1、精選優質文檔-傾情為你奉上 2010年考研英語Part B新題型部分，第一次考到了新題型的段落排序題，但是與考研大綱不同的是，這次段落排序題不是5選5，而是6選5，有一個不能選的段落。這是讓廣大考生感到沒有思想準備的一道題。題目要求中明確指出，本題共出現標號從A到G的7個段落，其中E段的位置已經給出，而要求從A, B, C, D, F, G這6個段落中選取5段，并結合已經給的E段，進行排序。 題目的素材。選自2003年第一期麥肯錫周刊(The Mckinsey Quartly)。請注意，這已經是這本注明的經濟管理類雜志第二次入選考研英語試題的素材庫了。原文的名字叫“A wholesale sh

2、ift in European groceries”，翻譯成漢語，為“歐洲日常用品銷售向批發轉型”。整個文章主要描述的目前歐洲的日用消費品零售商(主要是連鎖大超市集團)在歐洲面臨的困境缺乏增長動力。而它們卻忽視了現在消費者的習慣正在發生改變這一事實。下面我們來分析一下新題型這道題的解題方法。AThe first and more important is the consumers growing preference for eating out: the consumption of food and drink in places other than hours has risen f

3、rom about 32 percent of total consumption on 1995 to 35% in 2000 and is expected to approach 38% by 2005. This development is boosting wholesale demand from the food service segment by 4 to 5% a year as the recession is looming large, people are getting anxious. They tend keep a tighter hold on thei

4、r purse and consider eating at home a realistic alternation.B Retail, sales of food and drink in Europes largest markets are at a standstill, leaving European grocery retailers hungry for opportunities to grow. Most leading retails have already tried e-commerce, with limited success, and expansion a

5、board. But almost all have ignored the big profitable opportunity in their own back yard: the wholesale food and drink trade, which appears to be just the kind of market retailers need.C Will such variations bring about a change in overall structure of the food and drink market? Definitely not. The

6、functioning of the market is base on flexible trends dominated by potential buyers. In other words, it is up to the buyer, rather than the seller, to decide. What to buy. At any rate, this change and international consumers, regardless of how long the current consumer pattern will take hold.D All in

7、 all, this clearly seems to be a market in which big retailers could profitably apply their gigantic scale, existing infrastructure, and proven skills in the management of product ranges, logistics, and marketing intelligence. Retailers that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe may well e

8、xpect to rank in substantial profits thereby. At last, that is how it looks as a whole. Closer inspection reveals important differences among the biggest nation market especially in their customer segment and wholesale structures, a as well as the competitive dynamics.E Despite variations in detail,

9、 wholesale markets in the countries that have been closely examined-France, Germanyare made out of the same building block. Demand mainly from two sources: in dependent momand pop grocery stores which, unlike large retail chains, are too small to buy straight when they dont eat at home. Such food se

10、rvice operators, but most of these businesses are known in the trade as “horeca”：hotels, restaurant and cafes. Overall, Europes wholesale market for food and drink is growing at the same sluggish pace as the retail market, but the figure when assed together, mask too opposing trends.F For example, w

11、holesale food and drink sales came to 268 billion in France, Germany, Spain, America in 2000 - more than 40 percent of retail sales. Moreover, average overall margins are higher in wholesale than in retail ; wholesale demand from the food service sector is growing quickly as more Europeans eat out m

12、ore often ;and in the competitive dynamics of this fragmented industry are at last man it feasible for wholesalers to consolidate.G However, none of these requirements should deter large retailers land even some large food producers and existing wholesalers, from trying their hand, foe those that ma

13、ster the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe stand to reap considerable gains.解題步驟與思路：一歸納6個選項的段落大意，同時注意兩個選項之間的聯系。通過閱讀閱讀選項【B】，我們歸納出其中心意思是：歐洲市場的日用品零售市場已經停止，因此大部分零售商已經嘗試電子商務，但是幾乎所有的零售商都無視了日用品的批發業務，認為它應該是一個大的，賺錢的機會。同時我們發現，【F】選項是在具體的說明批發業務給法國，德國，意大利等國家帶來的巨大利益，這兩個選項之間的關系屬于典型的觀點+例證的邏輯關系，所以我們可以選定應該是【B】，然后是

14、F。【B】選項的末句和選項【F】有詞匯上照應，這連個選項之間都出現了wholesale food and drink這幾個關鍵詞。二選項【D】和【G】之間可以憑借同義詞替換來尋找做題的關鍵。因為選項【D】最后一句New skills and unfamilar business models are needed too.和【G】選項中的這幾個詞匯首尾呼應： none of these requirements，屬于典型的同義詞替換+指代原則(none of these )的做題原則。因此這兩個選項應該是先選【D】，再選【G】。三由于【E】選項已經給出，段落排序的原則是重視首末句，通過閱讀末句

