1、附錄( Appendixes)礦物代號1#Ab = Albite鈉長石Ac = Acmite錐輝石Act = Actinolite陽起石Ae = Aegirine霓石Af = Alkali feldspar堿性長石Alm = Almandine鐵鋁榴石Als = Al 2SiO5 mineralAl 2SiO5礦物Am = A mphibole角閃石An = Anorthite鈣長石And = Andalusite紅柱石Andr = Andradite鈣鐵榴石Anl = Analcite方沸石Ann = Annite羥鐵云母Ant = Anthophy llite直閃石Ar = Aragoni

2、te文石Aug = Augite普通輝石Bi = Biotite黑云母Brc = Brucite水鎂石Cc = Calcite方解石Ch = Chlorite綠泥石Cld = Chloritoid硬綠泥石Co=Corundum剛玉Coe = coesite柯石英Cpx = Clinopyroxene單斜輝石Crd = Cordierite堇青石Crs = Crossite青鋁閃石Cum = Cu mmingtonite鎂鐵閃石Der = Deerite迪爾石Di = Diapside透輝石Dia = Diamond金剛石Dol = Dolomite白云石En = Enstatite頑火輝石Ep

3、 = Epidote綠簾石F = Fluid(H 2O)流體（出0）Fa = Fayalite鐵橄欖石Fo=Forsterite鎂橄欖石Fs = Ferrosilite鐵輝石Gl = Glaucophane藍閃石Gra = Graphite石墨Gro = Grossular鈣鋁榴石Gt = Garnet石榴石Hb = Hornblende普通角閃石Hd = Hedenbergite鈣鐵輝石Hu = Heulandite片沸石Hy = Hypersthene紫蘇輝石Ill = Illite伊利石Jd=Jadeite硬玉Jed=Jedrite鋁直閃石Kao = Kaolinite高嶺石Kf = K

4、-feldspar鉀長石Kp = Kalinophilite鉀霞石Ky = Kyanite藍晶石L = Liquid = melt液體 = 熔體Lc=Leucite白榴石Lm = Lau montite濁沸石Lw = Lawsonite硬柱石Mar=Margarite珍珠云母Mc=Mica云母Mgn = Magnesite菱鎂礦Mi = Microcline微斜長石Mm = Montmorillonite蒙脫石Ms = Muscovite白云母Mt = Magnetite磁鐵礦Ne = Nepherine霞石Ol = Olivine橄欖石Om =Omphacite綠輝石Opx = Orthop

5、hy roxene斜方輝石Or = Orthoclase正長石Pg = Paragonite鈉云母Phl = Phlogopite金云母Phn = Phengite多硅白云母Pie = Piemontite紅簾石Pig = Pigeonite易變輝石Pl = Plagioklase斜長石Prh = Prehnite葡萄石Prl = Py rophy llite葉臘石Pu = Pumpellyite綠纖石Px = Pyroxene輝石Pyr = Pyrope鎂鋁榴石Q = Quartz石英Rie = Riebeckite鈉閃石San = Sanidine透長石Sps = Spessartine錳

6、鋁榴石St = Staurolite十字石Stp = Stilpnomelane黑硬綠泥石Tc=Talc滑石Tr=Tremolite透閃石Ts=Tschermakite契爾馬克分子V =Vapour蒸汽Ver=Vermiculite蛭石Wm = White mica白色云母Wo=Wollastonite硅灰石Wr=Wairakite斜鈣沸石Se = Sericite絹云母Ser = Serpentine蛇紋石Sil = Sillimanite夕線石Sm=Smecite蒙皂石Sp = Spinel尖晶石Wu=Wustite方鐵礦Zo = Zoisite黝簾石漢英對照巖石學名詞索引AA'K

7、F 圖(AXF diagram) ACF 圖( ACF diagram) AFC 模式( assimilation and fractional crystallization) AFM 圖( AFM diagram)A 型花崗巖 (A-type granites) I 型花崗巖 (I-type granites) M 型花崗巖 (M-type granites) P-T-t 軌跡( P-T-t path) S 面( S-safaces 或 S-planes) S 型花崗巖 (S-type granites) 阿波羅 (Apollo) 阿爾卑斯型超基性巖體 (Alpine-type ultra

