1、對(duì)于初高中英語(yǔ)銜接教學(xué)中的資源策略的探究中英文對(duì)照For junior and senior high school English Teaching in the resource strategy research in Chinese and English.本文從資源策略在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中的重要性出發(fā)，分析了當(dāng)前初高中學(xué)生在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)過程中不善利用資源策略的現(xiàn)實(shí)，并以常見的資源如詞典、報(bào)紙書刊、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和音樂影視等為例，介紹了在初高中銜接教學(xué)過程中對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行資源策略訓(xùn)練的方法。This paper from the resources of strategic importance in the

2、 process of English learning situation, analysis of the current junior high school and senior high school students in the process of English learning strategies of poor use of resources the reality, and with the common resources such as dictionaries, books and newspapers, the Internet and the music

3、video as an example, introduces the method between junior middle school and high school resource strategy training on students teaching process in the.一、問題的提出 A, problem普通高中英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)指出：學(xué)習(xí)策略中的資源策略是指學(xué)生合理并有效地利用多種媒體進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)和運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)的策略。高中學(xué)生應(yīng)在義務(wù)教育階段所培養(yǎng)的自主學(xué)習(xí)能力的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步掌握資源策略，學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立地獲取信息和資料，并能加以整理、分析、歸納和總結(jié)，從而擴(kuò)展知識(shí)、開闊視野、充

4、實(shí)生活、更自覺地規(guī)劃自己的人生。 " English curriculum standards points out: " the ordinary high school of learning strategies, resource strategies refer students to reasonably and effectively use a variety of media and the use of English learning strategies. High school students should cultivate in the co

5、mpulsory education stage of the autonomous learning ability, to further understand the resource strategy, learn to independent access to information and data, and can be sorted, analyzed, and summarized, and expansion of knowledge, broaden their horizons, enrich life, more consciously planning your

6、life.資源策略在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中的重要性是不言而喻的。研究表明，英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)好的學(xué)生在所有策略指標(biāo)上都高于成績(jī)差的學(xué)生，兩類學(xué)習(xí)者在資源策略和調(diào)控策略使用方面存在顯著差異。 The importance of resource strategy in English learning is self-evident. Research shows that, English learners are higher than poor students in all indicators, there were significant differences of two kinds of lea

7、rners in the resource strategy and control strategy.然而，掌握并自覺運(yùn)用資源策略并沒有成為當(dāng)前高中學(xué)生的常態(tài)學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)。究其原因：一個(gè)方面，過重的學(xué)業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)導(dǎo)致學(xué)生沒有充裕的時(shí)間去尋求各種資源；另一方面，更為重要的是，在初中階段，很多英語(yǔ)教師并未在教學(xué)中關(guān)注學(xué)生的資源策略的培養(yǎng)，從而導(dǎo)致學(xué)生到了高中階段對(duì)資源策略還所知甚少，更遑論自覺運(yùn)用資源策略。 However, master and appropriate use of resources strategy and not become normal learning activities

8、in current high school students. Investigate its reason: one aspect, overloaded schoolwork cause the students do not have sufficient time to seek all kinds of resources; on the other hand, more important is, in the junior middle school stage, many English teachers did not pay attention to cultivatin

9、g students' resource strategy in teaching, leading students to high school stage to the resource strategy poorly understood, let alone on the conscious use of resource strategy.二、可利用的資源及現(xiàn)狀 Resources and present situation of two, available鑒于大多數(shù)高中都是寄宿制學(xué)校，我將英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中可利用的資源分成三類。 In view of the fact that

10、 most of the high school is a boarding school, I will learn English in the available resources into three categories.第一種是常備資源，即詞典或電子詞典、語(yǔ)法工具書等，這類資源是學(xué)生日常學(xué)習(xí)中必不可少的。但是，我通過對(duì)衢州市區(qū)一所重點(diǎn)中學(xué)的高一新生所做的抽樣調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，只有三分之一的學(xué)生有查詞典的習(xí)慣；有7.94%的學(xué)生基本不查詞典。而學(xué)生在使用詞典查閱單詞時(shí)，首要關(guān)注的是詞義，能關(guān)注詞性的學(xué)生有57.14%，能關(guān)注發(fā)音的學(xué)生占63.49%，能關(guān)注搭配的學(xué)生55.56%。可見，學(xué)生

