1、狀語從句指句子用作狀語時(shí)，起副詞作用的句子； 它可以修飾謂語、 非謂語動(dòng)詞、定語、狀語或整個(gè)句子；依據(jù)其作用可分為時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、緣由、條件、目 的、結(jié)果、讓步、方式和比較等從句；狀語從句一般由連詞從屬連詞 引導(dǎo)，也可以由詞組引起； 從句位于句首或句中時(shí)通常用逗號(hào)與主句隔開，位于句尾時(shí)可以不用逗號(hào)隔開；一、時(shí)間狀語從句要點(diǎn):時(shí)間狀語從句，由以下連詞引導(dǎo)：when while as after before as soon as since till /until by the time在時(shí)間狀語從句中，要留意時(shí)態(tài)一樣； 一般情形下主句是將來時(shí)的時(shí)候， 從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；1. when 當(dāng)；的時(shí)候

2、mozart started writing music when he was four years old.當(dāng)莫扎特的時(shí)候，開頭寫音樂作品；2. while 當(dāng)；時(shí)he visited a lot of places while he was traveling.他在旅途中參觀了很多地方；3. as在；的同時(shí)；一邊；一邊； he smiled as he stood up.他一邊站起來一邊笑著；4. after 在；之后he left the classroom after he had finished his homework the other day.前幾天做完作業(yè)之后回的家；5.

3、 before 在；之前mr. brown had worked in a bank for a year before he came here.布朗先生來這之前已經(jīng)在一家銀行里工作一年了；6. as soon as一；就；we began to work as soon as we got there.我們一到那就開頭工作；i will write to you as soon as i get home.我一到家就給你寫信；7. since 自；以來到現(xiàn)在表示自過去的一個(gè)起點(diǎn)時(shí)間到目前說話時(shí)間 為止的一段連續(xù)時(shí)間；主句一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)；mr green has taug

4、ht in that school since he came to china three years ago.自格林先生來中國以來，他就在這所學(xué)校教書；仍可以用作介詞， 本句從句仍可以用短語： since three years ago自來表示； 8 till /until三年前以都可以作連詞，連接時(shí)間狀語，也可以作介詞，與其它詞構(gòu)成介詞短語，在句中作狀語；they walked till /until it was dark.他們始終走到天黑；xiao ming didnt leave home till /iluhnist father came back.小明直到他爸爸回來才離開家；

5、9. by the time 到；為止所在句子的主句應(yīng)用完成時(shí) by the time he gets there , his father has already gone.他到家的時(shí)候，他爸爸已經(jīng)走了；by the time i got to school, the class had already began.我到校時(shí)，已經(jīng)開頭上課了；難點(diǎn) as when while 的辨析as when while 都表示主、從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，三者差異如下： 表示“一邊；一邊的意思as 強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，并表示對(duì)比時(shí)用于發(fā)生時(shí)間較段時(shí)when 1、仍可以表示從句動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作在主幾句動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前或

6、之后發(fā)生；2、whenand then; at that moment 正在那個(gè)時(shí)候 while 1、用于時(shí)間較長時(shí)2、 強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，并表示對(duì)比時(shí)有時(shí)這三個(gè)連詞可以互換，有時(shí)不行以； lit was raining hard when as i got there.我到那里時(shí)，正在下大雨；動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生， when 可換為 as, 但不能換為while，由于 get 是點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞 .lwhen i had read the article, he called me.我看完這篇文章之后，她給我打了電話；從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句之前，留意時(shí)態(tài)表達(dá)，只能用when lwhen i got to th

7、e cinema, the film had begun.當(dāng)我到了電影院時(shí)， 電影已經(jīng)開演了； 從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句之后，只能用 when,并要留意時(shí)態(tài) lhe was about to leave, when the telephone rang.他剛要離開，突然電話響了；此時(shí)不能放在句首；主句動(dòng)詞一般表達(dá)“正在” 即“將”.while, as 不能代替考點(diǎn)lshe thought i was talking about her daughter, while, in fact, i was talking about my daughter.他以為我在談她女兒，然而，實(shí)際上在談?wù)撐遗畠海槐?/p>

