1、實驗一一 Linux常用命令、Shell編程班級：網絡14-2 學號姓名:一、實驗目的掌握Linux常用命令的用法；(2)掌握Shell的簡單編程。二、實驗內容1.完成下列命令的使用，并給出使用示例。林浩強成績:sudo文件(F)城龜(E)杳看(V)搜秦(習線端m fflShfH) rflotyj-virtual-machine：» suda sj yjyj-virtual-machine:/roots |fdisk -l畫。 - "29 A訪客曲m亠斗1S31 A訪容誓yj-1rootyj-virtual-nachvne："# sudo

2、 su yiyjvirtual-machine:/roots fdisk yj(3yj virtual-machine: /rocjt$ sudo su sudo password for yj:rootgyj-virtual-nachtne:-# fdtsk -XDisk /dev/sda: S3,7 GB, 53587091206 bytes2SS heads 63 sectors/track, 6S27 cylinders, total 194357600 sectors units =扇區 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector sl.ze CXogtcal/phys

3、twT):1/0 size (nlninun/optinaT):Disk Identifier;S12512 byt« / 512 bytes bytes /512 bytesGxaao6e3S9設備啟動/dev/sdai/tlev/sda2/dev/sdaS/dev/sdab起點 2日48 S5S27S7e 05327872 9177Z928終占-M PR hlS53Z5S23 104SSSS5191770079 1043SSS51塊數 Id4Z661838 9763841 3221504 6S41312系統S35擴展02 Linux 交換 / SoVari83LinuxnsLin

4、uxrootflyj'virtual'nachtne:-#mount（將一個U盤掛載到系統）Terminal File Edit View Search Terminal Help Device /dev/sdal /dev/sdaz /dev/sdaSBootStart2 &4馥 3984733 35847536End 39&4S837 41946991 41946991Sectors 3984384020930582093OSeSize15C 1盹2M 1922HIdS3532TypeLinuxExtendedLtnuK p / Solaris15 ClB,

5、 lGe37?6992Obytes512 bytes / 512 bytes bytes / 512 byteaDisk /dev/sdb:Units: sectorsSector size (logical/physlcal):I/O size (ninlmun/optinal.); 512 ctskiabel type： dosDisk Identifier: 0x24fld24acof 1 * 512 = 512bytes, 31324169 sectorsDevice Boot StartEnd/dev/Sdbl *784384 313Z4159root(jbuntu：/hone/mi

6、ke# nkdtr usb roQtubuntu:/hane/nike# IsDesktQpDownloadsMusicDocunents examples.deskto rootubuntu:/hone/nlke# * root電ubuntu:/horie/mlke# IsDesktopDownloadsDocunents examples.desktop rootubuntu:/hone/nike# IsDesktopDownloadsDociuinents exai*)ples. desktopI' roQtubuntu:/hane/nike# cd usbrootubuntiK

7、/hopie/nlke/usb# IsI Sectors Size Id Type3053977* 14.6G 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFATPractice Tenplat«s ;top Ptctures Public testl.shtextl.txtU£bvideosHustc PicturesMusic PicturesPractice PublicPractice PublicTenplates testl.shTenplates testl.shtextl.txtVideosvideostouchrootubuntu:/hane/nike/usb#選課系域設

8、計報告文杵（F）編輯舊 e看沖）擺索弊薦幫助（H）fileroot(yj-vrrtual-machine:-rootyj*vlrtuaV-nachine:-# pwd/rootrootyj-vlrtual-nachlne:touch test,txt raotyj-vlrtual-nachlne:Lscore r益共的桓馥觀頻圖片文檔rootyj-vlrtual-nachine:|TS音樂桌血rootfWypvirtual-machine： <15:41 A 訪W -flrootgy-virtual-piachtne:-# pwd /root rootyj*vlrtual-piachln

9、e:Is core test* txt 公共的 模板 決頻Ben 文檔 rootgy - virtual-nachtne：-# file twst + St test.txt： emptyrootyj-virtual -niachlne: '#下載音樂桌面CP+1S:42 AiSgsI BIm已c rootvlrtuakmachtne:/ rootgyj - virtual-piachtre:fl pwd /root rootyi- virtual-piachire:-# Is core rootyj -virtual -piachire:-# test.txt: empty root

