1、學習必備歡迎下載主謂一致一、主謂一致應遵循的規則1.語法形式上的一致：主語為單數形式，謂語動詞用單數形式；主語為復數形式，謂語動詞也用復數形式。Jane and Mary look healthy and strong . The number of mistakes was surprising .2. 意義上一致:1）主語形式雖為單數，但意義為復數，謂語動詞用復數。The crowd were running for their lives .單數形式表示復數意義的詞有people，police，cattle，militia 等。2）主語形式為復數而意義上卻是單數，謂語動詞用單數。The

2、news was very exciting .形復意單的單詞有 news，works（工廠）和一些以ics結尾的學科名.稱.physics， politics，mathematics等。or，either orneither.nor,3. 就近原則。即謂語動詞的單、復數形式取決于最靠近它的詞語。如用連詞not onlybut als等連接的并列主語，如果一個是單數，一個是復數，謂語動詞與靠近它的主語一致。Either your students or Mr. Wang knows this .二、主謂一致應注意的幾個問題：or,either or，neithernor,not1.由botha

3、nd連接兩個單數名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用復數形式；由onlybut also,notbut，連接兩個名詞或代詞作主語時，根據就近原則決定謂語動詞形式。例如：Both his father and his mother are both teachers. /Tom or Jack is wrong. /Either this one or that one is OK.2.以-s結尾的名詞本身不表示復數意義，謂語通常用單數形式，如news,maths,physics等，例如：No news is good news./Maths is very popu lar in our class3.a

4、 number of+復數名詞作主語，謂語動詞用復數；the number of +復數名詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數。例:A number of famous people were invited to p arty. /The number of the students is over eight houndred.4.當kind of,pair of, glass of等表示確定數量的名詞短語修飾主語時，謂語與kind,pair,glass等一致。例如:5. the+形容詞表示一類人時，謂語動詞用復數形式。例如:This p air of shoes is Tom /The' a

5、re two glasses of wather on the table.The poor are very happy, but the rich are sad.There is6.以here，there開關的句子，若主語在兩個或兩個以上，謂語動詞通常與臨近的主語一致。例如: a book and three p ens on the desk. /Here are some books and paper for you.7.不定代詞 somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything.no

6、body,no one,nothing 作主語，謂語動詞用單數，例如：Is everyone here today. /Something is wrong with him.8.由and連接的兩個單數名詞作主語時，一般用復數形式，但and所連接的并列主語是同一個人，事物，或概念時，謂語動詞用單數。這兩種情況區分如下：a/the+單數名詞+and+單數名詞，指的是同一個人或物;a/the+單數名詞+and+a/the+單數名詞，指兩個人或物。The writer and teacher is coming. The writer and the teacher are coming.9. pe

7、ople,police等集體名詞作主語，謂語動詞用復數形式，family,class,group,team等集體名詞作主語，若指一個整體時，謂語動詞用單數形式，若指一個具體成員時，謂語動詞復數形式。例如：People here are very friendly./His family isn ' t large. /My family all like watching TV.10.many a+單數名詞作主語，意義雖為"許多”，但謂語要用單數形式。Many a student has been to Shanghai.11. more than one+單數名詞作主語，謂

8、語用單數。例如：More than one student has ever been to Beijing.12. 表示時間，價格，重量，數目，長度，數學運算等的詞或短語作主語時，這些通常作一個整體概念，謂語用單數形式。例如：Two months is a long holiday. /Ten miles isn ' t a long distance.13.主語是each/every/no+單數名詞+and（each/every/no）+單數名詞時，謂語動詞用單數。例如： Each boy and each girl has got a seat. Every man and ev

9、ery woman is at work.One and a half hours is enough.14. one and a half+復數名詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數形式。例如:15.動詞不定式，動名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。To see is to believe. /Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.16. a/an+單數名詞+or two作主語，謂語動詞用單數。例如： A student or two has failed the exam.17.當主語部分含有 with，toge ether with，along with，

