1、-語法教案GrammarInfin itives 動詞不定式動詞不定式是一種非謂語動詞，可以在句子中作主語、賓語、定語、狀語和賓語補(bǔ)足語等。 動詞不定式的基本形式是“ to+動詞原形”，但 to 有時可以省略。本單元的 Grammar 板塊主要 講解其充當(dāng)賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語和目的狀語的用法。1 動詞不定式作賓語動詞不定式作賓語的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：動詞 +動詞不定式。F 面這些動詞后可以跟動詞不定式作賓語:agreedecidefailforgethopelear nmanage n eedofferpromiserefuseremember seemstarttrywantwishpla nWhat

2、do you want to do this eve ning?你今晚想做什么？Its not very late. We dont need to go home now 時間還不算晚， 我們現(xiàn)在還不必回家。 Tinahas decided to sell her car 蒂娜已決定把車賣了。You forgot to switch off the light when you went out.你出門的時候忘記關(guān)燈了。My younger brother is learning to drive. 我弟弟正在學(xué)開車。I tried to read my book but I was too

3、 tired 我努力想看書，但我太累了。 動詞不定式的部分也可以使用否定形式。如：Millie decided not to go out.米利決定不出門。但是并非所有的動詞都可以這樣用。如：(入Kitty plans not to take Linda out.(V) Kitty does nt plan to take Li nda out. Kitty 不打算帶 Li nda 出去。(Linda wan ted not to visit the park.(V) Linda did nt want to visit the park. Linda 不想去公園游玩。提示】decide, k

4、now，learn，remember, wonder 等動詞后可以接“疑問詞+動詞不定式”的結(jié)構(gòu)。如：I cant decide what to doDo you know where to park the car?George is lear ning how to draw2 動作不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：動詞+賓語(名詞/代詞)+動詞不定式.下面這些動詞后可以跟動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語：Unit 1Helping those in needadvise allow ask en courage expect forcein viteorderpersuader

5、emi ndteach tellwant warn wish would likeSue asked a friend to lend her some money1 want you to be happyWould you like me to lend you some mon ey?We persuaded George to come with us.I taught my youn ger brother to swim.What do you advise me to do?Paul told Sue not to wait for him.【提示】在動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的結(jié)構(gòu)

6、中，如果謂語動詞是下列動詞，則不定式省to:使役動詞：let have make感官動詞：feel hear see watch我們稱這類不定式為 不帶 to 的動詞不定式。如：The teacher let Jane leave school earlyl made him tell me the truth.The boss had the workers work for long hoursI heard your younger sister shout Fire! ”Tom saw a car come round the corner1 watched them play in

7、the playgro und3 動詞不定式作目的狀語動詞不定式還可以用來表示目的。如：Bob goes jogg ing every day to keep fit.She went to the departme nt store to buy a new blouse.動詞不定式也可以位于句首。如：To raise money for the victims of the earthquake the students held a charity fair last week. 動詞不定式作目的狀語常常可以和 in order to 互換使用。如：He wore sun glasses

8、 to protect his eyes from the stro ng sun light=He wore sun glasses-n order to protect his eyes from the strong sun lightKitty and Linda 正在網(wǎng)上談?wù)?Joseph 的旅行。用方框中所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式完成對話。arrive be buy go let see stay take travel visitKitty: Please tell Joseph that my parents agree (1)_ him stay with us. I hope (2

9、)_him at the airport!Lin da: Thank you for allowi ng Joseph (3) _with your family. He pla ns (4) _inBeiji ng on 18 December. He seems (5)_ very excited about the trip. Hed like (6)_many places, but you dont have to take him everywhere. Hell learn (7)_by himself.Kitty: rm very happy to show people ar

10、oun d. I want (8)_ to some places too.Lin da: Dont forget (9) _ Josephto Wan gfuji ng Street the n. He wants (10) _ somepresents for his family and friends.I.根據(jù)下面人物所說的話，用“動詞+ (疑問詞)+動詞不定式”的結(jié)構(gòu)回答問題。1. Mark: Lets help each other.Luke: Sure!Q: What do Mark and Luke agree to do? A:_2. Grandma: I dont eat

11、pork. Ill have fish, please.Q: What does Gran dma choose to eat? A:_3. Emily: I would like to be a writer.Q: What does Emily want to be? A:_4. David: Ill study harder.Q: What does David decide to do? A:_5. David: ril do my homework from 7 p.m. t0 9 p.m.Q: What will David start to do at 7 p.m.? A:_6.

12、 Jack: How can I improve my English?Q: What does Jack want to know? A:_7. Nancy: Should I refuse their invitation?Q: What is Nancy won deri ng?A:_II.用括號內(nèi)“動詞+動詞不定式”的結(jié)構(gòu)完成下列句子。1. It is spring now. Our monitor_(want, organize) a class trip.2. What would you_ (like, drink), tea or coffee?3. I_ (hope, tra

13、vel) around the world when I grow up.4. At last, her parents_ (agree, live) in the city with her.5. Sandy_(prepare, make) a speech at the evening party now.6. The two boys will_ (learn, swim) in the Swimming Club.7. You have poor eyesight, so you can_(choose, sit) in the front of the classroom.8. Pl

14、ease_ (remember, close) the door when you leave the room.9. Dont_(forget, take) an umbrella with you because it is going to rain.10. Look! The little girl_ (try, wake) her mum up.11. The police_ (make) every one_ (leave) the buildi ng at on ce.12. The driver_(let) the old._(travel) on the bus withou

