1、質量管理體系相關術語英中文對照AABC ： Activity-Based Costing作業制成本制度ACC Accept 允收 APQP：Advanced Product Quality Planning 產品質量計劃AQL: acceptable quality level 可接收質量水平AQIP：Academic Quality Improvement Project 質量改進理論方案1 ANOVA （analysis of variance）方差分析ANOVA Models, 方差分析模型AREG 評估從一個時間點到下一個時間點回歸相關時的誤差 ARIMA, 季節和非季節性單變量模型的

2、極大似然估計 ASQC：美國質量學會absolute deviation, 絕對離差Absolute number, 絕對數Absolute residuals, 絕對殘差Action行動Activity活動Acceleration array, 加速度立體陣Acceleration in an arbitrary direction, 任意方向上的加速度Acceleration normal, 法向加速度Acceleration space dimension, 加速度空間的維數Acceleration tangential, 切向加速度Acceleration vector, 加速度向量A

3、cceptable hypothesis, 可接受假設Accumulation, 累積Accuracy, 準確度Actual frequency, 實際頻數Acceptance number 允收數1Adaptive estimator, 自適應估計量Addition, 相加Addition theorem, 加法定理Addition rule 加法運算規則Additivity, 可加性Adjusted rate, 調整率Adjusted value, 校正值Admissible error, 容許誤差Aggregation, 聚集性Alternative hypothesis, 備擇假設Am

4、ong groups, 組間Amounts, 總量Analysis of correlation, 相關分析Analysis of covariance, 協方差分析Analysis of regression, 回歸分析Analysis of time series, 時間序列分析Analysis of variance, 方差分析Analysis Covariance協方差分析Angular transformation, 角轉換Approved承認Appraisal Cost 鑒定費用Appraisal Variation評價變差Arcing, 弧/弧旋Arcsine transform

5、ation, 反正弦變換Area under the curve, 曲線面積Arithmetic grid paper, 算術格紙Arithmetic mean, 算術平均數Arrhenius relation, 艾恩尼斯關系Assessing fit, 擬合的評估Associative laws, 結合律Asymmetric distribution, 非對稱分布Asymptotic bias, 漸近偏倚Asymptotic efficiency, 漸近效率Asymptotic variance, 漸近方差Attribute計數值Attributable risk, 歸因危險度Attribu

6、te data, 屬性資料Attribution, 屬性Autocorrelation, 自相關Autocorrelation of residuals, 殘差的自相關Automatic database recovery數據庫錯誤自動回復audit programme 審核方案audit criteria 審核準則audit evidence 5evidEns 審核證據audit finding 審核發現audit conclusion 審核結論audit client 審核委托方auditee 受審核方auditor 審核員audit team 審核小組Average, 平均數Averag

7、e confidence interval length, 平均置信區間長度Average growth rate, 平均增長率BBSC： Balanced Scoredoard 平衡計分卡 BTF： Build To Forecast 計劃生產 BTO ：Build To Order 訂單生產 BMDP(Biomedical computer programs), BMDP統計軟件包Balance sheet資產負債對照表Bar chart, 條形圖Bar graph, 條形圖Base period, 基期Bayes' theorem , Bayes定理Bell-shaped cur

8、ve, 鐘形曲線Bernoulli distribution, 伯努力分布Best-trim estimator, 最好切尾估計量Binomial二項分配Bias, 偏性Binary logistic regression, 二元邏輯斯蒂回歸Binomial distribution, 二項分布Bisquare, 雙平方Bivariate Correlate, 二變量相關Bivariate normal distribution, 雙變量正態分布Bivariate normal population, 雙變量正態總體Biweight interval, 雙權區間Biweight M-estim

9、ator, 雙權M估計量Block, 區組/配伍組Boxplots, 箱線圖/箱尾圖Body 機構Breakdown bound, 崩潰界/崩潰點Brainstorming Techniques腦力風暴法Business Systems Planning企業系統規劃CCAD/CAM system(計算機輔助設計與制造系統)CHAID -2 Automatic Interaction Detector, 卡方自動交互檢測CL:Center Line中心線CPI: continuous process improvement 連續工序改善CP capability index 能力指數 CPK c

10、apability index of process 模具制程能力參數 CPM ：Critical Path Method 要徑法 CPM ： Complaint per Million 每一百萬個使用者會有幾次抱怨 CR Critical 極嚴重的 CRM ： Customer Relationship Management 客戶關系管理 CRP ： Capacity Requirements Planning 產能需求規劃 CS： Customer Satisfaction 顧客滿意度 CS: customer service 客（戶）服（務）（中心）CSI：Customer Satisf