10、as well as，besides, except，but，like 等介詞或介詞 短語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。Mike with his father has been to England. Mike,like his brother,enjoys p laying football18.分數(百分數)+of +名詞做主語時，謂語動詞的單復數取決于 of后面的名詞的數。但要注意population 詞，用作整體時，謂語動詞用單數，用其部分做主語時，謂語動詞形式用復數。Part of the work has been done by us . Ten p ercent of the ap

11、ples were bad .19.不定代詞由all, most, more, some, any, none作主語時，也要依這些代詞表示的意義來決定謂語動詞的單 復數形式。如果代詞代表復數可數名詞，謂語動詞用復數；如果代詞代表單數可數名詞或不可數名詞，謂語動詞用單數。例如：All of the work has been finished. All of the peo pie have gone.20.在定語從句中主語是關系代詞who , that , which ,謂語動詞的數應與先行詞的數一致。注意：在“one of+復數名詞+ who/that/which "引導的定語從句

12、中，從句謂語的單復數取決于 one前是否有the (only)、the very。 如果有，從句的謂語動詞用單數， 如沒有the only，就用復數形式。This is one of the most interesting questionsthat have been asked. He was the only one of the students who was late for school.初中英語反意疑問句專項語法講解反意疑問句是由兩部分組成的，前一部分是對事物的陳述(即陳述句)，后一部分是簡短的提問(即簡短疑問句)，中間用逗號隔開。如果前一部分用肯定句，后一部分就用否定疑問句

13、；如果前一部分用否定句,后一部分就用肯定疑問句。兩部分的人稱和時態要一致。其回答是用yes或no來表示。一、含 be(is, are, was, were)動詞的反意疑問句其句型是：句型 1:主語 + be+其它，isn ' t(aren ' t, wasn ' t, werefe語?)+句型 2:主語 + be not+其它，is(are, was, were) + 主語？注意：There be句型There is an old pi cture on the wall, isnt there?Yes, there is. No, there isnt.二、行為動詞的

14、一般現在時的反意疑問句其句型是：句型1:主語+動詞原形+其它，don' t I(you, we, they)?句型2:主語+ don' t動詞原形+其它，do I(you, we, they)?句型3:主語+動詞第三人稱單數 +其它，doesn' t he(she, it)?句型4:主語+ doesn'動J詞原形+其它，does he(she, it)?行為動詞的一般過去時的反意疑問句其句型是：句型1:主語+動詞過去式+其它，didn '住語?句型2:主語+didn ' t動詞原形+其它，did +主語?四、一般將來時的反意疑問句其句型是：句型1

15、:主語+will+動詞原形+其它，worf t+主語？句型2:主語+ won' t +動詞原形+其它，will +主語？注意：There be句型的一般將來時There will be a basketball match tomorrow, wont there?Yes, there will. No, there wont.五、現在完成時的反意疑問句其句型是：句型1:主語+have+動詞過去分詞+其它，haven' t主語?句型2:主語+ haven' t動詞過去分詞+其它，have +主語?句型3:主語+has+動詞過去分詞+其它，hasn' t主語？ 句

16、型4:主語+ hasn ' t動詞過去分詞+其它，has + 主語?中考英語：反意疑問句對應規則二十四條一、反意疑問句中問句部分的動詞與陳述部分的動詞在語氣上成相反的對應關系，即:肯定+否定？ 否定+肯定？如:You can' t do it, can you?They are very late for the meeting, aren' t they?反意疑問句中問句部分的動詞與陳述部分的動詞種類要對應一致。如：He has supper at home every day, doesn '不能?用 hasn' t he?)They have kn

17、own the matter, haven ' t th不能用 don' t they?)反意疑問句中問句部分的動詞在時態上應和陳述部分的時態一致。如:They will go to town soon, won ' t t不y?用 don' t they?或 aren' t they?)He works very hard, doesn' t 不能用 didn ' t he或 worf t he?)四、反意疑問句的陳述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-,等否定意義的前綴構成的詞語時，陳述部分要視為肯定含義，問句部分用否定形

18、式。如：Your father is unhappy, isn'不he用 is he?) The man is dishonest, isn ' 不e?用 is he?) It is imp ossible to learn English without remembering more words, isn不能用'st it?)五、反意疑問句的陳述部分帶有little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定意義的詞時，問句部分用肯定式。如: She never tells a lie, does she?不用 doesn' t she?

