1、（一）狀語從句概述定義狀語從句用作狀語，是起副詞作用的句子。位置狀語從句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后， 時間、條件、原因和讓步狀語從句放在句首時需要用 逗號和主句隔開。分類根據(jù)其作用可以分為時間、地點(diǎn)、原因、條件、目的、 讓步、方式和比較等狀語從句。作用它可以修飾謂語、非謂語動詞、定語、狀語和整個句 子。（二）狀語從句詳解1. 時間狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例whe n意為“當(dāng)?shù)臅r候”。A liar is not believed whe nWhen引導(dǎo)從句的謂語動he speaks the truth.說謊者詞可以是延續(xù)性動詞，也講真話時也沒有人相信?？梢允撬查g動詞。并且When he a

2、rrives , I'll call you.when有時表示“就在那Whe n you laugh and smile,時”while意為“在的時候，在While I was sta nding at the的同時”。While引導(dǎo)從句win dow, I saw several boys的謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性running along the street.your body relaxes.的，發(fā)生時間較長，并強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動作同時發(fā)生（或者相對應(yīng)）。While有時還可以表示對比。as意為“一邊一邊”。As引導(dǎo)的動作是延續(xù)性的，發(fā)生時間較短，一般用于主句和從句動作同時發(fā)生；as

3、也可以強(qiáng)調(diào)一前While John was watchingTV, his wife was cook ing.The writer was angry as hewas travelli ng on a train toLondon because someonehad inv aded his sp ace ”.He smiled as he stood up.一后。after意為“在之后”。表示主With many hungry visitors句動作發(fā)生在從句動作之waiting, don ' stay too后。主句與從句的動作時long at your table afte

4、r間關(guān)系與before引導(dǎo)的you have fini shed.從句相反。If an early exit is n ecessary,you can leave after a sce ne is over.before意為“在之前”。引導(dǎo)的You can 'watch TV before從句不用否定形式的謂you finish your homework.語，并且當(dāng)before引導(dǎo)的Before it en ded, the從句位于主句之后，有時theatre was almost empty.譯成“就，才”。當(dāng)主句用將來時，從句總是用現(xiàn)在時；如果before引導(dǎo)的從句謂語用的是

5、過去時，則主句動詞多用過去完成時，這樣以便體現(xiàn)動作的先后。till意為“直到”。一般情況下可以和until互換。如果主句中的謂語動詞是瞬時動詞時，必須用否定形式;如果主句中的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞時，用肯定和否定形式都可以，但表達(dá)的意思不同。until意為“直到”。在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中多用until。如果主句中的謂語動詞是瞬時動詞時，必須用否定形式；如果主句中的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞時，用肯定和否定形式都可以，但表達(dá)的My father had left forCan ada just before theletter arrived.She didn 'even know thatit was

6、an earthquake tillshe saw ashak ing(movi ng from side to side)light.The fireman worked veryhard till the fire was out.I'm wait ing for my sister. Iwon ' go to see my uncleun til she comes.Wait un til I finish what I amdoing.意思不同。since意為“自從，從以來”。引導(dǎo)從句的謂語動詞可以是延續(xù)性的動詞，也可以是瞬時動詞。一般情況下,從句謂語動詞用一般過去時，

7、而主句的謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時。但在It is +時間+since從句的句型中，主句多用一般現(xiàn)在時。as soonasI have bee n study ing hardsince I entered the highschool.It is four years since mysister lived in Beiji ng.It is five years mon thssince our boss was not inBeiji ng.意為“一就”。引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時，如果主句用了將來時，從句一般使用現(xiàn)在時。2.地點(diǎn)狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法Tom will call me as soon a

8、she gets home.I will call you as soon as Iarrive.示例where意為“哪里”?！皐here弓I導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語從句，（there+ ）主句”“哪里哪里就”。主句在從句后面時，there可用可不用；主句在從句的前面時，一般都不用there.Where there is a will,there is a way.Theyweregoodpersons.Wheretheywent, there theywerewarmly welcomed.You should have put thebook where youfou ndit.wherever意為“

9、無論何地”any where/wherever引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句+主句0any where 本身是個副詞,但是常可以引導(dǎo)從句，相當(dāng)于連詞，意思相當(dāng)于wherever, any where 弓丨導(dǎo)的從句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。而wherever 本身就是個連詞，表示“在何處，無論何處”。Wherever the sea is, youwill find seama n.1'1 go any where you go.3.條件狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例if連詞，意為“假如，如果”Don ' talk loudly at the當(dāng)主句是將來時的時候,meeti ng. If y