8、轉(zhuǎn)折，對(duì)比， when, as 都不能代替它 考點(diǎn)lwhile the alien was buying a souvenir, the girl called the police.外星人買紀(jì)念品時(shí)，那女孩給警察打了電話；表示主句，從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，while 后引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的動(dòng)詞必需是連續(xù)動(dòng)詞不能是點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞，由于它表示較長時(shí)間考點(diǎn)lmother was worried because little alice was ill, especially as when/ while father was away.媽媽擔(dān)憂，由于小愛麗絲病了， 特殊是他父親不在家的時(shí)候； 此時(shí) as ,whe

9、n, while 可通用學(xué)問擴(kuò)展1. it is since 從；以來多長時(shí)間了由于 since +從句或名詞，表示一段時(shí)間it is five years since we met last time從.我們上次見面已經(jīng)五年了；2. it is +before；才 it was a long time before i went to sleep again.過了很長時(shí)間我才睡著；it was an hour beforeuntil the police arrived.過了一個(gè)小時(shí)，警察才來；二、條件狀語從句要點(diǎn)：表示狀語從句由連詞if, unless =if not引導(dǎo)；1. if it

10、 doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go hiking.假如明天不下雨 , 我們就去遠(yuǎn)足 .2. you will get good grades if you study hard.假如你努力學(xué)習(xí) ,就會(huì)取得好成果 .3.i will go to the party unless he goes there too.我不會(huì)去參與聚會(huì)的 , 除非他也去 .假如他不去 ,我也不去 . 4.you will be late unless you leave immediately.假如你不立刻走 ,你將會(huì)遲到的 .=if you dont leave immediatel

11、y, you will be late.難點(diǎn)提示：用條件狀語從句時(shí)要留意時(shí)態(tài)的正確使用,當(dāng)主句是將來時(shí)的時(shí)候,從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) .lhe will not leave if it isnt fine tomorrow.一般將來時(shí)，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)lthey are going to have a picnic if it doesnt rain next week.一般將來時(shí) , 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)考點(diǎn)三、緣由狀語從句要點(diǎn): 由連詞 because, since, a引s 導(dǎo), 也可由 for, now that 等詞引導(dǎo)1.i didnt go to school yesterday because i

12、 was ill.我昨天沒去上學(xué)，由于我生病了；2. since everybody is here, lets begin our meeting.既然大家都來了 , 讓我們開頭開會(huì)吧 .3. as you are in poor health, you should not stay up late.既然你身體不好 , 你就不該熬夜 .4.i asked her to stay to tea, for i had something to tell her.我請(qǐng)她留下來喝茶 ,由于我有事要告知她 .難點(diǎn) because , since , as , fo辨r, 析在語氣上，because

13、最重, 表示的是直接理由 ,回答 why時(shí)只能用它 . 其次是since, as 一,般不表示緣由 , 而是說明理由 , 進(jìn)一步說明 .譯為：由于，既然. for 被認(rèn)為是復(fù)合句的并列連詞常用于推斷 ,表示理由 .四、地點(diǎn)狀語從句要點(diǎn): 由連詞 where 和復(fù)合關(guān)系詞 wherever =no matter where 引導(dǎo).學(xué)問擴(kuò)展1.where there is a will , there is a way.有志者事竟成； 諺語1. it will be mixed school where not all the children are disabled.他將是一所混合式學(xué)校，那里

14、的兒童并不都是殘疾；在限定性定語從句中對(duì)限先行詞起限定作用；2. wherever you go , i go too.無論你到什么地方，我都去；wherever=no matter where無論何處，多用于句首；3. wherever there is smoke , there is fire.無風(fēng)不起浪； 諺語4. while she was wondering where to go , she met a policeman.疑問副詞 where 后跟不定式 ,構(gòu)成不定式短語 . 考點(diǎn)五、目的，結(jié)果狀語從句要點(diǎn)：目的狀語從句由連詞that, so that, sothat , in

