1、專題三閱讀理解考試大綱要求考綱解讀高中英語教學大綱明確規定“側重提高閱讀能力”，這為我們的備考指明了方向。分析近幾年的要求考生閱讀4 篇短文，高考英語試題，我們不難看出，閱讀理解是高考試從每題所給的選項中選考 查 主 旨 大題中難度最大，區分度最高的題型，自始至終占據出最佳選項。 題材廣泛，意 、 細 節 理著主導地位。閱讀理解能力屬于語言的領會技能，包括科普、社會、文化、解 、 推 理 判它不僅考查對語篇的整體把握能力，而且考查快速政治、經濟等多方面內斷、詞義猜測捕捉信息、準確理解特定細節以及復雜句子的能容。體裁多樣，以記敘等題型。力。不僅要準確理解文章表層的意思，還要通過表文、議論文、說明

2、文為層去推理、判斷。除此之外，還涉及非語言因素，主。如：對所學語言國家的社會和文化背景知識的掌握、生活常識、邏輯知識和語言修養等。江蘇高考閱讀理解近五年考情分布明細統計年份20182017201620152014內容記敘文00100議論文11021體裁11111應用文說明文22212細節理解題77858推理判斷題66376題型20321主旨大意題詞義猜測題12110總結近幾年江蘇高考閱讀理解可知，選材上更注重體現現實生活。 所選文章涉及話題廣，蘊涵豐富的人文、科普知識，具有思想性、人文性、趣味性、實用性等特點和鮮明的時代特色。 文章選材豐富多樣， 注重考查考生在不同的語言背景下靈活運用英語語言

3、知識分析問題和解決問題的能力。設題方式仍以細節理解題和推理判斷題為主，符合考試大綱要求， 推理判斷題的比重有所加大?？傮w來說，語篇的難易度呈現層次性，區分度較高，高分難得，有利于高考選拔。AThe Metropolitan Museum of Art1000 Fifth Avenue New York, NY 10028211-535-7710 EntrancesFifth Avenue at 82nd StreetHoursOpen 7 days a week.Sunday-Thursday 10： 00-17 ： 30Friday and Saturday

4、 10： 00-21 ： 00Closed Thanksgiving Day, December 25, January 1, and the first Monday in May.Admission$25.00recommended foradults,$12.00recommended forstudents， includestheMainBuildingand The Cloisters(an adult.Free with Admission回廊 )on thesame day;freeforchildrenunder12 withAll special exhibitions,

5、as well as films, lectures, guided tours， concerts，gallery talks，and family/childrens programs are free with admission.Ask about todays activities at the Great Hall Information Desk.The Cloisters Museum and GardensThe Cloisters museum and gardens is a branch of The Metropolitan Museum of Art devoted

6、 to the art and architecture of Europe in the Middle Ages.The extensivecollection consists of masterworks in sculpture, colored glass, and precious objects from Europe dating from about the 9th to the 15th century.Hours ： Open 7 days a week.March-October 10： 00-17 ： 15November-February 10：00-16 ：45C

7、losed Thanksgiving Day, December 25, and January 1.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文，介紹了紐約大都會藝術博物館的參觀須知。56.How much may they pay if an 11-year -old girl and her working parents visitthe museum?A.$12.B.$37.C.$50.D.$62.答案C 細 節理 解題 。 根 據題 意并 結合 Admission部分中 的 “$25.00recommended for adults ”“ free for children under 12 wi

8、th an adult可知，他們應 ” 付兩個成年人的門票費用。故選 C。57.The attractionof the Cloistersmuseum and gardens lies in the fact that_.A.it opens all the year roundB.its collections date from the Middle AgesC.it has a modern European-style gardenD.it sells excellent European glass collections答案B細節理解題。根據The Cloisters Museu

9、m and Gardens部分的前兩句可知它吸引人的地方在于它的收藏品可追溯到中世紀，故選B。BIn the 1760s, Mathurin Roze opened a series of shops that boasted (享有 ) aspecial meat soup called consommé .Although the main attraction was the soup,Roze schain shops alsoset a newstandard for diningout, which helped toestablish Roze as the inven

10、tor of the modern restaurant.Today, scholars have generatedlarge amountsof instructiveresearchaboutrestaurants.Takevisualhintsthatinfluence whatweeat:diners servedthemselves about 20 percentmore pasta ( 意大利面食 )whentheirplatesmatchedtheir food.Whena dark -colored cakewasservedon a blackplaterather th

11、an a white one, customers recognized it as sweeter and more tasty.Lighting matters, too.When Berlin restaurant customers ate in darkness, theycouldn t tell how much they d had: those given-largeextrashares ate more thaneveryoneelse,but werenone_the_wiser they didn feeltfuller, and theywere just as r

