1、 目錄一設計題目：小型計算器程序的編寫2二設計目的和內容2三：基本功能描述3四：設計思路3五：軟件設計：設計步驟、界面設計、關鍵功能的實現31設計步驟：32界面設計43關鍵功能的實現6六：結論與心得體會8七 .參考文獻8八 附錄：8一設計題目：小型計算器程序的編寫二設計目的和內容【設計目的】1學習Visual C+的MFC開發程序的步驟。2綜合運用所學的類、繼承和多態的知識。3進一步掌握程序的調試方法。【設計內容】 1 利用MFC的向導，創建基于對話框的應用程序，添加按鈕、編輯框等控件；2 實現算術加、減、乘、除等運算；3 選做：三角函數的運算、對數運算、指數運算、進制轉換等。界面參考三：基本

2、功能描述 程序運行時，顯示一個MFC程序窗口，等待用戶輸入，用戶可以單擊鼠標輸入要計算的表達式，輸入的表達式在窗口中，用戶鍵入“=”符號后，窗口顯示出結果，該計算器實現了加減乘除以及求倒數運算。四：設計思路1Windows消息處理機制的理解 首先編寫程序需要對Windows程序的消息處理機制（Message Handle）有個比較清晰的了解。Windows的程序都是通過消息來傳送數據，有不需要用戶參與的系統消息，比如異常處理等。還有用戶消息，比如鼠標的單擊，雙擊，鍵盤的鍵入等。2.界面的設計,對需要的各種運算符在窗口中劃出，然后定義各個的屬性3成員函數及其定義，首先對編輯框的相關變量進行定義，

3、定義為m_edit，將消息框和函數聯系起來，然后進行編寫相應函數。4運行結果并測試五：軟件設計：設計步驟、界面設計、關鍵功能的實現1設計步驟：1）. 添加頭文件將Calculate.cpp（見附錄）改為Calculate.h將其添加到計算器Dlg.cpp : implementation file中，如下：#include "Calculate.h"。2.）：成員函數及其釋義virtual BOOL OnInitDialog();afx_msg void OnSysCommand(UINT nID, LPARAM lParam);afx_msg void OnPaint()

4、;afx_msg HCURSOR OnQueryDragIcon();afx_msg void OnChangeEdit1();afx_msg void On1();afx_msg void On2();afx_msg void On3();afx_msg void On4();afx_msg void On5();afx_msg void On6();afx_msg void On7();afx_msg void On8();afx_msg void On9();afx_msg void On0();afx_msg void Onequal();afx_msg void Onadd();af

5、x_msg void Onmin();afx_msg void Onplus();afx_msg void Ondiv();afx_msg void Ondelete();afx_msg void Oncountdown();/AFX_MSGDECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()CAboutDlg:CAboutDlg() : CDialog(CAboutDlg:IDD)/AFX_DATA_INIT(CAboutDlg)/AFX_DATA_INIT2界面設計1）界面的初步設計仿照Windows附件里面的計算器，在資源視圖中畫好界面。2）修改每個static的屬性IDCAPTIONIDD_ST

6、ATIC4簡易表達式計算器 IDC_STATIC1待求表達式IDC_STATIC2運算結果3）修改每個button的屬性IDC_BUTTON1等于（=）IDC_BUTTON2全清（CE）IDC_BUTTON3清除 (C)4)修改每個button的處理機制在類向導Classwizard窗口中進行，如下圖： 其button按鈕的修改類似5)修改每個edit的類型和名稱在類向導Classwizard窗口中進行：單擊Add Variable按鈕，在如下窗口中進行修改其他edit的修改類似最終結果如下：3關鍵功能的實現1）.OnButton1()按鈕的處理函數void CMy1Dlg:On1() / T

7、ODO: Add your control notification handler code herem_jisuan=m_jisuan+"1"UpdateData(FALSE);其他數字按鈕類似2）運算符按鈕的處理函數void CMy1Dlg:Onadd() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code heresign=1;data=atof(m_jisuan);m_jisuan="+"UpdateData(FALSE);m_jisuan=""3)等號的按鈕的處理函數voi

8、d CMy1Dlg:Onequal() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereswitch(sign)case 1:data=data+atof(m_jisuan);break;case 2:data=data-atof(m_jisuan);break;case 3: data=data*atof(m_jisuan);break;case 4: if(atof(m_jisuan)=0) MessageBox("ERROR");break;elsedata=data/atof(m_jisuan);brea

9、k; char Drray50;memset(Drray,0,50);sprintf(Drray,"%f",data);m_jisuan=Drray;UpdateData(FALSE);4)編輯框的按鈕的處理函數void CMy1Dlg:OnChangeEdit1() / TODO: If this is a RICHEDIT control, the control will not/ send this notification unless you override the CDialog:OnInitDialog()/ function and call CRich

