1、外文資料9th international workshop and tutorials edm2008, session ii, july 1-5, erlagollaboratory complex for metrologicalcharacteristics calibration and research of pressure gaugesmihail ju. loktev 1, victor a. abanin 1, andrey v. kornienko 2, vasiliy b. ananiyn biysk technological institute of the alt

2、ay state technical university by. i.i. polzunov, biysk, russiafsue federal research and production center altay, biysk, russiaabstract - the structure of a laboratory complex for calibration and research of pressure strain gauges is being founded. the analysis of the obtained results is given. the l

3、aboratory complex can be applied at the industrial enterprises and in educational process for the students of instrument-making specialties.index terms calibration, pressure strain gauge, digital measuring unit dk 38 s6 (digital compensator),pressurei. introductionthe urgency of working out of a lab

4、oratory complex calibration and research of pressure strain gauges is caused by growing quality requirements to gauge metrological characteristics control in operational conditions reducing simultaneously results processing and registration time. their performance is connected with the necessity to

5、apply automated registration and processing of output electrical signals of the gauges according to the set algorithms, registrations and print of the documents.from the analysis of practical experience of metrological maintenance of the measuring devices that are applied in the test engineering, th

6、e expediency of expansion of methodical laboratory complex supply to have a possibility to perform experimental research to get additional measuring data that are connected with the particular effect of operational conditions on the gauges along with standard metrological procedures that are conduct

7、ed in gauges calibration. besides the developed laboratory complex is actual to be applied for the educational purposes with the students of instrument-making specialties in high schools that allows to approximate as much as possible the educational process to the real operation of industrial metrol

8、ogical services.the novelty of the work consists in possibility to analyze comparatively the metrological characteristics of various type gauges by the results of their experimental research with standard or special test impacts.the purpose of the given work is to increase efficiency of the control

9、work of metrological pressure gauges characteristics that are used in test engineering, and also to improve educational process on the base of modern computer technologies application and hardware at the student laboratory researches that are trained metrology, standardization, certification on a sp

10、ecialty information and measuring engineering.to obtain the given object the following complex of the interconnected problems was being solved a choice of structure of a laboratory complex with the modern element base, computer technologies, working out of methodical maintenance of gauge calibration

11、 work and also the laboratory works aimed at studying a modern status and perspective trends to improve pressure gauges. ii. technique of working out of alaboratory complexat the first stage of the work the choice of laboratory complex structure of a (fig. 1) is performed. the choice is performed on

12、 the base of the modern status analysis of information-measuring engineering and metrological maintenance development to measure and measurement of overpressure. the basic structural elements of the laboratory complex are the working standard of pressure that is dead-weight pressure gauge of type of

13、 mt-60 or mt-600 (a class of accuracy 0,05), pressure strain gauges of various accuracy grades, digital compensator dk38s6 of firm hbm of germany (accuracy grades 0,0025), pc. in the methodical plan the choice of type the gauges was important. it is spent on the basis of following criteria: potentia

14、lly high accuracy of a physical principle of action, release of gauges by the industrial enterprises, wide area of practical application (the industry, the test technology, scientific researches), possibility of formation of party gauges with various constructive schemes and manufacturing techniques

15、 of elastic elements and measuring converters. from the analysis of a modern status of development of gauges (sensor controls) it is established, that in the greatest measure to the specified criteria satisfy the pressure strain gauges which principle of action is based on tension resistive effect-c

16、hange of resistance of resistors from metal alloys or semiconductors under the influence of deformations.applied types of gauges are broken into three groups.fig. 1. structure of the laboratory complex1 - dead-weight pressure gauge; 2-1, 2-2, , 2-n - analyzed gauges;3 - digital compensator dk38s6 fi

17、rms hbm (germany); 4 -pc; 5 - software; 6 - printer.the first group of gauges is characterized by following features of a design and manufacturing techniques. elastic elements of gauges are made of the hollow cylinder and with fixed on him on glutinous technology wire strain gauge from constantan. m

18、easured pressure is passed to an elastic element through an additional membrane with an intermediate element.at gauges of the second group elastic elements are made of the deaf cylinder with fixed on him glue strain gauge from constantan. measured pressure operates from a free end face of the hollow

19、 cylinder.at the third group of gauges an elastic element is the membrane, on the one hand which measured pressure operates, and on an opposite side are fixed strain gauge, made on without glue microelectronic technology.the general for all gauges is connection strain gauge in wheatstone bridge elec

