1、貴州省銅仁市思南中學(xué)2020-2021學(xué)年高三英語(yǔ)第十次月考試題（含解析）考生注意：答卷前，考生務(wù)必用藍(lán)、黑色字跡的鋼筆或圓珠筆將自己的姓名、班級(jí)、學(xué)號(hào)填寫在相應(yīng) 位置上1. 本次考試時(shí)間 100 分鐘，滿分 120 分2. 請(qǐng)?jiān)诿芊饩€內(nèi)作答，保持試卷清潔完整第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFour Interesting Science MuseumsPolytechnic Museum, Russia For many guests of the capital, some

2、 of the most vivid childhood memories are associated with this museum. A variety of technical fields are presented in 65 halls-Mining, Space, Energy, and Transportation, etc. And the exposition（博覽會(huì)）is the only museum project in Russia about the history of the bike. The interactive division Technopla

3、y is open, where you not only can but also need touch most of the exhibits with your hands. In addition to self-experimentation, for personal requests the museums experts will show many entertaining experiments.Eureka, England The Eureka educational center is a huge complex where modern science and

4、technology are becoming clear, even to kids. The main exhibition is devoted to the human body, the laws of physics and natural things. Visitors can obtain energy or create paper with their own hands. On the area of the Eureka educational park there is a botanical garden and a collection of minerals

5、from the rock types of Finland is presented there. Deutsches Museum, GermanyIn this museum you can see more than 100 thousand different items from windmills（風(fēng)車）to medical equipment. All aspects of industrial production appear before the eyes. Several museum rooms are arranged especially for children

6、-there are exhibits that entertain kids starting from three. NEMO the Netherlands The largest Dutch research centre stands ready to share its secrets with everyone. This immersion（沉浸）in the world of science and technology will not be dull. All significant information is presented in the form of exci

7、ting games. All exhibits are interactive; visitors are allowed to touch, pull and press on anything. The museum is for children from 6 to 16, as well as for their parents-it will be interesting to all.1. What can visitors do at Polytechnic Museum?A. Learn how the bike developed.B. Touch all of the e

8、xhibits.C. Watch entertaining movies.D. Show entertaining experiments.2. Where should visitors go if they are interested in plants?A. Polytechnic Museum.B. Eureka.C. Deutsches Museum.D. NEMO.3. What makes NEMO unique?A. It is specially designed for children.B. It is the largest museum in the world.C

9、. It shows information of exhibits in games.D. Some exhibits can be touched or pressed.【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了四家有趣的科學(xué)博物館。【詳解】1. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Polytechnic Museum, Russia部分的“And the exposition is the only museum project in Russia about the history of the bike.”可知，而此次博覽會(huì)是俄羅斯唯一一個(gè)關(guān)于自行車歷史的博物館項(xiàng)目。

10、在Polytechnic Museum這家博物館，游客可以了解自行車的發(fā)展歷史，故選A。2. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Eureka，England部分的“On the area of the Eureka educational park there is a botanical garden”可知，尤里卡教育公園有一個(gè)植物園。由此可知，如果游客對(duì)植物感興趣，他們應(yīng)該去Eureka，故選B。3. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NEMO，the Netherlands部分的“All significant information is presented in the form of exciting games.”

11、可知，所有重要信息都以激動(dòng)人心的游戲形式呈現(xiàn)。所以使NEMO獨(dú)特的是這家博物館給孩子提供寓教于樂(lè)的參觀方式，故選C。BAfter university in 2011, Samuel went to a rural primary school for native children, where, on his first day, another teacher told him, Samuel, you dont have to do much, theyre just Orang Asli-native children. This was what Samuel would spen

12、d years fighting against.The Orang Asli community has struggled with poverty, melting into society, and losing their own identity and culture due to others disregard of it. Samuel saw that the main barrier in teaching these children was the attitude on the part of many teachers that the native child

13、ren were not worth their efforts. It was thought that whatever was taught would make no difference, so nobody bothered to try. The children themselves ended up believing these stigmas (污名), often doubting what they can achieve. Teachers skipped or slept in classes, and little effort was made to crea

