1、lesson 72A CAR CALLED BLUEBIRD1.racingn.賽馬，賽車，賽艇；競賽cycle racing 自行車競賽自行車競賽dragon-boat racing 龍舟競賽龍舟競賽a racing driver/car 摩托車比賽摩托車比賽a racing car賽車賽車a racing yacht賽艇賽艇race (1)n,速度競賽，賽跑run a race with sb.同某人賽跑race against/with sb/sth.與.競賽/賽跑a race against time和時間賽跑(2)n.種族，人種people of mixed race 混血種的人sp

2、ort、game、match、race 的區別：的區別：sport通常指“戶外運動”、“戶外的游戲或娛樂活動”，如打球，跳高，游泳，釣魚，打獵，賽馬和拳術等。以鍛煉為主，如籃球、足球、田徑運動、劃船、賽馬等都屬于sport。復數形式sports可指運動會。game意思是“運動、比賽”，不管戶內戶外還是腦力體力，指以勝負為主的運動；game的復數形式一般指大型的國際比賽或綜合性體育運動會。大多時候，match與game兩者可通用。match意為“競賽、比賽”，多指正式比賽；兩隊之間有組織的比賽，也指兩人之間的比賽。race主要表示“賽跑、賽馬、賽車”。速度方面的比賽，指從起點到終點的競賽。如：P

3、eople all around the world enjoy sports.（全世界的人都喜愛運動）The 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing.（2008奧運會將在北京舉行）（被動句）Our school football team won the league match（聯賽）。（我們學校足球隊取得了聯賽冠軍）They were strong and won the boat race.（湯他們很棒，贏得了劃艇比賽）2.per (1).（數量、價格等）每(2).（時間）每一(3).按照one apple per childThe wor

4、k has been done as per instruction.工作已按照指示做完。my rent is $8000 per year搭配：as per usual 照常，一如既往as per (口)按as per instruction 依照指示per capita 每人，按人分配Per 后接無冠詞的單數名詞3.Horsepower 馬力 外來詞意譯：HoneymoonWhite houseOxford音譯：Coca ColaCoffeeChocolateSofa人名：Mary 地名：London 4.burst(1).爆炸，爆裂，脹破，崩潰 burst, burst, burst e

5、g. We had to burst the door open. (=break into); The balloon suddenly burst. The dam burst because of heavy rain. (決口)。 The tyre(tire) burst. = a burst/flat tyre. (2).突然而起，闖入burst out of the door 突然出現在門邊She burst through the door.the door burst open.門突然打開。 (3).由于不可抑制的感情而爆發或好像要爆發I am bursting with jo

6、y.我高興的不得了。burst with anger勃然大怒burst into tears/laughter/cheers 突然大哭、大笑、歡呼起來burst into the room闖入房間5.average(1).平均的 the average age/score/temperature/speed(2).普通的，平常的，一般水平的an average student(3).平均數，平均水平n.The average of 4,8,and 60 is 24.Whats the average rainfall for August in your country?(4).v. 求得平均

7、數 if you average 7, 14 and 6, youll get 9. average out (口)達到平均數搭配：above/below the average 在一般水平以上/下on the average 平均，一般的說 14 -How do you like the film? -There was nothing special-it was only _. A average B usual C normal D common common general ordinary usual average(1) common“普通的，尋常的”。指某一事物經常在許多地方發

8、現或發生，以某一事物是否常見為判斷標準，有平常無奇的意味，可引申為“平凡”之意。表示“時時發生，人所共有”，并含“并不高貴地位低下”之意味其反義詞為rare（稀有的、珍貴的）如：common saying(俗話) a common wish(一個共同的愿望)Colds are common in winter. 冬天感冒是很普通的。(2) ordinary與common基本同義均指“普通的”不是特別的。common指因許多人或事物所共同具有而常見的性質；ordinary指由于與一般事物的標準或品質相同而普通的性質，偏向平常的、平凡的、普通的其反義詞是superior例如：an ordinary

9、(or a common)event(一件極平常的事)，an ordinary(or a common)person(一個普通人) His speech is just ordinary. 他的演說就是平淡乏味。I use ordinary gasoline. 我用普通汽油(3) general總體的、籠統的，側重“普遍”之意表示在大多數人或事物中流行并受到關注，不含有“地位低下”之意，與高級的相對應，其反義詞為specific（具體的） This book is intended for the general reader, not for the specialist. 這本書是為一般讀

10、者寫的，不是為專家寫的。(4)usual是依照某人的常例來判斷，強調遵循常規，一貫如此。偏向通常、慣常、正常。用來指物，含有“隨集體風俗或個人習慣而常常發生”之意，其反義詞為unusual Its a usual thing with him(這對他來說是平常事) This morning he came earlier than usual, for it was not an ordinary day.今天上午他到得比平常早，因為這是不平常的一天。 He paid the usual fee. 他按常規交費了。(5)average“平均的，一般的”。 Whats the average t