8、basic rocks) 阿拉斯加型 (Alaska-type) 安山巖( andesite ) 岸礁( shore reef) 暗拼巖( appinite ) 暗色體( melanosome) 奧長花崗巖 (tronndhjemite)B白榴石響巖 (leucite phonolite) 白榴巖( leucitite ) 白片巖( white schist ) 白云石化 (dolomitization) 斑點構造( spotted structure ) 斑脫巖( bentonite ) 斑雜構造 ( taxitic structure ) 斑狀變晶結構( porphyroblastic t

9、exture ) 斑狀結構( porphy ritic texture ) 板塊 (plate) 板劈理( slaty cleavage ) 板巖 (slate) 板狀等粒結構( equant tabular texture ) 板狀構造( slaty structure ) 板狀交錯層( plate cross-bedding ) 半晶質結構( hemicrystalline texture ) 半自形變晶( hypidioblastic ) 半自形晶粒狀結構( hypidiomorphic-granular texture ) 包含結構 (poikilitic texture) 包卷層理(

10、 convoluted structure ) 包卷構造( convoluted structure ) 雹痕( hail print ) 堡礁( barrier reef ) 爆發 (explosions) 碧玄巖( basanite) 碧玉巖( jasperite ) 變斑晶 (porphyroblast) 變晶( blast ) 變晶鮞 (metacrystal ooid) 變晶結構( blastic texture ) 變晶系( crystalloblastic series ) 變嵌晶( poikilolblast ) 變形 (deformation) 變形帶( deformatio

11、n band ) 變形結構( deformation texture ) 變形雙晶( deformation twins ) 變形紋( deformation lamellae ) 變余構造( palimpsest structure ) 變余結構( palimpsest texture ) 變余糜棱巖( blastomylonite ) 變質帶( metamorphic zone ) 變質反應( metamorphic reaction)。變質分異( metamorphic differentiation ) 變質構造( metamorphic structure ) 變質級( metamo

12、rphic grade ) 變質結構( metamorphic texture) 變質結晶作用( metamorphic cry stallization) 變質相( metamorphic facies ) 變質相系( metamoprhic facies series ) 變質巖 (metamorphic rocks) 變質巖巖屑砂巖( metamorphic fragment sandstone) 變質作用 P/T 比類型( P/T ratio type of metamorphism ) 標準礦物 (normative minerals) 表鮞 (superficial ooid) 表

13、生成巖作用( epidiagenesis) 賓漢塑性流( bingham plastic flow )2超變質作用( ultrametamorphism ) 超高壓( ultrahigh-pressure ) 超基性巖( ultrabasic rocks ) 超基性巖包體 (ultrabasic rock inclusion ) 超臨界狀態( super-critical state ) 超糜棱巖( ultramylonite ) 超碎裂巖( ultracataclasite ) 沉積構造( sedimentary structure ) 沉積混雜巖( diamictite ) 沉積物( de

14、posits ) 沉積學( sedi mentology ) 沉積巖 (sedimentaryrocks) 沉積作用 (廣義 )( sedimentation ) 沉積作用 (狹義 )( deposition ) 沉凝灰巖( tuffite ) 成分層( co mpositional layering ) 成分成熟度( co mpositional maturity ) 成分 -共生圖解( co mposition-paragenesis diagram ) 成核( nucleation ) 成巖格子( petrogenetic grid ) 成巖作用 (diagenesis) 充填樣式( p

15、acking style ) 沖擊變質作用( i mpact metamorphism ) 沖刷構造( scour structure ) 沖刷痕( scour marks )沖洗交錯層( swash cross-bedding ) 初糜棱巖( protomylonite ) 初始熔融 (incipient melting) 雛晶( crystallite ) 穿時的( diachronous ) 垂向序列( vertical succession ) 次變石榴石 (kelyphite) 次生沉積構造( secondary sedimentary structure ) 次生石英巖 (seco