11、對(duì)詞典的利用處于非常簡(jiǎn)單的層次，這也直接導(dǎo)致了學(xué)生對(duì)許多單詞的錯(cuò)用。 The first is a resource, i.e. dictionary or electronic dictionaries, grammar books, this kind of resources is essential for students' daily learning in. However, I found that the sampling investigation of a new high in a key middle school in Quzhou city has don

12、e through, only 1/3 of the students have the dictionary habit; 7.94% of the students do not refer to the dictionary. While students in using the dictionary look up words, the primary concern is the meaning of a word, can focus on the part of speech of the students are 57.14%, can focus on the pronun

13、ciation of the students accounted for 63.49%, 55.56% of the students to pay attention to. Visible, the students of the dictionary is very simple level, which also led directly to the students to many words misuse.第二種是校內(nèi)可獲取資源，包括圖書館、同學(xué)、教師等。這些在學(xué)校范圍之內(nèi)的資源相對(duì)而言比較方便，學(xué)生可以從中獲取一些學(xué)科知識(shí)、學(xué)科學(xué)習(xí)的指導(dǎo)建議及相關(guān)的信息。我們的調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示，

14、在遇到難題的解決途徑回答里，55.56%的學(xué)生選擇尋求同學(xué)的幫助，26.98%的學(xué)生選擇自己想辦法解決，11.11%選擇教師幫助，還有6.35%的學(xué)生卻很少追究。此結(jié)果雖然看似大部分學(xué)生都能主動(dòng)尋求解決問題的方法，但其效果卻存在疑問。 The second is the availability of resources, including the library, students, teachers. These schools within the scope of resources is relatively easy, the students can gain some kno

15、wledge of learning guidance, and related information from the. Our results show, in the solution of problem answer, 55.56% of the students choose to seek the help of students, 26.98% of the students choose their own solutions, 11.11% teachers and 6.35% students to help, but seldom investigated. This

16、 result seems most students can take the initiative to find a solution to the problem, but the effect but there is doubt.第三種是校外可獲取資源，包括互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、書刊雜志、廣播電視、音樂影視等。此類資源隨著近年社會(huì)的快速發(fā)展而日益豐富，也更容易獲得，尤其是網(wǎng)絡(luò)深入當(dāng)今城鄉(xiāng)社會(huì)的每個(gè)角落，使得學(xué)生可以更加方便快捷地獲取幾乎每一種所需的知識(shí)信息。但調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示，有87.30%的學(xué)生會(huì)看英文電影，但看英語(yǔ)電視節(jié)目的學(xué)生就銳減到25.40%，而會(huì)瀏覽英文網(wǎng)站的則更少到15.87%。并且，

17、學(xué)生大多利用這些資源進(jìn)行休閑放松或消磨時(shí)間，而非嘗試有益的學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)。 The third is the external access to resources, including the Internet, books and magazines, radio and television, music, film and television. Such resources along with the rapid development of the society and the increasingly rich, they are more easily, especially

18、in every corner of the network of urban and rural society, which enables students to be more convenient access to knowledge and information almost every required. But according to the results of the survey, 87.30% of the students will watch English movies, but watch TV in English students is reduced

19、 by 25.40%, and browse the English website is less than 15.87%. And, most use these resources to relax and kill time students, rather than try learning activities.總之，從當(dāng)前的實(shí)際情況看，學(xué)生雖然面對(duì)著全方位各種隨時(shí)可獲取的資源，但在日常學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)中能主動(dòng)加以使用的卻并不多，效果也不明顯，這也嚴(yán)重地制約著他們的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)興趣，阻礙了他們英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的發(fā)展。 In short, from the current situation to se