10、EditCtrl().SetEventMask()/ with the ENM_CHANGE flag ORed into the mask./ TODO: Add your control notification handler code here六：結論與心得體會 這次課程設計用MFC的相關知識編寫一個小型計算器，剛開整個始感覺這個題目挺新鮮，很想好好嘗試下，平時只知道用計算器，其中的原理卻不甚了解。此次課程設計沒有像上次那樣尷尬，不知從何做起，可能是有了上次的經驗。老師開始的講解感覺作用挺大的，知道了從那塊著手，編寫的過程中不斷出錯，寫的源代碼總是找不到頭文件，這是最讓人郁悶的了。和同

11、學的交流，探討過程，是我對這學期學的類有了更深刻的了解。身邊有很多高手的存在，通過他們的講解很容易對整個過程熟悉，比上次好多了。七 .參考文獻VisualC+7.0 實戰入口八 附錄：調試及測試結果如上，關鍵源代碼如下：#if !defined(AFX_1DLG_H_B53FAC72_C8D2_473B_BF3F_DF4E3D42EB50_INCLUDED_)#define AFX_1DLG_H_B53FAC72_C8D2_473B_BF3F_DF4E3D42EB50_INCLUDED_#if _MSC_VER > 1000#pragma once#endif / _MSC_VER &g

12、t; 1000/ CMy1Dlg dialogclass CMy1Dlg : public CDialog/ Constructionpublic:double data;int sign;CMy1Dlg(CWnd* pParent = NULL);/ standard constructor/ Dialog Data/AFX_DATA(CMy1Dlg)enum IDD = IDD_MY1_DIALOG ;CStringm_jisuan;/AFX_DATA/ ClassWizard generated virtual function overrides/AFX_VIRTUAL(CMy1Dlg

13、)protected:virtual void DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX);/ DDX/DDV support/AFX_VIRTUAL/ Implementationprotected:HICON m_hIcon;/ Generated message map functions/AFX_MSG(CMy1Dlg)virtual BOOL OnInitDialog();afx_msg void OnSysCommand(UINT nID, LPARAM lParam);afx_msg void OnPaint();afx_msg HCURSOR OnQu

14、eryDragIcon();afx_msg void OnChangeEdit1();afx_msg void On1();afx_msg void On2();afx_msg void On3();afx_msg void On4();afx_msg void On5();afx_msg void On6();afx_msg void On7();afx_msg void On8();afx_msg void On9();afx_msg void On0();afx_msg void Onequal();afx_msg void Onadd();afx_msg void Onmin();af

15、x_msg void Onplus();afx_msg void Ondiv();afx_msg void Ondelete();afx_msg void Oncountdown();/AFX_MSGDECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP();/AFX_INSERT_LOCATION/ Microsoft Visual C+ will insert additional declarations immediately before the previous line.#endif / !defined(AFX_1DLG_H_B53FAC72_C8D2_473B_BF3F_DF4E3D42EB

16、50_INCLUDED_)void CMy1Dlg:OnChangeEdit1() / TODO: If this is a RICHEDIT control, the control will not/ send this notification unless you override the CDialog:OnInitDialog()/ function and call CRichEditCtrl().SetEventMask()/ with the ENM_CHANGE flag ORed into the mask./ TODO: Add your control notific

17、ation handler code hereCPP文件中關鍵代碼：/ 計算器1Dlg.cpp : implementation file/#include "stdafx.h"#include "計算器1.h"#include "計算器1Dlg.h"#ifdef _DEBUG#define new DEBUG_NEW#undef THIS_FILEstatic char THIS_FILE = _FILE_;#endif/ CAboutDlg dialog used for App Aboutclass CAboutDlg : pu

18、blic CDialogpublic:CAboutDlg();/ Dialog Data/AFX_DATA(CAboutDlg)enum IDD = IDD_ABOUTBOX ;/AFX_DATA/ ClassWizard generated virtual function overrides/AFX_VIRTUAL(CAboutDlg)protected:virtual void DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX); / DDX/DDV support/AFX_VIRTUAL/ Implementationprotected:/AFX_MSG(CAbout

19、Dlg)/AFX_MSGDECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP();CAboutDlg:CAboutDlg() : CDialog(CAboutDlg:IDD)/AFX_DATA_INIT(CAboutDlg)/AFX_DATA_INITvoid CAboutDlg:DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX)CDialog:DoDataExchange(pDX);/AFX_DATA_MAP(CAboutDlg)/AFX_DATA_MAPBEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CAboutDlg, CDialog)/AFX_MSG_MAP(CAboutDlg)/ No me

20、ssage handlers/AFX_MSG_MAPEND_MESSAGE_MAP()/ CMy1Dlg dialogCMy1Dlg:CMy1Dlg(CWnd* pParent /*=NULL*/): CDialog(CMy1Dlg:IDD, pParent)/AFX_DATA_INIT(CMy1Dlg)m_jisuan = _T("");/AFX_DATA_INIT/ Note that LoadIcon does not require a subsequent DestroyIcon in Win32m_hIcon = AfxGetApp()->LoadIcon

