1、非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 what can you see in the picture? what can you see in the picture?i can see a girl i can see a girl crying.crying.i can see a i can see a cryingcrying girl girl.i can see a boy i can see a boy being beaten by his being beaten by his mother now.mother now.i can see mother i can see mother b

2、eating her son now.beating her son now.mothermother非謂語動詞復習非謂語動詞復習( (一一) )1. mrs. white showed her students some old maps _ (borrow) from the library. 2. listen! do you hear someone _ (call) for help?3. dina, _ (struggle) for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position as a typist.4.

3、his first book (publish) next month is based on a true story. 5. im sorry _ (disturb) you yesterday.borrowed基礎知識回顧基礎知識回顧：callinghaving struggledto be publishedto have disturbed1-4為為2010年高考真題年高考真題基礎知識回顧基礎知識回顧:非謂語動詞的基本形式非謂語動詞的基本形式主動主動/將來將來 被動被動/將來將來主動主動/正進行正進行 被動被動/正進行正進行 被動被動/已完成已完成主動主動/先發生先發生 被動被動/先

4、發生先發生主動主動/先發生先發生 被動被動/先發生先發生做題技巧做題技巧?1、先找邏輯主語定主、先找邏輯主語定主/被動，被動，2、再找謂語動詞定動作發生時間、再找謂語動詞定動作發生時間-doingbeing donedoneto doto be donehaving donehaving been doneto have doneto have been done主動主動被動被動1.主主/被動與意思被動與意思2. 動作發生先后動作發生先后3.慣用語與固定用法慣用語與固定用法4.否定形式的添加否定形式的添加5.獨立主格結構獨立主格結構6.八大原則八大原則考考點點難難點點考點一考點一:主主/被動與

5、意思被動與意思1) _ (know) his address, i asked lucy for help.2) the chinese are proud of the 29th olympic games _ (hold) in beijing in 2008. 3) _ (tell) many times, he still couldnt understand what i said.4) tom flew to paris just now, his secretary _ (follow) him the next friday.not knowingheldhaving been

6、 toldto follow主動主動被動被動被動被動主動主動 解題技巧：解題技巧：找出非謂語動詞的邏輯主語，或者找出非謂語動詞的邏輯主語，或者被修飾的名詞：被修飾的名詞：1）主動關系：）主動關系：就用就用doing/ to do/ having done/ to have done2）被動關系：）被動關系：就用就用being done/ to be done/ having been done/ done. (go to school) the boy going to school now is my son. the boy to go to school next year is my

7、son. (discuss) the plan discussed yesterday is a good one . the plan to be discussed tomorrow is a good one . the plan being discussed present is a good one 正進行正進行/ /主動主動將來將來/ /主動主動過去過去/ /被動被動將來將來/ /被動被動正進行正進行/ /被動被動修飾名詞修飾名詞-做定語做定語n +-ing -ed-to do -to be done being done 主動和進行主動和進行被動和過去被動和過去將來的主動將來的

8、主動將來的被動將來的被動正在進行的被動正在進行的被動1.he sits here, with his feet pointing to the others . 2.he sits here, with his hands tied to the chair.3.the boy is playing out side, with his face red .4.the boy stays at home , with his mother out .5. the teacher walks into the classroom, with a book in his hand = book i

9、n hand6. he went home , with his homework to be done .with 復合結構復合結構 做賓補，做賓補， 狀語狀語 - ing - ed - adv.with + n _ adj - to do - to be done和名詞的關系為主動和名詞的關系為主動和名詞的關系為被動和名詞的關系為被動表狀態表狀態表狀態表狀態表將來的主動表將來的主動表將來的被動表將來的被動考點二考點二:動作發生先后動作發生先后1) they went to shanghai, with their son _ (leave) to his grandparents.2) w

10、ith so much homework _ (finish), they decided to stay at home, 3) _their homework, they went out to play football.4) look! the homework _ (do) now seems not difficult.5) they are busy now, _ (prepare) files wanted in the interview.leftto finishhaving finishedbeing donepreparing過去過去將來將來動作先于謂語發生動作先于謂語

11、發生正進行正進行正進行正進行作狀語作狀語 表時間或原因表時間或原因主動和進行主動和進行,時間上無先后時間上無先后被動和過去被動和過去,時間上無先后時間上無先后主動和進行主動和進行,時間上有先后時間上有先后被動和過去被動和過去,時間上有先后時間上有先后- ing- ed-having donehaving been done否定式在否定式在-ing前直接加前直接加not 或在或在ing 后加后加neverhaving never received/ not having received her letter, he made a call to see what had happened to

12、 her.1. standing on the top of the mountain,i found the school is very beautiful.2.seen from the mountain , the school is very beautiful.3.having finished my homework, i went home immediately.4.having been beaten by my father, i went out to see my mother . 1. having finished my homework, i went home

13、 immediately.2. having been beaten by my father, i went out to see my mother . after finishing my homework, i went home immediately.having done= after doingafter being beaten by my father, i went out to see my mother.having been done= after being done考點三考點三:慣用語與固定用法慣用語與固定用法1) _ from his appearance,

