1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上初中英語選詞填空題解題技巧與專題訓(xùn)練 根據(jù)平時的觀察，學(xué)生在做英語“選詞填空”時，遇較多困難，有的甚至條件反射一樣畏懼或厭煩。在此，我把平時積累的解題技巧和訓(xùn)練技巧略作歸納，希望能給有大家提供一點(diǎn)幫助。 “選詞填空”要求學(xué)生利用所給的10-11個詞匯（今年的湛江中考要求是用給出10個詞匯補(bǔ)全一篇有10個空缺的短文)。據(jù)觀察，所給出的詞匯一般有名詞、代詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞、數(shù)詞、冠詞、介詞和連詞等，補(bǔ)全一篇有10個空缺的短文。要攻克這一難關(guān)，學(xué)生除了要進(jìn)行大量的課外閱讀，積累豐富的語言知識外，還需掌握一定的解題技巧。 1.在拿到題目後，不要急于看文章，首先對備選的詞匯

2、研究幾遍，對詞性作簡單的標(biāo)記，例如：名詞-n.，動詞-v.，形容詞-a.，副詞-ad. 等等。同時對詞義作初步的理解。 2.通讀全文，語義完整、適用、合乎邏輯是做好填詞的前提。通過上、下文的句子，充分理解短文的內(nèi)容，注意發(fā)現(xiàn)固定搭配關(guān)系，憑借語感積極主動地猜測空格中所缺的信息，根據(jù)需要去備選詞匯中尋找匹配的答案。 3.在選定單詞後，不要輕率地填入。在填詞過程中，需要瞻前顧後，既要符合本句的含義，又要保證句式結(jié)構(gòu)的正確。當(dāng)你選定一個名詞時，要考慮是否要把它變成復(fù)數(shù)或“所有格”形式。例如：match-matches,friend-friends/friend's/friends。其他還要考

3、慮名詞是否需要變成形容詞，例如：sun-sunny, use-useful/useless/used, care-careful,danger-dangerous；在遇到動詞時，要有意識地去考慮時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化以及非謂語動詞形式的變化(動詞不定式- to do, 現(xiàn)在分詞-doing, 過去分詞-done, 固定搭配-enjoy doing sth./used to do sth./have sth. done)；形容詞和副詞填空時要主動去判定是否需要變成比較級或最高級，還有它們之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換以及形容詞變名詞的需求也需考慮，例如：interesting-more /the most inter

4、esting, happy-happily，happy -happiness; 填入代詞時，需注意辨別主格、賓格、名詞性和形容詞性物主代詞或反身代詞的用法；數(shù)詞方面要注意基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的變化以及分?jǐn)?shù)和虛實(shí)數(shù)的用法，例如：three-third, 2/3-two thirds, one thousand/thousands of ；冠詞只需要在 a或an之間判別，如a girl/an old man; 當(dāng)遇到介詞和連詞時，就更簡單，只要符合上下文邏輯或固定短語搭配，填入即可。為了方便記憶，試著記住下面的順口溜：空前空后要注意，“名詞”單復(fù)數(shù)要牢記，還有 's 不能棄，“動詞”注意要變形，

5、“形副”注意要用三種級，要填“數(shù)詞”請留意，千萬別忘 “基” 和“序”，填入“代詞”需慎重，五格變化要謹(jǐn)記。4.完成填詞后，應(yīng)通讀全文，復(fù)核校對。檢查單詞拼寫是否正確，是否有時態(tài)、語態(tài)、慣用法及詞語選用上的錯誤，以確保答案的正確性。最後把答案填入答卷時，切勿錯位。初中英語選詞填空題的解題思路： 1跳過空格、通讀短文、了解大意。解題時先跳過空格，通讀完形填空的短文，了解全篇的內(nèi)容和要旨。要重視首句，善于以首句的時態(tài)、語氣為立足點(diǎn)，理清文脈，推測全文主題及大意。2復(fù)讀短文、確定語義、判斷詞形。把握短文大意后再認(rèn)真復(fù)讀短文，利用上下文的語境，結(jié)合所學(xué)過的知識，先確定空格處所需詞語的意義，再根據(jù)空格在

6、句子中的位置，判斷其在句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑瑥亩_定所填詞的詞性，再依據(jù)詞語搭配和語法規(guī)則，判斷所填的詞的正確形式。3三讀短文、上下參照、驗(yàn)證答案。在短文的每一空白處填上一個詞后，將完成的短文再細(xì)讀一遍，上下參照，連貫思考。把所填的答案放入短文中進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)，可從上、下文內(nèi)容是否協(xié)調(diào)一致、順理成章，語法結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確無誤等進(jìn)行綜合驗(yàn)證，凡有疑問必須重新推敲考慮。做選詞填空題時應(yīng)注意如下幾點(diǎn)：1語義完整、適用是做好填詞的前提，要從全文的內(nèi)容出發(fā)，前后上下聯(lián)系起來考慮，避免只見樹木不見森林的錯誤。2要善于從文中同樣結(jié)構(gòu)或類似結(jié)構(gòu)中尋找線索，從中得到提示和啟發(fā)，幫助確定應(yīng)填詞的詞性和詞形，這樣可避免想當(dāng)然地隨意

