1、連讀 Liaisons1.元音及元音之間連讀Linking vowels to vowels元音對元音連讀實際上是在元音之間插入半元音j或w,從而使純 元音音節之間過渡變得自然、流暢，讀起來更加上口。半元音插入情況如 下：（1）前面單詞以開元音，如e或i：結尾，緊隨其后單詞以元音開 頭，這時，在兩個單詞之間出現半元音j作為過渡。（2）前面單詞以閉元音，如u或。結尾，緊隨其后單詞以元音開頭, 這時，在兩個單詞之間出現半元音昂作為過渡。（3）為了把兩個相鄰詞連在一起，人們往往在以可或a:結尾詞 后面加上r音，以便和后一個詞起首元音連接，這種添加/r/稱為“外 加音” r。Phrases：be on

2、 timeblue on topsay it mayIweigh it upclue inflew outknew itmy onlychildthe earlybirdveryinterestingdayin and day outI amyouaresheisgo outtoo oftengo awayanyothergo ontry itI saw ittry againthrowawayno waysee offhow oldno endblew awaywho elseplayaroundstay upsee it throughDialogue：Roy： Honey, why ar

3、e you so angry?Susan： She says nothing.Roy： Honey, whyare you soangry? Canyou tell me?Susan： You don' t love me, Roy.Roy： Why do you say such words? I love you very much.Susan： No, you used to be. But not now. You are in love with someone else. You are in love with my friend, Janet. You apprecia

4、te her very much. You think she is beautiful and fun to be with and you think I' m dumb and uninteresting.Roy： Susan, just one last week I went out to have a lunch with her. There is nothing for you to be jealous about. I like your company much better than Janet' s.Susan： I envy her and also

5、 I hate her at the same time.Roy： Honey, you should know that I love you so deeply.Susan： Oh, shut up, Roy.Roy： But honey, I think you， re terrific. There is nothing*Susan: Oh, SHUT UP!2 .輔音及元音之間連讀Linking consonants to vowels這是狹義上連讀，就是當前面單詞以輔音結尾，緊隨其后單詞以元音 開頭，這時將前面輔音同后面元音連在一起，像是構成一個音節一樣讀出 來，以使語言更具有流暢

6、自然特點。但是連讀必須是發生在短語或句子同 一個意群中，在意群（及短語或從句）之間有停頓時，兩個短語或兩個從句 間相鄰音不連讀。一般來說有兩種連讀：（1）在同一意群中兩個詞，前者以輔音結尾，后者以元音開頭，這兩 個音就可以連起來讀。（2）相鄰兩個詞中，前一個以字母r結尾，后一個詞以元音開始，輔 音/r/可及后面元音連讀。這種連讀叫“r連讀”。knock atlook intotakeuptake a chancetake a back seattake a naptake a message to take advantageoftake airlook aboutlook out ofloo

7、k overlookupget out ofget offget intoget mgetawayget along withget upfind outa cup of teaa box of booksapackage of guma line of carsa glass of milka bottle of beer a row of desks a bag ofapplesa carton of cigarettesDialogue：Mary： Just outside the district there was a very dangerous bridge.Smith： Yes

8、. Paul told me that two trucks crashed there in last month.Did you know how it happened?Mary： Well, George was driving the large truck. He was driving a little fast.Smith： George? Who is George? Do I know him?Mary： He is the son of the dentist in our district. I think you know him. He is now the man

9、ager of the travel agency in our district.Smith： Yes. I remember him. He' s always telling jokes. Well, was anybody injured?Mary： Oh, yes. The other truck went over the edge of the bridge, and three children and another passenger were badly injured.Smith： Were both trucks damaged?Mary: Yes.Smith

10、： And what happened to George? Was he injured?Mary： I heard that he hurt his leg terribly and is still in hospital now.Read the following paragraph：It was the last night of the year. It was snowing heavily and the ominous sky had grown dark. A poor little girl was walking bare-foot through the stree

11、ts trying to find people to buy her matches. She had had slippers on when she left home. But they were too big. She had lost them when she crossed the wide and deep street. So then she continued walking along without her slippers.The sad girl looked as thin as the matches that she was selling.She ha

12、d already been walking in the wind and snow for a whole day.No one had bought anything from her; no one had given her even a copper penny. She was shivering with cold, yet she did not dare to go home. If she did not bring money home, her father would beat her. Besides, her home was as cold as the st

13、reet.As her legs could no longer carry her, she sat down at the corner of the street. How fine it would be if she had a little fire before her! She drew a match from the box and struck it against the wall. Oh, how it burned! The girl struck one match after another. It really, seemed as if she was si

14、tting by a great beautiful stove. When the little fire was burning, in her imagination she saw a lot of fine things： a Christmas tree, a goose, and so on. It also seemed to her that her long dead grandmother was standing by her. She was the only person who had been good to her.The next day the New Y

15、ear* s sun was shinning upon the little body that was lying there with the pile of burned matches. The poor girl had gently frozen to death on the last day of the Old Year.3 .輔音及輔音之間連讀Linking consonants to consonants(1)疊加即前面單詞結尾輔音及緊隨其后單詞起始輔音為同一個音時，只讀一次。Phrases：bad deskgood dayreddresstame monkeysad