11、action Index 顧客滿意度指數CTO ： Configuration To Order 客制化生產 CTQ ： Critical to quality 質量關鍵 CWQC: company-wide quality control 全公司質量管理capability 能力Canonical correlation, 典型相關Caption, 縱標目Case-control study, 病例對照研究Categoricalvariable, 分類變量Catenary, 懸鏈線Cauchy distribution, 柯西分布Cause-and-effect relationship,

12、因果關系Cell, 單元Censoring, 終檢Center of symmetry, 對稱中心Centering and scaling, 中心化和定標Centraltendency, 集中趨勢Central value, 中心值characteristic7kAriktE5ristik 特性Chance, 機遇Chance error, 隨機誤差Chance variable, 隨機變量Characteristic equation, 特征方程Characteristic root, 特征根Characteristic vector, 特征向量Chebshev criterion of

13、fit, 擬合的切比雪夫準則Chernoff faces, 切爾諾夫臉譜圖Chi-square test, 卡方檢驗/2檢驗Choleskey decomposition, 喬洛斯基分解Check Sheets檢查表Circle chart, 圓圖 Class interval, 組距Class mid-value, 組中值Class upper limit, 組上限Classified variable, 分類變量Cluster analysis, 聚類分析Cluster sampling, 整群抽樣Code, 代碼Coded data, 編碼數據Coding, 編碼Coefficient

14、of contingency, 列聯系數Coefficient of determination, 決定系數Coefficient of multiple correlation, 多重相關系數Coefficient of partial correlation, 偏相關系數Coefficient of production-moment correlation, 積差相關系數Coefficient of rank correlation, 等級相關系數Coefficient of regression, 回歸系數Coefficient of skewness, 偏度系數Coefficient

15、 of variation, 變異系數Cohort study, 隊列研究Column, 列Column effect, 列效應Column factor, 列因素competence5kRmpEtEns 能力Combination pool, 合并Combinative table, 組合表Common factor, 共性因子Common regression coefficient, 公共回歸系數Common value, 共同值Common variance, 公共方差Common variation, 公共變異Communality variance, 共性方差Comparabili

16、ty, 可比性Comparison of bathes, 批比較Comparison value, 比較值Compartment model, 分部模型Compassion, 伸縮Complement of an event, 補事件Complete association, 完全正相關Complete dissociation, 完全不相關Complete statistics, 完備統計量Completely randomized design, 完全隨機化設計Composite event, 聯合事件Composite events, 復合事件Common cause共同原因Compla

17、int投訴Compound factor調合因素Concept新概念Consumers risk消費者之風險Concavity, 凹性Conditional expectation, 條件期望Conditional likelihood, 條件似然Conditional probability, 條件概率Conditionally linear, 依條件線性Confidence interval, 置信區間Confidence limit, 置信限Confidence lower limit, 置信下限Confidence upper limit, 置信上限Confirmatory Facto

18、r Analysis , 驗證性因子分析Confirmatory research, 證實性實驗研究Confounding factor, 混雜因素Conjoint, 聯合分析Consistency, 相合性Consistency check, 一致性檢驗Consistent asymptotically normal estimate, 相合漸近正態估計Consistent estimate, 相合估計Constrained nonlinear regression, 受約束非線性回歸Constraint, 約束Contaminated distribution, 污染分布Contamina

19、ted Gausssian, 污染高斯分布Contaminated normal distribution, 污染正態分布Contamination, 污染Contamination model, 污染模型Contingency table, 列聯表Contour, 邊界線Contribution rate, 貢獻率Control, 對照Controlled experiments, 對照實驗Conventional depth, 常規深度Convolution, 卷積Confidence interval 信賴區間 Control chart 管制圖 continual improvemen

20、t 持續改進conformity 合格nonconformity 不合格concession 讓步Cross Tabulation Tables交叉表corrective action 糾正措施Corrected factor, 校正因子Corrected mean, 校正均值Correction coefficient, 校正系數Correctness, 正確性 Correlation coefficient, 相關系數Correlation Methods相關分析法Correlation index, 相關指數Correspondence, 對應Counting, 計數Counts, 計數

21、/頻數Covariance, 協方差Covariant, 共變 Cox Regression, Cox回歸Cost down降低成本Criteria for fitting, 擬合準則Criteria of least squares, 最小二乘準則Critical ratio, 臨界比Critical region, 拒絕域Critical value, 臨界值Cross-over design, 交叉設計Cross-section analysis, 橫斷面分析Cross-section survey, 橫斷面調查Crosstabs , 交叉表 Cross-tabulation table