16、ndary quartzite) 次要元素 (minor elements) 。 粗安巖( trachy-andesite ) 粗安巖( tristante ) 粗晶 (macrocrystal) 粗礫巖( cobble conglomerate )冰川( glacier ) 冰筏( ice raft ) 冰磧物( till ) 冰山( iceberg ) 波痕構造( ripple mark ) 波狀層理( wavy bedding ) 波狀交錯層( wavy cross-bedding ) 波狀消光( undulose extinction ) 玻基安山巖 (hyalo-andesite)

17、玻基斑狀結構( vitrophy ric texture ) 玻基玄武巖( vitrobasalt ) 玻璃質結構( hyaline texture ) 玻璃質碎屑結構( vitriclastic texture ) 玻屑 (glass shards)補償深度(carbonate compensation depth,簡記為 CCD ) 不等粒結構( heterogranular texture ) 不等粒結構 (inequigranular or seriate texture) 不連續反應( discontinuous reaction ) 不平衡結構( disequilibrium te

18、xture )部分熔融 (partial melting) 部分熔融結構 (partially melted texture)C殘積物( residual sediments ) 殘縷結構( helicitic texture ) 殘余構造( relict structure ) 殘余結構( relict texture ) 槽狀交錯層( trough cross-bedding ) 層(條帶 )狀混合巖 (stromatite) 層礁( stratigraphic reef ) 層理( bedding ) 層流 (laminar flow ) 層系( set) 層系組( coset ) 層狀

19、構造或帶狀構造( layered structure, stromatic structure ) 層狀侵入體 (layered intrusions ) 長石砂巖( feldspar sandstone) 長石石英砂巖( feldspathic quartz sandstone ) 長石巖屑砂巖( feldspar lithic sandstone ) 長英質( quartz-feldspathic )3點礁( patch reef) 疊層構造( stromatolitic structure ) 疊層石灰巖 (stro matolitic limestone) 疊瓦構造( i mbrica

20、ted structure ) 碟狀構造( dish structure ) 頂峰變質條件( peakmetamorphic conditions ) 頂蝕作用( stoping )： 定向充填( oriented packing ) 定向構造( directional structure ) 定向壓力 (directed pressure) 動力變質作用( dynamic metamorphism ) 動態重結晶 (dynamic recrystallization) 斷層巖( fault rock ) 堆積后的晶體( postcumulus crystals ) 堆晶( cu mulus

21、crystals ) 堆晶結構 (cu mulate texture) ： 盾形火山( shielled volcano ) 惰性組分( inert components )E 鮞粒 (ooid) 二長花崗巖( monzonite granite ) 二長巖 (monzonite)F 反應邊( reaction rim ) 反應邊結構 (reaction rim texture) 反應等變線( reaction isograd ) 反應結構( reaction texture ) 泛流玄武巖( flood basalt ) 放射蟲巖( radiolarite ) 放射鮞 (radial ooi

22、d) 霏細結構( felsitic texture ) 沸石相 (zeolite facies) 分離結晶作用 (fractional cry stallization) 分離作用 (fractionation) 分凝( segregation ) 分選度( sorting ) 分選作用( sorting ) 分異作用 (di fferentiation ) 粉砂巖( siltstone )粗粒( coarse grained) 粗粒結構( coarse grained texture ) 粗粒雜砂巖( course wacke) 粗面巖( trachyte ) 粗砂巖( coarse san

23、dstone) 粗尾粒序( coarse-tail grading ) 粗玄結構 ( 間粒結構 )( intergranular texture ) 粗玄巖( dolerite ) 脆性流( brittle flow ) 脆性行為 (brittle behavior)D 大理巖 (marble) 大氣空落( air fall ) 大洋盆地玄武巖( oceanic basalts ) 大洋中脊玄武巖( Mid-Ocean ridge basalts: MORBS ) 帶狀侵入體 (zoned intrusions) 單成分礫巖( oligomict conglomerate ) 單成分粘土巖(