12、eady for dessert.Time is money, but that principle means different things for different types ofrestaurants.Unlike fast -food places, fine dining shops prefer customers to staylonger and spend.One way to encourage customers to stay and order that extraround: put on some Mozart (莫扎特 ).When classical,

13、rather thanpop,musicwas playing, diners spent more.Fast music hurried diners out.Particular scentsalso have an effect: diners who got the scent of lavender ( 薰衣草 ) stayed longerand spent more than those who smelled lemon, or no scent.Meanwhile, things that you might expect to discourage spending“ ba

14、d” tables,crowding,highprices donnecessarilyt.Dinersatbadtables next to thekitchen door, say spent nearly as much as others but soon fled.It can beconcluded that restaurant keepers need not“ be overly concerned about badtables ，” given that they re profitable.As for crowds, a Hong Kong study found t

15、hat they increased a restaurant reputation,s suggesting great food at fairprices.And doubling a buffet s price led customers to say that its pizza was 11percent tastier.【語篇解讀】本文講述了影響餐飲業效益的幾個因素。58.The underlined phrase “ nonethe wiser ”in paragraph 3 most probably implies that the customers were _. A

16、.not aware of eating more than usualB.not willing to share food with othersC.not conscious of the food qualityD.not fond of the food provided答案A推理判斷題。根據第三段內容可知，在餐館里的燈光昏暗的情況下，顧客判斷不出自己吃了多少食物，即使吃多了也不會覺得飽， 因為他們意識不到自己比平時吃得多。故答案為A。59.How could a fine dining shop make more profit?A.Playing classical music.

17、B.Introducing lemon scent.C.Making the light brighter.D.Using plates of larger size.答案A細節理解題。根據第四段中的“One way to encourage customers tostay and order that extra round ：put on some Mozart.diners spent more可知，”要想讓顧客在餐館多停留、 多消費，餐館可以播放古典音樂， 故 A 項符合題意。 60.What does the last paragraph talk about?A.Tips to

18、attract more customers.B.Problems restaurants are faced with.C.Ways to improve restaurants reputation.D.Common misunderstandings about restaurants.答案D 段落大意題。根據最后一段的首句可知， 人們認為的一些會阻止顧客消費的因素都不一定會是如此；下文圍繞此進行了說明。故本題答案為D 項。CIf you want to disturb the car industry, you d better have a few billion dollars:M

19、om -and -pop carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies.But inagriculture, small farmers can get the best of the major players.By connectingdirectly with customers, and by responding quickly to changes in the marketsas well as in the ecosystems(生態系統 ), small farmers can keep one stepah

20、ead of the big guys.As the co -founder of the National Young FarmersCoalition (NYFC ，美國青年農會 ) and a family farmer myself, I have a front-rowseat to the innovations among small farmers that are transforming the industry.For example, take the Quick Cut Greens Harvester, a tool developedjustacouple of

21、years ago by a young farmer, Jonathan Dysinger, in Tennessee, witha small loan from a local Slow Money group.It enables small-scale farmers toharvest 175 pounds of green vegetables per hour a huge improvement overharvesting just a few dozen pounds by hand suddenly making it possible forthe little gu

22、ys to compete with large farms of California.Before the tool came out,small farmers couldn t touch the price per pound offered by California farms.Butnow, with the combination of a better price point and a generally fresher product,they can stay in business.The sustainablesuccessofsmall farmers,thou

23、gh, won t happen withoutfundamental changestotheindustry.One crucialfactoris secure accesstoland.Competitionfrominvestors, developers,andestablishedlarge farmersmakes owning one s own land unattainable for many new farmers.From 2004 to2013, agricultural land values doubled, andtheycontinue torise in

24、manyregions.Another challenge for more than a million of the most qualified farm workersand managersis a non -existent path to citizenship thegreatest barriertobuilding a farm of their own.With farmers over the age of 65 outnumbering (多于 ) farmers younger than 35 by six to one, and with two-thirds o

25、f the nationsfarmland in need of a new farmer, we must clear the path for talented peoplewilling to grow the nation s food.There are solutions that could light a path toward a more sustainable and fairfarm economy, but farmers can t clumsily put them together before us.We at the NYFC need broad supp

26、ort as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation, as we push for immigration reform, and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farmersfrom all backgrounds.With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress, consumers must take a stand wit

27、h young farmers.【語篇解讀】本文呈現了美國小農場的特點及其目前發展面臨的問題。61.The author mentions car industry, at the beginning of the passage to introduce _.A.the progress made in car industryB.a special feature of agricultureC.a trend of development in agricultureD.the importance of investing in car industry答案B推理判斷題。文章開頭作者提

28、到Mom -and -pop 汽車制造商不可能打敗最大的汽車公司， 以此為例引出文章的主題， 隨后介紹了美國農業的特點，故選 B。62.What does the author want to illustrate with the example in paragraph 2?A.Loans to small local farmers are necessary.B.Technology is vital for agricultural development.C.Competition between small and big farms is fierce.D.Small farm

