1、精選優質文檔-傾情為你奉上2019年高考英語模擬試卷(一)第卷第一部分聽力(略)(共兩節,滿分30分)第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節,滿分40分)第一節(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。A(2016課標全國)You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important

2、woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams(18601935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社區)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Add

3、ams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson(19071964)If it werent for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans an

4、d on the worlds lakes and oceans.Sandra Day OConnor(1930present)When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(參議員)and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. S

5、upreme Court. OConnor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks(19132005)On December 1,1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off th

6、e Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,”said Parks.21.What is Jane Addams noted for in history?A.Her social work.B.Her teaching skills.C.Her efforts to win a prize.D.Her community background.22

7、.What was the reason for OConnors being rejected by the law firm?A.Her lack of proper training in law.B.Her little work experience in court.C.The discrimination against women.D.The poor financial conditions.23.Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.?A.Jane Addams. B.Ra

8、chel Carson.C.Sandra Day OConnor.D.Rosa Parks.24.What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?A.They are highly educated. B.They are truly creative.C.They are pioneers. D.They are peace-lovers.B(2016課標全國,C)I am Peter Hodes,a volunteer stem cell courier. Since March 2012, Ive done 89 trips

9、of those, 51 have been abroad. I have 42 hours to carry stem cells(干細胞) in my little box because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last. In all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐獻者)to the time they can be implanted in the patient, weve got 72 hours at most. So I a

10、m always conscious of time.I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said: “Well, I

11、m really sorry, Ive got some bad news for youthere are no flights from Washington.” So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said:“In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patientplease, please, youve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.” She just dropped everything.

12、She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me, re-routed(改道)me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.For this courier job,youre consciously aware that in that box youve got something that is potentially going to save somebodys life.25.Which of

13、 the following can replace the underlined word“courier”in Paragraph 1?A.providerB.delivery manC.collectorD.medical doctor26.Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42 hours?A.He cannot stay away from his job too long.B.The donor can only wait for that long.C.The operation needs that much tim

14、e.D.The ice wont last any longer.27.Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?A.To London.B.To Newark.C.To Providence.D.To Washington.C(2018課標全國,D)Weve all been there:in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or,

15、worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.Whats the problem?Its possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. Its more likely that none of us start a conversation because its awkward and challenging, or we think its annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find you

16、rself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say its an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we cant forget that deep relationships wouldnt even exist if it werent for casual conversation. Small tal

17、k is the grease(潤滑劑)for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast.“Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,”he explains. “The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect

18、 with others, not just communicate with them.”In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互動)with its waiter;the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that

19、those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience.“Its not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,”says Dunn.“But interactions with peripheral(邊緣的)members of our social network matter for our well-being

20、also.”Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk.“Small talk is the basis of good manners,”he says.28.What phenomenon is described in the first

21、 paragraph?A.Addiction to smartphones.B.Inappropriate behaviours in public places.C.Absence of communication between strangers.D.Impatience with slow service.29.What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?A.Showing good manners.B.Relating to other people.C.Focusing on a topic.D

22、.Making business deals.30.What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?A.It improves family relationships.B.It raises peoples confidence.C.It matters as much as a formal talk.D.It makes people feel good.31.What is the best title for the text?A.Conversation CountsB.Ways of Making Small Ta

23、lkC.Benefits of Small TalkD.Uncomfortable SilenceD(2017課標全國,D)A build-it-yourself solar still(蒸餾器) is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, its an excellent water collector. Un

24、fortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since its all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5'×5' sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a containerperhaps just a drinking cupto catc

25、h the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catchers productivity. Place your cup in the

26、 deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs upand outthe side of the hole. Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheets center down with a ro

27、ck. The plastic should now form a cone(圓錐體) with 45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates(蒸發) and collects on the sheet unt

28、il small drops of water form, run down the material, and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and wont have to break down the still every time you need a drink.32.What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph

29、?A.Its delicate.B.Its expensive.C.Its complex.D.Its portable.33.What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher”in paragraph 2 refer to?A.The tube.B.The still.C.The hole.D.The cup.34.What is the last step of constructing a working solar still?A.Dig a hole of a certain size.B.Put the cup in place.