20、e, although students facing the full variety of readily available resources, but can be used in daily learning activities is not much, the effect is not obvious, which seriously restrict their interest in learning English, hindered the development of their English learning.三、學(xué)生資源策略的訓(xùn)練 Three, the stu

21、dent resources strategy training初高中英語(yǔ)銜接教學(xué)指的教師是在高一學(xué)生剛?cè)雽W(xué)階段，利用一段時(shí)間的教學(xué)，幫助學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)初高中英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的特點(diǎn)和差異，在心理發(fā)展、語(yǔ)言知識(shí)、語(yǔ)言技能、情感態(tài)度、資源策略等各個(gè)方面適應(yīng)高中英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的需要。在初高中銜接教學(xué)階段，教師不但要使學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)到高中英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中資源策略的重要性，而且要教會(huì)學(xué)生如何去利用這些資源。下面，我就幾種常見的資源利用談?wù)勅绾螌?duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行資源策略的訓(xùn)練。 At the beginning of the high school English teaching refers to teachers in high scho

22、ol students just school stage, use a period of time teaching, help students understand the junior and senior high school English learning characteristics and differences, to meet the need of high school English learning in various psychological development, language knowledge, language skills, attit

23、udes, strategies and other aspects of resources. At the beginning of high school teaching, teachers should not only enable students to understand the importance of resource strategy in English learning in high school, but also to teach students how to use these resources. Here, I talk about how some

24、 resources strategy training on students to use common resources.1.詞典 1 dictionary詞典是最常見的可利用資源。在銜接教學(xué)中，教師要著重引導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)分辨哪些單詞需要查閱詞典進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)以及如何使用詞典。 A dictionary is the most common available resources. In teaching, teachers should focus on guiding students to learn what the word to refer to the dictionary to

25、learn and how to use the dictionary.例如，在銜接教學(xué)的第一單元，我選取一篇題為“How to master the English language”的文章，文章的作者將英語(yǔ)作為外語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)，主題是關(guān)于英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的建議。這篇文章作為學(xué)生升入高中的第一篇精讀材料非常合適，只是其中包含了許多生詞。在教學(xué)過程中，我先讓學(xué)生在黑板上列出所有生詞，然后將它們進(jìn)行歸類，分成不要查的單詞、可以推知意思的單詞和必須查的單詞。很快，學(xué)生確定了不需查的單詞：Somalia和Six Form ollege，我們進(jìn)一步延伸為專有名詞，可以不用查詞典；可以推知意思的單詞有essay、（mo

26、ther）tongue、willing、grammatical、exception和ability，前三個(gè)單詞可以根據(jù)上下文猜出大致意思，而后三個(gè)單詞可以根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法得出意思。課堂中，我向?qū)W生說明了利用上下文和構(gòu)詞法猜測(cè)詞義是常用的閱讀方法；在文章中有著關(guān)鍵作用的單詞有nonetheless、persistence、dedication等，我在課堂上當(dāng)即要求學(xué)生查閱詞典，掌握這幾個(gè)單詞，查閱的內(nèi)容包括：英語(yǔ)釋義、漢語(yǔ)意思、音標(biāo)、詞性、例詞、例句、常見搭配以及同源詞等，并將得到的內(nèi)容記錄在筆記本里，再配以自己造的句子。通過對(duì)上述內(nèi)容的學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生才能全面掌握這個(gè)單詞的意思和用法。而這些要求也成為學(xué)生

27、以后學(xué)習(xí)過程中查閱詞典時(shí)必須關(guān)注的內(nèi)容。For example, in the first unit cohesion teaching, I select an article entitled " How to master the English language " of the article, the author of the article will learn English as a foreign language, the theme is advice about learning english. This article first readi

28、ng materials for students in senior high school is very appropriate, but contains a lot of new words. In the process of teaching, I ask the students to list all the new words on the blackboard, and then they are classified, divided into don't look up the words, we can infer the meaning of the wo