15、t a ticket.13. Jack_(have) his brother_ (wash) the dishes yesterday.14. I dont_(let) people_ (smoke) in my car!III.連詞成句。注意使用正確的時態(tài)。1. (Tomorrow/l/encourage/Janet/enter/the competition.)2. (I was already tired, but I/force/myself go on work in g.)3.(Ann/teach/Mary/drive/last year.)4. (Dont worry! Tomo

16、rrow l/persuade/my father/see/a doctor.)5. (Last Sun day, Joh n/in vite/Sheila/come/for lun ch.)6. (Next year the teachers/allow/the students /use/ calculators in exams.)7. _IV. 根據(jù)括號中的內(nèi)容提示，用動詞不定式完成句子。1. (Policewoma n: Can every one please stay in doors?)The policewoma n asked every one_2. (Jane: Rem

17、ember to come home early, Tim.)Jane remi nded Tim_3. (Manager: You must work more quickly.)The man ager wants us_4. (Captain: Lets do our best in the game.)The captai n en couraged us_5. (Joe: Can you come to my party next Saturday?)Joe in vited me_V. 回答下列問題，將名詞改為代詞，并注意使用正確的時態(tài)。1. A: Did Nicola tell

18、Michael to be careful?B: Yes,_2. A: Would Kate like Peter to stay?B: Yes,_3. A: Does Mrs. White want her son to be a scientist?B: Yes,_4. A: Did the doctor advise Michael to stay in bed?B: Yes,_5. A: Does Susan allow her children to go to late-night parties?B: Yes,_6. A: Did Mary remi nd Mark to pho

19、 ne?B: Yes,_VI. 合并句子，并保持句意基本不變。1. Your sister shouted Help! I heard her.I_2. Tom prepared the sandwiches. Diana watched him.Diana_3. The ground shook. We felt it.We_4. Brian left early. Did you see him?Did you_VII. 用動詞不定式完成下面的對話。注意從括號中選擇正確的動詞。每個動詞僅使用一次。get see improve understand talk remember1. A: W

20、hy did Tony move nearer?B: He moved nearer_ the words on the blackboard more clearly.2. A: Why do you speak with your British friends so often?B: I ofte n speak with them_ my oral En glish.3. A: You have read that article again and again. Tell me why.B: I have read it repeatedly just_ it well.4. A:

21、I dont want to climb to the top of the mountain. It must be very tiring.B: But_ the beautiful view of the whole city, it is well worth doing.5. A: Why are you learning Spanish?B: I am lear ning it_ Spanish films and books.6. A: Why did you leave the lecture hall so late yesterday?B: We left late_ wi

22、th Professor Ki ng about the topic of the lecture.Grammar & Writ ing & More Practice1. We decided to meet Vivien today.decide 動詞，意為“決定”，其常見結(jié)構(gòu)有：decide (not) to do sth 決定(不)做某事They decide (not) to tell Tom about it.2decide on (doi ng) sth 決定(做)某事They decide on flying kites.3decide 十 that 從句She

23、 has decided that she will be a doctor in the future.【拓展】decide 的名詞形式為 decision; make a decision為“作決定”。He has made a decisi on to become a sailo 水手)2. I hope to see you again.hope 在此處用作及物動詞，意為“希望”，后面常接動詞不定式或從句。I hope to see you soon.We hope that we could be back before dinner.【辨析：】hope 與 wish1相同點(diǎn)：都表

24、示想，希望”，賓語可為 to do，不能為 doing.I hope/wish to visit Guili n.2不同點(diǎn)：a. wish 后可以跟復(fù)合賓語，即 wish sb. to do sth我希望你去。 I wish you to go.( V)I hope you to go.( ) xb.兩者都可接 that 從句，但是“hop+that 從句”表示容易實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。“ wish+ that 從句”表示不容易實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，且從句中謂語用虛擬語氣。I hope youll be better soon.我希望你能很快好起.I wish I were ten years younger.我

25、希望自己能年輕 10 歲。c. wish 后可接雙賓語，表示祝愿，但 hope 不能。I wish you a happy New Year!我祝你新年快樂！d. 在簡略答語中，hope 后可接 so,表示 希望如此”，接 not 表示 希望不是這樣”，而 wish不能這樣用。-Tomorrow itll be sunny, wonit?明天會是個晴天，對嗎？-I hope so.希望如此。3. In order to raise money for children inneed 為了給有困難的孩子募集錢款，丹 in order to 慧為“為了.”，表示目的。在用法和意義上與 so as

26、to 相近，但 in order to可用于句首或句中， 而 so as to 多用于句中。 其否定形式分別為 in order not to 和 so as not to。如：He got up very early in order to/so as to catch the first busIn order to catch the first bus he got up very early.Turn the volume dow n in order not to/so as not to wake the child upin order to 和 so as to 在句中表示目

27、的時,常可以轉(zhuǎn)化成 in order that 或 so that 引導(dǎo)的目 的狀語從句。如：We should work hard in order to pass the exam.We should work hard in order that/so that we can pass the exam.4. In 1989, 4.8 million children in the country, aged from seven to fourteen, were unable toatte nd school.G aged 是形容詞，意為“. 歲”。如：Alan has two ch

28、ildren，aged eleven and nine.此外，aged 還有“年老的；年邁的”的意思。如：She has an aged father who is difficult to deal with 她有個難以相處的年邁老父。be unable to 是 be able to 的反義詞組，意為“不能夠；無法”。如：I stayed there for three mon ths and was un able to find a job- attend school 相當(dāng)于 go to school,意為“上學(xué)”。又如：attend class 意為“上課”。5. Because of this the CCTF launched the Spring Bud Project to help them.because 是連詞，后接句子；because of 是復(fù)合介詞，后接名詞、代詞、動名詞等。如：I did nt buy it because it was too expe nsive 我 沒有買是因為它太貴了。He lost his job because of hi