30、C.Weight the sheets center down.D.Cover the hole with the plastic sheet.35.When a solar still works, drops of water come into the cup from. A.the plastic tubeB.outside the holeC.the open airD.beneath the sheet第二節(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)(2018課標全國)根據短文內容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。If you are alr

31、eady making the time to exercise, it is good indeed!With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out.36Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit. Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle

32、 whatever is ahead of you for the day.37 Your metabolism(新陳代謝)gets a head start.38If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie(卡路里)burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep. 39Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than th

33、ose who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited. 40If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin

34、their good workout by eating junk food?You will want to continue to focus on positive choices. There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out!You will feel energized all day long.A.You will stick to your d

35、iet.B.Your quality of sleep improves.C.You prefer healthy food to fast food.D.There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.E.You can keep your head clear for 410 hours after exercise.F.After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.G.If you are planning to do exercise

36、regularly, or youre doing it now, then listen up!9.40. 第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節,滿分45分)第一節(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)(2016課標全國)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。A Heroic DriverLarry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was41along 165 north after delivering to one of h

37、is42. Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on.43he got closer, he found44vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed45shooting out from under the46vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and47the fire extinguisher(滅火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire

38、was put out. The man who had his bright lights on48and told Larry he had49an emergency call. They50heard a womans voice coming from the wrecked(毀壞的)vehicle.51the vehicle,they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay52until the emergency personnel arrive

39、d,53she thought the car was going to54. Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move55she injured her neck. Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man56and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the57if he was needed or58to go. They let him an

40、d the other man go. One thing is59Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His60most likely saved the womans life. 41.A.walkingB.touringC.travelingD.rushing42.A.passengersB.colleaguesC.employersD.customers43.A.SinceB.AlthoughC.AsD.If44.A.each

41、B.anotherC.thatD.his45.A.flamesB.smokeC.waterD.steam46.A.usedB.disabledC.removedD.abandoned47.A.got hold ofB.preparedC.took charge ofD.controlled48.A.came downB.came throughC.came inD.came over49.A.returnedB.receivedC.madeD.confirmed50.A.thenB.againC.finallyD.even51.A.StartingB.ParkingC.PassingD.App

42、roaching52.A.quietB.stillC.awayD.calm53.A.forB.soC.andD.but54.A.explodeB.slip awayC.fall apartD.crash55.A.as ifB.unlessC.in caseD.after56.A.stepped forwardB.backed offC.moved onD.set out57.A.womanB.policeC.manD.driver58.A.forbiddenB.readyC.askedD.free59.A.for certainB.for consideration C.reportedD.c

43、hecked60.A.patienceB.skillsC.effortsD.promise第卷第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節,滿分45分)第二節(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)(2017課標全國)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 61(crowd) o

44、n the roads above as they travelled to and 62 work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 63(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 64 top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced. Steam eng

45、ines 65(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 66(fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 67 every day. Later, engineers 68(manage) to constru

46、ct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the 69(introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most 70(success)of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tun

47、nels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public. 4.65. 9.70. 第四部分寫作(共兩節,滿分35分)第一節短文改錯(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)(2018課標全國)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。修

48、改:在錯的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity; other

49、s were nervous and anxious. I had done myself homework, but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. At that moment, I remembered that my father once said,“The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks, and mistake as well.”Immediat

50、e, I raised my hand.第二節書面表達(滿分25分)(2016課標全國)假定你是李華,你校攝影俱樂部(photography club)將舉辦國際中學生攝影展。請給你的英國朋友Peter寫封信,請他提供作品。信的內容包括:1.主題:環境保護;2.展覽時間;3.投稿郵箱:intlphotoshow。注意:1.詞數100左右;2.可以適當增加細節,以使行文連貫。              答案全解全析第卷第二部分閱讀理解第一節A語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了100年以來歷史上四位在各個領域做出杰出貢獻的