20、tric circuit. transformation of signals of gauges is provided digital compensator dk38s6 of a class of accuracy-0.0025. the basic functional sites of digital jack dk38s6 are amplifier mtf 3751 alternating currents on frequency of 225 hz, analogue-digital converter adc 3750 and the micro-computer. di

21、gital jack dk38s6 strengthens signals of gauges and makes their analogue- digital transformation, filters hindrances, translates figures in units of measure, passes results on standard interfaces rs232c and ieee 488-78 in the computer and other peripheral equipment. pressure of a food of the gauge i

22、s switched on in a chain of a feedback and used for autocalibration. autocalibration can periodically repeat or on request of the operator. the strengthened measuring signals from the gauge are demodulated also move on the filter of low frequencies.management of job analog-digital converter ad 3750

23、carries out the micro-computer, operating working functions of the device and providingcommunication between all its blocks. digital value on a converter exit to proportionally relation of the entrance pressure uj arriving from an exit of the gauge, and basic pressure of food u. dk38s6 ensures funct

24、ioning on 16 channels with various combinations of installations of a range and parameters of gauges, filters, calibration modes. results of measurements stand out in the form of value of working factor of transfer mb/b on the display and if necessary on the printer built in the device.iii. methodic

25、al maintenance of experimental researches of gaugeshysteresis and nonlinearity definition calibration chart of gauges of pressure are spent by typical techniques1.at carrying out of experimental researches of gauges definition of two their new characteristics is entered:1. instability of target sign

26、als of gauges from long and continuous in time of action of pressure equal to rating value.2. a mean square deviation of a casual making error of gauges from action of sequence of pressure differences; instability ti target signals of gauges from long and continuous in time of action of pressure equ

27、al to rating value characterizes change in time of current values of signals during time moments ti concerning its initial value at the moment of time t1 (fig. 2). the specified characteristic ti pays off under the formula (1). fig. 2. test continuous effect in time of reference pressure gauge at de

28、finition of instability of target signals. time of action of reference loading corresponding to face value of gauge pnom. t = t1 - t2 should make 20 minutes quantity of results of measurement of target signals of gauges should be from 20 to 30. (1)where rkpt1 - a target signal of the gauge at the mo

29、ment of time t1 - the beginnings of action of a rated load; rkpti - a target signal of the gauge at a rated load in time present situation ti. the casual component of an error gauges at effect of differences pressure reference (fig. 3) from zero value to value equal to face value of gauges pnom pays

30、 off under the formula (2). the quantity of impulses to loadings makes from 20 to 30. fig. 3. test loading of reference differences of pressure fordefinition of a casual making error.where rkpi - working factor of transfer to the investigated gauge at difference with number i, n - quantity of loadin

31、gs. iv. the analysis of results experimental researchesby present time the analysis of results experimental researches of instability target signals of gauges from long and continuous in time of action pressure equal to rating value is carried out. typical relative changes target signals of the inve

32、stigated gauges from long and continuous in time of pressure action equal to rating value are displayed in fig. 4. fig. 4 - change of testimonials from of effect nominal pressurein particular it is established, that from long influence of reference level of pressure the least deviations of target si

33、gnals are observed at strain gauges of pressure of the second type. at this type of strain gauges relative changes of signals do not exceed 0,002 %. the greatest deviations (0,10-0,12) % of target signals it is noted at strain gauges of the firsttype at which are applied wire strain gauge from const

34、antan fixed on an elastic element of gauges by glue.the least level of nonlinearity and hysteresis calibration chart of gauges is noted at gauges of the second group. nonlinearity calibration chart of gauges this group is in limits (0,11 0,14) %, and a hysteresis (0,03 0,05) %.the greatest level of

35、nonlinearity and hysteresis calibration chart of gauges is observed at gauges of the first group. nonlinearity calibration chart of gauges changes in limits (0,68 0,87) %, and a hysteresis (0,15 0,24) %.nonlinearity and hysteresis calibration chart of gauges the third group of gauges are characteriz

36、ed by intermediate values of the given characteristics of gauges of the first and second group. v. conclusionsthe structure of a laboratory complex, methodical maintenance and software which can be applied to calibration of pressure strain gauges with the control of their metrological characteristic

37、s in operational conditions, and also in educational process for the students of an instrument-making specialty that are trained on the specialty information and measuring engineering is founded.references1 levshina e.s., novitsky p.v. electric measurements of physical sizes: (measuring converters)

38、the manual. - l: energatomizdat, 1983. - 320 with., silt.2 operating manual dk38s6, hottinger baldwin messetechnik gmbh mihail ju. loktev student of the fifth year of the biysk technological institute, faculty of information technologies, automation and management, specialty information and measurin