10、yj -virtual -piachire:-# root前yj-virtual-machine:-# rootyj-virtual. -piachlre: /# bln boot cdron dev rootyj- virtual-piachire:/# file test.txt test.txt: empty rootyj-vlrtual-piachire: /# |test.txt 公共的模扳觀a圈片 file test.txt文檔TS音樂桌帀畐團B圜rmcpcdIstest.txtetclibhonellb52Inltrd Angllb64Inltrd Ang.old lost+fo

11、undnedla nnt opt procrootrun sbln sellnuxsrv sys sasusrvar vnltnuz vnllnuz *old文件(F塢軻(日S看沖)搜索|端(1)嵇®(拘彖壬 ro01Cyj-virtual-machene: / rooty - virtual - (machine:-# Is core test.txt扯共的模板視麺圖片 rootyj-virtual -machinetouch move rootyj-virtual-nachlne:Is core nove test *txt 共的 rooty - virtual - (machi

12、ne mv rootv-virtual-machineIIs core test.txt 公# 商 rootyj * virtual-nachine;-# cd rootyj-virtual-nachtne:/# Is bin boot cd ron dev_rootyj-virtufll-nachine:/# |15：S A訪客文檔音樂桌面繽板move視頻ffl片文檔音樂桌面視如圖片文檔Tfl音樂桌面etclibhoje111132Inttrd.Ingltb64Inttrd Ang .old lost+found文件(F)編輯(日 查看w)權黨：按端m O蘑 rootyj-vtrtuaI-m

13、achine; / rootyj-virtual-nachine:/# Is bin boot cd ron devetclibhoneltb32Inltrd Anglib64tnltrd*Ing *old lost+foundrootyj-virtual-nachine:/# rn rootyj-virtual-nachine:/# Is bln boot cd ron devnedla nntoptnedla nnt nove opttest.txtetcItbhon«Itb52tnttrd Angltb64inttrd *Ing * old lost+foundroot 電yj

14、 vii'tual-nathine: /#proc rootrun sbtnprocrootrun sbinsellnuK srv systest.txtS3!usrvar vnllnuzvnitnuz rolfjB S3 V 十 15:46 A 訪客seltnux srv sys test.txtusrvar vnllnuzvnllnuz.oldnedia nnt nove optproc rootrun sbtnselinux srvusrvar vnllnuz vnllnuz.oldmkdirOG rootyJ-vIrtuaUmachlne: rootgyj-virtual-ma

15、chine: fit cd /root rootyj-virtual-machine:-# Is core test.txt 公共的模板視頻圖片文檔 rootgy 3 - virtual - machine： -ft mkdir qqhb rooteyj-virtual-machine:-# Iscore fniE test.txt 公ft 的模板 SS ffl 片 rootgy J virtual -piachtne: r#文檔rmdiriSSbJ上文件(F)編輯(日SWV)搜露(S)終運CO幫助(H)護亠亠 roQt(y-virtuaLmachine: * rootyj-virtual-P

16、lachtne:-# Is core qqhb test.txt公拄的模坂視類 rooteyj vtrtuaL-Piachtne:-# cd qqhb rootgyj-vtrtuaL-machine:/qqhb# Is hb qq rootgyj-vtrtuaL-machine:/qqhb# cd rooteyj-vtrtuaL-Piachtne:-# rn -tr qqhb rn：是否進人目錄"qqhb"? y rn:是否刪除目親"qqhb/hb" ? y rn：是否S傑普通空支件"qqhb/qq"? y rn:是否刪除目錄&quo

17、t;qqhb"? y rootevj-vtrtuL-nachtne:Is core test.txt公共的橡遲空上片 rooteyj-vtrtuV-nachtne:QSISHWI rootyj- virtual.nachtne:Is core hbqq test* txt公共的樓皈W頻 rootyj'vtrtuL-nachtne:ff r(*idl hbqq rooteyj'Virtual'Piachtne:ff Is core test.txt公共的模板覆頻圖片 rootyj'Virtual'tiachtne:ff |ffl片catchmod

18、rm：文檔00片文檔文杵編輯(曰査石WJ挨宛is(T)幫叭HJ鞋 4 宀 rootyj-virtual-machine: « rootyj-vlrtoal.-PiachtDe:# l£ core testaxt公共的模板視«圖片 rootyj-vlrtuaX-nachtrte:ff vt test*txt rootgyj-virtualnachlne:ff cat test.This Is a test file to use the connand SS root鹽j*virtualmachine:ff文檔音樂桌面下a音樂桌面15:54 A訪客外文檔T«

19、;文檔THTfi音樂桌面音樂桌面TSS音樂桌面音樂桌面下S音樂桌面rootubuntu; /home/mike/practkerootubuntu:/hone/ntke/practlce# Istestl.sh testz.sh te&t3.sh test4.sh testgedlt* txt testvV * txt rootubuntd/hone/ntke/practtee# Is -1 testl,shWX'1 root root 217 Nov 1 07:15 testlsh rootubuntu:/hone/ntke/practice# chnod +r testl.