14、te an appropriate learning environment. Consequently, the school was one of the worst-performing in the district.Samuel bonded with his native students and accepted their culture, leading him to see their potential. However, he also came to see that they did not have equal opportunities compared to

15、urban schools, due to the lack of facilities. So he set up a crowdfunding project to create a fully equipped 21st-century English classroom with tablets and computers. The Orang Asli children now learn technology, experience English and communicate in English with volunteers all over Malaysia and ov

16、erseas.Consequently, the students have improved in national standardized examinations, from a pass rate of 30% in English (2008-2012) to an average of 80% (2013-2017). These efforts have resulted in a shift of what local children are considered capable of academically.4. What did the teachers words

17、suggest about the native children?A. They were intelligent.B. They were hopeless.C. They were unfriendly.D. They were independent.5. What major problem did Samuel need to solve?A. The poverty of local people.B. The lack of facilities in his school.C. The prejudice against the native kids.D. The unsu

18、itable teaching methods.6. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A. The change of native students.B. The importance of learning English.C. The improvement of native education.D Samuels work for the native kids.7. What can we learn from Samuels story?A. Respect makes a big difference.B. The academic perfo

19、rmance comes first.C. Everyone deserves access to education.D. One method cant apply to each situation.【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Samuel尊重原居民學(xué)生，通過(guò)自己的努力改變他們的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境，使他們的學(xué)業(yè)發(fā)生了很大的變化。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中其他老師對(duì)Samuel 所說(shuō)的話“you dont have to do much, theyre just Orang Asli-native children.(你不用

20、做太多，他們只是原居民的孩子)”以及第二段中“the native children were not worth their efforts. It was thought that whatever was taught would make no difference,(當(dāng)?shù)氐暮⒆硬恢档盟麄兊呐ΑＨ藗冋J(rèn)為無(wú)論教什么都不會(huì)有區(qū)別)”可推知，這些原居民學(xué)生被認(rèn)為是沒(méi)有希望的。故選B。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Samuel saw that the main barrier in teaching these children was the attitude on the

21、part of many teachers that the native children were not worth their efforts.(塞繆爾發(fā)現(xiàn)教育這些孩子的主要障礙是許多教師的態(tài)度，認(rèn)為原居民的孩子不值得他們的努力。他們認(rèn)為無(wú)論教什么都不會(huì)有區(qū)別)”可知，對(duì)這些原居民孩子的偏見(jiàn)是Samuel要解決的主要問(wèn)題。故選C。【6題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中“Samuel bonded with his native students and accepted their culture, So he set up a crowdfunding project to creat

22、e a fully equipped 21st-century English classroom with tablets and computers.(Samuel與他的本土學(xué)生建立了聯(lián)系，接受了他們的文化他發(fā)起了一個(gè)眾籌項(xiàng)目，希望建立一個(gè)配備電腦、設(shè)備齊全的21世紀(jì)英語(yǔ)教室)”可知，該段是介紹Samuel為改善學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)狀態(tài)和學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境所做的工作。故選D。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“the main barrier was the attitude on the part of many teachers that the native children were not worth

23、 their efforts.”可知，老師對(duì)本土學(xué)生有偏見(jiàn)，認(rèn)為教他們不值得努力；根據(jù)第二段中的詞語(yǔ)“disregard(漠視，不尊重)”，“stigmas(污名)”可知，這些孩子受到歧視，沒(méi)有得到尊重；文章第三段提到Samuel為改變這些學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境所做的努力；根據(jù)第四段“These efforts have resulted in a shift of what local children are considered capable of academically.”可知，Samuel的努力導(dǎo)致了本土兒童在學(xué)習(xí)能力方面的轉(zhuǎn)變。Samuel對(duì)本土孩子的尊重，為他們做出的努力，使他們的學(xué)

24、業(yè)有了很大的變化。由此推知，從Samuel的故事中，我們可以學(xué)習(xí)到尊重能帶來(lái)巨大的變化。故選A。CHow do you deal with plastic bags from the supermarket? Throw them away or reuse them? How about eating them?Indian company EnviGreen has made a bag with natural ingredients (成分). It looks and feels just like plastic, but can be broken down easily. Th