29、rds and to find the words. Soon, the students identified without looking up words: Somalia and Six Form College, we further extended as a proper noun, can not refer to the dictionary meaning of words can be seen; essay, (mother) tongue, willing, grammatical, exception and ability, the first three wo

30、rds according to the context to guess the meaning, then three words according to word formation method. In the classroom, I explained to students to guess the meaning of reading methods using context and word formation; in this paper plays a key role in the words nonetheless, persistence, dedication

31、, I'm in class immediately asked the students to refer to the dictionary, to master this a few words, access to the content includes: English, Chinese meaning, interpretation phonetics, part of speech, word, sentence, with common collocations and cognate words, and will be the content recorded i

32、n a notebook, together with their sentence. Through the above study, students can grasp the meaning of this word and usage. These requirements also become students to learn must pay attention to the content of a dictionary.2.報(bào)紙書刊 2 newspaper publications在出版業(yè)繁榮發(fā)達(dá)的今天，英語(yǔ)出版物在街頭巷尾已經(jīng)尋常可見。這其中有很多是專門為高中學(xué)生準(zhǔn)備的

33、，也有很多適合高中學(xué)生作為課外的閱讀材料。學(xué)生可以通過對(duì)這些報(bào)紙書刊的閱讀，擴(kuò)充詞匯量、了解異域風(fēng)情、儲(chǔ)備知識(shí)信息，并提高口語(yǔ)和寫作能力。 In the publishing industry flourishing today, English publications in the streets and lanes are usually visible. There is a lot of is designed for high school students to prepare, there are also many suitable for high school stude

34、nts in extra-curricular reading materials as. Students can use the books newspapers reading, vocabulary, to understand the exotic, reserve of knowledge and information, and to improve oral and writing skills.當(dāng)然，學(xué)生的閱讀需要一定的目的和要求以提高其效果。開學(xué)伊始，我就要求學(xué)生按照一定的格式每周做一次讀書摘記，具體內(nèi)容如下： Of course, the students' re

35、ading needs a certain purpose and requirements in order to improve the effect of. At the beginning of the semester, I will ask the students to do a reading notes according to a certain format weekly, the specific contents are as follows:摘記的第一行標(biāo)明文章標(biāo)題、作者、來(lái)源和摘抄日期，共摘錄五個(gè)句子和五個(gè)單詞，并附加一句評(píng)論。句子的選取標(biāo)準(zhǔn)三種，一是詞組、句式結(jié)

36、構(gòu)很常用的，寫作中可以模仿的，如“take it for granted that”“I hate to，but”“find an echo in”等等；二是英文本身沒什么難度，但是寫的很有趣、優(yōu)美、有哲理的，值得背誦引用的，如“But eyes are blind，one must look with the heart”；三是詞組、語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)課堂上講過的，抄下來(lái)，劃出知識(shí)點(diǎn)，以便鞏固課堂知識(shí)，如“It was wonderful to walk down the long flights of stairs knowing that Id had good luck working”，可以用

37、彩筆劃出其中精彩的部分。單詞的選取標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是學(xué)過的單詞，但詞性或意思不同的，如“My lungs are still not accustomed to Mumbai air，its thick as soup and laced with fumes”中的lace；或是似曾相識(shí)、尋覓已久的單詞或詞組，以擴(kuò)充詞匯量，如“Over the rooftop， stars were glowing in the silvery night. At that instant， I found no star was brighter than her eyes”中的silvery。對(duì)于生詞，可以要求學(xué)生通

38、過查閱詞典，記錄英語(yǔ)釋義、漢語(yǔ)意思、音標(biāo)、詞性、例詞、例句等。Note the marked the title of the article, the author first line, source and to date, a total of five extracts from the sentences and five words, and attach a comment. Select standard sentence three, one is the phrase, sentence structure is commonly used in writing, imi

39、tation, such as " take it for granted that . " " I hate to . , but . " " Find an echo in . " And so on; two is the English itself no difficulty, but write very interesting, beautiful, meaningful, memorable quotes, such as " But eyes are blind, one must look with th