22、, 復合表customer satisfaction 顧客滿意Cube root, 立方根Cumulative distribution function, 分布函數Cumulative probability, 累計概率Curvature, 曲率/彎曲Curvature, 曲率Curve fit , 曲線擬和 Curve fitting, 曲線擬合Curvilinear regression, 曲線回歸Curvilinear relation, 曲線關系Cut-and-try method, 嘗試法Cycle, 周期Cyclist, 周期性DDAS: defect analysis syst

23、em 缺陷分析系統DCC: document control center 文控中心DFSS ：Design for six sigma六個希格瑪設計 DOE: design of experiment 實驗設計DOM: Design of manufactring制造設計 DPM ：Defects per million 每百萬單位的缺點數 DPMO ： Defects per million每百萬個機會的缺點數 DPU ：Defects per unit 單位缺點數 DSS ：Decision Support System 決策支持系統 DUD, 無導數方法Duncan's new

24、 multiple range method, 新復極差法/Duncan新法DVT ：Design Verification Testing 設計驗證 Data數據Data acquisition, 資料收集Data bank, 數據庫Data capacity, 數據容量Data deficiencies, 數據缺乏Data handling, 數據處理Data manipulation, 數據處理Data processing, 數據處理Data reduction, 數據縮減Data set, 數據集Data sources, 數據來源Data transformation, 數據變換D

25、ata validity, 數據有效性Data-in, 數據輸入Data-out, 數據輸出design and development 設計和開發dependability 可信性defect 缺陷Defective次品deviation permit 偏離許可 deviation7背離D test, D檢驗Decision決策、判定Defects per unit單位缺點數Description描述Device裝置Dead time, 停滯期Degree of freedom, 自由度Degree of precision, 精密度Degree of reliability, 可靠性程度D

26、egression, 遞減Density function, 密度函數Density of data points, 數據點的密度Dependent variable, 應變量/依變量/因變量 Dependent variable, 因變量Depth, 深度Derivative matrix, 導數矩陣Derivative-free methods, 無導數方法Design, 設計Determinacy, 確定性Determinant, 行列式Determinant, 決定因素Deviation, 離差Deviation from average, 離均差Detection難檢度Diagnos

27、tic plot, 診斷圖Dichotomous variable, 二分變量die 模具 Differential equation, 微分方程Direct standardization, 直接標準化法Discrete variable, 離散型變量DISCRIMINANT, 判斷 Discriminant analysis, 判別分析Discriminant coefficient, 判別系數Discriminant function, 判別值Dispersion, 散布/分散度Disproportional, 不成比例的Disproportionate sub-class number

28、s, 不成比例次級組含量Distribution free, 分布無關性/免分布Distribution shape, 分布形狀Distribution-free method, 任意分布法Distributive laws, 分配律Disturbance, 隨機擾動項Do執行docunment 文件Dose response curve, 劑量反應曲線 Double blind method, 雙盲法Double blind trial, 雙盲試驗Double exponential distribution, 雙指數分布Double logarithmic, 雙對數Downward ran

29、k, 降秩Downtime停機時間Durometer硬度計Dual-space plot, 對偶空間圖EEC ： Engineer Change 設計變更工程變更 EC ：Electronic Commerce 電子商務 EOQ ：Economic Order Quantity 基本經濟訂購量 EMC ：Electric Magnetic Capability 電磁相容 ERP：Enterprise Resources Plan 企業資源計劃（規劃）EV: Equipment Variation設備變異Effectivenessi5fektivnis 有效性Efficiencyi5fiFEns

30、i 效率Element元素Engineering recbnology工程技術Environmental環境Environmental test 環境測試 Equipment設備Estimated accumulative frequency計算估計累計數External Failure外部失效,外部缺陷FFA: Failure Analysis失效分析FAI first article inspection 新品首件檢查 FAA first article assurance 首件確認 Fact control事實管理FCA:failure criticality analy故障危害度分析c

31、riticalitykri 危險程度FEA: failure effect analysis 故障效應分析FMEA: failure mode and effects analysis 潛在缺陷模式和影響分析（故障型態與效應分析）FMA: failure mode analysis 故障模式分析FMS：Flexible Manufacture System 彈性制造系統 FPY: First-Pass Yield（第一次通過）合格率FQA: final quality assurance 最終質量保證FQC: final quality control 最終質量控制（成品質量管理）最終/成品檢

32、驗Fatigue疲勞Failure rate故障率 Fixture 夾具 Full-steer完全轉向GGauge system測量系統Gage R & R ： Gage repeatability & reproducibility量規重復能力與重制能力 GMP： Good manufacturing practices 良好操作規范GWQC: group-wide quality control 全集團質量管理Grade等級 HHACCP ：Hazard analysis and critical control point 危害分析和關鍵控制點Hypothesis tes