16、doglike candydeep pondgrabBobtake careblack coffeebook casemore rainpart timejobat two o' clockhot teacar rideripe pearstopplayingkeep pacesore ribsbig gamebig garagebiggatefall leaves(2)失爆：顧名思義，指爆破音失去爆破。發生條件：當前面單詞以p, b, t, d, k, g這六個爆破音中任何一個結尾，而緊隨其后單詞是以 輔音開頭，這時前面單詞中爆破音失去爆破。讀法是在發爆破音時只阻塞 氣流卻不將之釋放

17、，說白了就是只作口型不發音。lap dogmad Johnpetliontruck stopbig shoeshot daya suitcasesitdownput it downred chairround tablegood teacherblackgatecheap boxa bad coldgood teabad boyworkhardlook gooda blackboarda handbaggreatkeep secretteamsweeta mad ratbarkabad newscould belate for the flightlipsreada vast grasslan

18、dfat catjusta great pityleave thethe mapthe lasta pop shoptold him not to shoutpatent rightfeed thegoata red flagDialogue 1：Rent Agent： Good morning, sir. Can I help you?Tony： Good day. I' m looking for a one-bedroom apartment today.Rent Agent： Certainly. How much rent did you want to pay?Tony：

19、Well, I didn' t want to pay more than $900 a month.Rent Agent： $900 a month? We don' t often have apartment asinexpensive as that. We have one apartment for $ 985 a month today, on Eleventh Avenue. It' s near the municipal buildings.Tony： Is it furnished?Rent Agent： No, it' s unfurni

20、shed. It has a kitchen, but there are not many cookers.There' s a garden in the back, but the tenants can' t use it. The landlord lives downstairs. Friends are forbidden in the apartment after midnight. No noise and no television after ll*Tony： No, thank you! I want to take an apartment, not

21、 a prison.Rent Agent： Ok, we would do as your requirement. And we' 11 contact with you later!Dialogue 2:Sally： Hello.Paul： Hello, Sally? This is Paul.Sally: Oh, hi, Paul.Paul ： What happened yesterday? You didn' t come. You forger the date we made, didn' t you?Sally： Well, it rained hard

22、 all day and I had a bad cold, so I decided to stay at home and have a rest.Paul： You did? But I tried to call you at least 40 times and nobody answered.Sally： Oh, the telephone lines were damaged by the storm. They repaired them today.Paul ： What did Bob do yesterday? Did he and his classmate go da

23、ncing?Sally： No, they stayed at home and played cards with other children.Paul ： And what did you do? Did you play cards, too?Sally： No. I listened to records and studied. What did you do yesterday, Paul?Paul： I just told you, Sally. I tried to call you 40 times!Read the following paragraph 1：Here,

24、then, is the problem that I present to you, stark and dreadful and inescapable: Shall we put an end to the human race or shall mankind renounce war? People will not face this alternative because it is so difficult to abolish war. The abolition of war will demand distasteful limitations of national s

25、overeignty. But what perhaps impedes understanding of the situation more than anything else is that the term 'mankind' feels vague and abstract. People scarcely realize in imagination that the danger is to themselves and their children and their grandchildren, and not only to a dimly apprehe

26、nded humanity. And so they hope that perhaps war may be allowed to continue provided modern weapons are prohibited. I am afraid this hope is illusory. Whatever agreements not to use hydrogen bombs had been reached in time of peace, they would no longer be considered binding in time of war, and both

27、sides would set to work to manufacture hydrogen bombs as soon as war broke out, for if one side manufactured the bombs and the other did not, the side that manufactured them would inevitably be victorious.As geological time is reckoned, Man has so far existed only for a very short period one million

28、 years at the most. What he has achieved, especially during the last 6,000 years, is something utterly new in the history of the Cosmos, so far at least as we are acquainted with it. For countless ages the sun rose and set, the moon waxed and waned, the stars shone in the night, but it was only with

29、 the coming of Man that these things were understood. In the great world of astronomy and in the little world of the atom, Man has unveiled secrets which might have been thought undiscoverable. In art and literature and religion, some men have shown a sublimity of feeling which makes the species wor

30、th preserving. Is all this to end in trivial horror because so few are able to think of Man rather than of this or that group of men? Is our race so destitute of wisdom, so incapable of impartial love, so blind even to the simplest dictates of self-preservation, which the last proof of its silly cle

31、verness is to be the extermination of all life on our planet? for it will be not only men who will perish, but also the animals, whom no one can accuse of communism or anticommunism.I cannot believe that this is to be the end. I would have men forget their quarrels for a moment and reflect that, if

32、they will allow themselves to survive, there is every reason to expect the triumphs of the future to exceed immeasurably the triumphs of the past. There lies before us, if we choose, continual progress in happiness, knowledge, and wisdom. Shall we, instead, choose death, because we cannot forget our

33、 quarrels? I appeal, as a human being to human beings ： remember your humanity, and forget the rest. If you can do so, the way lies open to a new Paradise; if you can not, nothing lies before you but universal death.Read the following paragraph 2：Almost 60 percent of overweight women in Britain say

34、they would not allow their partner to see them naked, a body image survey showed last Thursday.Despite the current craze for curvy figures, too much body fat has a devastating impact on every aspect of a womanJ s life, Slimming Magazine said. The magazine* s annual survey of 2,000 women, all of whom regarded themselves a