40、e heart " three is the phrases, grammar class, copy down, draw knowledge, in order to consolidate the classroom knowledge, such as " It was wonderful to walk down the long flights of stairs knowing that I ' d had good luck working ", can use crayons to draw the wonderful part. Sel

41、ect standard words is to learn the words, but the part of speech or different meanings, such as " My lungs are still not accustomed to Mumbai air, it ' s thick as soup and laced with fumes " in the lace; or the word or phrase deja vu, have been looking for, to expand the vocabulary, su

42、ch as " Over the rooftop, stars were glowing in the silvery night. At that instant, I found no star was brighter than her eyes " in the silvery. For the words, you can ask the students through the dictionary, record English interpretation, Chinese meaning, pronunciation, part of speech, wo

43、rd, such as example.3.互聯(lián)網(wǎng) 3 Internet互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上有很多專門的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)站，也有各種信息知識(shí)，還有功能強(qiáng)大的搜索引擎。可以說，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)具備了其他所有資源的各種優(yōu)勢(shì)，在當(dāng)前學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中有著不可或缺的作用。但是，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上也有很多的消極甚至是負(fù)面的信息。因此，我們需要指導(dǎo)學(xué)生合理使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)，養(yǎng)成健康的上網(wǎng)習(xí)慣。 There are many specialized English learning websites on the Internet, there are all kinds of information and knowledge, and powerfu

44、l search engine. Can say, the Internet has a variety of advantages of all the other resources, plays an indispensable role in the students' English learning. However, there are a lot of Internet on the negative or negative information. Therefore, we need to guide the students to use the Internet

45、, to develop healthy surfing habits.在銜接階段的語(yǔ)音復(fù)習(xí)中，我們可以利用普特英語(yǔ)聽力（http：/），聽力特快（http：/），雅思基地（http：/），聽力課堂（http：/）等網(wǎng)站，讓學(xué)生模仿發(fā)音和語(yǔ)調(diào)，也可以做一些慢速的英語(yǔ)聽力練習(xí)，以此提升學(xué)生的語(yǔ)音和聽力水平。 In the stage of the speech in the review, we can use English ( ), listening Express ( ), IELTS base ( ), listening class ( / ) website, let the st

46、udents imitate the pronunciation and intonation, also can do some special English listening practice, in order to enhance the students' pronunciation and listening level.此外，我們可要求基礎(chǔ)較好的學(xué)生利用英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)（http：/） 、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人（http：/） 、讀者文摘（http：/）、21英語(yǔ)網(wǎng)（http：/）等網(wǎng)站，閱讀其中的美文和國(guó)際時(shí)訊，了解國(guó)內(nèi)外校園的趣事等。毫無(wú)疑問，這些措施和資源不僅能切實(shí)提高學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)水平

47、，還能增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)興趣，從而進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)他們的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)。In addition, we may require that the basis of good students use English learning ( ), the Economist ( ), reader's Digest ( ), 21 English () website, reading the articles and international newsletter, understanding of domestic and foreign campus anecdotes. No doubt,

48、these measures and resources can not only improve their English level, but also enhance the students' interest in learning English, so as to further promote their English learning.4.音樂影視 The 4 Music Video在各種英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)資源中，學(xué)生最喜歡的莫過于音樂影視。一方面，學(xué)生覺得音樂影視欣賞很時(shí)尚；另一方面，這也是他們享受休閑、逃離學(xué)習(xí)壓力和負(fù)擔(dān)的一種方式。所以，事實(shí)上，學(xué)生真正帶著很強(qiáng)的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)目的去欣賞音樂影視的并不多。這也就要求我們必須在起始階段培養(yǎng)學(xué)生正確的欣賞態(tài)度和方法，幫助學(xué)生樹立正確的人生觀價(jià)值觀，并從音樂影視中吸收好的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言。 In all kinds of English learning resources, stu