1、外研初中三年級下冊外研初中三年級下冊Module 3 Life now and then Unit 3Language in useLanguage practicePeople are wealthier today, and they live longer than they did in the past.But people dont take as much exercise as they used to.More people have cars, and they walk or use their bikes less.We eat better and we live l

2、onger.Grammar: 形容詞與副詞形容詞與副詞u 形容詞和副詞的句法作用形容詞和副詞的句法作用1. 形容詞形容詞 形容詞一般放在名詞之前作定語，或放在系形容詞一般放在名詞之前作定語，或放在系動詞之后作表語，或作賓語補足語。形容詞動詞之后作表語，或作賓語補足語。形容詞作定語，一般都是放在名詞之前，但若修飾作定語，一般都是放在名詞之前，但若修飾不定代詞不定代詞 something, anything等則后置。等則后置。 We must keep our classroom clean. (賓補）賓補） They were kind and nice. (表語）表語） Can you see

3、 the old tree there? (定語）定語） Is there anything funny in the paper today? 2. 副詞副詞： 副詞一般作狀語，修飾動詞、形容詞以及全句，副詞一般作狀語，修飾動詞、形容詞以及全句，表示程度、方式等。表示程度、方式等。注：注：副詞作狀語修飾動詞，一般是后置，修飾副詞作狀語修飾動詞，一般是后置，修飾 形容詞或副詞要前置。形容詞或副詞要前置。Mr Wang works hard in school.Lily can speak Chinese very well.頻度副詞：頻度副詞：一般位于行為動詞之前，系動詞或一般位于行為動詞之前

4、，系動詞或 助動詞之后。常見的有助動詞之后。常見的有 always, often, sometimes, usually, seldom, never。程度副詞：程度副詞：常置于形容詞或副詞之前。常見的常置于形容詞或副詞之前。常見的 有有very, much, quite, pretty, so 等。等。u 形容詞和副詞的比較等級形容詞和副詞的比較等級一一. 常用的比較級的句型：常用的比較級的句型：1) A + 動詞動詞 + 比較級比較級 + than +B. Mary is younger than Betty. He got up earlier than I did this morni

5、ng.2) 主語主語 + 動詞動詞 + the 比較級比較級 + of the two. (說明：說明：在在of the two這樣的比較范圍或特指這樣的比較范圍或特指 哪一個時，比較級前要加哪一個時，比較級前要加the) Tom is the taller of the two. 湯姆是兩個中較高的那個。湯姆是兩個中較高的那個。 Lily runs faster of the two. 莉莉是兩個中跑得較快的那個。莉莉是兩個中跑得較快的那個。3) The + 比較級比較級, the + 比較級比較級, , 表示表示“越越， 越越”。 The more you study, the more

6、you know. 你學的越多，知道的越多。你學的越多，知道的越多。 The harder the test is, the lower marks we get. 測試題越難，我們的得分越少。測試題越難，我們的得分越少。4) 比較級比較級 + and + 比較級，比較級，表示表示“越來越來 越越”。 The computer is cheaper and cheaper. 計算機越來越便宜。計算機越來越便宜。 He studies harder and harder. 他學習越來越努力。他學習越來越努力。二二. 同級比較：同級比較： 同級比較肯定句型同級比較肯定句型: asas 否定句型否定

7、句型: not so / as as He is as tall as his brother.He runs as fast as Jim.I cant get up so early as you. 3. 常用的最高級句型：常用的最高級句型：1) the + 最高級最高級 + of / in She is the tallest girls in our class. This novel is the most interesting of the three. 2) 選擇疑問句選擇疑問句Who is the tallest, Tom, Jack or Bill? 3) 被定語從句所修飾

8、的先行詞被定語從句所修飾的先行詞He is the most diligent student I have ever seen. 4. 比較級的修飾語比較級的修飾語 比較級和最高級的修飾語應置于其所修飾比較級和最高級的修飾語應置于其所修飾的形容詞或副詞之前。常見的比較級修飾語的形容詞或副詞之前。常見的比較級修飾語有：有：much, still, a lot, a little, even, three years, five times, far 等。如：等。如：People worked much harder then. Complete the passage with the cor

9、rect form of the words in brackets.For many people, life is a lot (1) _(easy) today. Medicine and diet are improving, and people are getting (2) _ (healthy) and living (3) _ (long). Buy communication is changing (4) _ (fast) of all. Today, with the Internet, people can communicate (5) _ (easily) tha

10、n ever before with friends all over the world.Not all the changes are (6) _ (good) ones. More people drive cars instead of riding bikes, so they are not as (7) _ (fit) as they were. Increasing traffic makes the roads (8) _ (crowded) than ever, and it also makes pollution (9) _ (bad). We must all wor

11、k harder to reduce pollution.easierhealthierlongerfastestmore easilygoodfitmore crowedworseLook at the two pictures and talk about how the town has changed. Use the words in the box to help you. work in pairsbig building busy house modern more shop street tall traffic treeThe sample answers 1. There

12、 are more cars in the street today than it was 50 years ago.2. The buildings are much taller, much more beautiful and much newer. 3. The streets are much wider.4. The environment is much better. 5. I can see people are much busier than before.6. The life is much better than before.7. There are more

13、shops than before.1 We _ have time to go on holiday.2 We do not have much _ time because we have important exams this year.3 Never go out in the _ of the day without a hat.4 You have to _ because the students in the back cannot hear you.5 Mr Smith is _ a teacher. Most of his pupils think of him as t

14、heir friend.Complete the sentences with the words or expressions in the box.heat more than seldom spare speak upseldomspareheatspeak upmore than1 There was not enough living space for people.Read the email again. Find sentences that tell us:People lived in very small houses, very close to each other

15、, with no space for children to play. Families in those days were quite big. A whole street had to share one outside toilet.2 Most of the big cities were dirty and unhealthy.3 Life was harder for children in those times.The pollution from factories covered the streets. People put their rubbish outsi

16、de in the streets. As a result, there were many diseases. Children didnt always go to school, because they had to work. They did dangerous and unhealthy jobs for little money. Many were hurt in accidents from the machines. ListeningListen and complete the table.GrandmotherMotherAge to start schoolAg

17、e to start workAge to got marriedNumber of childrenAge to stop workingWrite a passage comparing the lives of the speakers grandmother and mother in Activity 6The speakers grandmother and mother have lived very different lives. Her grandmother had a much bigger family CarsThe modern car has changed l

18、ife a great del. Before the invention of the car, people had to travel by rail, on horseback or by horse-drawn carriage, or on foot. Using horses for travel was slow, and of course walking was even slower. Cars allow people to ravel long distances quickly, in comfort and convenience.The car also solved an enormous pro