woundcleaning-Techniques傷口清潔-技術,Componentswhichneedtoberemovedfromwoundbed需要從創面去除的部分Surplusexudate多余滲出物Necrotictissue壞死組織Deadcells死亡細胞Breadinggroundforbacteriaandcomponentswhichmightbesupportivetothedevelopmentofbiofilms.細菌滋養環境以及可能會促進生物被膜形成的成分,woundcleaning傷口清潔,Generalgoal總體目標Toremovedebriesandfroeignbodies.去除碎屑與異物Necrotictissue壞死組織Deadcells死亡細胞Fibrin纖維蛋白Toxins，MMP毒素，MMPForeignbodies(forinstanceremainsforpreviouslyuseddressings)異物（例如先前使用的敷料）,Woundcleaning-Techniques傷口清潔-技術,Requirementsonwoundrinsingsolutions對傷口沖洗液的要求Shouldbesterilie無菌Notcolored無色Genteltocells/nontoxic細胞溫和型/無毒Bodytemperature(coolingdownwoundbedreducesorinactivatescellactivity)28nofunction體溫（冷卻創面、減少細胞活性或使其滅活）28無效,Woundcleaning傷口清潔,Ways方法Basiccleanningofwoundbed,woundedgesandsurroundingarea對傷口創面、邊緣以及周圍進行基本清洗Antibacteiracleanning抗菌劑清洗Woundrinsing傷口沖洗WoundcleaningWettodry干燥清洗傷口Debridement清創術Negtivepressure負壓,Woundcleaning傷口清潔-技術,CleanigwithRinsingsolution采用沖洗溶液進行清洗Saline生理鹽水Ringersolution林格氏液Indication:Cleaningwound適應癥：清潔傷口Nontouchtechnique非接觸技術,Woundcleaning傷口清潔-技術,Cleanningwithantisepticsolution采用消毒溶液進行清洗Octenidin-di-hydrochlorid奧替尼啶鹽酸化合物Polyhexanid聚已縮胍Iodine碘Indication:Infectedandcontaminatedwound適應癥：感染傷口和污染傷口Nontouchtechnique:Fromoutsidetocenterofwoundinordertoavoidfurtherspreadingofbacteriatothesurroundingarea.非接觸技術：從外圍向中間清洗以避免細菌向周圍進一步播散,Woundcleaning-Antisepticsolution傷口清潔-消毒溶液,Octenidin-di-hydrochlorid奧替尼啶鹽酸化合物Polyhexanid聚已縮胍Advantages優點notcolored,notinacticatedbybodyfluids無色、不會被體液滅活donotinitiateresistance,skinirritationandallergies不會引起抗藥性、皮膚刺激或過敏Disadvantages缺點notavailableandreimbursedinmanycountries在許多地區不能使用而且不能報銷不能采用高壓將奧替尼啶注入腔內加以應用Bothshouldnotbeappliedoncartilageandincontactwithinternalorgans(abdominalcavity)二者均不能在軟骨上運用，且不能與內部器官接觸（腹腔）,Woundcleaning-Antisepticsolution傷口清潔-消毒溶液,IodineAdvantages優點EffevtiveagainstGrampostiveandGramnegtivebacteria可有效對抗革蘭陽氏和陰性菌Availableindifferentformsforapplication(ointment,lotions)可以采用不同形式加以運用（軟膏、洗液）Disadvantages缺點Colored(makeswoundassessmentdifficult)有色（難以對傷口進行評估）Inactivatedbybodyfluids會被體液滅活Sensitivitymightoccur可能會發生過敏Systemicsideeffectsduetoabsortion吸收會導致全身副作用,Wounddebridement清創術,Incaseofachronic,difficulttohealwoundcleaningcanbesupportedwithdifferentwaysofdebridement在慢性、難愈合性傷口的清潔中可才采用不同的清創術進行支持治療Requirements要求：Asgentleaspossible盡可能溫柔Asthoroughaspossible盡可能徹底Assoonaspossible盡早,Debridementopportunity清創時機,病情許可，越早越好Illnesspermission,thesooner,thebetter無明顯感染表現，均可清創Noapparentinfection,debridementperformance已有感染，但傷口有異物或較多壞死組織，也可清創，清創后傷口暫不縫合IftheWoundisinfected,buthaveaforeignbodyormuchnecrotictissue,wecanalsodebridement,anddonotwoundclosureafterdebridement急性傷口理想時間：傷后8小時以內，頭面、手部傷口12小時以內Theidealtime:8hoursafterthewound,andthehead,handwithin12hoursafterthewound,Debridementmethods傷口清創方法,機械清創（傷口清洗和傷口浴，水下低頻超聲波處理、聚氨酸脂類軟性泡沫復合物產品等）Mechanicaldebridement外科清創（剪刀、手術刀、鋒利勺、刮器）Surgicaldebridement酶清創（蛋白質、肽類）Enzymaticdebridement生物清創Biosurgicaldebridement自溶性清創（內活性傷口敷料、如水膠體、水凝膠）Autolyticdebridement,Wounddebridemen清創術,Mechanical機械性清創Wipe(mechancialyclean)thewoundwithsterilegauze無菌紗布擦拭傷口（機械型清洗）Gauzecanbemoistordry可以采用濕性或干性紗布Cave:mightbepainfulforpatient孔洞：可能造成患者疼痛Aternative選擇Soakedgauzeisappliedtowoundandshouldberemovedgently.Everytimesomeofwounddebriswillremainingauze.對傷口使用浸濕紗布，而且去除紗布時動作應當輕柔。每次都會有一些傷口碎屑留在紗布內。,Wounddebridemen清創術,Surgical手術清創Removalofdebriswithcurette,abrasororscapel采用刮匙、刮除器或手術刀去除碎屑Usuallyperformedbysurgeonorspeciallytrainednursesundersupervisionofsurgeon.通常由外科醫生執行清創或者在外科醫生的監督下由護士進行清創。Cave空洞Mightbepainfulforpatient可能會引起患者疼痛Chanceofbleeding可能會出血InseverecasesintmustbeconductedinOR嚴重時必須采用手術進行處理,Wounddebridemen清創術,Enzymatic酶解清創術Removalofdebriswithemzymes采用酶法Havetoberenewedfrequently必須經常更新Needamoistandbodywarmenvironmenttobeeffective需要保肢潮濕和體溫環境才能產生作用Havetobeappliedattheareaofdebris必須在清創區域使用CollegesSanty1Z*Ointment(膠原酶Santy1)Enzymaticdebridingagent(清創酶),Wounddebridemen清創術,Biosurgicalwithmaggots采用蛆進行生物手術Serratiamarcecens沙雷桿菌Advantage優點Veryselectivecleaning/Antisepticeffect選擇性清潔/防腐作用Stimulategranulation刺激肉芽生長Almostpainfree幾乎無痛Disadvantage缺點Notalwayseasytoapplyandkeepinplace不容易使用而且不容易固定。Ethicalaspectsneedconsideration.需要對倫理學方面加以考慮。,Wounddebridement清創術,Autolytic自熔性清創術Facilitatebodyownsofmechanismofdebridementmoistdressing采用適當的濕性敷料促進機體自身清創機制Advantage優點Cellfriendly細胞親和性Almostpainfree幾乎無痛Easytodo容易操作Disadvantage缺點Tasksmoretimethanforinstancesurgicaldebridement比手術清創方法花費更多時間Needstobeadaptedtotheindividualrequirementsofwound需要適合傷口的個體要求Notalwayseffectiveforinstanceincaseofthicknecroticlayer在諸如壞死層較厚的情況下,Theevolutionandapplicationofdressings,GauzeOilYam、stickingHydrocolloiddressingsAntibacterialdressings,干紗布油砂、敷貼水膠體抗菌敷料、生物活性敷料,Wounddressings-General傷口敷料總體,Requirements要求Maintainmoistenvironment保持環境濕潤Sterile無菌Removeexcessexudate去除多余滲出物Nontoxic無毒性Nonsenstizing無過敏性Protectthewoundfromfurthertrauma保護傷口防止進一步損傷Allownontraumaticremoval去除時不會產生損傷Protectfrommigrationofbacteria保護傷口防止細菌遷移Keepwoundatbodytemperature(Isulation)保護傷口處于體溫下（絕緣）Allowgaseousexchange允許空氣交換Comfortable舒適Economical/requireinfrequentchanges經濟/不需要經常更換,Wounddressings-Requirements傷口敷料要求,Keyfunctions主要作用Keepwoundbedmoist保持創面濕潤Keepwoundsurroundingskindry保持傷口周圍皮膚干燥Avoidcoolingdownofwoundtemperature避免傷口溫度降低Protectfrominfection預防感染Shouldnotleaveresidualsinwound傷口內不應留下殘余物,Wounddressings-Requirements傷口敷料要求,Keyfunctions主要作用Keepwoundbedmoist保持創面濕潤Keepwoundsurroundingskindry保持傷口周圍皮膚干燥Avoidcoolingdownofwoundtemperature避免傷口溫度降低Protectfrominfection預防感染Shouldnotleaveresidualsinwound傷口內不應留下殘余物,Wounddressings-Differentkinds,Criteriaforselection選擇標準Woundsite傷口位置Exudate滲出物Signsofinfection感染跡象Conditionofwoundsurroundingskin傷口周圍皮膚狀況Pain疼痛,Wounddressings-Requirements傷口敷料要求,Occlusiveornonocclusivedressings封閉型或非封閉型敷料Occlusiveenvironmentissupportiveforwoundhealing封閉環境有助于傷口愈合Attention注意Incaseofinfection,severecontaminationexposedtendon,bone,fistualsanocclusioncanbedangerous.在肌腱、骨骼暴露以及瘺管存在感染或嚴重感染時，封閉可能具有危險Keepwoundsurroundingskindry保持傷口周圍皮膚干燥,Wounddressings-Wettherapy(TenderWet)傷口敷料濕潤療法（德濕威TenderWet）,Description說明Hydroactivedressingpadforwettherapy采用水活化性敷料墊用于濕潤療法Madeofhighlyabsorbingpolyacrylate采用高吸水性聚丙烯酸酯制造Activeabsorbingandrinsingeffect具有有效吸收和沖洗作用AlreadyactivatedversionplusseparateRingersolutionavailable可以采用已活化型或者未活化型外加林格氏液。,Wounddressings-Wettherapy(TenderWet)傷口敷料濕潤療法（德濕威TenderWet,Keyobjectivesforapplication使用的主要目的Hydrationofwoundbedfor24hours使創面保濕24小時Initiationandsupportofautolyticdebridement引發或有助于自溶性清創ReleaseofRingersolutionintowoundbed將林格氏液釋放至創面Absorptionofwoundexudate吸收傷口滲出液,Wounddressings-Wettherapy(TenderWet)傷口敷料濕潤療法（德濕威TenderWet）,Predominateuseinfollowingphasesofwoundhealing主要應用于傷口愈合的以下階段,Cleaning清潔Cleaning+Granulation清洗+肉芽形成Granulation肉芽形成,Rehydratesescharsupportautolyticmechanisms再次水化焦痂有助于自溶機制ReduceMMP減少MMPProtectsandmaintainsclean保持并維持清潔,Wounddressings-Wettherapy(TenderWet)傷口敷料濕潤療法（德濕威TenderWet）,Mainindication主要適應癥Infectedwounds(deepandsuperficial)感染傷口（深部和表淺）Necroticwounds(deepandsuperficial)壞死傷口（深部和表淺）Woundswithstagnatinghealing愈合停止的傷口,Wounddressings-Wettherapy(TenderWet)傷口敷料濕潤療法（德濕威TenderWet）,Contraindication禁忌癥Escharduetountreatedarterialulceration由未經治療的動脈性潰瘍所導致的焦痂Exercisecaution注意Contactofdressingwithwoundbedmustbesecured敷料和創面必須牢固接觸,Wounddressings-Wettherapy(TenderWet)傷口敷料濕潤療法（德濕威TenderWet）,Handing操作Protectwoundsurroundingarea保護傷口周圍區域Mustbechangedafter24hours24小時后必須更換GreenstripesofTenderWet24arefacingawayfromwoundbed在創面使用德濕威24時，應將綠色條紋面朝外。Dressingmustnotbecut不要對敷料進行裁減,Wounddressings-Wettherapy(TenderWet)傷口敷料濕潤療法（德濕威TenderWet）,Fixation固定Fixationwithnonabsorbentdressing,bandageornonwovenadhesive以非吸收性敷料、繃帶或非編織型膠帶進行固定。