24、monogenic claystone ) 彈性行為 (elastic behavior) 淡色英云閃長巖( leucotonalite ) 島弧 (island arc) 島嶼結構( island texture ) 等變線( isograd ) 等厚環邊膠結物 (isopachous cement) 等化學變質作用( isochemical metamorphism ) 等粒結構 (equigranular texture) 等粒結構( homogranular texture ) 等量體 (equivalent) 等色巖( shonkinete ) 底劈作用( diapirism ) 底

25、涌流 (base surge) 底載荷( bed load ) 地盾( shield ) 地幔不相容元素 (mantle incompatible elements) 地幔相容元素 (mantle compatible elements) 地面涌流 (ground surge) 地熱梯度 (geothermal gradient) 地外變質作用( extraterrestrial metamorphism ) 遞增變質( progressive metamorphism )4糞團粒( fecal pellet ) 風暴流( storm current ) 風成交錯層( wind-dune cr

26、oss-bedding ) 縫合線( stylolites ) 浮巖( pumice ) 俯沖作用 (subduction) 負鮞 (negative ooid) 負荷壓力 (lithostatic pressure) 復變質巖( poly metamorphic rock) 復成分礫巖( polymict conglomerate ) 復成分粘土巖( polygenic claystone ) 復鮞 (co mpound ooid) 副變質巖( parametamorphite ) 富集地幔 (fertile mantle) 富集型地幔 (enriched mantle) 富集型洋中脊玄武巖

27、( E-MORB ) 富鐵巖( iron-rich rocks )G 鈣硅酸鹽角巖 (calc-silicate hornfels) 鈣硅酸鹽粒巖 (calc-silicate fels) 鈣堿性系列 (calc-alkiline series) 鈣質( calcareous) 鈣質長石砂巖( calcareous feldspathic arenite ) 干酪根( kerogen ) 橄欖安粗巖 (mugaerite) 橄欖粗安巖( mugeariite )。 港灣結構( embayed texture ) 高地(月球上的) (high land) 高嶺石粘土巖( kaolinitic c

28、layston ) 高鋁玄武巖( high-alumina basalt ) 高熱變質作用( pyro metamorphism ) 高原玄武巖 (plateau basalt ) 根痕構造( root traces ) 更長環斑花崗巖( rapakivite ) 共生分析( paragenesis analysis ) 共生相標志( syngenetic facies indicator ) 共軸增生 (syntaxial overgrowth) 構造( structure ) 構造超壓( tectonic overpressure )構造角礫巖 (tectonic breccia) 構造礫

29、巖 (tectonic conglomerate) 孤立組分( indifferent co mponents ) 古成體( paleosome) 古登堡不連續面 (Gutenberg Continuity) 固定組分( fixed co mponents ) 固結 solidified 固溶體分解曲線( solvus ) 冠狀體( corona ) 硅板巖( lydite ) 硅華( geyserite ) 硅化 (silification) 硅鎂質盆地( ensimatic basin ) 硅藻軟泥( diatomaceous ooze) 硅藻巖( diatomite ) 硅質巖( sil

30、iceous rocks 或 silicastone ) 過渡型洋中脊玄武巖( T-MORB ) 過渡性支撐( transitional support ) 過鉀質 (perpotassic) 過濾分異或壓濾分異作用 (filter pressing) 過剩組分( excess components )H骸晶( skeleton crystal ) 海綠石石英砂巖( glauconitic quartzarenite ) 海綿巖( spangolite )含磷巖( phospho-rus-bearing rocks ) 核形石 (oncolite)黑曜巖( obsidian ) 黑云母安山巖

31、(biotite- andesite) 橫交結構( diablastic texture ) 后成合晶( symplectite ) 弧內盆地 (intra-arc basin) 花斑結構( graphophyric texture ) 花斑巖( granophyre ) 花崗斑巖( granite-porphyry ) 花崗變晶多邊形結構( granoblastic-polygonal texture ) 花崗變晶多縫合結構( granoblastic-polysutured texture ) 花崗變晶結構( granoblastic texture ) 花崗閃長斑(玢)巖( granod