29、ers may gain some advantages over big ones.答案D細節理解題。根據第二段中的例子和該段中的“suddenly making itpossible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California 可知，小農 ” 場主可以獲得比大農場主更多的好處。故選 D。 63.What is the difficulty for those new farmers?A.To gain more financial aid.B.To hire good farm managers.C.To ha

30、ve farms of their own.D.To win old farmers support.答案C細節理解題。根據第三段中的“One crucial factor.for many newfarmers ”可知，很多新農場主無法獲得他們自己的土地，這是他們的困難所在。故選 C。64.What should farmers do for a more sustainable and fair farm economy?A.Seek support beyond NYFC.B.Expand farmland conservation.C.Become members of NYFC.D.

31、Invest more to improve technology.答案 A 推理判斷題。根據第一段的最后一句以及最后一段中的 “Weat the NYFC need broad support.all backgrounds 可知，”除了需要 NYFC 的支持，農場主還需要獲得其他的幫助。故選A。DChildren asyoung as ten are becoming dependent on social media fortheir sense of self-worth, a major study warned.It found many youngsters ( 少年 ) now

32、 measure their status by how much publicapproval they get online, often through“ likes ” .Some change their behaviour inreal life to improve their image on the web.The reportintoyoungsters aged from8 to 12 wascarried out by Children sCommissioner( 專 員 ) Anne Longfield.Shesaidsocialmedia firms wereex

33、posing childrento major emotionalrisks,withsomeyoungsters startingsecondary school ill-equipped to cope with the tremendous pressure they facedonline.Somesocialappswerepopularamongthechildreneventhoughtheysupposedly require users to be at least 13.The youngsters admitted planningtrips around potenti

34、alphoto -opportunitiesand then messagingfriends andfriends of friends to demand“ likes” for their online posts.The report found that youngsters felt their friendships could be at risk if they didnot respond to social media posts quickly, and around the clock.Childrenaged 8 to 10 were “ startingto fe

35、el happy”when others liked theirposts.However,those in the 10 to 12 age group were “ concernedwith howmany people like their posts， suggesting”a“ need” for social recognition thatgets stronger the older they become.Miss Longfield warned that a generation of children risked growing up“ worriedabout t

36、heir appearance and image as a result of the unrealistic lifestyles theyfollow on platforms, and increasinglyanxiousabout switchingoffdue totheconstant demands of social media”.She said:“ Children are using social media with family and friends and to playgames when they are in primary school.But wha

37、t starts as fun usage of appsturns into tremendous pressure in real social media interaction at secondaryschool.”As theirworld expanded,she said, children compared themselvesto othersonline in a way that was“ hugely damaging in terms of the-irdentity,self in termsof their confidence, but also in ter

38、ms of their ability to develop themselves”.Miss Longfield added:“ Then there is this push to connect if you，go offlinewill you miss something, will you miss out，will you show that you don t careabout those people you are following, all of those come together in a huge wayat once.”“ For children it i

39、s very, very difficult to cope with emotionally.” The ChildrenCommissioner for England s studyLifein Likes found that children as youngas 8 were using social media platforms largely for play.However,the research involving eightgroupsof32 childrenaged 8to12 suggested that asthey headed towardtheirtee

40、ns,they becameincreasingly anxious online.By the time they started secondary school at age 11 children were alreadyfar more aware of their image online and felt under huge pressure to ensuretheir posts were popular, the report found.However, they still did not know how to cope with mean -spirited jo

41、kes, or the sense of incompetence they might feel if they compared themselves to celebrities ( 名人 ) or more brilliant friends online.The report said they also faced pressure to respond to messages at all hours of the day especially atsecondary school when more youngsters have mobile phones.The Child

42、ren s Commissioner said schools and parents must now do more toprepare children for the emotional minefield (雷區 ) they faced online.And shesaid social media companies must also“ take more responsibility” .They shouldeither monitor their websites better so that children do not sign up too early, orth

43、ey should adjust their websites to the needs of younger users.Javed Khan,of children charitys Barnardo s,said: “ It vitals that newcompulsory age -appropriate relationship and sex education lessons in Englandshould help equip children to deal with the growing demands of social media.“ It also hugely

44、 important for parents to know which apps their childrenareusing. ”【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，內容是關于社交媒體對孩子的影響的。65.Why did some secondary school students feel too much pressure?A.They were not provided with adequate equipment.B.They were not well prepared for emotional risks.C.They were required to give quick re

45、sponses.D.They were prevented from using mobile phones.答案 B 細節理解題。根據第二段中的 “social media firms.they faced online”可知，一些中學生感到壓力大的原因是他們沒有準備好應對情感風險。故選B項。 66.Some social app companies were to blame because _.A.they didn t adequately check their users registrationB.they organized photo trips to attract more youngstersC.they e