10、ou do, you will從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時。have to leave.We' go for a picnic if itdoesn 'rain this weekend.un less連詞，意為“除非（=ifnot ）。當(dāng)主句是將來時的時候，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在Don 'discussthep roblemswithyourpartneruni ess youare時。asked to do so.I won 'go there uni ess you come with me.4.原因狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例as意為“因為”。引導(dǎo)原因狀A(yù)s the weat

11、her is cold, I語從句時表示附帶。說明stay at home.“雙方已知的原因”，語氣As it is raining,you '比since 弱，較為正式，better take a taxi.位置較為靈活（常放于主As you are tired, you '句之前）。better rest.sin ce意為“因為” 0引導(dǎo)的原因Since the earth looks like a狀語從句一般放于主句之ball, the sun can shine on前表示已知的、顯然的理only half of it at a time.由（通常被翻譯成“既Si ne

12、e the race is in Ap ril, I然”），較為正式，語氣比had to run throughout thebecause 弱。win ter,and inBost on,wi nters are cold.Since everybody is here.Let's begi n our meeti ng.because意為“因為” 0引導(dǎo)的原因The woma n p refers wi nter狀語從句一般放于主句之because she can skate.后，表述直接原因，語氣1' like to collect stamps較強(qiáng)，最適合why引導(dǎo)的b

13、ecausetheyare疑問句。Because引導(dǎo)的in teresti ng.原因狀語從句有時可以與Im very tired these daysbecause of 短語互換。because ofstudy ingp hysics.He can 'come because heis ill. = He can' comebecause of his ill ness.for意為“因為”。引導(dǎo)的原因He must be ill, for he is狀語從句并不說明主句行為發(fā)生的直接原因，只提供一些輔助性的補(bǔ)充說明，for引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句只能放于主句之后,并且必須用逗號將

14、其與主句隔開。5.目的狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法so that意為“以至，以便”。目的狀語的謂語常含有may, might, can, could,should, would等情態(tài)動詞。abse nt today.He could not have seenme, for I was not there.示例Try to sp eak loud eno ughso that people canyou clearly.hearGree nspeaksverysothat allthe!canhearhimMr.loudlypeopleclearly.in orderthat意為“為了”，相當(dāng)于soth

15、at. i n order to 后面可以跟動詞原形構(gòu)成目的狀語，不是目的狀語從句。6.結(jié)果狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法We shall let you know thedetails soon in order thatyoucan/maymake aarra ngeme nts.示例so that意為“如此以至于”。This year it has rained soso+ adj./adv.原級 +that,heavily in South Chinaso是副詞，只能修飾形容that lots of p roblems are詞和副詞。so還可與表示caused.數(shù)量的形容詞many, few,T

16、he ice on the lake wasmuch, little（這四個形容詞so thin that people表示多或少時）連用,形成固couldn 'skate on it.定搭配。so+ many 或Too often, we spend sofew+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that;much time thinkingso+ much 或 little+ 不可about the future that we數(shù)名詞+that.fail to enjoy the p rese nt.There are so fewnotebooksthat I can 'give you a

17、ny.such.that意為如此以至于。It' such a wonderful有三種結(jié)構(gòu)：song that we all like it.such+a(a n)+adj.+ 單數(shù)不Sim on is such dish on est可數(shù)名詞 +that;person that no onesuch(+adj.)+ 不可數(shù)名詞believes him.+that; such( + adj.) + 復(fù)The boy is so young that數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that, such 是he can 'go to school.=形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞詞He is such a y

18、oung boy組。有時可與sothat句that he can' go to型轉(zhuǎn)換。school.7.讓步狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例though意為雖然。不能和butSo it has lived up to now連用。但是可以同yet(still)though it isn't strong at連用，構(gòu)成all.though yet(still).Though they are twinthough 較普遍，常用于非brothers, they don 'look正式的口語和書面語中。like each other.even能和though 組合表Eve n if/

19、 Eve n though we示強(qiáng)調(diào)，在這里evencould afford it, we wouldthough=eve nif(noafford it, we would n 'gomatter if; though 即使也）。though 可以獨(dú)立用 作副詞，常放在句末，意為all the same（還是；仍然） 或however（可是；然而）。abroad for our vacati on.although意為雖然。不能和butAlthoughhedied連用。但是可以同yet（still）several years ago, I can連用，構(gòu)成still remembe