33、ting假設檢定Histogram直方圖IIE: industrialin5dQstriEl research 工業工程IPQC： In-Process Quality Control 制程品質控制（過程檢驗）IQC: incomming quality control 進貨檢驗（進貨質量管理）ISO ： International Organization for Standardization 國際標準組織 ISAR： Initial Sample Approval Request 首批樣品認可 Internal Failure內部失效、內部缺陷Initial review先期審查inte

34、rested party 相關方incoming material to be inspected進貨待驗 infrastructure 基礎設施information 信息inspection 檢驗JJIT ： Just In Time 實時管理 KKRM：Knowledge & Resource Management 知識與資源管理KM ：Knowledge Management知識管理 LLCL: Lower control limit管制下限 LPCL: Lower Per-control Limit前置管制下限 LQC: line quality control 生產

35、線質量控制LSL： Lower Specification Limit 規格下限 MMAJ Major 主要的 MES ： Manufacturing Execution System 制造執行系統 MIN Minor 輕微的 MO ： Manufacture Order 制令 MPS ： Master Production Schedule 主生產排程 MRB Material Reject Bill 退貨單 MRP：Material Requirements Planning 物料需求計劃（規劃）MR：method research 方法研究MRO ：Maintenance Repair

36、Operation 請修(購)單 MRPII：Manufacturing Resource Planning 制造資源計劃 MSA: Measurement System Analysis測量系統分析Machine機械Manage管理Materials物料Measurement測量Median中位數measurement control system 測量控制系統measurement process 測量過程measuring equipment 測量設備metrological confirmation 計量確認metrological characteristic 計量特性metrolo

37、gical function 計量職能micrometer 分厘卡; 顯微量尺; 測微計;千分尺micron micrometer 精密千分尺; 千分尺NNFCF： Notice for Changing Forecast 更改預估量的通知 Normal distribution常態分配 OODM ： Original Design & Manufacture 委托設計與制造 OEM： Original Equipment Manufacture 委托加工 OOBA out of box audit 開箱檢查OPT ： Optimized Production Technology 最

38、佳生產技術 OQC ： Out-going Quality Control 出貨質量管理 （出貨檢驗 ） OR: operation research 工作研究organizational structure 組織結構objecticve evidence 客觀證據Occurrence發生率Operation Instruction作業指導書Organization組織PPCL ：Per-control Central Limit前置管制中心限 PDCA: plan do check action 計劃 執行 檢查 矯正PMP Product Management Plan 生產管制計劃 PO

39、 ： Purchase Order 訂單 PPM: Parts per Million（百萬分之）不良率PQC: process quality control 過程質量控制PQA: Process Quality Assurance制程品質保證Parto柏拉圖Plan計劃Policy方針Population群體Practice實務(踐)Prevention預防Probability機率Probability density function機率密度函數Procedure流程Process過程Process capability analysis制程能力分析（圖）Process control

40、 and Process capability制程管制與制程能力Product產品Production生產Projects項目procedure程序preventive action 預防措施QQA: quality assuranceE5FuErEns質量保證QA: quality audit 質量審核QC: quality control 質量控制QCC: quality control circle 品管圈QE: quality engineering 質量工程QFD ： Quality function deployment 質量機能展開 QIT Quality Improvement

41、 Team 品質改善小組 QMS: quality management system 質量管理體系quality policy 質量方針qulity objective 質量目標qulity management 質量管理qulity planning 質量策劃qulity improvement 質量改進qulity manaul 質量手冊qulity plan 質量計劃qualificaton process 鑒定過程Qaulity Department質量部RRMA： Returned Material Approval 退貨驗收 RMA Return Material Audit 退

42、料認可 ROP ： Re-Order Point 再訂購點 RPN: Risk Priority Number風險系數REE Reject 拒收 Random experiment隨機試驗Random numbers隨機數Range全距（極差）requirement 要求rework 返工regrade 降級repair 返修Reject拒收release 放行record 記錄review 評審Repeatusility再現性，可重復性Reproducibility再生性Requirement要求Responsibilities職責residual stress 殘余應力remaining

43、stress 殘余應力relaxation of residual stress 消除殘余應力Review評審Rolled yield直通率SSCM ：Supply Chain Management 供應鏈管理 SFC ： Shop Floor Control 現場控制 SIP: standard inspection procedure 檢驗標準SL: Size Line規格中心線SO ：Sales Order 訂單 SOR ：Special Order Request 特殊訂單需求 SOP: standard5stAndEd operation procedure 操作標準SPC： Statistical process control 統計過程控制SQA: supplier(source) quality assuran