19、) He was seldom late, was he?(不用 wasn' t he?)六、反意疑問句的陳述部分為lam時，問句部分習慣上用 aren' t?表示。如:I am a very honest man, aren ' t I?七、反意疑問句的陳述部分為l(We) think(believe, suppose, consider) + that從句時，問句部分的動詞及主語與that從句內的動詞和主語保持一致。如： I think that he has done his best, hasnt he? We think that English is ver

20、y useful, isn八、反意疑問句的陳述部分為I(We) don ' t think(believe, uppose, consider)+ that從句時，從句為否定意義，問句部分的動詞和主語仍與that從句保持一致且用肯定式。如：I don ' t think that you can do it, can you?不用 do I?)We dori t believe that the news is true, is it?(不用 do we?)九、反意疑問句的陳述部分為非第一人稱主語+ think(believe, suppose, consider) + tha

21、t從句時，問句部分的動詞和主語與陳述部分的主句動詞和主語保持一致。如： They all think that English is very imp ortant, don不用 tisey?( it?) He didn ' t think that the news was true, did he?不用 wasn' t/ was it?)十、反意疑問句的陳述部分為主語+said( told, re ported, asked)+從句時，問句部分的動詞和主語與陳述部分的主句動詞和主語保持一致。如:不用elyadn' t you) They said that you

22、had finished your work, didn Kate told you that she would go there, didn不用shw?uidn' t she?)十一、陳述部分的主語為不定代詞something, anything, nothing, everything時，問句部分的主語用it。如:Something is wrong w ith the computer, isnNlhing has happened to them, has it?十二、陳述部分的主語為不定代詞somebody(someone), anybody(anyone), nobody

23、(no one),everybody(everyone)時，問句部分的主語用 he或they，這時問句動詞的數應和he或they 一致。如:Someone has taken the seat, hasn ' t he? Everyone has done their best in the game, haven't they?十三、陳述部分為Let me時，問句部分習慣上用shall I? 或 will you?形式。如:Let me have a try, shall I?(will you?)十四、陳述部分為Let us時，問句部分習慣上用will you?形式。如:L

24、et us stop to rest, will you?十五、陳述部分為Let' s時，問句部分習慣上用shall we?形式。如:Let' s go home together, shall we?十六、陳述部分用上述情況以外的祈使句時，問句部分一般用will you?形式表示請求，用 wori t you？形式表示委婉請求或邀請。如:Do sit down, won ' t you?/ will youYou feed the bird today, will you? PI ease open the window, will you?(won' t y

25、ou?)十七、陳述部分為否定祈使句時，問句部分一般用will you?形式。如:Dori t make any noise, will you?十八、陳述部分為 There (Here) + be +主語時，問句部分用動詞+there(here)?形式。如:t here? There are two cakes on the pl ate, aren'Hlere?s a story about Mark Twain, isn十九、陳述部分用had better +原形動詞表示建議時，問句部分用hadn' t 主語？形式。 You d better tell him about

26、the matter, hadn' t you? We had better do it by ourselves, hadn二十、陳述部分用 used to +主語時，問句部分用didn ' t +主語？或usedn ' t主語？形式。t we? He used to live in the country, didn't he?/usedn ' t he? They used to be good friends, didn' t they?/usedn ' t they?二一、陳述部分用 must(may, might) + hav

27、e + V-ed表示推測時，若句中帶有明顯的過去時間的狀語,問句部分動詞用過去時形式。如: He might have forgotten his pen in the classroom yesterday, didn(不用 mightn ' t he?/ hasn ' t he?)You must have got up late this morning, didn ' t y不用(mustn' t you?/haven ' t you?)二十二、陳述部分用 must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推測時，若句中沒有帶明顯的

28、過去時間的狀語，問句部分動詞用現在完成時形式。如: Everyone must have known the death of the waitress, haven不用hem&stn ' t they?)You must have worked the re a year ago, didn ' t yo用?(mustn' t you?/ haven ' t you?)二十三、陳述部分的主語為從句時，問句部分的主語一般用it代替，如：What he said is true, isn't it?(不用 didn ' t he?)Wher

