1、 vc+程序設計課程設計報告 時鐘 時鐘 1.摘要:利用mfc設計制作一個能聯網調時時鐘，當按下f1鍵時，能打開或關閉幫助，單擊左鍵是，能拖動窗口，雙擊左鍵時，能聯網校時，滾動中軸時，能調整時間，單擊右鍵，能隨機變換背景顏色。2.關鍵詞：mfc；clock；c+ 3.前言：1.我們學習mfc，除了可以掌握一種windows應用程序設計的基本方法之外，還可以使他們進一步全面、深刻地理解向對象程序設計的思想。而且mfc所蘊含的程序設計思想、代碼實現技巧、則是其他開發工具所不能及的。2.我們通過制作這個時鐘，可以加深對mfc的設計思想的理解。也可以加強對c+的思想的理解。4.正文：4.1：窗口的創建

2、于注冊class caboutdlg : public cdialogpublic:caboutdlg();/ dialog data/afx_data(caboutdlg)enum idd = idd_aboutbox ;/afx_data/ classwizard generated virtual function overrides/afx_virtual(caboutdlg)protected:virtual void dodataexchange(cdataexchange* pdx); / ddx/ddv support/afx_virtual/ implementationpr

3、otected:/afx_msg(caboutdlg)/afx_msgdeclare_message_map();caboutdlg:caboutdlg() : cdialog(caboutdlg:idd)/afx_data_init(caboutdlg)/afx_data_initvoid caboutdlg:dodataexchange(cdataexchange* pdx)cdialog:dodataexchange(pdx);/afx_data_map(caboutdlg)/afx_data_mapbegin_message_map(caboutdlg, cdialog)/afx_ms

4、g_map(caboutdlg)/ no message handlers/afx_msg_mapend_message_map()/ calarmclockdlg dialogcalarmclockdlg:calarmclockdlg(cwnd* pparent /*=null*/): cdialog(calarmclockdlg:idd, pparent)/afx_data_init(calarmclockdlg)/ note: the classwizard will add member initialization here/afx_data_init/ note that load

5、icon does not require a subsequent destroyicon in win32m_hicon = afxgetapp()-loadicon(idr_mainframe);m_hthread = null;m_bkcolor = rgb(110, 200, 255);m_bhelp = true;void calarmclockdlg:dodataexchange(cdataexchange* pdx)cdialog:dodataexchange(pdx);/afx_data_map(calarmclockdlg)/ note: the classwizard w

6、ill add ddx and ddv calls here/afx_data_mapbegin_message_map(calarmclockdlg, cdialog)/afx_msg_map(calarmclockdlg)on_wm_syscommand()on_wm_paint()on_wm_querydragicon()on_wm_lbuttondown()on_wm_timer()on_wm_erasebkgnd()on_wm_lbuttondblclk()on_wm_rbuttondown()on_wm_mousewheel()/afx_msg_mapend_message_map

7、()/ calarmclockdlg message handlersvoid calarmclockdlg:onsyscommand(uint nid, lparam lparam)if (nid & 0xfff0) = idm_aboutbox)caboutdlg dlgabout;dlgabout.domodal();elsecdialog:onsyscommand(nid, lparam);/ the system calls this to obtain the cursor to display while the user drags/ the minimized window.

8、hcursor calarmclockdlg:onquerydragicon()return (hcursor)m_hicon;bool calarmclockdlg:oninitdialog()cdialog:oninitdialog();/ add about. menu item to system menu./ idm_aboutbox must be in the system command range.assert(idm_aboutbox & 0xfff0) = idm_aboutbox);assert(idm_aboutbox appendmenu(mf_separator)

9、;psysmenu-appendmenu(mf_string, idm_aboutbox, straboutmenu);/ set the icon for this dialog. the framework does this automatically/ when the applications main window is not a dialogseticon(m_hicon, true);/ set big iconseticon(m_hicon, false);/ set small icon/ todo: add extra initialization here/1. 將窗