11、emperature in this town during August? The average age of the boys in this class is fifteen. There was nothing special about, it was only average. the average wages/rainfall 在它修飾人的時候，有所區別。common指普通人，平常老百姓。 The common people in those days suffered a lot average著重平均意義上的一般，中等。例如： An average thirteen-ye

12、ar-old could understand it She reacts just like the average housewife.(6)normal“正常的”，它的含義明顯不同與其它三選項。再體會下列例句和短語便更加清晰: His growth is normal for that age. under normal pressure 在常壓下 above/below normal 在正常之上/下 be back to normal恢復正常 【走近高考】1. Letter boxes are much more in the UK than in the US, where most

13、 people have a mailbox instead.( 2006年浙江) A. common B. normal C. ordinary D. usual2. A new bus service to Tianjin Airport started to operate two months ago. A. normal B. usual C. regular D. common答案：1. A 2. C6.footstepn,足跡，腳步聲I heard footsteps in the room behind me.搭配：Follow in ones footsteps 繼承（某人的

14、）事業，效法某人 Bush follows in his fathers footsteps. 布什效法他的父親Footprint 腳印 Footnote 腳注 Footsore 腳疼的 Footwear 鞋類課文講解1.The great racing driver, Sir Malcolm Campbell, was the first man to drive at over 300 miles per hour.Sir Malcolm Campbell 的成分作的成分作The great racing driver 的同位語的同位語(1)Sir 爵士（統稱），冠于爵士或準爵士的名字之前

15、或名字與姓之前（但不可只用于姓之前） Sir Edward 愛德華爵士 Sir John Jackson Duke 公爵-Marquis 侯爵-Earl 伯爵-Viscount 子爵-Baron 男爵to 引導的不定式短語為 the first man 的定語，類似的可用于這種句型的詞語有 the second, the next/ the last 以及表示最高級的如 the best, the most intelligent 等， 這些短語后面可接名詞或 one(s)，也可以不接(2)drive at 以速度駕車At 以（的速度，價格，比率等）The train was travelin

16、g at 100 kilometers an hour.We drove at top speedI bought these neckties at (the price of) 10 dollars each. 2.He set up a new world record in September 1935 at Bonneville Salt Flats, Utah. set up /create /build a record set up a new world record hold a record break a record record-holder 記錄保持者記錄保持者

17、record-breaker 打破記錄者打破記錄者set構成的短語1.set about sth/doing sth開始（某工作）; 著手做某事: I must set about my packing. 我得開始收拾行李了. The new government must set about finding solutions to the countrys economic problems. 新政府必須立即找出解決國家經濟問題的辦法.2.set sb against sb (不用於被動語態) 使某人反對或敵視（朋友 親戚等）: The civil war set brother agai

18、nst brother. 因內戰引起兄弟反顏.3.set sb/sth apart (from sb/sth)使某人某事物與眾不同或優於其他的:Her clear and elegant prose sets her apart from most other journalists. 她的散文凝練高雅, 多數新聞工作者無出其右.4.set sth aside(a)將某事物放在一邊: She set aside her book and lit a cigarette. 她把書放在一旁, 點了一支香煙.(b)（為某目的）節省或保留（錢或時間）: She sets aside a bit of

19、money every month. 她每月都存一點兒錢. * I try to set aside a few minutes each day to do some exercises. 我每天盡量騰出一些時間鍛煉一下身體.(c)不理會或不顧某事物; 放棄或回絕某事物: Lets set aside my personal feelings. 不必顧及我個人的感情.5.set sth back (sth)耽擱或阻礙某事物的進展（之時間）: Financial problems have set back our building programme. 財務上出現問題延誤了我們的建設計畫.6

20、.set sth down 將某事物記在紙上; 寫下來: Why dont you set your ideas down on paper? 你怎麼不把你的想法寫在紙上呢?7.set forth (fml 文)起程; 出發; 動身. set sth forth (fml 文)公布某事物; 宣布或提出某事物: The Prime Minister set forth the aims of his government in a television broadcast. 首相在電視廣播中公布了內閣的工作目標.8.set off開始（旅行 賽跑等）: What time are you pla

21、nning to set off tomorrow? 你打算明天幾點鐘啟程? set sth off (a)使（炸彈 地雷等）爆炸: Do be careful with those fireworks; the slightest spark could set them off. 這些煙火要格外小心, 稍有火星就能引起爆炸. (b)引起或激發某事物: Panic on the stock market set off a wave of selling. 股票市場上人心惶惶, 掀起拋售浪潮.9.set on sb攻擊某人: I was set on by their dog as soon

22、 as I opened the gate. 我剛一開大門, 他們的狗就朝我撲來.10.set out從某地出發上路: She set out at dawn. 她天一亮就動身了. set out to do sth（帶著某目的）開始做某事: They succeeded in what they set out to do. 他們打算做的事已經做成了.11.set sth up(a)擺放或豎起某物: set up a memorial, monument, statue, etc 豎起紀念物 紀念碑 塑像等 (b)建立或開創某事物: The government has set up a w