,WounddressingsAlginates傷口敷料藻酸鹽類敷料,Alginatefromoriginatefrombetweenalgae海藻纖維源于褐藻Alginateturnintogetwhenincontactwithwoundexudate藻酸鹽類敷料與傷口接觸時可變成凝膠Alginatescanabsorbasignificantamountmorethantheirweightofwoundfluids藻酸鹽類敷料可以吸收顯著高于其自身重量的傷口滲出液,WounddressingsAlginates傷口敷料藻酸鹽類敷料,Keyobjectivesforapplication使用的主要目的Woundfilling填充傷口Supportofautolyticdebridementduetogetinformation凝膠形成有助于自溶性清創Absorptionofwoundexudate吸收傷口滲出液Embedbacteriaandtoxininstructure將細菌和毒物包裹在凝膠中Haemostaticeffect具有止血作用,WounddressingsAlginates傷口敷料藻酸鹽類敷料,Predominateuseinfollowingphasesofwoundhealing主要應用于傷口愈合的以下階段Cleaning清潔Granulation肉芽形成Especiallyfordeepsmallcavitywounds尤其用于較深而且較小的孔腔性潰瘍Rarely很少,WounddressingsAlginates傷口敷料藻酸鹽類敷料,Mainindication主要適應癥Infectedwounds(deepandsuperficial)感染傷口（深部和表淺）Necroticwounds(deepandsuperficial)壞死傷口（深部和表淺）Woundswithstagnatinghealing愈合停止的傷口Woundswiithtendencyforbleeding存在出血傾向的傷口,WounddressingsAlginates傷口敷料藻酸鹽類敷料,Contraindication禁忌癥Dryorcrustedwounds干燥或結痂傷口Drynecrosis干性壞死Third-degreeburnsorhigher3度或3度以上燒傷Exercisecaution注意Pressurereleaseswoundexudateagain壓力解除傷口會再次滲出RemoveAlginatesresidual-free去除藻酸鹽類敷料時不應留有殘余（dangerofinfection）(具有危害性或感染性)Donotapplywithpressure不應加壓使用Avoidoverlappingwoundedges避免與傷口邊緣重疊,WounddressingsAlginates傷口敷料藻酸鹽類敷料,Fixation固定Alginatesneedtobecoveredbyasecondarydressing藻酸鹽類敷料需要采用次級敷料加以覆蓋Non-infectedwoundFineporedfoamdressing:hydrocolloidorfilmdressing非感染性傷口：細孔泡沫敷料、水膠敷料或薄膜敷料InfectedwoundElasticgauzebandages:tubularbandagesornonwovenfixationproducts感染性傷口：彈力繃帶、筒形繃帶或非編織性固定產品,WounddressingsHydrofiberdressings傷口敷料親水性材料,Description說明Madeof“Natriumcarboxymethycellulose”由羧甲基纖維素制成Highabsorptioncapacity吸收性能較高Turnsintotransparentgetwhenincontactwithwoundexudate垂直吸收創面滲出液,WounddressingsHydrofiberdressings傷口敷料親水性材料,Keyobjectives使用主要目的Absorptionofwoundexudate吸收傷口滲出液Inclusionofwoundexudateevenunderpressure(compressiontherapy)即使可以在壓力作用下（加壓治療）也可以吸入傷口滲液Predominateuseinfollowingphasesofwoundhealing主要應用于傷口愈合的以下階段Cleansing:Exudingsloughedwounds清潔：排除傷口腐肉Granulation:肉芽形成：很少,WounddressingsHydrofiberdressings傷口敷料親水性材料,Mainindication主要適應癥Highlysecretingwounds高分泌型傷口Acuteandchronicwounds急性和慢性傷口Postoperativewounds術后傷口Firstandsecond-degreeburns1度或2度燒傷Incaseofproblematic(indangertodevelopmaceration)surroundskin用于傷口周圍皮膚存在問題的情況下（具有發展成浸漬傷口的危險）,WounddressingsHydrofiberdressings傷口敷料親水性材料,Contraindication禁忌癥Drywounds干燥傷口Drynecrosiswounds干性壞死Third-orforth-degreeburns3度或4度燒傷Exercisecaution注意None,WounddressingsHydrofiberdressings傷口敷料親水性材料,Handling操作Dressingmaydevelopthewoundbyabout1inch敷料可以在傷口上重疊約1英寸厚Hydrofibertamponadesshouldbepokeoutofthewoundbyapproximatelyaninch水性纖維敷料填塞應高于傷口約1英寸,WounddressingsHydrofiberdressings傷口敷料親水性材料,Fixation固定Hydrofiberdressingsneedtobecoveredbyassecondarydressing富含纖維敷料需要采用次級敷料加以覆蓋Absorbingpads、gauzebandagesornonwovenfixationproducts吸收墊、紗布繃帶或非編織性產品,WounddressingsPolyurethane/Foamdressings傷口敷料聚氨酯/泡沫敷料,Description說明Madeofafine(Polyurethane)foamcoveredwithasemiocclusivePolyurethanefilm由覆蓋一層封閉型聚氨基甲酯薄膜的精制泡沫構成Foamdressingshavehighabsorption泡沫敷料具有高度吸水性Airpermeablemembraneenablesgasexchange空氣可以滲入薄膜使氣體得以交換Availablewithandwithoutadhesive可以和膠帶一起應用，也可以單獨使用,WounddressingsPolyurethane/Foamdressings傷口敷料聚氨酯/泡沫敷料,Predominateuseinfollowingphasesofwoundhealing主要應用于傷口愈合的以下階段Cleaning清潔evenincaseofsloughy/necroticwounds，sometimesoninfectedwounds(withooutadhesiveborder)甚至可以用于壞死性傷口,有時可以用于感染性傷口（無粘性邊緣）Granulation肉芽形成Epithellialisation上皮形成thinfoamdressingonly只采用薄層泡沫敷料,WounddressingsPolyurethane/Foamdressings傷口敷料聚氨酯/泡沫敷料,Mainindication主要適應癥Exudatingwounds滲出性傷口Ascavityindeep,underminedexudatingwounds孔腔較深的潛行性滲出傷口Incombinationwithcompressiontherapy聯合加壓治療Onslushy,fibrincoatedwounds膠凍狀纖維蛋白覆蓋性傷口,WounddressingsPolyurethane/Foamdressings傷口敷料聚氨酯/泡沫敷料,Contraindication禁忌癥Infectedwounds(borderedversions)感染傷口（邊界模糊）Drywound干燥傷口Third-orforth-degreeandhigher3度或3度以上燒傷Necroticwounds.OnlyasacoverincombinationwithforinstanceHydrogelwound壞死傷口，只能與其他敷料合用坐覆蓋，如水凝膠敷料。Exercisecaution注意Possibilityofmacerationwhendressingcapacityisexhausted當敷料吸收能力達極限時具有浸漬的可能,WounddressingsPolyurethane/Foamdressings傷口敷料聚氨酯/泡沫敷料,Handing操作Cavityproductsfordeepwounds孔腔產品用于深部傷口Dressingshouldbeoverlapping敷料應當重疊使用Dressingscansometimesbecuttofittingsize有時可將敷料裁剪成適當大小Canstayonwoundupto7days(dependingonamountofwoundexudate)可以在傷口保留長達7天（依據傷口滲出液的量）,WounddressingsPolyurethane/Foamdressings傷口敷料聚氨酯/泡沫敷料,Fixation固定Oftennotneededduetoadhesivebordersofdressingpads由于敷料墊具有粘性邊緣通常不需要固定Fixationwithsemipermeablefilms,siliconecoatedfilmsorelasticbandages以半透膜、硅涂層薄膜或彈力繃帶固定,WounddressingsHydrocolloiddressings傷口敷料水膠體敷料,Description說明Semioclusive,madeofwater-repellingpolymermatrix(thinpolyurethanefilm)半封閉型采用防水性聚合物基質形成（聚氨酯薄膜）Matrixcontainshydrocolloidsubstance基質包含親水物質Sometimeswithadhesivenonwovenboardersorflatterboardersforeasyapplication有時存在便于使用的粘性非編織性邊緣或更為平整的粘性邊緣,WounddressingsHydrocolloiddressings傷口敷料水膠體敷料,Keyobjectivesforapplication使用的主要目的Supportgranulation有助于肉芽組織形成Absorptionofcelldebris吸收細胞碎屑Limitedabsorptionofwoundexudate傷口滲出液吸收有限Ensuringamoistwoundenvironment確保濕潤的傷口環境Protectionagainstexternaleffects保護傷口防止外部影響,WounddressingsHydrocolloiddressings傷口敷料水膠體敷料,Predominateuseinfollowingphasesofwoundhealing主要應用于傷口愈合的以下階段Cleansing清潔Granulation肉芽形成Epithelialisation上皮形成,WounddressingsHydrocolloiddressings傷口敷料水膠體敷料,Mainindication主要適應癥Lowtomediumamountofwoundexudate少量到中等量的傷口滲出液Abrasions,first-andsseconddegreeburns,decubitus