32、iorite-porphyrite )6花崗閃長巖( granodiorite ) 花崗細晶巖( granite-aplite ) : 花崗巖( granite ) 花崗巖化作用( granitization ) 花崗巖類 (granitoid rocks) 滑動反應( sliding reaction ) 滑石菱鎂巖 (listvenite) 化學沉積分異( chemical sediment differentiation ) 化學成分 ( chemistry composition) 還原色( reduced colour ) 環帶結構( zoned texture ) 環礁( atol

33、l ) 環狀超鎂鐵雜巖體 (ring ultramafic co mplexes) 緩流( tranguil flow ) 黃長巖( melilitite ) : 黃鐵絹英巖 (beresite) 黃土( loess ) 煌斑巖 (lamprophyre) 恢復 (recovery) 輝長結構 (gabbro texture) 輝長閃長巖( gabbro-diorite ) 輝長巖( gabbro ) 輝綠結構 (ophitic texture) 輝綠巖( diabase ) 輝石安山巖 (pyroxene -andesite) 輝石角巖 (pyroxene-horn fels) 輝石角巖相

34、(pyroxene-horn fels facies) 會聚 (convergent) 混合( mixing ) 混合水( mi xed water) 混合水白云巖( dorag dolostone ) 混合巖 (mig matite) 混合巖化作用( mig matization ) 混染( assimilation ) 混雜堆積 (melage ) 混雜巖( melange ) 混雜巖漿( hybrid mag ma) 混雜作用( hybridization ) 活動大陸邊緣 (active continent margins)活動組分( mobile components )火成巖 (i

35、gneous rocks)火山塵 (dust)火山彈 (bo mb)火山灰 (ash)火山角礫巖 (volcanic breccia)火山口沉陷作用( cauldron subsidence )：火山礫 (lapillus)火山礫角礫巖 (lapilli stone)火山碎屑流 (pyroclastic flow)火山碎屑巖( pyroclastic rocks )火山巖塊 (block)火山巖巖屑砂巖( volcanic frag ment sandstone)J機械沉積分異( mechanical sediment differentiation )機械雙晶( mechanical twi

36、ns )基底式膠結 (basal cementation)基體( substrate )基性( basic )基性巖類( basic rocks )基質( matrix )基質支撐( matrix-support )極粗砂巖( very coarse sandstone)極細砂巖( very fine sandstone )急流( torrent flow )集塊熔巖( agglomelate lava )集塊巖( agglomerate )擠入構造( diapirs )脊蓋處熔體分凝作用( ridge crest segregation )繼承礦物( inherital minerals )

37、加大邊結構 (enlargement texture)鉀鎂煌斑巖 (lamproite)鉀玄巖系列 (shoshonite association)假等變線( false isograd )假晶 (pseudocrystal)假晶( crystal pseudomorph )假塑性流( pseudo-plastic flow )假團粒( pseudopeloid )假象( pseudomorph )7假玄武玻璃 (pseudotachylite) 堿流巖( pantellerite ) 堿性粗面巖( alkali trachyte ) 堿性橄欖玄武巖( alkali olivine basal

38、t ) 堿性花崗巖( alkali-granite ) 堿性輝長巖( alkali gabbro ) 堿性流紋巖( soda liparite ) 堿性巖 (alkaline rocks) 堿玄巖( tephrite ) 漿源( juvenile ) 交叉結構( dicussate texture ) 交錯層理( cross-bedding ) 交代 (replacement) 交代變質作用( metasomatic metamorphism ) 交代作用( metasomatism 或 replacement ) 交換反應( exchange reaction ) 交面線理( intersecton lineation ) 交生結構( intergrovoth texture ) 膠結類型 (cementation type) 膠結物( cements ) 膠結物的世代( cement generation ) 膠結作用 (cementation) 礁蓋( reef cap) 礁核( reef core) 礁后( back reef ) 礁前( for