14、he is a doctor. a. judged b. having judged c. judging d. having been judged2) _ his accent, it can be inferred that he is an englishman. a. considering b. considered c. to be considered d. having considered下列少數短語為慣用語，為固定形式。下列少數短語為慣用語，為固定形式。judging from , generally speaking , honestly speaking , stri

15、ctly speaking ,talking of , speaking of, considering.有些動詞后面只允許加有些動詞后面只允許加ing類非謂語動詞，如類非謂語動詞，如appreciate/ imagine/ suggest有些動詞后只允許加有些動詞后只允許加to do類非謂語動詞，如類非謂語動詞，如agree/ decide/有些動詞以上兩類都可以加，如有些動詞以上兩類都可以加，如forget/ remember/ try1) they are looking forward with hope _ from their daughter who is abroad. a.

16、hearing b. heard c. to hear d. to hearing2) the meeting _ next week is sure to be a great success. a. to take place b. to be taken place c. to have taken placed. being taken place做題時要審清題意，防止思維定勢做題時要審清題意，防止思維定勢或者被誤導?；蛘弑徽`導。 which do you feel like _ your holidays, staying at home or going traveling?a.s

17、pending b. to spendc.having spent d. spend難點一難點一:否定形式的添加否定形式的添加1) _his address, i asked lucy for help. a. not knowing b. having not known c. never know d. knowing never 2) _ _ (receive) his letter, i called him up to see what had happened to him.3) they have been accustomed _when eating. a. not to t

18、alk b. not to talking c. to not talk d. to not talkingnot having received /having neverreceived否定式要否定式要not把加把加-ing在前面，或把在前面，或把never加加在在-ing后面后面.not having received/ having never received his letter, i called him up to see what had happened to him.非謂語動詞的否定形式：非謂語動詞的否定形式：notnot直接加在非謂語動詞前面：直接加在非謂語動詞前面：1

19、1 not doing/ not having done/ not doing/ not having done/ not to have been done/not to have been done/22 not to do/ not to be done/ not to have done/ not to do/ not to be done/ not to have done/not to have been donenot to have been done難點二：獨立主格結構難點二：獨立主格結構比較以下三個句子：比較以下三個句子：1. the teacher came in, ca

20、rrying a bag in his hand.2. the teacher came in, with a bag carried in his hand.3. the teacher came in, a bag carried in his hand. 4. the teacher came in, bag in hand.第三句是獨立主格結構第三句是獨立主格結構有自己的邏輯有自己的邏輯主語主語形成被動結構。形成被動結構。1. his mother was ill, so he had to return home.2. the work had been finished, and

21、therefore he went to bed.3. if weather permits, well go skiing today.4. there were no house, so we had to walk on.his mother being ill, he had to return home.the work having been finished, he went to bed.weather permitting, well go skiing today.(with)there being no house, we had to walk on.獨立主格結構獨立主

22、格結構1. _, the idea of having to work under a woman defeated him. a. wanting the job very much b. although wanting the job badly c. though he want the job very much d. he wanting the job very much2. _, tears came to her eyes. a. having seen the film b. seeing the film c. she seeing the film d. after h

23、aving seen the film when he left the classroom, he didnt say goodbye to me. because he is ill, he cant attend the meeting. the teacher is teaching in the classroom. jim and tom are playing games. the boys who swam in the river were in danger. when leaving the classroom, he didnt say goodbye to me. b

24、eing ill, he cant attend the meetingthe teacher teaching in the classroom, jim and tom are playing games. the boys swimming in the river were in danger the policeman saw the thief who was stealing a bike. this is one of the houses that were built last year. the professor came into the classroom. he

25、was followed by some teachers.the policeman saw the thief stealing a bikethis is one of the houses built last year.the professor came into the classroom, followed by some teachers. because he had seen the film before, he went out of the cinema. when our school is seen from the mountain, our school i

26、s beautiful. the man rose from the ground and beat the dust off his clothes.having seen the film before, he went out of the cinema.seen from the mountain, our school is beautiful. the man rose from the ground , beating the dust off his clothes.難點三難點三:八大原則八大原則學習非謂語動詞，一定要做到以下兩點：學習非謂語動詞，一定要做到以下兩點：一找：找邏

27、輯主語一找：找邏輯主語二定：定主二定：定主/被動，定動作發生先后。被動，定動作發生先后。同時還得注意以下八大原則：同時還得注意以下八大原則：1._ the first bus， they got up and hurried to the station early in the morning. a. having caught b. catch c. to catch d. catching原則一：用作目的狀語，原則上原則一：用作目的狀語，原則上要用不定式要用不定式2. when asked why he went there， he said he was sent there _ fo