51、偉大女性。21.A事實細節題。根據文章第二段第一句和第二句可知Jane Addams幫助窮人,為和平而努力,做出了很大的貢獻,因此判斷選A項。B項“她的教學技能”。C項“她得獎的努力”。D項“她的社區背景”。這三項文中均未提及。22.C事實細節題。根據文章第四段第一句可知:Sandra Day OConnor 1952年在斯坦福法學院畢業之后,因為是一位女士而不能在律師事務所找到工作,由此可判斷當時社會對婦女的歧視,故選C項。A項,根據文中信息“她從法學院畢業”可知她不缺乏法律的培訓。B項,她法庭經驗的缺乏不是找不到工作的理由,原因是她是婦女。D項,貧窮的經濟狀況,文中未提及。discrimi

52、nation n.歧視。23.D事實細節題。根據文章第五段第四句中的kicked off the civil-rights movement可判斷Rosa Parks為民權運動做出了貢獻,故選D項。其他三項均和民權運動無關。24.C推理判斷題。根據全文中四名女士在不同領域做出的貢獻可知,她們是自己領域中的先鋒人物,故選C項。A項,文中只提及一人受到了高等教育。B項,顯然幾人均和創造性無關。D項,只有一人的貢獻與和平有關。B語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了作為干細胞運送志愿者的Peter Hodes在美國遇到颶風,航班被取消,后來得到幫助的經歷。25.B猜測詞義題。根據文章第一段可知從在

53、捐獻者身上取到干細胞到移植到病人身上最多有72小時的時間,由此可判斷作者是干細胞的運送者,故選B項。A、C、D三項和作者的遞送工作無任何關系,因此可排除。26.D事實細節題。根據文章第一段第三句可知作者有兩個冰袋,而它們能持續的時間為42小時,故選D項。A項意為“他不能離開工作太長時間”。B項意為“捐獻者只能等那么長時間”。C項意為“手術需要很長時間”。27.B事實細節題。根據文章第二段倒數第一句.re-routed me through Newark.可知選B項。C語篇解讀本文為說明文。介紹了“small talk(閑聊)”的重要性及其意義。28.C細節理解題。題干句意:第一段描述的是什么現

54、象?根據第一段描述(無論我們身在何處,在電梯里、在銀行排隊或者在飛機上,我們周圍的人或是像我們一樣在埋頭看智能手機,或是更壞,在和令人不安的沉默做斗爭)可知,C項“陌生人之間缺乏交流”和首段描述一致,故答案為C項。A項“手機控”只是該段描述現象時舉的例子;B項“公共場合的不恰當行為”與首段意思不符;D項“對緩慢的服務缺乏耐心”和第一段的描述無關。29.B細節理解題。題干句意:根據Carducci的說法,對于成功的閑聊來說什么是重要的?根據第三段最后一句(成功的閑聊的關鍵是學會如何同他人建立聯系而不僅僅是同他們交流)可知,B項“能夠理解并認同他人”符合題意,故答案為B項。本題干擾項為A“顯示良好

55、的行為舉止”,錯因在于鎖定的句子“最后一段最后一句(閑聊是良好舉止的基礎)”和題干要求不一致,答非所問;D項“做生意”受第三段第三句(幾乎每一個偉大的愛情故事和每一單大的生意都源于閑聊)的影響,犯了邏輯推理錯誤;C項“聚焦一個話題”在文中沒有涉及。30.D推理判斷題。題干句意:關于閑聊,咖啡店調研表明了什么?根據第四段中的內容(結果表明那些同服務生閑聊的人明顯有更高的積極情感和較好的咖啡店體驗。不是同服務生交談比和你的丈夫交談更好,而是同社交網絡的邊緣人員的互動也對我們的健康和幸福很重要)可知,D項“它使得人們感覺良好”與題意相符,故答案為D項。A項“它改善家庭關系”、B項“它提升人們的自信” 和C項“它和正式交談一樣重要”在文章中沒有涉及,屬于主觀臆斷。31.C主旨大意題。題干句意:文章最好的標題是什么?根據第二段最后一句(專家說閑聊是一種可帶來巨大益處的極有價值的社交行為)以及最后一段最后一句(閑聊是良好舉止的基礎)可知,C項“閑聊的益處”與題干要求一致,故答案為C項。A項“會話很重要”為干擾項,錯在偷換概念,conversation(會話, 交談)和small talk(閑談)不是一個概念;文章