10、口改成正方形crect rc;this-getwindowrect(&rc);int inewwh = min(rc.width(), rc.height();this-movewindow(rc.left, rc.top, inewwh, inewwh);/2. 設置繪圖區域this-getwindowrect(&rc);hrgn hrgn = :createellipticrgn(rc.left, rc.top, rc.right, rc.bottom);this-setwindowrgn(hrgn, true);/3. 設置定時器this-settimer(110, 7000, null

11、);/110 = helpthis-settimer(2359, 1000, null);/23:59 = move time/4. 主動觸發鼠標雙擊消息this-postmessage(wm_lbuttondblclk);/5. 設置窗口標題this-setwindowtext(internet時鐘);return true; / return true unless you set the focus to a controlvoid calarmclockdlg:ontimer(uint nidevent) if (nidevent = 2359)this-invalidate();el

12、se if (nidevent = 110)m_bhelp = false;this-killtimer(110);cdialog:ontimer(nidevent);/ if you add a minimize button to your dialog, you will need the code below/ to draw the icon. for mfc applications using the document/view model,/ this is automatically done for you by the framework.void calarmclock

13、dlg:onpaint() cpaintdc dc(this); / device context for paintingif (isiconic()sendmessage(wm_iconerasebkgnd, (wparam)dc.getsafehdc(), 0);/ center icon in client rectangleint cxicon = getsystemmetrics(sm_cxicon);int cyicon = getsystemmetrics(sm_cyicon);crect rect;getclientrect(&rect);int x = (rect.widt

14、h() - cxicon + 1) / 2;int y = (rect.height() - cyicon + 1) / 2;/ draw the icondc.drawicon(x, y, m_hicon);elseondraw(&dc);/cdialog:onpaint();bool calarmclockdlg:onerasebkgnd(cdc* pdc) / todo: add your message handler code here and/or call defaultreturn true;/return cdialog:onerasebkgnd(pdc);void cala

15、rmclockdlg:ondraw(cdc *pdc)/ todo: add draw code for native data here/如下的做法能避免繪圖閃爍, 強烈推薦使用. kouconghua./主要思想是將以前直接畫在pdc上的圖，改畫到一個內存dc(如dcmem)中去,/然后使用bitblt函數，將dcmem這個內存中的圖復制到當前屏幕即pdc中去./具體步驟如下, 其中a 和b 選擇一步即可, 不可二者都做: /a. 直接在ondraw()中增加如下語句, 以改變窗口背景為透明色:/ :setclasslong(this-m_hwnd, gcl_hbrbackground,/

16、(long)(hbrush):getstockobject(null_brush);/b. 在cxxxview類中增加onerasebkgnd()消息響應函數, / 將其中的代碼改為: return true;/ 直接返回true表示告訴系統繪圖時不再繪制背景，相當于設置窗口背景為null刷子./c. 為cxxxview類增加一個成員函數void ondrawmem(cdc &dcmem),/ 并將你以前寫在ondraw()中的代碼，移到ondrawmem()中去即可./1. 改變當前view窗口的背景為空刷子/:setclasslong(this-m_hwnd, gcl_hbrbackgro

17、und, (long)(hbrush):getstockobject(null_brush);/2. 獲取當前繪圖區的寬度和高度crect rcclient;this-getclientrect(&rcclient);int nwidth = rcclient.width();int nheight= rcclient.height();/3. 創建一個和pdc兼容的內存dc: dcmemcdc dcmem;dcmem.createcompatibledc(pdc);/pdc換成null也可以，指定為顯示器/創建一個位圖對象, 其寬度和高度就用當前繪圖區的nwidth 和nheightcbit

18、map bmp;bmp.createcompatiblebitmap(pdc, nwidth, nheight);/將bmp選入到dcmem中, 只有選入了位圖的dcmem才有地方繪圖，畫到指定的bmp位圖上cbitmap * poldbit = dcmem.selectobject(&bmp);/4. 先用背景色將位圖清除干凈，這里我用的是m_bkcolor作為背景dcmem.fillsolidrect(0, 0, nwidth, nheight, m_bkcolor);/5. 執行真正的繪圖代碼, 如dcmem.moveto(); dcmem.lineto(); 等等ondrawmem(&

19、dcmem);/6. 將dcmem中的圖拷貝到pdc上進行顯示. 關鍵點.pdc-bitblt(0, 0, nwidth, nheight, &dcmem, 0, 0, srccopy);/7. 繪圖完成后的清理bmp.deleteobject();dcmem.deletedc();4.2：中心時間顯示void calarmclockdlg:ondrawmem(cdc *pdc)crect rc;this-getclientrect(&rc);/獲取客戶區矩形/1. 獲取設備資源cpen *poldpen = pdc-getcurrentpen();cpen pen(ps_solid, 1,

20、rgb(0,0,0);pdc-selectobject(&pen);cbrush *poldbrush = pdc-getcurrentbrush();cbrush brush;/使圓背景透明，不至于遮擋住圓心處顯示的時間文本brush.createstockobject(null_brush);pdc-selectobject(&brush);pdc-setbkmode(transparent);/設置文本背景為透明pdc-settextcolor(rgb(128, 0, 128);/設置文本顏色/2. 獲取圓心和半徑point pto;/圓心int ir = min(rc.right -

21、rc.left, rc.bottom-rc.top) / 2;ir = ir - 10;/半徑pto.x = (rc.right + rc.left) / 2;pto.y = (rc.bottom + rc.top) / 2;/3. 取得時, 分, 秒cstring stime;systemtime tm;:getlocaltime(&tm);/取得本地時間float fsecond = tm.wsecond;float fminute = tm.wminute + fsecond / 60.0f;float fhour = tm.whour % 12 + fminute / 60.0f;/在

22、圓心附近顯示時間/crect rto(pto.x - 40, pto.y + 2, pto.x + 40, pto.y + 22);crect rto(pto.x - ir, pto.y + 2, pto.x + ir, pto.y + ir);stime.format(%.2d:%.2d:%.2d, tm.whour, tm.wminute, tm.wsecond);pdc-drawtext(stime, &rto, dt_center); 4.3：畫時鐘算法：時鐘的秒刻度分為60個刻度，每個刻度是6四個象限的刻度尺的算法如下：/第一象限for(int i=0;i16;i+)point pt

23、0; pt0.x = ptorigin.x + ir * sin( pi/180 * 6*i) * 0.95f;pt0.y = ptorigin.y - ir * cos( pi/180 * 6*i) * 0.95f;setpixel(hdc,pt0.x,pt0.y,rgb(255,0,0);/第四象限for(i=1;i16;i+)point pt0;pt0.x = ptorigin.x + ir * cos( pi/180 * 6*i) * 0.95f;pt0.y = ptorigin.y + ir * sin( pi/180 * 6*i) * 0.95f;setpixel(hdc,pt0.

24、x,pt0.y,rgb(255,0,0);/第三象限for(i=1;i16;i+)point pt0;pt0.x = ptorigin.x - ir * sin( pi/180 * 6*i) * 0.95f;pt0.y = ptorigin.y + ir * cos( pi/180 * 6*i) * 0.95f;setpixel(hdc,pt0.x,pt0.y,rgb(255,0,0);/第二象限for(i=1;i15;i+)point pt0;pt0.x = ptorigin.x - ir * cos( pi/180 * 6*i) * 0.95f;pt0.y = ptorigin.y - i

25、r * sin( pi/180 * 6*i) * 0.95f;setpixel(hdc,pt0.x,pt0.y,rgb(255,0,0);根據：sin（pi/2）coscos（/2）sin第四象限可以寫成for(int i=16;i32;i+)point pt0;pt0.x = ptorigin.x + ir * sin( pi/180 * 6*i) * 0.95f;pt0.y = ptorigin.y - ir * cos( pi/180 * 6*i) * 0.95f;setpixel(hdc,pt0.x,pt0.y,rgb(255,0,0);根據：sin（）sincos（）cos第三象限可

