1、直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)(Direct Speech and Indirect Speech )Step1. studying the ruleT: read the following sentences, pay attention to the words in blue in each pair.Direct Speech1. Shesaid."My brother wants to go shopping with ”me. ”2. MrSmithsaid,is Jack a good boy?”3. HesaidtoKate. "How isyoursisternow

2、?”Indirect Speech1. fShe saidher brother wantedtogo shopping withher.2. fMr Smithasked if/whetherJackwasa good boy.3. fHe askedKatehow her sisterwasthen 。Step2. Finding the rule直接引語(yǔ)如果是陳述旬,間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。She said, "Our buswill arrive infiveminutes. “in five minutes.fShe said that their bus

3、would arrive直接引語(yǔ)如果是反意疑問(wèn)旬，選擇疑問(wèn)句或一般疑問(wèn)旬，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為由whether 或 if 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句.He said, "Can you swim, John?“ f He asked John if he could swim."Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" f He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.直接引語(yǔ)如果是特殊問(wèn)句，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)該改為由疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句（賓語(yǔ)從句必須用陳述句語(yǔ)序）。She asked

4、me, "When do they have their dinner? ”She asked me when they had their dinner.She asked me, "What was Jack doing when I come in? ” fShe asked me what Jack was doing when she came in.直接引語(yǔ)如果是祈使句，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為“ Tell (ask, order, beg 等 ) sb (not) to do sth. ”句型 。如：1 ."Don't make any noise,&

5、quot;the teachersaid to the students.fShe told (ordered) thestudents not tomake any noise.2 . “ Open the door, please," said she. fShe asked him to open the door.直接引語(yǔ)如果是以“Let's ”開頭的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常用“suggest +動(dòng)句詞(或從句)”如：He said, "Let's go to the movies." f He suggested going to t

6、he movies. 或 He suggested thatthey should go to see the movies.More rules1. 時(shí)態(tài)變化： 直接引語(yǔ)在改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)需要做相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。1) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)； She said: “ I am a student. ”fShe said (that) she was a student.2) 一股將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)She said, "He will go to see his friend. ”fShe said he would go to see his friend 。二、如何變時(shí)態(tài):3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)

7、行時(shí)-過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)；She said , “ I am reading a book. ”fShe said she was reading a book.2. 注意以下幾種情況時(shí)態(tài)不變直接引語(yǔ)是客觀真理。The teacher said "The earth moves around the sun . ” f The teacher said me the earth moves around the sun earth.Tom said, “ I am going to play basketball tomorrow. ” fTom said he was going to p

8、lay basketball tomorrow. 直接引語(yǔ)是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。Jack said. “ I was doing chores when Tom came to see me ” fJack said he was doing chores when Tom came to see him. 直接引語(yǔ)中有具體的過(guò)去某年、某月、某日作狀語(yǔ)， 變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。如：Jack said."Iwas bornonApril2l,1980."fJack saidhewas bornonApril21,1980.直接引語(yǔ)如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣

9、性的動(dòng)作，變間接引 語(yǔ)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。如：shoulHe said, “I get up at six every morning 。” f He said he gets up at six every morning. 如果直接引語(yǔ)中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有過(guò)去時(shí)的形式不再變（例： could, d, would, might）The doctor said, “ You should stay in bed for 2 days. ” fThe doctor said I should stay in bed for 2 days.”和已經(jīng)是過(guò)去時(shí)的形式時(shí)， 例： ought to ， had bet

10、ter, used toPeter said. "You had better come here today." f Peter said I had better go there that day.3. 狀語(yǔ)變化（ 1） . 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)由“現(xiàn)在”改為“原來(lái)”nOW now變?yōu)?then, yesterday 變?yōu)?the day before, today 變?yōu)?that day )He said, ” I want to go swimming now.fHe said he wanted to go swimming then.(2) . 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)(here 變 t

11、here)The teacher said ,“ You should come here at 7:00.fThe teacher said I should go there at 7:00(3) . 指示代詞由“此”改為“彼”(this 改為 that)例 : He said, "This books is mine. “fHe said that book was his.Step3. Applying the ruleChange the following direct speech into indirect speech1) Shesaid, "Ourbus willarrive infiveminutes. ”2) Hesaid, "Canyou swim,John?”3) Sheasked me,"When dothey havetheirdinner? ”4) "Don't make any noise,"the teachersaidtothe students ”5) Hesaid, "Let's go tothe movies."6) Sh