28、r a space flight. a.training b. being trained c. to have trained d. to be trained原則二：用于名詞后作定語時，使原則二：用于名詞后作定語時，使用非謂語動詞的原則是：用不定式，用非謂語動詞的原則是：用不定式，表示動作尚未發生表示動作尚未發生;用現在分詞，表用現在分詞，表示動作正在進行示動作正在進行;用過去分詞，表示用過去分詞，表示動作已經發生，同時表示被動意義動作已經發生，同時表示被動意義.1.the chinese are proud of the 29th olympic games _ in beijing i

29、n 2008. a. hold b. holding c. held d. to be held2. there are hundreds of visitors _ in front of the art gallery to have a look at van goghs paintings. a. waited b. to wait c. waiting d. wait3. “things _ never come again!” i couldnt help talking to myself. a.lost b. losing c. to lost d. have lost2.th

30、e last one _ pays the meal.agreed! a.arrived b. arrives c. to arrive d. arriving1. as the light turned green， i stood for a moment， not _， and asked myself what i was going to do. a.moved b. moving c. to move d. being moved2. peter received a letter just now _ his grandma would come to see him soon.

31、 a. said b. says c. saying d. to say原則三：原則三： 用作伴隨狀語，原則上用作伴隨狀語，原則上要用現在分詞要用現在分詞3. whenever he was asked why he was late for class， he would answer carelessly， always _ the same thing. a.saying b. said c. to say d. having said4. we often provide our children with toys， footballs or basketballs，_ that a

32、ll children like these things. a. thinking b. think c. to think d. thought 1.the glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，_ in the natural light during the day. a.to let b. letting c. let d. having let2. oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，_ a r

33、ecord us$ 57. 65 a barrel on april 4. a.have reached b. reaching c. to reach d. to be reaching原則四：作結果狀語，用現在分詞或不定式，原則四：作結果狀語，用現在分詞或不定式，其區別是，一般要用現在分詞表自然而然的結其區別是，一般要用現在分詞表自然而然的結果，不定式表意外不好結果果，不定式表意外不好結果.1.he hurried to the booking office only _ that all the tickets had been sold out. a. to tell b. to be

34、 told c. telling d. told2. he hurried to the station only_ that the train had left. a.to find b. finding c. found d. to have found1.the children talked so loudly at dinner table that i had to struggle _. a. to be heard b. to have heard c. hearing d. being heard 2. the repairs cost a lot， but its mon

35、ey well _. a. to spend b. spent c. being spent d. spending 3. five people won the “chinas green figure” award， a title _ to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection. a. being given b. is given c. given d. was given原則五：凡是含有被動意義時，原則五：凡是含有被動意義時，原則上要用過去分詞。但是，如原則上要用過去分詞。但是，如果所涉

36、及的動作尚未發生，則用果所涉及的動作尚未發生，則用不定式的被動式；如果所涉及的不定式的被動式；如果所涉及的動作正在進行，則用現在分詞的動作正在進行，則用現在分詞的被動式被動式原則六原則六: 非謂語動詞作狀語時，其邏輯主非謂語動詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語原則上應與主句主語保持一致語原則上應與主句主語保持一致1. faced with a bill for $10， 000，_. a. john has taken an extra jobb. the boss has given john an extra jobc. an extra job has been takend. an extra j

37、ob has been given to john2. while watching television，_. a. the door bell rang b. the doorbell ringsc. we heard the doorbell ring d. we heard the doorbell rings1._ from other continents for millions of years， australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. a. being

38、 separated b. having separatedc. having been separated d. to be separated2. the manager，_ it clear to us that he didnt agree with us， left the meeting room. a. who has made b. having made c. made d. making原則七：強調動作發生在主句謂語動作原則七：強調動作發生在主句謂語動作之前時，原則上要用完成式之前時，原則上要用完成式 原則八：原則八： 對于固定搭配，原則上按搭配對于固定搭配，原則上按搭配習

39、慣處理習慣處理1._ with so much trouble， we failed to complete the task on time. ）a. faced b. face c. facing d. to face2._ in a white uniform， he looks more like a cook than a doctor. a. dressed b. to dress c. dressing d. having dressedyour show time1 -good morning. can i help you? -id like to have this pac

40、kage _, madam. a. be weighed b. to be weighed c. to weigh d. weighedd對比訓練對比訓練2. the rule says young children under the age of 4 and_ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. a. being weighed b. to weigh c. weighed d. weighingd1.the little boy slipped out of his room without _. a. seeing b

41、. seen c. being seen d. to be seen對比訓練對比訓練2. please excuse me for leaving without _ a goodbye last night. a. saying b. having said c. being said d. saidcb1.i must leave now. i am sorry _ so much of your valuable time. a. to have taken up b. to take up c. having taken up d. taken up對比訓練對比訓練2. im sorr

42、y _ you that you are fired for your endless faults made during your work. a. to have informed c. to inform c. having informed d. informedab1.jack read the letter from his parents, tears _ down from his cheek. a. coming b. to come c. being come d. having come對比訓練對比訓練2. _ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog. a. bitten b. having bitten c. being bitten d. to be bittenaa1. the experiment sh