26、以寫成：for(int i=32;i48;i+)point pt0;pt0.x = ptorigin.x + ir * sin( pi/180 * 6*i) * 0.95f;pt0.y = ptorigin.y - ir * cos( pi/180 * 6*i) * 0.95f;setpixel(hdc,pt0.x,pt0.y,rgb(255,0,0);根據：sin（3/2）coscos（3/2）sin第二象限可以寫成for(int i=48;i60;i+)point pt0;pt0.x = ptorigin.x + ir * sin( pi/180 * 6*i) * 0.95f;pt0.y

27、= ptorigin.y - ir * cos( pi/180 * 6*i) * 0.95f;setpixel(hdc,pt0.x,pt0.y,rgb(255,0,0);最后統一成：for(int i=0;iellipse(pto.x - ir, pto.y - ir, pto.x + ir, pto.y + ir);/4.1 畫秒刻度pen.deleteobject();pen.createpen(ps_solid, 1, rgb(0,0,0);pdc-selectobject(&pen);for (int i = 0; i moveto(pta.x, pta.y);pdc-lineto(p

28、tb.x, ptb.y);/4.2 畫小時刻度pen.deleteobject();pen.createpen(ps_solid, 2, rgb(0,0,0);pdc-selectobject(&pen);for (i = 0; i moveto(pta.x, pta.y);pdc-lineto(ptb.x, ptb.y);/寫出小時數字int j = i/5;if (j = 0) j = 12;cstring stime;stime.format(%d, j);point ptn;ptn.x = pto.x + ir * sin( pi/30 * i) * 0.87f;ptn.y = pto

29、.y - ir * cos( pi/30 * i) * 0.87f;crect rtn(ptn.x - 10, ptn.y - 10, ptn.x + 10, ptn.y + 10);pdc-drawtext(stime, &rtn, dt_center | dt_vcenter);/5. 畫秒針 60s = 2*pi, 1s = pi / 30pen.deleteobject();pen.createpen(ps_solid, 1, rgb(0,0,255);pdc-selectobject(&pen);point ptsecond;ptsecond.x = pto.x + ir * sin

30、( pi/30 * fsecond) * 0.94f;ptsecond.y = pto.y - ir * cos( pi/30 * fsecond) * 0.94f;pdc-moveto(pto.x, pto.y);pdc-lineto(ptsecond.x, ptsecond.y);/6. 畫分針 60m = 2*pi, 1m = pi / 30pen.deleteobject();pen.createpen(ps_solid, 2, rgb(255,0,0);pdc-selectobject(&pen);point ptminute;ptminute.x = pto.x +ir * sin

31、( pi/30 * fminute) * 0.84f;ptminute.y = pto.y - ir * cos( pi/30 * fminute) * 0.84f;pdc-moveto(pto.x, pto.y);pdc-lineto(ptminute.x, ptminute.y);/7. 畫時針 12h = 2*pi, 1h = pi / 6pen.deleteobject();pen.createpen(ps_solid, 3, rgb(255,0,255);pdc-selectobject(&pen);point pthour;pthour.x = pto.x + ir * sin(

32、pi/6 * fhour) * 0.71f;pthour.y = pto.y - ir * cos( pi/6 * fhour) * 0.71f;pdc-moveto(pto.x, pto.y);pdc-lineto(pthour.x, pthour.y);4.4：顯示幫助信息及其相關操作/幫助信息, 顯示7s后關閉if (m_bhelp)cstring shelp;shelp += 按下f1鍵: 幫助開關rn;shelp += 單擊左鍵: 拖動窗口rn;shelp += 雙擊左鍵: 聯網校時rn;shelp += 滾動中軸: 調整時間rn;shelp += 單擊右鍵: 隨機背景rn;shel