20、r the daysalthough yet(still).we spent together andalthough較為正式，語氣what he has taught me比though重，常用以強(qiáng)調(diào)about love.讓步概念。even不能和Although we had littlealthough 組合。food with us, we decided to spend the ni ght in the car.8.比較狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例as as.意為“和一樣”表示同She is very good at級的比較。使用時要注意pain ti ng. She can paint

21、 as第一個as為副詞，第二個well as here teacher.as為連詞。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為:I ran out as quickly asas+adj./adv. 原級 +as 。若P ossible.有修飾成分，如twice,three times, half, aquarter等，則須置于第一個as之前。not as /意為“和不一樣，不如”。She is not so (as )so as也表示同級比較。outgo ing as her sister.Thisdictio naryis not as/so useful as you think.9.方式狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例as/

22、(just)as.s意為猶如，就像。引When in Rome, do aso導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句通常the Roma ns do.位于主句后，但在As water is to fish, so(just)as.so結(jié)構(gòu)中位air is to man.于句首，這時as從句帶有比喻的含義，意為“正如，就像”，多用于正式文體。as if/ as意為“就像，好像”。兩If would never forgetthough者的意義和用法相同，引here smile, or the way出的狀語從句謂語多用her eyes shone as if we虛擬語氣，表示與事實相were the same ag

23、e.反，有時也用陳述語氣,It looks as if the表示所說情況是事實或weather may p ick up實現(xiàn)的可能性較大。常譯very soon.作“仿佛似的，好像似的”。練習(xí)一.單項填空1.he' old, he can still carry this heavy bag.A. Though B. Since C. For D. So2. -Do you know if heto play basketball with us?free tomorrow.-I thi nk he will come if heA. comes; is B. comes; will

24、 be C. will come; is D. will come; will be3. In the zoo if a childinto the water and can' swim, thedolphins may come uphim.A. will fall; to helpB. falls; to help C. will fall; helpD. falls;hel ping4. I don 'rememberhe worked inthat city whenhe wasyoung.A. what B. whichC. where D. whoto visit

25、 us tomorrow.5. We will stay at home if my auntA. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming6. The p olice asked the childre ncross the streetthetraffic lights turned gree n.A. not; before B. don ' whenC. not to; untilD. not; after7. I was late for class yesterdaythere was someth ing wrongwith my b

26、ike.A. whe nB. that C. un tilD. becausefree tomorrow.8. I 'll go swimming with you if IA. will be B. shall be C. am D. was9. In the exam, theyou are,themistakes youwill make.A. careful; littleB. more careful; fewest C. more careful;fewer D. more careful; lessyou go out to play.10. You should fin

27、ish your less onsA. before B. after C. whe nD. while11. I hurriedI would n 'be late for class.D. uni essA. since B. so that C. as if19.well you can drive, you must drive carefully.12. Whe n you read the book, you'better make a markyouhave any questi ons.D. thoughA. which B. that C. whereall

28、the stude nts could hear13. The teacher raised his voice him.A. for B. so that C. becauseD. i n order14. He took off his coathe felt hot.A. because B. asC. if D. since15. It isthat we'like to go out for a walk.A. a lovely dayB. too lovely a dayC. so lovely a dayD.such lovely a day16. Mary hadmuc

29、h work to do that she stayed at her officeall day.A. such B. so C. too D. very17.I felt very tired, I tried to fin ish the work.A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if18.the day went on, the weather got worse.A. With B. Si nee C. While D. AsA. So long asB. In order that C. No matter howD. Themome ntto

30、 Beiji ng.20. Write to me as soon as youA. will get B. get C. getti ng D. got.根據(jù)中文意思完成下列英語句子1.不管他跟我開什么玩笑，我都不生氣。I am not angry with him,jokes heonme.2. 布魯斯太太對學(xué)生非常親切，以至于學(xué)生把她當(dāng)做母親。Mrs Bruce waskind to her stude ntstheyhertheir mother.3. 只要我們竭盡全力，父母就會滿意我們的表現(xiàn)。Our parents will be pl eased with our p erform