7、亂填。3填詞時應(yīng)注意詞形，不可簡單地都填原形詞。若空格內(nèi)填的是名詞，要考慮其單復(fù)數(shù)形式；若填的是形容詞或副詞，則要考慮其是否屬于比較等級；如若填的是動詞，則要特別注意考慮其時態(tài)和語態(tài)。如在句首，還要考慮其首字母的大寫。4有些空格需要填入介詞、連詞等結(jié)構(gòu)詞，除考慮上下文的內(nèi)容外，還要考慮和其他詞的固定搭配及其慣用法結(jié)構(gòu)。 中考英語選詞填空題的專項訓(xùn)練 （一)enjoy, where, see, idea, go, take, morning, make, with, problemA：what are you going to do next weekend?B:I have no 1_. Wh

8、at about you?A:I dont know.Do you want to do something2_me?B:Sure.What do you want to do?A:How about 3_ fishing on Saturday?B: Ok . 4_ are we going to meet?A:Lets meet at my house.My father has a boat.He can 5_ us fishing on the lake.B:What time shall we leave?A:Lets leave at 5:30 in the 6_. Fishing

9、 is good at that time.B:So early? Can we 7_ it a little later?A:Well,no 8_. What about 6:00?B:Great. We are sure 9_ ourselves. 10_ you at 6:00 on Saturday morning.A:Ok. Bye! (二） leave, what, ask, in, driver, something, inside, bring, me, how A：Good morning,madam. May I help you?B:Yes , Im afraid I1_

10、my handbag in the taxi this morning. A:Whats2_the handbag?B:About 8000 yuan.A: 3_ else?B:Yes, my ID card, I think.A:By the way, have you4_ for the taxi ticket?B:Yes, the ticket5_ is .A:Well, Ill help you to call the taxi 6_. (Knocking at the door)B:Come in, please.A:Good morning, sir. I found this h

11、andbag on my taxi and I 7_it here. Theres much money 8_.B:Thank you very much.(turning to the woman) Is this your handbag?A: Yes, its 9_ .Thank goodness!10_ a kind man! Thank you. (三） eat, around, be, of, amusement, difference, probable, gift, but, otherHave you ever been to Disneyland? First, most

12、of the kids 1_ the world, this 2_ park is a fantastic place for them to have fun. When we 3_young, we all have heard 4_ Mickey Mouse, sleeping beauty, Snow White and many Disney characters. Some of us 5_have seen them in cartoons. Actually, you can go to see them in a theme park. Now, there are four

13、 6_Disneyland amusement parks all over the world. Two are in the United States, one is in Tokyo, and the7_ is in France. There are not only some amusement attractions there,8 _ also many specials with Disney characters. In Disneyland, you can have a lot of fun watching Disney movies, 9_in Disney res

14、taurants, and buying Disney10_. (四）choose, difference, never, thirsty, need, time, play, on, exercise, throughDo you want to be healthier? Then go1_ the passage, and you may find its easy to keep fit.Eat all kinds of foods, especially fruits and vegetablesYou may have a favourite kind of food, but t

15、he best 2_ is to eat as many kinds as possible. If you eat 3_ foods, youre more likely to get the nutrients your body need. Taste new foods that you4_ tried before. Some foods, such as green vegetables, are very important. Have five servings(份）of fruits and three vegetables.Drink water and milk ofte

16、nWhen you are really5_,cold water is the No.1 choice. Kids need calcium(鈣）to grow strong, and milk is a great source of this mineral(礦物質(zhì)）. How much do children6_? About three glasses of milk every day.Limit screen timeWhats screen time? Its the7_ for watching TV, DVDs and videos,8 _ computer games,

17、and using the computer. If you spend much time9_these activities, you may have less time left to take10_, such as playing basketball, bicycling and swimming. (五） before, shine, fast, in, come, watch, so, cannot, it, ago Light travels at a speed which is about a million times 1_ than that of sound. 2

18、_one second, light travels about 300,000 kilometres, but sound travels only 340metres. You can get some idea of this difference by 3_ the start of a running math. If you stand far away from the starter(發(fā)令員）, you can see smoke 4_ from his gun 5_the sound reaches your ears. The fast speed of light pro

19、duces some strange facts. The nearest star is 6_far away that light which you can see from it tonight started to travel to you four years 7_at a speed of nearly two million kilometres every minute. The light from some of tonights started on 8_ journey towards you even before you were born. So if we want to be honest,we