23、orking party to look into the problem of drug abuse. 政府已成立工作組調查濫用毒品問題.(c)創（體育）記錄: She set up a new world record time in the 100 metres. 她創下了新的百米世界記錄.(d)造成或產生某事物: The slump on Wall Street set up a chain reaction in stock markets around the world. 華爾街金融滑坡引起世界股票市場的連鎖反應.3.Bluebird, the car he was drivin

24、g, had been specially built for him.(1)be built for / build for He built a doghouse for his dog(2)build up 樹立，建立build up ones fortune(3)buildon/upon 奠定的基礎Our business is built on trust. Build n. 體格，造型A man of strong build 體格健壯的男人 Builder 建設者，建立者，創造者 Building 建筑物A high-rise building 高樓建筑School buildi

25、ng 校舍 4.It was over 30 feet in length and had a 2,500-horsepower engine. In length = long In width = wide In height = high 30 feet in length 30英尺長 30 feet in width30英尺寬 30 feet in height 30英尺高 at full length 伸展全身He lay at full length on the grass. at length 最后；詳細地, 絮叨地Tell a story at length 5. Altho

26、ugh Campbell reached a speed of over 304 miles per hour, he had great difficulty in controlling the car because a tyre burst during the first run. have great difficulty (in) doing sth. have a hard time (in) doing sth.做某事很困難，很費勁做某事很困難，很費勁 Control (1)v. 支配，控制The government controls the price of rice.

27、(2)v.克制（情感），抑制Control ones anger/emotions(3)n. 控制，抑制Beyond controlUnder control Lose control of He lost control of his carLose control of ones temper. 6.After his attempt, Campbell was disappointed to learn that his average speed had been 299 miles per hour.(1)Attempt n. 嘗試，企圖He made an attempt to l

28、earn to ski.He failed in his attempt to win the first prize. He failed in his attempt at winning the first prize. v. 嘗試Attempt a difficult problem 試著解決問題Attempt an escapeAttempt to do sth They attempted to climb Mt. Everest. Be disappointed to learn sth (2)disappointed失望的I was disappointed not to be

29、 chosen.我沒被挑中很失望。 disappointing令人失望的 be disappointed at/about sth.I was disappointed at his performance. disappointed in/with sb/sth.I am disappointed in you.I expected you to win.你讓我失望了，我本來指望你贏的。 to ones disappointment 類似to ones surprise結構歸納一、該結構主要適用哪些名詞一、該結構主要適用哪些名詞能用于該結構的名詞非常有限，常見的有 admiration(羨慕

30、), amazement(驚奇), amusement(娛樂), annoyance(煩惱), astonishment (驚奇), delight(欣喜), despair(絕望), disappointment(失望), embarrassment(難堪), happiness, horror(恐怖), joy(高興), puzzlement(疑惑), regret(遺憾), relief(放心), satisfaction(滿意), shame(羞愧), sorrow(悲傷), surprise(驚訝)等。如：To my amazement, he arrived on time. 令我

31、驚異的是，他居然準時趕到了。To his annoyance, he discovered they hadnt waited. 他發現他們沒有等他而感到十分煩惱。To her embarrassment, she couldnt remember his name. 令她感到困窘的是，她記不起他的名字了。To my shame I never thanked him for his kindness. 我感到慚愧的是對他的好意我從未表示過感謝。注：有時可將兩個名詞并列使用。如：To her surprise and joy, she was awarded first prize. 使她又驚

32、又喜的是，她獲得了一等獎。二、如何強調該結構的語氣二、如何強調該結構的語氣若要加強該結構的語氣，通常有兩種方式：1. 在名詞前加 great, deep, utter 等形容詞修飾。如：To his great disappointment, she wasnt on the train. 令他大大失望的是她不在那列火車上。To my utter delight he lent me the money I needed. 使我十分高興的是，他借給了我需要的錢。To my deep indignation, he pretended not to know about it. 使我十分憤慨的是

33、，他假裝不了解此事。2. 在整個短語前加副詞greatly, much 等修飾。如：Greatly to my regret, I cannot attend the party. 很可惜的是，我無法參加聚會。He has succeeded, much to the delight of his parents. 他成功了，這使他父母都非常高興。Much to my surprise the door was unlocked. 使我大為吃驚的是，門沒有鎖。Much to my regret I am unable to accept your invitation. 很抱歉，我不能接受你的

34、邀請。三、該結構在句中的位置三、該結構在句中的位置該結構通常位于句首，但有時也可位于句末，甚至句中。如：He broke it, greatly to my annoyance. 他打破了那東西，這使我非常氣惱。I learned to my sorrow that he was killed in the accident. 我獲悉他在事故中喪生而深感悲痛。I discovered to my horror that my passport was missing. 使我驚恐的是，我發現我的護照不見了。The work was done to his own satisfaction, but in my opinion it was badly done. 這工作他做得很滿意，但在我看來，卻是做得很糟。四、該結構的變體四、該結構的變體該結構通常的變體是“to the+情感名詞+of sb”。如：To the surprise of everybody the man was the girls father. 使大家吃驚的是，這個人就是這個女孩的父親。He fell in the water, much to the