1、學習必備歡迎下載從高考題談動名詞作主語和賓語1 動名詞作主語例：1.-What do you th ink made Mary so upset ？-_her new bicycle. （ 1997 上海）A.As she lostB LostC LosingD . Because of losing解析：答案 C。Losing 在此為動名詞，與 her new bicycle 構成動名詞短語在句中作主語。以理解為：Losi ng hernew bicycle made Mary so upset .1. 在下面的句型中，it 是形式主語，v-ing 形式作真正的主語。1）It s no us

2、e/good + v-ing.如：It s no good smoking, you d better give it up .It s no use arguing with him .2）lt s a waste of time / so nice/ foolish interesting / doing sth.It s a waste of time waiting here.生這里等是浪贅時HhIt s so nice talking to you.很咼興和你鏤話:.2. v-ing 形式作主語，謂語動詞用單數。Learning new words is very useful to

3、 me .Writing headlines in English is not an easy job .動名詞作賓語1 ）有些動詞后只接動名詞作賓語。這類動詞常見的有：admit, advise, finish, avoid ,delay, consider,dislike, mind, suggest, enjoy, miss ,practise, imagine, appreciate （感激），risk（冒險）等等。2.Our monitor suggested_ a discussion of this subject. （85）A . to have B . should hav

4、e該題可escape,學習必備歡迎下載Key: D2)有些動詞和動詞詞組既可接不定式也可接動名詞作賓語，但意思不同。這類動詞及動詞詞組常見的有： stop， forget， remember， try， mean, goon, regret, can t help 等等。1)go on to do 接著做(另一件事) go on doing 繼續做(同一件事)2)stop to do 停下來去做；stop doing 停止做3)remember to do 記住要做； remember doing 記得曾做過4) can t help to do 不能幫助做；can t help doing

5、情不自禁地做4)forget to do 忘記要做；forget doing 忘了曾經做過5)regret to do 很遺憾/抱歉地去做；regret doing 后悔做了6)try to do 努力做；try doing 試著做7 ) mean to do 打算做； mean doing 意味著做3. You were brave eno ugh to raise object ions at the meeti ng.-Well, now I regret_ that.(95 )A . to doB . to be doingC. to have done D . having done

6、解析：答案 D。本句意為：我現在后悔在會上提出了反對意見。表示對已經發生的事情“后悔”應用 regret doing / havingdone3. You were brave eno ugh to raise object ions at the meeti ng .-Well, now I regret_ that.(95 )A . to doB. to be doingC. to have doneD. having done解析：答案 D。本句意為：我現在后悔在會上提出了反對意見。表示對已經發生的事情“后悔”應用 regret doing / havingdone3)動名詞充當介詞的賓

7、語，常C. haveD. Having學習必備歡迎下載用在含有某些介詞構成的短語動詞之后，這類常見的短語動詞有:insist on, think of, feel like (cf. would like to do sth.) , set about (cf. set out to do sth.), be fond of, lookforward to(cf. look forward to do sth. ）, pay attention to , get used to, give up , devote. to, putoff ,succeed in, have difficulty

8、 in, get down to（ 開始著手做 ） 等等。例： She looks forward every spring to _the flower-linedgarden. （1995 上海）A . visit B . paying a visitC. walk in D . walking in解析：答案 D。look forward to doingsth.是固定用法，故排除 A、C 項。B 項在 visit 后加 to 才正確，所以應排除。Cf. The letter that I was looking forward to_ at last.A. coming B. came

9、 C. come D. being comeKey: B4）動名詞在 need, want, require , be worth 后接賓語，常以主動形式來表示被動意義cf. be worthy of being done/ to be doneThis book is worthy of being read / to be read. i3.九 J A 法.n eed/ want/ require doing sth / to be done （需要做）eg. My bike n eeds repairi ng / to be repaired.5）permit, allow, forbi

10、d, require（ 要求）doing sth./ sb to do sth.跟人作賓語后，必須用不定式作補語。例如：This room won t allow smoking.在這間屋里不準吸煙。We do not allow anybody to smoke here.這里不許吸煙。例：What do you think of the book ?-Oh , excellent. Its worth_ a second time .A . to readB. to be readC. readingD. being readKey: C6）有些動詞后可跟不定式和 v-ing 形式作賓語，

11、意義差別不大。學習必備歡迎下載1） 在 like, love, hate, prefer 等動詞后，v-ing 形式表示經常性、概括性的動作，不定式表示具體的、 特定的某一次動作。如：She likes singing, but she doesn t like to sing today .7）在 beg in, start,continue 后跟 v-ing 形式和不定式作賓語沒有區別，但start, begin 本身為進行式或后接realize,won der,un dersta nd 等心理活動的詞時，常用不定式作賓語。如：I began to realize that I was w

12、rong .3 .動名詞的時態和語態動名詞有一般式和完成式。它的一般式所表示的動作或是與句中謂語動詞的動作同時發生，或是在句中謂語動詞動作之后發生；而它的完成式所表示的動作則一般發生在句中謂語動詞動作之刖。例 1: While shopping , people sometimes cant help_into buyingsomething they dont really need . （1996 上海） A . to persuade B. persuadingC. being persuaded D. be persuaded解析：答案 C。根據句意,cant help 是“抑制不磚、

13、計育不亠禁 7 勺*勰 貞際應我初訶 ft賓語。在此句中，people 與 persuade 之間是動賓關系，所以應用動名詞的被動式。例 2:Tony was very unhappy for_ to the party . （2000 上海）A . having not been invited B . not having invited C . having not invitedD . not having been invited解析：答案 D。動名詞的否定式作介詞的賓語。由于Tony 未被邀請在先，不高興在后，所以采用了完成式的形式。4.動名詞的復合結構動名詞的復合結構在句中作賓語

14、時，名詞可用普通格代替所有格，代詞可用賓格形式代替形容詞性物主代詞。eg.I don t like you/ your/ Tom / Tom s being late.但是動名詞作主語時，只能用your/Tom s being late 形式。學習必備歡迎下載例:What worried the child most was_ to visit his mother in thehospital. （1998 上海）A . his not allowingB . his not being allowedC. his being not allowedD . having not been a

15、llowed解析：答案 B。動名詞復合結構的否定式應把否定詞not 放在物主代詞之后、動名詞之前。和 allow 之間為動賓關系，所以就用其被動式。覃幾個重要的句型：1. There is no use / good doing sth.2. There is no + 動名詞There is no joking about such matter.這事開不得玩笑。三.用 to do 而不用 v-ing 作定語的情形一）所修飾的詞為 desire, effort, failure, promise 等She made a promise to come and help us.二） 所修飾的名

16、詞前有 the first/last/next,the only 和 the best, themost 等序數詞或形容詞最高級修飾語Who was the last one to leave the room last night ?She is always the first to get to work .三）所修飾的名詞與定語間有動賓關系I have some clothes to wash tonight.She gave him a piece of paper to write on .四）所修飾的名詞與定語有主謂關系I n eed some one to type the letters for me .You must find a person to look after your house for you while youare away.五）所修飾的名詞與定語有同位關系At that time women had no right to vote .chil