20、sh rootubuntui/hone/mike/practice# Is -T testl.sh -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 217 Nov 1 07:15 testl.sh rootubuntu;/home/mike/practice# |In（并說明軟硬鏈接的區別）A訪客4096 13月 28drwxr-xr-x 2 root rootrootV3-virtual.-machine:In test.txt1:51桌面tlnkfj*virtual-nachlne:# Is *128216-rw Irwxrwxrwx -rw-r-r-rw-r- -r- drwxr-xr-x

21、 drwxr-xr-x drwxr-xr-x drwxr-Kr-x drwxr-xr-x clrwxr*xr-x drwxr-xr-x drwxr-xr-x222Z z z2222root root root root root root root root root root root rootroot root root root root root root root r oot root root rootZS352224845454096409640964090 4&9640964G964096前月L洞"月茁月1月 I月 L月10月 1月 1月1月 13月Z8282

22、8JS S5528S5S zs15:31ie：071S:5615:56201520152015 15：ZS201520152015 14:51erQct X 就的-A test.txtrootgyj-virtual-machine:-# 總用B 28216 10456&2 1040794 1043795 104379S 1048599 1048sse 1040603 1048602 1O406OC 1048597 14801 1043596-rwIrwxrwxrwx-w- -”- drviKr-Kr-x drwxr-xr-x drwxr-xr-x drwxr-xr-x drwxr-xr

23、-x drwxr'xr”x drvixr -xr -M drwxr-xr-x112222222222root root root root root root root root root root root rootIs -Ilroot root root root root root root root root root root root2835222484S45 4096 4696 4096 4096 4096 4096 49& 4096月月月月月月月月月月月月1111 1 12S2923Z95552a5552B15:3116:0715156 is：se2015201

24、52015 15:26ZGIS20152015 14:51*> test.txtrootfiyi*virtual-nachlne:#tar（壓縮、解壓）文件舊編輯(日搜索集輪 rootyj-virtual-nachine:Is _ corellnkftlez公共的視頻Itnkfllel test.txt 樓板 圖片 rootgyj-virtual-nachine:tar -cf rooty-virtual-machine:Is coreXinkfile2 test.txtItnkfilel公共的rootyi*vlrtual-nachlre:tarrooty-virtual-machine

25、:tar -rw-r-r- root/root45Icwxrwxrwx root/root9hrw-r-r root/root3rootflyjvirtual-nachtne:IIS文檔 下載 tarfllel* tar-tgrepIM ® Q斗16:21 i訪盲test.tut link代lei llnkflleZ闕魏p桌面tarfiTel,tar-tvf tarfilel.tar 016-10-28 zoie-io-2a 2016-10 23test.txt15:5616107 Hrkftlei -> testtxt15:56 LipkfiLe2 連接到 test.txtT

26、erminaL File Edit View Search Terminal Help片宀 r roocubuntu: /rootubuntu:/fl cat /etc/passwd | grep 亠ntke:x:iaoo： ia0G:MikesUbuntu，*: /hone/nlke: /t>lp/bash rootubuntu:grep nike /etc/passwd:X:1000:190O:Mtke5Ubuntu J,:/hone/ :/bin/bash rootubuntuj/fl |tf 41) 0&:53findTermtn? Terminal Fite Edit

27、Vitw Search Terminal Help © * r roocubuntu: /home/mike roQtubuntu:/hane/mike# IsDesktop Downloads Docuncnts exapiples. desktop roatubuntu:/hane/mlke# find -rwKr*xr-x 1 root root 47 MovE F rootubuntu:/hone/nlke# find textl*txt 阿曲（textlntxt rootubuntu:/hane/mlke# |KjKMusicPractlce TenplatesPictur