25、e bags bring no harm to the environment. Both humans and animals can safely eat them.EnviGreen founder Ashwath Hedge spent four years doing experiments with a combination of 12 natural ingredients. They include potato, corn, vegetable oil and banana. He made the ingredients into liquid and used the

26、liquid to make the bag. Although the EnviGreen bag is about 35 percent more expensive than a common plastic bag, it has many advantages. According to the Wall Street Journal, it takes 1,000 years for common plastic bags to break down. But an EnviGreen bag can naturally break down in less than 180 da

27、ys. It also breaks down in less than a day in water, and in about 15 seconds in boiling water. Hedge was happy to show it in his interview with The Better India. In the interview, he put an EnviGreen bag in water and ate it with a smile.According to Indias Minister of State for Atmosphere, Forest an

28、d Weather Change, the country produces more than 15,000 tons of plastic waste every day. But only 9,000 tons are processed. In China, 3 billion plastic bags are used every day. Maybe the EnviGreen bag could be a solution to the world problem of plastic pollution.8. Why is the EnviGreen bag eatable?A

29、. Because it looks like plastic.B. Because it can be broken down easily.C. Because it consists of natural ingredients.D. Because it does no harm to the environment.9. If a common plastic bag costs 0.5, whats the price of an EnviGreen bag?A. 0.85.B. 0.675.C. 0.65.D. 0.475.10. Which sentence can descr

30、ibe Ashwath Hedges experiment?A. It took him less than four years to succeed.B. He made a special liquid to form the material.C. He combined 4 kinds of food to create the EnviGreen bag.D. The EnviGreen bag can naturally break down in 15 seconds.11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Plasti

31、c pollution can be controlled with combined efforts.B. India has benefited a lot from adopting the EnviGreen bag.C. Chinese government has paid attention to plastic pollution.D. Plastic pollution is a severe problem in some developing countries.【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 11. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。傳統(tǒng)的塑料袋對(duì)環(huán)境影響太大

32、。文章介紹了一種可以食用并迅速分解的環(huán)保袋的發(fā)明過(guò)程，這種環(huán)保袋可以幫助我們解決塑料污染的問(wèn)題。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Indian company EnviGreen has made a bag with natural ingredients (成分). It looks and feels just like plastic, but can be broken down easily. The bags bring no harm to the environment. Both humans and animals can safely eat them.”（印度公司E

33、nviGreen用天然原料制作了一款袋子。它看起來(lái)和摸起來(lái)就像塑料，但很容易分解。這種塑料袋對(duì)環(huán)境無(wú)害。人和動(dòng)物都可以安全地食用它們。）可知，EnviGreen口袋可以吃，是因?yàn)樗刑烊怀煞帧９蔬xC。【9題詳解】計(jì)算題。根據(jù)第三段中“Although the EnviGreen bag is about 35 percent more expensive than a common plastic bag, it has many advantages.”（盡管EnviGreen袋比普通塑料袋貴35%，但它有很多優(yōu)點(diǎn)。）由此可知，一個(gè)普通塑料袋是 0.5，所以環(huán)保袋的價(jià)格應(yīng)該是 0.5+ 0

34、.5的35%，即 0.675。故選B。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“EnviGreen founder Ashwath Hedge spent four years doing experiments with a combination of 12 natural ingredients. They include potato, corn, vegetable oil and banana. He made the ingredients into liquid and used the liquid to make the bag.”（EnviGreen的創(chuàng)始人阿什沃斯赫奇花了

35、四年時(shí)間用12種天然成分的組合做實(shí)驗(yàn)。它們包括土豆、玉米、植物油和香蕉。他把原料變成液體，用液體做袋子。）由此可知，他制造了一種特殊的液體來(lái)形成這種材料。所以B項(xiàng)能描述Ashwath Hedge的試驗(yàn)。故選B。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。文章告訴我們這種環(huán)保袋是由可食用的材料制成的，而且很容易分解。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“In China, 3 billion plastic bags are used every day. Maybe the EnviGreen bag could be a solution to the world problem of plastic pollution.”