39、g engineering. victor a. abanin, doctor of technical sciences professor of measuring and automation methods and means chair of the biysk technological institute. scientific research field is designing means of measuring mechanical values of force, pressure and movement for test engineering and machi

40、ne building industry. vasiliy b. ananiyn was born in caryvka, russia, 1950. he graduated from tomsk university of control system and radiolectronics in 1972. now he is chief metrology fsue federal research and production center altay.andrey v. kornienko was born in biysk, russia, 1976. he graduated

41、from biysk technological institute in 2002. engineer first category fsue federal research and production center altay.中文翻譯第九屆國(guó)際講習(xí)班和edm教程 2008 年，第二屆會(huì)議，7 月 15，erlagol實(shí)驗(yàn)室復(fù)雜計(jì)量特性標(biāo)定和壓力測(cè)量?jī)x的研究mihail ju. loktev 1, victor a. abanin 1, andrey v. kornienko 2, vasiliy b. ananiyn 2阿爾泰國(guó)立技術(shù)大學(xué)的比斯克技術(shù)研究所i.i.polzunov，比

42、斯克，俄羅斯fsue 聯(lián)邦研究和生產(chǎn)中心阿爾泰，比斯克，俄羅斯摘要 應(yīng)用于壓應(yīng)變計(jì)的校準(zhǔn)和研究復(fù)雜實(shí)驗(yàn)室正在構(gòu)建。已經(jīng)給出分析得到的結(jié)果。復(fù)雜實(shí)驗(yàn)室可以應(yīng)用在工業(yè)企業(yè)和在教育中儀器制造專業(yè)的學(xué)生。關(guān)鍵字 校準(zhǔn)，應(yīng)變的壓力表、 電子數(shù)顯測(cè)量單位 dk 38 s6 （數(shù)字補(bǔ)償器），壓力一. 導(dǎo)言建立一個(gè)復(fù)雜的校準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室和壓力應(yīng)變計(jì)研究的迫切需要是由操作條件下測(cè)量控制計(jì)量特征并同時(shí)減少結(jié)果處理和登記時(shí)間的增長(zhǎng)要求引起的。他們的表現(xiàn)與應(yīng)用于自動(dòng)注冊(cè)和通過(guò)集合算法處理計(jì)量的輸出信號(hào)以及登記和打印的文件的需求相結(jié)合。從應(yīng)用在測(cè)試工程測(cè)量設(shè)備計(jì)量維護(hù)實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)的分析，有效擴(kuò)張復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)實(shí)驗(yàn)室有可能會(huì)執(zhí)行實(shí)驗(yàn)研究

43、來(lái)獲得用于儀表校準(zhǔn)的額外測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)，這些數(shù)據(jù)與特定的操作條件對(duì)指標(biāo)的影響以及在儀表進(jìn)行校準(zhǔn)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)計(jì)量程序。除復(fù)雜先進(jìn)的實(shí)驗(yàn)室是實(shí)際用于教育目的，如高中學(xué)校儀器制造專業(yè)的學(xué)生，允許教育過(guò)程運(yùn)作盡可能多近似的真正的工業(yè)計(jì)量服務(wù)。工作的新穎性在于可能性分析比較各種類型儀表的計(jì)量特性的結(jié)果與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或特殊測(cè)試影響的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。給定工作的目的是提高用于在測(cè)試工程中計(jì)量壓力表控制工作的效率，并改善現(xiàn)代計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)應(yīng)用和學(xué)生實(shí)驗(yàn)室硬件的研究，諸如計(jì)量、 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、 認(rèn)證的專業(yè)信息和測(cè)量工程。獲取給定的對(duì)象以下相互關(guān)聯(lián)的復(fù)雜問(wèn)題被解決的是結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜是構(gòu)建基于計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)和融合現(xiàn)代元素的復(fù)雜實(shí)驗(yàn)室，并做計(jì)校準(zhǔn)工作的系統(tǒng)維護(hù)規(guī)劃