28、es Publit-nane ”*.如"-exec Is -1 1 06:25 testl.shtwstl.shtextl.txt Videos06:3e2.使用vi和gedit文本編輯器分別編輯一段文字。vi06:54Termini lerminaL File Edit View Search Terminal HelpE ' rootubuntu: /home/mikeffThls ts a text file to make a example of command "vt"06:55Termtn?' Terminal Fik Edit Vi

29、ew Search Terminal Help對I雷 © o rootcubuntu: /hcme/mikerootubuntu:/hone/mlke# vl testvi*txt rootgubuntu:/hone/i*ilke# cat testvi.*txtWSThls ts a text file to make a example of connand "vt rootubuntu:/hone/mike# |geditt> $ 則 oe：s7 進* testgedlt.txtopensavePlain Text Tab Width: eLn IpColSSI

30、NSITerm Ire Terminal File Edit View Search Terminal HelproQtubuntu: /home/mike_ rootLbuntu:/hone/nlke# gedit testgedlt*txt* (gedlt:3776): WARNING *: Set document metadata failed: Setting attribute net ;:gedlt-position not supportedrootubuntu:/hone/ntke# IsDesktopDownloads rootubuntu;/hone/mlke# #Thl

31、s Is a text file to root電ubuntu:/hone/nlkewexanpl.es. desktop Pr acttce MusicPicturestestl, shtestgedtt * txt videos Templates testVt.tXtfake a example of command "gedit"Public3.編寫shell腳本，將變量 X的值設置為100，并分別輸出X的值和“ $X=X的值”，即X=100$X=100Termfns Terminal File Ed讓 View Search Terminal Helpti * 4

32、1) 07:04 O呂 勺 roocubuntu; /home/mike Dot電ubuntu:/hone/ntkeM roQtubuntu:/hone/nvke# tfgive the var k a value X=100 echo 5x echo '5X=iee" rootubuntu:/hone/ntke# 190 109=100 roQtaubuntu:/hone/mtkeflvtn test2.sh cat test2,sh and echo./test2,sh4.編寫一個Shell程序，程序名為testl，打印出Shell命令行參數中的位置參數及預定義變 量$0

33、、$、$#、$*、$的值。Terminal夠A A#echo theroot4Wubuntu: /home/mikesrgunentsecho H： echoecho echo echo"The"The"There are totally $# praneters p點fwfcith；,2 t：a- ""The paraneter are S*""The prcocess id of this Progran Im SS"Pogr目E nane Is SG" paraneters areTermini T

34、erminal File Edit View Search Terminal Helptl * 初）07:16 <IwgEKW軽AO rootubuntu;/home/mike rootubuptu:/hopie/nlke# vin testl.sh rootubuntu:/hone/nlke# cat testl.sh 禪etho theargumentsecho echo echo echo echo''The'The"There are totally $# parameters passed to this program" "

35、;The paraneters are $*""The prcocess ID of this Program ts SS"Progran nane is parspieters arerootubuntu:/hone/ntke#The Program name ts ，/testl.shThe parameters ere 1 2 3 4 5 打There are totally 6 parameters passed to this programThe parameters are 123456The prcocess 10 of this Program

36、Is 3929 rootubuntu:/hone/nlke#5.編寫一個名為test2的簡單刪除程序，使用命令參數來傳遞要刪除的文件，如命令行輸 入：./test2 a.txt，刪除 a.txt。Termini TerminalFile Edit View Search Terminal Helpti £ 如 07:22deleterootiubuntu: /home/mike the file you inputIf ”f then rn -t Si elseecho "i,hdL u fi$1 ； :i now ； cOF再亡,ft-J-fc$q 2 2 n F f B

37、 s *僅 一 ETermlnti Terminal File Edit View Search Terminal Help07:24 £OOE roottpubuntu:/hDm«/mfkerooteubuntui/hopie/ntke# vtnrooteubuntuI/hone/nike# IsexamplesdesktopMusicPicturesDesktop Docunents Downloads rootubuntu:/hone/nike#rootubuntu:/hone/nike# rooDesktop oocuntnts Downloadstest3*shPractice Public Templates touch ftlel.txttetZ, te5t3* shtestqedtttxt testvt* txt usbVideost電ubuntu:/hone/nike# examples.desktop filei.txt nustcchnod +x testm.sh IsPicturesPractice testl.sh Pu