21、(IDR_MAINFRAME);void CMy1Dlg:DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX)CDialog:DoDataExchange(pDX);/AFX_DATA_MAP(CMy1Dlg)DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT1, m_jisuan);/AFX_DATA_MAPBEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CMy1Dlg, CDialog)/AFX_MSG_MAP(CMy1Dlg)ON_WM_SYSCOMMAND()ON_WM_PAINT()ON_WM_QUERYDRAGICON()ON_EN_CHANGE(IDC_EDIT1, OnChang

22、eEdit1)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_1, On1)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_2, On2)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_3, On3)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_4, On4)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_5, On5)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_6, On6)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_7, On7)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_8, On8)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_9, On9)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_0, On0)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_equal, Onequal)ON_BN_CLIC

23、KED(IDC_add, Onadd)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_min, Onmin)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_plus, Onplus)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_div, Ondiv)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_delete, Ondelete)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_countdown, Oncountdown)/AFX_MSG_MAPEND_MESSAGE_MAP()/ CMy1Dlg message handlersBOOL CMy1Dlg:OnInitDialog()CDialog:OnInitDialog();/ Add "

24、;About." menu item to system menu./ IDM_ABOUTBOX must be in the system command range.ASSERT(IDM_ABOUTBOX & 0xFFF0) = IDM_ABOUTBOX);ASSERT(IDM_ABOUTBOX < 0xF000);CMenu* pSysMenu = GetSystemMenu(FALSE);if (pSysMenu != NULL)CString strAboutMenu;strAboutMenu.LoadString(IDS_ABOUTBOX);if (!str

25、AboutMenu.IsEmpty()pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR);pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_STRING, IDM_ABOUTBOX, strAboutMenu);/ Set the icon for this dialog. The framework does this automatically/ when the application's main window is not a dialogSetIcon(m_hIcon, TRUE);/ Set big iconSetIcon(m_hIcon, F

26、ALSE);/ Set small icon/ TODO: Add extra initialization herereturn TRUE; / return TRUE unless you set the focus to a controlvoid CMy1Dlg:OnSysCommand(UINT nID, LPARAM lParam)if (nID & 0xFFF0) = IDM_ABOUTBOX)CAboutDlg dlgAbout;dlgAbout.DoModal();elseCDialog:OnSysCommand(nID, lParam);/ If you add a

27、 minimize button to your dialog, you will need the code below/ to draw the icon. For MFC applications using the document/view model,/ this is automatically done for you by the framework.void CMy1Dlg:OnPaint() if (IsIconic()CPaintDC dc(this); / device context for paintingSendMessage(WM_ICONERASEBKGND

28、, (WPARAM) dc.GetSafeHdc(), 0);/ Center icon in client rectangleint cxIcon = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXICON);int cyIcon = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYICON);CRect rect;GetClientRect(&rect);int x = (rect.Width() - cxIcon + 1) / 2;int y = (rect.Height() - cyIcon + 1) / 2;/ Draw the icondc.DrawIcon(x, y, m_hI

29、con);elseCDialog:OnPaint();/ The system calls this to obtain the cursor to display while the user drags/ the minimized window.HCURSOR CMy1Dlg:OnQueryDragIcon()return (HCURSOR) m_hIcon;void CMy1Dlg:On1() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code herem_jisuan=m_jisuan+"1"UpdateData(

30、FALSE);void CMy1Dlg:On2() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code herem_jisuan=m_jisuan+"2"UpdateData(FALSE);void CMy1Dlg:On3() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code herem_jisuan=m_jisuan+"3"UpdateData(FALSE);void CMy1Dlg:On4() / TODO: Add your control not

31、ification handler code herem_jisuan=m_jisuan+"4"UpdateData(FALSE);void CMy1Dlg:On5() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code herem_jisuan=m_jisuan+"5"UpdateData(FALSE);void CMy1Dlg:On6() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code herem_jisuan=m_jisuan+"6&q

32、uot;UpdateData(FALSE);void CMy1Dlg:On7() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code herem_jisuan=m_jisuan+"7"UpdateData(FALSE);void CMy1Dlg:On8() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code herem_jisuan=m_jisuan+"8"UpdateData(FALSE);void CMy1Dlg:On9() / TODO: Add y

33、our control notification handler code herem_jisuan=m_jisuan+"9"UpdateData(FALSE);void CMy1Dlg:On0() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code herem_jisuan=m_jisuan+"0"UpdateData(FALSE);void CMy1Dlg:Onequal() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereswitch(sign)case 1:data=data+atof(m_jisuan);break;case 2:data=data-atof(m_jisuan);break;case 3: data=data*atof(m_jisuan);break;case 4: if(atof(m_jisuan)=0)MessageBox("ERROR");break;else data=data/atof(m