15、 orde引r th導(dǎo)a；t結(jié)果狀語從句由連詞 so that, sothat, suchthat, so much/man引ythat導(dǎo)；1. sothat 如此以至于the scientists report was so instructive that we were all veitreyde. xc科學(xué)家的報(bào)告很有啟示性，我們感到很興奮；he always studied so hard that he made great progress.他總是那么努力，結(jié)果他取得了很大的進(jìn)步；2. so that 以至, 以便i ll run slowly so that you can c

16、atch up with me目. 的我將漸漸跑以至你能趕上我；i opened the window so that fresh air might come in. 目 的我把窗戶打開以使新奇空氣可以進(jìn)來；3. suchthat如此；以至it s such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park.天氣是如此的好，我們大家都想去公園玩；4. in order that=so that:為了we shall let you know the details soon in order that you can/may make yo

17、ur arrangements.不久我們將會(huì)讓你知道詳情,以便你們能夠做出支配；目的難點(diǎn)+形容詞或副詞+形+aan+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞so +many 或 few+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that+much 或 little+ 不行數(shù)名詞lso that ,suchth都a可t以 in order that 兩者皆可引導(dǎo)目的地狀語從句和結(jié)果狀語從句，當(dāng)他們引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句時(shí)，從句的謂語里經(jīng)常有can, could, may, might, will, would等次；見例句2, 5 lso +adj./adv.+ that，such +n.+ that 以上兩種句型都表示結(jié)果,其中 so為副詞 ,后接形容詞，

18、 副詞原型， 當(dāng)可數(shù)名詞前有many, few；不行數(shù)名詞前有much, little修飾時(shí)，應(yīng)采納句型： so many few, much, little +n. ； such 為形容詞 , 后只能接名詞；這名詞既可以地可數(shù)的，也可以是不行數(shù)的；假如這名詞是可數(shù),單數(shù),就必需在名詞前敬重冠詞aan. 常見的形式是 :such a beautifulgarden,suchnicepeople.lthe weather is so nice that id like to take a walk.天氣是如此只好 ,以至于我想去散漫步 .lmike is so honest a man that

19、 we all believe him.麥克是如此誠懇的一個(gè)人,以至于大家都信任他=mike is such an honest man that we all believe him.考點(diǎn)live had so many falls that im black and blue all over.我跌了很多跤，渾身數(shù)摔得清一塊紫一塊.lthere are so few notebooks that i cant give you any.筆記本太少了 ,我一本也給不了你 .lit is such nice weather that id like to take a walk.天氣是如此只好

20、 ,以至于我想去散漫步 . 考點(diǎn)六、讓步狀語從句要點(diǎn): 表示讓步的狀語從句由連詞though, although引導(dǎo).難點(diǎn)：lthough, although當(dāng)雖然講 , 都不能和 but 連用. although,though的bu格t 式是不對(duì)的 .但是他們都可以同yet still連用. 所以 thought althoughyets的till格式是正確的 .lwrong: although he is rich but he is not happy. right : although he is rich, yet he is not happy.雖然他很富有 , 然而他并不歡樂 .

21、lright : although we have grown up, our parents treat us as children. right : although we have grown up, our parents still treat us as children.盡管我們已經(jīng)長大了 ,可是我們的父母仍把我們看作小孩.although, though 辨析although 不能 though 那樣用作副詞 , 放在句末表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)要用even though. lhe is looking fit, though.但是,他看上去很健康 . 考點(diǎn)leven though i d

22、idnt under a word, i kept smiling.盡管我一個(gè)字也不懂，我仍是始終微笑著；lhe is quite experienced, he is young, though. 盡管他很年輕，他很有體會(huì)；七、比較狀語從句要點(diǎn)：比較狀語從句主要運(yùn)用于形容詞和副詞的原級(jí)，比較級(jí)及最高級(jí)的句子之中；原級(jí)1. asas和；一樣 jack is as tall as bob. 捷克和湯姆一樣高；2. not soasas和不一樣she is not soasoutgoing as her sister.她不如她姐姐外向；比較級(jí)morethan 更this book is more

