1、詠物詩、山水田園詩謝靈運、王維、孟浩然 山水詩人一一吟河護衛隊”高適、岑參、王昌齡、王之渙 一一邊塞詩人一一邊伏俠”柳永、李清照、李煜一一文風悲戚的婉約派詞人一一賦愁者聯盟 詩歌分類詠物詩山水田園詩送別詩懷古詠史詩邊塞詩羈旅詩閨怨詩諷喻詩哲理詩等詩歌鑒賞思路【寫了什么】一一描繪了什么景色、事物、人，事件是什么【抒發了什么感情】【用了什么手法】詩歌鑒賞答題公式=內容+手法+情感（或景物的狀態） 詩歌鑒賞類型一：詠物詩鑒賞詠物詩是借自然界中的萬物寄托詩人自己的感情。在詩人筆下，花鳥草蟲皆有品，一花一木皆關情, 他們或詠物寄興，或詠物怡情。【特點歸納】1 .求其形似”一一曲盡其妙2 .由物到人，由實

2、到虛，寫出精神品格，求其 神似”一一不滯于物3 .寫作技巧 常用表現手法：托物言志；對比、襯托（反襯）；象征。常用修辭：比喻、擬人。 常用描寫手法：正面描寫、白描、側面描寫。【答題步驟】1 .讀清”全詩2 .分析物象的外在特征、環境特點和內在品性。3 .聯系詩人自身經歷和所處社會環境，揣摩詩人所托之情，所言之志。4 .體會詩人手法的高妙。例1 .柳李商隱曾逐東風拂舞筵，樂游春苑斷腸天。如何肯到清秋日，已帶斜陽又帶蟬。注:李商隱青年時就考中進士，朝氣蓬勃，充滿信心，然而由于黨爭傾軋，使他長期沉淪下僚。詩人寫此 詩時，妻子剛病故，自己又將只身赴蜀，去過那使人厭倦的幕府生涯。試析 曾逐東風拂舞筵”中

3、逐”字的精妙之處。(2)試析這首詩對比的表現手法。詩中表現了詩人怎樣的思想感情?例2.白云泉白居易天平山上白云泉，云自無心水自閑。何必奔沖山下去，更添波浪向人間。(1)簡要分析詩中抒情主人公的形象特點。(2)本詩在藝術手法上有何突出特點？試簡要分析。詩歌鑒賞類型二： 山水田園詩鑒賞過故人莊孟浩然故人具雞黍，邀我至田家。綠樹村邊合，青山郭外斜。開軒面場圃，把酒話桑麻。待到重陽日，還來就菊花。歸園田居陶淵明少無適俗韻，性本愛丘山。誤落塵網中，一去三十年。 羈鳥戀舊林，池魚思故淵。開荒南野際，守拙歸園田。 方宅十余畝，草屋八九間。榆柳蔭后檐，桃李羅堂前。 曖曖遠人村，依依墟里煙。狗吠深巷中，雞鳴桑樹

4、巔。 戶庭無塵雜，虛室有余閑。久在樊籠里，復得返自然。山居秋瞑 王維空山新雨后，天氣晚來秋。 明月松間照，清泉石上流。 竹喧歸浣女，蓮動下漁舟。 隨意春芳歇，王孫自可留。【小結】情懷山水 風光優美 田園生活恬然 借景抒情，情景交融【情懷】A.表達對現實的不滿，懷才不遇的苦悶。B.對寧靜、平和、歸隱生活的向往，抒發閑適自得的心情。C.自己遺世獨立的高尚情懷和隱居生活的幽寂高雅。D.歌頌勞動生活，以及在勞動中與農民的深情厚意。E.反映農村生活與人民生活的貧困。【答題術語】（給分點）1 .思想內容一一熱愛自然、向往自由、歸（退）隱、閑適淡泊悠然自得2 .表現手法一一借景抒情情景交融3 .寫景方法描寫

5、角度一一如近景與遠景、俯視與仰望等；描寫順序一一如從外到內、從近到遠等；描寫方法一一如正面與側面、實景與虛景 （現實與想象、神話，以實襯虛或以虛襯實 卜動靜結合（以動襯 靜、以有聲襯無聲卜粗筆勾勒（白描）、遠近結合、點面結合、五覺（感覺、聽覺、視覺、味覺、觸覺 ）結合、 聲色結合等。4 .語言特點一一清新自然 質樸自然 清新洗練 例3.春行即興李華宜陽城下草萋萋，澗水東流復向西。芳樹無人花自落，春山一路鳥空啼。 這首詩的三、四兩句運用了哪種修辭方法？請具體說明。 古人在談到詩歌創作時曾說:作詩不過情、景二端。”請從 景“和 情”的角度來賞析這首詩。English Song Time!Brown

6、 Eyes DestinyRemember the first day when I saw your face Remember the first day when you smiled at me You stepped to me and then you said to me I was the woman you dreamed about Remember the first day when you called my house Remember the first day when you took me out We had butterflies although we

7、 tried to hide and we both had a beautiful night The way we held each other's hand the way we talked the way we laughed It felt so good to find true loveI knew right then and there you were the one I know that he loves me cause he told me so I know that he loves me cause his feelings show When h

8、e stares at me you see that he cares for me You see how he is so deep in loveI know that he loves me cause it's obvious I know that he loves me cause it's me he trusts and he's missing me if he's not kissing me and when he looks at me his brown eyes tell his soul Remember the first d

9、ay, the first day we kissed Remember the first day we had an argument We apologized and then we promised and we haven't argued sinceRemember the first day we stopped playing games Remember the first day you fell in love with me It felt so good for you to say those words cause I felt the same way

10、 too The way we held each other's hand the way we talked the way we laughed it felt so good to fall in love and I knew right then and there you were the one I know that he loves me cause he told me so I know that he loves me cause his feelings show when he stares at me you see that he cares for

11、me you see how he is so deep in loveI know that he loves me cause it's obvious I know that he loves me cause it's me he trusts and he's missing me if he's not kissing me and when he looks at me his brown eyes tell his soul I'm so happy so happy that you're in my life and baby

12、 now part that you're a of me you showed meshowed me the true meaning of the love and I know he loves meI know that he loves me cause he told me soI know that he loves me cause his feelings show when he stares at me you see that he cares for me you see how he is so deep in loveI know that he loves me cause it's obviousI know that