29、e we will build the dam has not been decided yet, has it?(不用 worf t we?)二十四、陳述部分的主語為動名詞或不定式時，問句的主語用it代替。如: To do one good deed is easy for a p erson, isn't it? Skating is your favorite sp ort, isn't it?主謂一致精練1. Either Jane or Stevenwatch TV now.A. were B. is C. was D. are2. Two daysenough fo

30、r me to finish the work, I need a third day.A. isn ' t B. is C. aret D. are3. How many lessons do you usually haver a day?45 minutes.Six lessons a day. And each of thenA. last B. lasts C. have D. are4. Neither Liping nor Ia basketball pl ayer.A. am B. is C. be D. are5. Theremany new words in les

31、son one,It is very easy.A. is B. aren ' t C. isn ' t D. are6. The number of the students in our school1200.A. is B. are C. has D. have7. Mathsmy favourite subject.A. be B. is C. am D. are8. The boy with the two dogswhen the earthquake rocked the ciry.A. were slee ping B. is slee ping C. was

32、slee ping D. are asle9. Every one exce pt Tom and Johnthere when the meeting began.A. are B. is C. were D. was10. That pl ace is not interesting at all,.A. Neither B. Both C. AllD. Someof us wants to go there.11. Nobody but Janethe secret.A. know B. knows C. have know D. isThere12. What' s on th

33、e pl ate? some eggs and cakes on it?some eggs and cakes on it.mine.A. isB. are C. was D. were13. This p air of glassesA. areB. beC. isD. will be14. Both Lily and Lucyto the p arty yesterday.A. invitedB. was invited C. had invited D. were invirted15. Two monthsquite a long time.Yes, I ' m afraid

34、that he will miss lots of his lessons.A. is B. are C. wasD. were16. In the city the old.A. take good care of B. are taken good care of C. is taken good care of D. are been taken good care of17. His familyall very kind and friendly, His familya happy one.A. are,is B. is,isC. are,are D. is,arecome to

35、Beijing.a new school bag.20. All but onehere just now.18. The singer and the dancerA. has B. haveC. areD. is19. The children in this class eachA. have B. hasC. has got D. are havingA. is B. wasC. has been D. were反意疑問句練習1. You'd rather watch TV this evening, a. isn't it b. hadn't you c. w

36、ouldn't you d. won't you2. I supp ose you're not going today, a. are you b. do you c. don't you d. aren't you3. I wish to shake hands with you, a. shall b. may I c. do I d. will I4. Three hours ought to be enough time, a. oughtn't three hours b. didn't they c. shouldn'

37、;t it d. shouldn't three hours5. They have to study a lot, a. don't they b. haven't they c. did they d. hadn't they6. When the car crashed, your brother esca ped being hurt, a. didn't he b. did he c. did it d. didn't it7. I'm sure dirty, a. am I b. isn't I c. aren'

38、;t I d. am not I8. You seem to be dissatisfied with your p resent p ost. I don't think you judged your ability objectively when you a. do b. did c. don't d. didn'tapp lied for it,you?9. That's the sort of the book you want, a. is it d. isn't that c. is that d. isn't it10. All

39、 these dictionaries are a great help to you, a. are they b. aren't they c. are all these dictionaries d. aren't all these dictionaries11. The movie that we saw last week was quite interesting, a. wasn't it b. was it c. didn't we d. weren't we12. Tom has been writing letters all a

40、fternoon, but he should have finished them by now, a. hasn't he b. has he c. shouldn't he d. didn't you13. David told me that you would take a trip to America, a. would you b. wouldn't you c. did you d. didn't you14. There app eared to be no better way, a. was there b. were there

41、 c. did there d. didn't there句型轉換，根據要求改寫句子。（每題2分，共30分）1、acy asked him to turn down the radio.（對Ml線部分提問 ）Lucy ask him to do?2、hey will finish building the house in two weeks.（對劃線部分提問）they finish building the house.3、Mary does her homework at home in Sunday.（改為一般疑問句 ）Maryher homework at home on Sunday ?4、The old man can hardly dress himself.（改為反意疑問句 ）5、ItThe old man can hardly dress himself,.s ten minutes ' walk from my home to