23、instructive than that one.這本書比那本書由訓(xùn)練意義；最高級(jí)1. the mostin/ofthis book is the most interesting of the three.這本書是三本中最好玩的；2. the + 形容詞+estof/inthis road is the busiest street in our city.這條路是我們城市最繁忙的街道；學(xué)問擴(kuò)展lno more than 只不過嫌少的意思 i have no more than two pens.我只有兩支筆；it s no more than a mile to the shops.去商

24、店不過一英里；lnot more than 不如； 前者不如后者 jack is not more diligent than john.捷克不如約翰勤奮；lone of the + 名詞復(fù)數(shù).之一用于最高級(jí) han mei is one of the best students in our school. 韓梅是我們學(xué)校最好的同學(xué)之一；練習(xí)一、用 when , while ,as soon as, not填u空ntil1. the car hit the man he was crossing the road.2. ill tell you the good news i get the

25、re.3. he go to bed 11oclock last night.4. the accident happened i was on my way to work.5. sports build the body reading builds the mind.6. i used to be rather quite i was young.二、用 although , though, however填空1. they got to the airport on time the traffic was bad.2. we had a wonderful the food was

26、terrible.3. some people think winter is a bad saeson. , for me itsa good time because i live cold, rainy weather.三、用 because, since, sotha填t, 空if1. we re young, we shouldnt be too afraid of making mistakes.2. the weather was nice i spent the whole day in the park.3. he couldnt come to your party he

27、was ill.4. were you, i would wear that earrings.四、填入適當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞1. i haven't heard from him he went to america.2. he won't be here he is invited.3. he will not go to the cinema he is very busy.4. we found the key she lad left it.5. we found the books two days he had gone away.6. we had no sooner g

28、ot to the station the train left.7. he speaks english he were an englishman.8. he is explaining clearly they could understand.9. do not leave the room you have finished the test.10. she sang she went along.五、 改錯(cuò)1. the children were running on the playground as fast as they can.2. since her husband h

29、ad die，d so she had to support her family.3. he won't go out until his mother will come.4. he was very foolish that he didn't pass such an easy exam.5. tom had gone out as soon as his mother got home.6. it was three months since he came to our school.7. the playground of our school is larger

30、 than their school.8. the streets in nanjing are wider than shanghai.9. whatever there is plenty of sun and rai，n the fields are green.10. she sings songs as if she is a bird.答案:一、1.while 2.as soon as 3d. idn t , until 4.while 5.while 6.when二、1.although/though 2.although/though 3.however三、1. since,

31、2.sothat, 3.because, 4.if四、1. since2. unless3. because4. where5. after6. than7. as if8. so that9. before10. asii 、1. can 改為 could2. 去掉 so3. will come 改為 comes4. very 改為so五、as soon as改為 when6. was 改為 is7. than 之后加上 that of8. than后 加 those in9. whatever改為 wherever10. is 改為 were學(xué)問遷移 欄目狀語從句在解完形填空題的作用在完形

32、填空解題過程中， 正確使用狀語從句中的連接詞及副詞， 對(duì)于把握作者思路、從不同角度進(jìn)行合乎規(guī)律的推理， 進(jìn)而達(dá)到懂得全文、 構(gòu)建篇章意識(shí)來解決問題，起著打算性的作用；example 1,some people dislike certain food 1 they are not used to it. the japanese enjoy eating raw fish 2 few americans would want to taste it. some people do not eat particular food for religious reasons. for instan

33、ce, muslims do not eat pork3 pigs are thought to be unclean.1 a. because b. before c. when d. since 2 a. as b. when c. while d. after3 a. although b. because c. till d. so that example 2.people enjoy the food that they grew up with. as a cultural group, we learn to like what is available現(xiàn)成可使用的 to us

34、. sometimes we need to change our eatinghabits. 4 we move or travel to a new place with a different culture, or favorite food may not be available to us. 5 we have to eat food that is different from the food we are used to .4 a. when b. because c. as soon as d. if 5 a. as a result b. before c. so d.

35、 for example 3try not to leave any caller on hold for too long. it is better to tell someone you will call back 6 you are free. be sure to return calls 7 you can. 8 you can not return the call immediately, apologize to the caller for the delay.6 a. while b. after c. when d. because 7 a. if b. as soon as c. until d. as8 a. where b. unless c. since d. if example 4the