1、chapter 9 american and british economy i american economy learning focus features of the american economy american industry american agriculture american trade and finance features of the american economy 1. the american economy is, first of all, a free enterprise system. 2. all the 50 states in the

2、 united states of america have been most active in the field of education and in building roads. 3. the us government plays an important role in the us economy. 4. the us farmers are very efficient in the production of grain. 5. the sale of weapon to other countries in the world benefits the country

3、 much. american industry the leading industrial power in the world, diversified and technologically advanced main industries: petroleum; coal mining; iron and steel; aircraft; automobile; machine tool; telecommunication; electronic and electric equipment; textile; food processing; consumer goods; ch

4、emicals and munitions the rise and decline of a succession of industries in us in the last century gdp:$13.54 trillion, real growth rate:3.5%, a rate of inflation: 3.2%, an unemployment rate: 5.1% 4. three important industrial regions - northeast/south/west the industrial northeast the north of ohio

5、 river and the potomac river and to the east of the mississippi river 95% iron and steel and machine-making industries, other industries: ship building, coal mining, textile and chemical the oldest and most important industrial region industrial big cities: new york, philadelphia, boston, detroit, c

6、leveland, pittsburgh, baltimore, chicago the south historically backward in industry, remain so today 3/5 live on farms or in small towns, make their living from the land industry move to south for cheap labor cotton , textile plants in south other industries: oil extracting and oil refining. shipbu

7、ilding, munitions, chemical newly developed industrial region in u.s. the west important mining area: iron core, oil, copper, gold, silver, lead, tin main industries: electronic equipment, aerospace, aircraft manufacture, oil refinery big industrial cities: los angeles, san francisco, seattle the mo

8、st rapidly growing section of the country alaska: canned fish and lumber hawaii: canned pineapple american agriculture natural conditions agriculture distribution agriculture feature american farmers disadvantages 1. natural conditions 1. blessed with fertile soil 2. good climate for the agriculture

9、 3. arable land: 1/5 394 million acres: harvested cropland 890 million acres: permanent pastureland the most important crop-growing area: the central plain between the appalachians and the rockies, others in the atlantic coast plain, the great basins west of the rockies 2. agriculture distribution m

10、ost in the region between the appalachians and the rockies corn belt: south of the great lakes iowa: the leading corn state, followed by illinois, indiana, ohio the other principle products: wheat, cattle, diary goods the wheat land: the prairie region, kansas, north dakota, south dakota, oklahoma r

11、ice: the gulf plains, cotton and tobacco : economic crops in the south other cash crops: beets, sugarcane, fruits: orange, lemons, pineapples in florida, the pacific coast strip, hawaii the stock raising areas: in the neighborhood of the great lakes, the corn belt, eastern slope of the rocky range l

12、ivestock: cattle and pigs, on the ranches in the west highlands 3. agriculture features highly mechanized, operated on a large scale, big business farming and raising stock become industry agribusiness: large scale of nature of agricultural enterprise farm population: decrease in the past decades: 1

13、987 2million farms, down by 7% 5 years earlier family farms gazing animal, britains beef, welsh mutton, bse ( bovine spongiform encephalopathy ) 牛腦部海綿狀 病變，俗稱瘋牛病 british trade and finance 1.trade lifeline, geographical position, transfer point; one of the worlds most important trading nations, export

14、 1/6 , import 1/5; trading consumers: the commonwealth countries, the former colonies, the common market , the us and canada; invisible trade: shipping, insurance, banking fees, air services, the british trade authority. british financial factor the city of london (square mile) the oldest part of lo

15、ndon and ranks as one of the worlds most important financial centers. it contains the bank of england, the stock exchange, lloyds and other famous trading and financial organizations. the bank of england: central bank a wide range of responsibilities: an agent of government policy a banker to the government and the deposit banks the note-issuing authority other banks of england the big four: lloyds barclays midland the national westminster bank gro