15、我們發現，mask two opposing trends（掩蓋了兩個對立的傾向）。而A選項的開頭是提到：The first and more important is the consumers growing preference for eating out: 提到的是消費者一種外出吃飯的偏愛。重要的是用了數字the first指代前面提到的趨勢。所以我們應該先把45題確定為A選項。如果把A選項看成是第一段的同學，根本是在亂選，根據一般的出題規律，沒有這么把最明顯的詞匯放在句首作為做題的重要依據的。四選項【C】的主題是談到市場結構變化的問題，也提到影響市場運轉的因素。但是我們發現沒有出現

16、與前面6段主題一致的中心詞匯，比如；retail, wholesale, food and drink等，它的最大的干擾來自“market”這個詞語，只可惜不是段落的中心詞匯。五現在重要的是BFDG的順序問題。如果一旦錯誤，就會導致四道題全錯。我們發現選項B的末句說大部分大型的零售商無視了wholesale的重要性，即沒有充分意識到它的重要性，屬于典型的首開wholesale food and drink話題的寫作方式，而且在接下來的段落里都是圍繞wholesale這個話題展開的，因此第一段應該選B。六 參考答案：41-45 【B】【F】【D】【G】【A】。 Directions：The fo

17、llowing paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 4145, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list AE to fill in each numbered box. The first and the last paragraphs have been placed for you in Boxes. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET

18、 1. (10 points)A “I just dont know how to motivate them to do a better job. Were in a budget crunch and I have absolutely no financial rewards at my disposal. In fact, well probably have to lay some people off in the near future. Its hard for me to make the job interesting and challenging because it

19、 isnt its boring, routine paperwork, and there isnt much you can do about it.B “Finally, I cant say to them that their promotions will hinge on the excellence of their paperwork. First of all, they know its not true. If their performance is adequate, most are more likely to get promoted just by stay

20、ing on the force a certain number of years than for some specific outstanding act. Second, they were trained to do the job they do out in the streets, not to fill out forms. All through their career it is the arrests and interventions that get noticed.C “Ive got a real problem with my officers. They

21、 come on the force as young, inexperienced men, and we send them out on the street, either in cars or on a beat. They seem to like the contact they have with the public, the action involved in crime prevention, and the apprehension of criminals. They also like helping people out at fires, accidents,

22、 and other emergencies.D “Some people have suggested a number of things like using conviction records as a performance criterion. However, we know thats not fair too many other things are involved. Bad paperwork increases the chance that you lose in court, but good paperwork doesnt necessarily mean

23、youll win. We tried setting up team competitions based on the excellence of the reports, but the guys caught on to that pretty quickly. No one was getting any type of reward for winning the competition, and they figured why should they labor when there was no payoff.E “The problem occurs when they g

24、et back to the station. They hate to do the paperwork, and because they dislike it, the job is frequently put off or done inadequately. This lack of attention hurts us later on when we get to court. We need clear, factual reports. They must be highly detailed and unambiguous. As soon as one part of

25、a report is shown to be inadequate or incorrect, the rest of the report is suspect. Poor reporting probably causes us to lose more cases than any other factor.F “So I just dont know what to do. Ive been groping in the dark in a number of years. And I hope that this seminar will shed some light on th

26、is problem of mine and help me out in my future work.”G A large metropolitan city government was putting on a number of seminars for administrators, managers and/or executives of various departments throughout the city. At one of these sessions the topic to be discussed was motivation - how we can g

27、et public servants motivated to do a good job. The difficulty of a police captain became the central focus of the discussionOrder:G-41-42-43-44-45-F步驟一、理解給定的段落確定文章的文體與結構。理解給定的段落內容(段落中間有轉折詞，看轉折詞所在句;無轉折詞看段首句、第二句，有時包含段尾句)，重點關注動作內容。第G段：A large metropolitan city government was putting on a number of semi

28、nars for administrators, managers and/or executives of various departments throughout the city. At one of these sessions the topic to be discussed was motivation - how we can get public servants motivated to do a good job.利用名詞主體論動作決定論提煉信息為：was putting on a number of seminars “舉行一系列的論壇”;the topic to

29、be discussed was motivation “供討論的主題是主動性”. 表明該段敘述“議題”，確定本文是議論文。步驟二、理解供排序的段落確定段落的內容方向。理解供排序段落內容(段落中間有轉折詞，看轉折詞所在句;無轉折詞看段首句、第二句，有時包含段尾句)，重點關注動作內容。第A段：“I just dont know how to motivate them to do a better job. Were in a budget crunch and I have absolutely no financial rewards at my disposal.利用名詞主體論動作決定論提煉信息為：motivate them to do a better job“鼓勵他們作好工作”;budget crunch“預算危機”; no financial rewards“經濟獎勵”. 表明該段敘述“(自己的)對策”第B段：“Finally, I can