44、以及旨在研究現(xiàn)代現(xiàn)狀和觀點(diǎn)趨勢(shì)改善壓力表的實(shí)驗(yàn)室工作的一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。二、復(fù)雜實(shí)驗(yàn)室的技術(shù)工作在第一階段的工作 （圖 1） 中實(shí)驗(yàn)室復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)的選擇被執(zhí)行。這個(gè)選擇是在信息測(cè)量工程現(xiàn)狀分析及計(jì)量維修發(fā)展的權(quán)衡和超壓測(cè)量的基礎(chǔ)上執(zhí)行的。復(fù)雜實(shí)驗(yàn)室的基本結(jié)構(gòu)要素都是以靜重式壓力計(jì)的壓力工作標(biāo)準(zhǔn)衡量的類型，諸如 mt 60 或 mt-600 （精度 0.05 的類），數(shù)字補(bǔ)償器 dk38s6 公司德國(guó) hbm (精度等級(jí) 0,0025)，pc 的各精度等級(jí)的壓力表應(yīng)變儀。在有條不紊的計(jì)劃中壓力表類型的選擇是重要的。它基于以下標(biāo)準(zhǔn)： 按物理原理執(zhí)行的潛在高精度的行動(dòng)，工業(yè)企業(yè)的釋放指標(biāo)、 寬領(lǐng)域的實(shí)際應(yīng)用 (

45、工業(yè)、 測(cè)試技術(shù)、 科研）、 各種建設(shè)性計(jì)劃和制造技術(shù)的彈性元件和測(cè)量轉(zhuǎn)換器為方儀表的構(gòu)造提供可能性。從壓力表的現(xiàn)代發(fā)展?fàn)顩r分析出（傳感器控件） 它已經(jīng)被建立，在指定的條件內(nèi)最大程度滿足壓力應(yīng)變計(jì)分析原則，這些原則基于張力電阻式效應(yīng)-金屬合金或半導(dǎo)體由變形導(dǎo)致電阻器的電阻變化。壓力表的應(yīng)用類型被分成三個(gè)組。圖 1。結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜實(shí)驗(yàn)室1自重壓力表 ；2-1，2-2，.，2-n-分析測(cè)量?jī)x; 3-數(shù)字補(bǔ)償器 dk38s6 公司 hbm （德國(guó)） ；-4 pc ；5-軟件 ；6-打印機(jī)。第一組的壓力表是以下功能的設(shè)計(jì)和制造技術(shù)為特點(diǎn)的。彈性元件壓力表由空心圓筒的并使用他的粘合技術(shù)將康銅線固定在應(yīng)變儀上

46、。被測(cè)的壓力通過(guò)額外膜中間元素傳遞給彈性元件。第二組壓力表的彈性元件由固定的空心圓筒，并粘附了康銅 的應(yīng)變計(jì)。被測(cè)的壓力操作從自由端空心圓筒的臉。第三組壓力表的彈性元件是膜，一方面進(jìn)行測(cè)量壓力的操作，另一方面是固定的應(yīng)變計(jì)，不需要膠合的微電子技術(shù)上。所有儀表一般是連接在應(yīng)變計(jì)惠斯通電橋電路中。轉(zhuǎn)型壓力表信號(hào)由精度為 0.0025數(shù)字補(bǔ)償器 dk38s6 提供。數(shù)字杰克 dk38s6 的基本功能由放大器 mtf 3751 頻率 225 hz的交流電、 模擬-數(shù)字轉(zhuǎn)換器 adc 3750 和微型計(jì)算機(jī)構(gòu)成。數(shù)字杰克 dk38s6 加強(qiáng)壓力表的信號(hào)和對(duì)信號(hào)進(jìn)行模擬-數(shù)字轉(zhuǎn)換，濾波器篩選，轉(zhuǎn)換信號(hào)為成度量單位，在計(jì)算機(jī)和其他外圍設(shè)備上將結(jié)果傳遞至標(biāo)準(zhǔn)接口 rs232c 和 ieee 488-78。壓力計(jì)是開(kāi)啟一連串的反饋，用于自動(dòng)校準(zhǔn)。自動(dòng)校準(zhǔn)可以定期重復(fù)或處理操作符的請(qǐng)求。儀表中被加強(qiáng)的測(cè)量信號(hào)通過(guò)低通濾波器被解調(diào)。管理作業(yè)模擬-數(shù)字轉(zhuǎn)換器 ad 3750 帶入微型計(jì)算機(jī)，操作設(shè)備的工作職能和提供其所有模塊之間的通信。數(shù)字值轉(zhuǎn)換器輸出與從壓力計(jì)輸出的轉(zhuǎn)換器入口電壓 u j的比例關(guān)系，基礎(chǔ)的u 的壓力。dk38s6 可確保16 個(gè)通道上各種儀表范圍和參數(shù)、 濾波器、 校準(zhǔn)模式組合的安裝正常工作。測(cè)量的結(jié)果在工作和因素的