36、（在中國(guó)，每天有30億個(gè)塑料袋被使用。也許EnviGreen口袋可以解決世界塑料污染問(wèn)題。）可知推知，塑料污染在一些發(fā)展中國(guó)家是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。故選D。DJustice in society must include both a fair trial to the accused and the selection of an appropriate punishment for those proven guilty. Because justice is regarded as one form of equality, we find in its earlier expression

37、 the idea of a punishment equal to the crime.“An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth”is such an example. This conception of retributive justice (報(bào)應(yīng)正義) is reflected in many parts of the legal codes and procedures of modern times, especially when the death penalty is demanded for a person who has c

38、ommitted murder. This philosophy of punishment was supported by the German idealist Hegel. He believed that the criminal had by his own actions denied (否定) his true self and it is necessary to do something that will counteract (抵制) the denial and restore the self that has been denied. To the murdere

39、r nothing less than giving up his own life will pay his debt.Modern jurists (法學(xué)家) have tried to replace retributive justice with the idea of corrective justice. The aim of the latter is not to abandon the concept of equality but to find a more adequate way to express it. It tries to preserve the ide

40、a of equal opportunity for each person to realize the best that is in him. The criminal is regarded as being socially ill and in need of treatment that will enable him to become a normal member. Only those criminals who are incurable should be permanently separated from the rest of society. This doe

41、s not mean that criminals will escape punishment. It means that the goal of justice is to cure the person, not simply to get even with him. If severe punishment is the only adequate means of accomplishing this, it should be administered. However, the person should be given every opportunity to assum

42、e a normal place in society. His crime must not deprive him of the opportunity to make his way in the society of which he is a part.12 Why is “an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth” presented?A. To give moral support to retributive justice.B. To prove that equality demands just punishment.C. To

43、justify the need for punishment as a part of law.D. To prove that man has long been interested in justice.13. What might be Hegels attitude to the death sentence for murder?A. Uncertain.B. Disapproving.C. Supportive.D. Cautious.14. What is the basic difference between retributive justice and correct

44、ive justice?A. The type of crime that was proven.B. The severity of the punishment.C. The reason for the sentence.D. The outcome of the trial.15. What is the best title for the text?A. Fitting the punishment to the crimeB. Approaches to just punishmentC. Attaining justice in the courtsD. Improvement

45、s in legal justice【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了兩種公正懲罰的方法：報(bào)應(yīng)正義與矯正正義。【12題詳解】目的意圖題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Because justice is regarded as one form of equality, we find in its earlier expression the idea of a punishment equal to the crime. ”（因?yàn)檎x被視為平等的一種形式，我們?cè)谒脑缙诒磉_(dá)中發(fā)現(xiàn)了對(duì)于犯罪的懲罰是平等的觀念。）可知，展示“an eye fo

46、r an eye and a tooth for a tooth”是為了證明人類長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)熱衷于正義。故選D。【13題詳解】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第一段第五句“This philosophy of punishment was supported by the German idealist Hegel.”（這種懲罰哲學(xué)得到了德國(guó)唯心主義者黑格爾的支持。）可知，黑格爾對(duì)謀殺罪判死刑的態(tài)度是支持的。故選C。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第四句“This conception of retributive justice (報(bào)應(yīng)正義) is reflected in many parts of th

47、e legal codes and procedures of modern times, especially when the death penalty is demanded for a person who has committed murder.”（這種報(bào)應(yīng)正義的觀念反映在現(xiàn)代法律法典和程序的許多部分，特別是當(dāng)一個(gè)人犯了謀殺罪被要求死刑的時(shí)候。）和最后一段第七句“It means that the goal of justice is to cure the person, not simply to get even with him.”（它的意思是正義的目標(biāo)是治愈這個(gè)人，而不

48、僅僅是報(bào)復(fù)他。）可知，報(bào)應(yīng)正義與矯正正義的基本區(qū)別是判刑的原因。故選C。【15題詳解】標(biāo)題判斷題。文章第一段介紹了報(bào)應(yīng)正義的概念，報(bào)應(yīng)正義倡導(dǎo)以牙還牙，第二段介紹了矯正正義的概念，倡導(dǎo)正義的目標(biāo)是治愈這個(gè)人，而不僅僅是報(bào)復(fù)他。這兩種概念都追求正義和平等。所以選項(xiàng)B（公正懲罰的方法）是最好的標(biāo)題。故選B。第二節(jié) （共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10 分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Choosing a career is one of those important decisions that can change the course of