31、a neewe try our best.4. 你一到上海就給我打個電話好嗎?Will you pl ease call me you get to Shan ghai.5. 這個七歲的女孩酷愛鋼琴，以至于他已經(jīng)堅持練習(xí)兩年了。The seve n-year-old girl likes p layi ng the piano she has kept p raetie ing for two years.6. 雖然她很忙，他還堅持自學(xué)英語。,she kept on learningEnglish byherself.6 .They did n't start the workthei

32、r teacher came back.7. 他長大后相當(dāng)一名記者。He wants to be a journ alist8. 無論刮風(fēng)下雨，我們的老師總是第一個到校。wi ndy or rainy, our teacher is always the first to get toschool.9. 如果人人為保護(hù)環(huán)境做出貢獻(xiàn)，世界將會變得更美好。to P rotect ing the en vir onment,the world will become much more beautiful.10. 李明昨天沒來上學(xué)，因為他病了。Li Ming did n 'come to s

33、chool練習(xí)二1. The meeti ng did n't startevery one was there.A. becauseB. un tilC. why D. if2 .The boyto bedhis mother came in.A. went not; un til B. did n't go; after C. went; un til D. did n't go; un til3. I won't believe youI have see n it with my own eyes.A. before B. un til C. after

34、 D. when4 .Hehomeshe was satisfiedhis an swer yesterday.A. did n't go; un til; withB. was n't go; after; toD. did n't go; un til; todone.C. does n't go; before; with5 .Heback un til the workA. is n't; will be B. is n't; is C. won't be; will be D. won't be; isA. un til

35、 B. while C. as soon as D. if7. Tom will call me as soon as heShan ghai.A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives in D. get to8. I'm sure he'll come to see me before heBeiji ng.A. will leave B. is leav ing C. leave D. leaves9. I will tell him the n ews as soon as he back.A. come B. comes C. will c

36、ome D. came father.10. Tom has got a watch. Heit fortwo years. Itby hisA. has bought; was bought B. has got; is bought , C. was bought;has bought . D. has had; was bought "'11. Whe n he got to the stati on, the trainA. left B. had left C. leaves D. has left12. The boy told his father what h

37、ein the street.A. saw B. have see n C. had see n D. see13.WeTV when the tele phoneA. watched; was ringing B. were watchi ng; rang C. watch; rings D.are watchi ng; rang14. By the end of last term, Iten books.A. had fini shed readi ng B. have finish readi ng C. had finish to read D.finish read15. Iyou

38、 for a long time. Whereyou?A. did n't see; did; go B. did n't see; have; gon eC. have n't see n; have;bee n D. have n't see n; have; gone16. TomChi na for 3 years.A. has bee n B. has bee n in C. has bee n to D. has bee n at17. I won't go to see the film toni ght, because Imy tick

39、et.A. lost B. have lost C. will lose D. did n't lose 18.-Hello! May I speak to Bob?-Sorry, but hefor a month.A. had bee n away B. was left C. left D. has bee n away19. Ihim since I bega n to live in the city.A. know B. have known C. knew D. will know2O.Zhao Lanalreadyin this school for two years

40、.A. was; study ing B. will; study C. has; studied D. are; study ing21.Betty did n't go to see the film yesterdayshe was ill.A. because B. but C. un til D. if22 May I sit nearerI can see more clearly?A. as if B. so that C. eve n if D. so23. you work hard, you will certa inly succeed.A. Though B.

41、If C. Because D. For24. he came to study in the university, he has made much p rogress in the study of En glish.A. While B. When C. Si nee D. After25. I'd like to go swimmi ngthe water is not too cold.A. for B. uni ess C. if D. whether26. There aremany league members in class 2in Class 4.A. both

42、; and B. 'so; that C. either; or D. as; as 27. -Do you have a big library?-No, we don't. At least, no t yours.A. as big as B. as big tha n C. as bigger tha n D. bigger as28. Suzhou is notbeautifulHan gzhou.A. as; tha n B. so; as C. eve n; tha n D. /; tha n29. Ir on is more usefulany other me

43、tal.A. as B. than C. then D. so30. I want to knowshe is going to see a film.A. if B. that C. what D. which31. You are sure to p ass the examyou study hard.A. if B. thoughC. that D. since32. I'll go to see the film with youI have time this eve ning.A. whether B. so C. if D. when33.you study harder, you'll n ever p ass the final exam.A. If B. U ntil C. U niess D. Exee pt34. Although it was raining.still worked in th