33、p += 按esc 鍵: 退出程序rn;if (int(fhour) % 12 = 3 & (int)fhour % 12 drawtext(shelp, &rthelp, dt_center | dt_vcenter);elsecrect rthelp(pto.x - ir, pto.y + ir / 5, pto.x + ir, pto.y + ir * 4 / 5);pdc-drawtext(shelp, &rthelp, dt_center | dt_vcenter);/8. 恢復現場, 釋放資源pdc-selectobject(poldpen);pdc-selectobject(po

34、ldbrush);pen.deleteobject();brush.deleteobject();/移動無標題窗口void calarmclockdlg:onlbuttondown(uint nflags, cpoint point) this-sendmessage(wm_nclbuttondown, htcaption, 0);cdialog:onlbuttondown(nflags, point);/internet校時void calarmclockdlg:onlbuttondblclk(uint nflags, cpoint point) if (m_hthread) :termin

35、atethread(m_hthread, -1);m_hthread = :createthread(null, 0, setinternettimeproc, this, 0, null);cdialog:onlbuttondblclk(nflags, point);/隨機背景void calarmclockdlg:onrbuttondown(uint nflags, cpoint point)/ todo: add your message handler code here and/or call default:srand(:gettickcount();m_bkcolor = rgb

36、(rand() * 100 % 255, rand() * 100 % 255, rand() * 100 % 255);this-invalidate();cdialog:onrbuttondown(nflags, point);/調整時間bool calarmclockdlg:onmousewheel(uint nflags, short zdelta, cpoint pt) / todo: add your message handler code here and/or call defaultsystemtime tm;:getlocaltime(&tm);coledatetime

37、now = coledatetime:getcurrenttime();now += coledatetimespan(0, 0, zdelta 0 ? -1 : 1, 0); / 1 minute exactlytm.whour = now.gethour();tm.wminute = now.getminute();tm.wsecond = 0;/now.getsecond();:setlocaltime(&tm);this-invalidate();return cdialog:onmousewheel(nflags, zdelta, pt);/鍵盤控制void calarmclockd

38、lg:onkeydown(uint nchar, uint nrepcnt, uint nflags)/ todo: add your message handler code here and/or call defaultswitch (nchar)case vk_escape:cdialog:onok();break;case vk_home:this-sendmessage(wm_lbuttondblclk);break;case vk_end:systemtime tm;:getlocaltime(&tm);tm.whour = 0;tm.wminute = 0;tm.wsecond

39、 = 0;:setlocaltime(&tm);this-invalidate();break;case vk_down:case vk_right:case vk_next:onmousewheel(0, -1, 0);break;case vk_up:case vk_left:case vk_prior:onmousewheel(0, 1, 0);break;/cdialog:onkeydown(nchar, nrepcnt, nflags);/幫助信息void calarmclockdlg:winhelp(dword dwdata, uint ncmd) / todo: add your

40、 specialized code here and/or call the base classm_bhelp = !m_bhelp;if (m_bhelp)this-settimer(110, 7000, null);elsethis-killtimer(110);this-invalidate();/cdialog:winhelp(dwdata, ncmd);/將當前系統時間設置為從internet取得的標準時間dword calarmclockdlg:setinternettimeproc(lpvoid lpparameter)calarmclockdlg *pdlg = (calar

41、mclockdlg *)lpparameter;dword bret = false;/創建tcp套接字socket sock = socket(af_inet, sock_stream, ipproto_tcp);if (sock = invalid_socket)pdlg-m_hthread = null;return false;/設置接收超時時間為2sint ntimeout = 2000;:setsockopt(sock, sol_socket, so_rcvtimeo, (char *)&ntimeout, sizeof(ntimeout);/時間服務器ip地址char *szse

42、rver = 4, 01, 02, 03, 8, 0, 1, , , 04,13, 3, 02, ,.tw,,,, 5, , ,4, 9, 8, , ;/嘗試連接不同的服務器bool bconnect = false;for (int i = 0; i m_hthread = null;return false;while (t