,legulcers擦傷、1度或2度燒傷、褥瘡、腿部潰瘍WoundsinEpithelialisationphase處于上皮形成時期的傷口Asacoverforotherwounddressings(e.g.alginates)作為其他傷口敷料的覆蓋物,WounddressingsHydrocolloiddressings傷口敷料水膠體敷料,Contraindication禁忌癥Deepmycosis深部真菌病Highlyexudingorbleedingwounds高度滲血或出血傷口Thirdorforth-degreeburns3度或4度燒傷Osteomyelitis骨髓炎Deepwoundswithbarebones,muscles,tendons深部傷口伴谷歌、肌肉、肌腱裸露Exercisecaution注意Macerationofsurroundingskinpossible傷口具有浸漬可能Hypergranulation肉芽組織過度形成Diabeticfootulcers糖尿病性足部潰瘍,WounddressingsHydrocolloiddressings傷口敷料水膠體敷料,Handing操作Someofhydrocolloiddressingshouldhavebodytemperaturewhenapplied在使用時應將某些水膠體敷料加熱至體溫Surroundingofwoundneedstobefreeofhair傷口周圍備皮Dressingneedtobeapproximatelyaninchbiggerthanwound敷料應當大于傷口約1英寸Canstayonwoundupto7days可以在傷口上保留長達7天Dressingchangerequiredwhengetclosetoborderofdressing當凝膠接近敷料邊緣時則需要更換敷料,WounddressingsHydrocolloiddressings傷口敷料水膠體敷料,Fixation固定Nosecondarydressingorfixationneeded不需要次級敷料或固定Hydrocolloiddressingsareoftenusedasfixationforotherwounddressings水膠體敷料通常最為其他敷料的固定物Ifneededfurtherfixationwithadhesiveproductslikefilmsect,possible如果需要，可以采取注入膠帶之類的產品進行固定,WounddressingsHydrogelamorphousgels傷口敷料無定形水凝膠敷料,Contraindication禁忌癥Woundpain傷口疼痛Macerationofsurroundingskin周圍皮膚浸漬Exercisecaution注意Sensitivityagainstcomponentspossible可能會有成分過敏,WounddressingsHydrogelamorphousgels傷口敷料無定形水凝膠敷料,Handing操作Applicationof0.3to0.5cmofgelonwound在傷口上使用0.3到0.5cm的凝膠Protectionofsurroundingskinnecessarytoavoidmaceration有必要對周圍皮膚進行保護以免發生浸漬RinsingofwoundwithRingersolutionorsalinetoremoveresidues采用林格氏液或生理鹽水沖洗去除殘余凝膠,WounddressingsHydrogelamorphousgels傷口敷料無定形水凝膠敷料,Fixation固定Secondarydressingabsolutelynecessary絕對有必要使用次級敷料固定Hydropolymerorhydrocolloiddressingsincaseofnon-infected,moistwounds對于非感染傷口,可以采用水聚合型敷料或水膠體型敷料加以固定Semipermeablefilmsfordrywounds對于干性傷口，可以采用半透膜固定Sterilepadsornonwovenadhesivesforinfectedwounds對于感染性傷口，可以采用無菌敷料或非編織型膠帶固定,WounddressingsHydrogelsheets傷口敷料水凝膠片,Description說明Semiolcusive,transparentdressings半封閉性、透明敷料Applicationdirectlyonwound直接用于傷口Keepwoundmoist保持傷口濕潤Allowinspectionofwoundthroughdressing可以通過敷料檢查傷口Canstayseveraldaysonwound可以在傷口保留數日Reducepain減輕疼痛Smallamountofexudatecanbeabsorbed可以吸收少量滲出液Contain15-95%waterbutarenotabsolutelyinwater含15-95%水分但不溶于水Cushioningeffect緩沖作用,WounddressingsHydrogelsheets傷口敷料水凝膠片,Keyobjectivesforapplication使用的主要目的Superficial,drywoundsarekeptmoist保持淺表、干燥傷口的濕潤Accelerationofcellgrowth促進細胞生長Supportofautolyticdebridement有助于自溶性清創Coolingeffectonburns對于燒傷具有冷卻作用Painreduction減輕疼痛,WounddressingsHydrogelsheets傷口敷料水凝膠片,Predominateuseinfollowingphasesofwoundhealing主要應用于傷口愈合的以下階段CleaningRehydrateseschar，supportautolyticmechanisms清潔再次水化焦痂、有助于自溶機制Granulationprotects肉芽形成保護Epithelialisationpreventsdessication上皮形成防止干燥,WounddressingsHydrogelsheets傷口敷料水凝膠片,Mainindication主要適應癥Useonpaper/cortisone/olderskin聯合可的松涂在紙面上用于老年人的皮膚Superficial,cleanabrasion淺表的清潔擦傷Burnsuptosecond-degree直至2度的燒傷Woundsproducinglittleexudate傷口幾乎沒有滲出物Skindonorsites皮膚供體位置,WounddressingsHydrogelsheets傷口敷料水凝膠片,Contraindication禁忌癥Escharduetoarterialulceration因動脈性可以所導致的焦痂Strongexudatiionorbleeding大量滲出液或出血Deepwounds,mycosis傷口較深或真菌病Sheetsshouldnotbeusedoninfectedwounds水凝膠片不用于感染性傷口Exercisecaution注意Sensitivitytocomponentspossible可能對成分過敏,WounddressingsHydrogelsheets傷口敷料水凝膠片,Handing操作Dressingshouldbeapproximatelyaninchbiggerthanwound敷料應當大于傷口約1英寸Dressingscanbecuttoidealsize可以將敷料剪至適當大小Canstayupto7daysonwound(whendressingturnsuncleardressingchangerequired)可以在傷口保留7天以上（當敷料變得不透明時，則需要更換敷料）,WounddressingsHydrogelsheets傷口敷料水凝膠片,Fixation固定Productswithadhesivebordersdontrequireadditionalfixation帶有粘性邊緣的產品不需要額外固定Otherwisefixationwithgauzebandageornonwovenadhesives否則采用紗布或非編織型膠帶固定,Wounddressingssilvercontainingwounddressings傷口敷料含銀傷口敷料,Description說明Wounddressingcoatedwithsilver（e.g.woundcontactllayer,foam.alginate,hydrofiber）傷口敷料涂銀（例如,傷口接觸層、泡沫敷料、藻酸鹽敷料、水性纖維敷料）Useofbactericidalimpactofsilver利用銀離子殺菌Releaseofsilverionswhenincontactwithwoundexudate與傷口滲出液接觸時可以釋放銀離子Silveriseffectiveagainstawiderangeofbacteria銀可以有效對抗多種細菌,Wounddressingssilvercontainingwounddressings傷口敷料含銀傷口敷料,Keyobjectivesforapplication使用的主要目的Killingofbacteria殺滅細菌Wideeffectivenessagainstmicroorganisms(Saphylococcusaureus,Pseudomonas,MRSA,etc.)廣譜對抗微生物（金黃色葡萄球菌、假單胞菌、MRSA等）,Wounddressingssilvercontainingwounddressings傷口敷料含銀傷口敷料,Predominateuseinthefollowingphaseofwoundhealing主要應用于傷口愈合的以下階段Cleaningoninfectedwounds清潔用于感染性傷口,Wounddressingssilvercontainingwounddressings傷口敷料含銀傷口敷料,Mainindication主要適應癥Secondaryhealingwoundslikepressureorlegulcer中等愈合傷口如壓迫性潰瘍或腿部潰瘍Tumorwounds,abscess,etc.腫瘤傷口、膿腫等Cleaningwoundswhichareinfected,indangerofinfectionorbadlysmelling對感染傷口或有感染危險或嚴重異味性傷口進行傷口清潔,Wounddressingssilvercontainingwounddressings傷口敷料含銀傷口敷料,Contraindication禁忌癥Barefibers,bonesormuscles纖維、谷歌、或肌肉裸露Exercisecaution注意Sensitivityagainstcomponents對成分過敏Silvershouldonlybeusedaslongasindicated只要有過敏表現不能直接使用Releaseofsilverionsnotsufficientondrywounds在干性傷口上銀離子不能充分釋放,Handing(Dependingontypeofdressing)操作（根據敷料類型）Dressingshouldbeaboutaninchbiggerthanwound敷料應當高于傷口約1英寸Padsshouldbeeasilyplacedinwound,directedcontactwithwoundbed墊料應當容易放入傷口，直接與創面接觸IncaseofdryandsuperficialwoundsdressingshouldbementionedwithRingersolutionorSalineofcombinedwithhydogel在干燥且表淺的傷口情況下，應當采用林格氏液或生