49、your life._16_ Ample information and self-examination can help you choose a satisfying career that you will enjoy for years to come. If you feel confused about picking a career, youre not alone. Were here to help!Evaluate your work style. The right career for you will be suited to your work style. D

50、o you need the discipline of a structured work environment to do your best?_17_ There are, of course, other factors that affect your job performance. But, your natural work style plays a big role.Identify your skills. Every career requires a different skill set. Sales managers need great leadership

51、skills, and teachers need to be able to communicate effectively with both students and parents._18_List every talent and skill you have, even if it doesnt seem like it will help you get a job._19_ What do you want out of a career? Do you want to help other people? Do you want to travel? How much mon

52、ey do you want to make? Of course, what you want to achieve often changes over time, and things that were once extremely important become less so.Remember that things can change. There are a million Best Careers lists out there that will say you should have a certain career because you will make a c

53、ertain amount of money with it. _20_ There might be a lot of demand for a job now, but what about in 10 years? Dont choose a job just because its number one on a list somewhere. Things can change over time, and the job that was once number one might end up not even making the list a few years from n

54、ow.A. Determine your goals.B. It deserves considerable time and reflection.C. Take some time to figure out what youre good at.D. Ask questions about the advantages and disadvantages of the job.E. Or do you like setting your own schedule and work independently?F. However, theres no way to totally gua

55、rantee job security and stability.G. Are you willing and able to put in that time and the money that comes with it?【答案】16. B 17. E 18. C 19. A 20. F【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。擇業(yè)是能夠改變你人生軌跡的重要決定之一。文章就如何擇業(yè)提出了幾點(diǎn)建議。【16題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Choosing a career is one of those important decisions that can change the course of your

56、life.”（擇業(yè)是能夠改變你人生軌跡的重要決定之一。）可知，此處是講擇業(yè)非常重要，根據(jù)后文“Ample information and self-examination can help you choose a satisfying career that you will enjoy for years to come.”（充足的信息和自我測(cè)試可以幫助你選擇一個(gè)令人滿意的職業(yè)，而且你會(huì)在未來(lái)的幾年里享受它。）可知，擇業(yè)需要充足的信息和自我測(cè)試，也就是需要大量的時(shí)間和思考，所以選項(xiàng)B（它值得我們花大量的時(shí)間和思考。）切合文意。故選B。【17題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Evaluate your wo

57、rk style.”（評(píng)估你的工作風(fēng)格。）可知，此處是講評(píng)估你的工作風(fēng)格和傾向，選項(xiàng)E（還是喜歡自己安排時(shí)間，獨(dú)立工作？）切合文意，且和前文句式相同。故選E。【18題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Identify your skills.”（識(shí)別你的技能。）可知，此處是講弄清楚自己的技能，所以選項(xiàng)C（花點(diǎn)時(shí)間想想自己擅長(zhǎng)什么。）切合文意。故選C。【19題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Of course, what you want to achieve often changes over time, and things that were once extremely important become less so

58、.”（當(dāng)然，你想要達(dá)到的目標(biāo)往往會(huì)隨著時(shí)間的推移而改變，曾經(jīng)非常重要的事情也變得不那么重要了。）可知，此處是指在事業(yè)上想要達(dá)到的目標(biāo)，所以選項(xiàng)A（確定你的目標(biāo)。）切合文意。故選A。【20題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Things can change over time, and the job that was once number one might end up not even making the list a few years from now.”（隨著時(shí)間的推移，事情可能會(huì)發(fā)生變化，曾經(jīng)排在第一位的工作可能在幾年后甚至不會(huì)出現(xiàn)在榜單上。）可知，此處是指工作并不完全具有保障和穩(wěn)定性，所以選項(xiàng)F（然而，沒(méi)有辦法