動詞的語態1 分類：主動語態和被動語態2 被動語態：表示主語是動作的承受者，什么事情被主語做。被動語態的構成和形式被動語態由助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞構成，一定要記住是及物動詞。助動詞必須與主語的人稱和數一致，注意要與我們前一講學過的八個時態配合使用。3 適合被動語態的情況： 1） 不知道動作由誰發出，或由于某種原因沒有必要說明誰發出動作。如： This table is made of wood. 2） 需要突出或強調動作的承受者時，如： This park was built for children. 注意：主動句中的主語如果是people，they，somebody等含糊的表示人或人們，沒有確指執行者是誰，為被動句時，通常省略by+執行者。如：The door was opened secretly. But nobody came in.4 注意：1） 在主動句里,不定式在make，see，hear等動詞后面作賓語補足語時都不帶to，但變成被動句時，后面的不定式都需帶to。如：He was made to do that work.2） 主動語態不能變被動語態的情況：學了被動語態，別以為主動句和被動句可以隨意轉換，千萬要注意呀！有些主動語態不能轉換成被動語態。當賓語是反身代詞時, 如：You should take care of yourself.當謂語是表狀態的而不是表具體動作的及物動詞時，如：Does the skirt suit you?練習： 1. The stars _ in the daytime. A. cant see B. cant be seen C. cant been see D. see 2. A present _ to me by Mother next week. A. will give B. is given C. will be give D. will be given 3. The Communist Party of China _ in Shanghai in 1921. A. was found B. found C. was founded D. founded 4. Great changes _ in my hometown since liberation. A. have been taken place B. took place C. have taken place D. were taken place 5. I was astonished (吃驚) to hear that the colour TV set _ 5,000 yuan. A. has cost B. cost C. costed D. was cost 6. He was seen _ something from the shop. A. steel B. to steal C. to be stolen D. stealed 7. She has _ by her classmates. A. laughed B. laughed at C. been laughed D. been laughed at 8. The computer _ in the room. A. can use B. can be use C. can be used D. can used 9. That clock _ Big Ben. A. call B. calling C. is called D. calls 10. The film _ again sometimes next week. A. shows B. will shows C. will be showed D. shows 實踐： 1. I have never seen _ UFO in _ sky. A. a , the B. an , the C. a, a D. the, a 2. -How is your brothers housework done? -_ A. Good B. All right C. Quite well D. Very bad 3. They come from England . They are _. A. Englishman B. English C.Englishmans D.an English 4. Would you please give me _ colour pencils? A. any B. some C. a little D. much 5. My father is sleeping now, could you _ the radio a bit? A. turn up B. turn on C. turn down D. turn off 6. It will be Childrens Day soon and were now _ busy _a bee. A. as.as B. as . like C. like.as D. so . like 7. -Well ,_? -I have a headache, doctor. A. how do you do B. whats the matter with you C. how are you feeling like D. what kind of illness do you have 8. The teacher told the boy _ it again. A. dont do B. does not do C. to not do D. not to do 9. I left here, _. A. Mary does B. so does Mary C. Mary did so D. so did Mary 10. -Who teaches _ English? -Mr Lin. A. you B. your C. she D. Toms 11. Have you finished _ the book? A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads 12. The farmers taught us _. A. to how pick apples. B. how pick apples. C. how picking apples D. how to pick apples 13. -_ I watch Pro. Brown from morning till night? -No, you neednt. A. Must B. Can C. May D. Need. 14. Do you know _? A. how long has he lived here B. how long he has lived here C. he has lived here how long D. he has lived how long here 15. We will go to the Great wall if it _ tomorrow. A. doesnt rain B. wont rain C. isnt raining D. didnt rainI.把下列主動語態改為被動語態:1. We often use a recorder in our English class.2. They will show a new film next week.3. When did they build the house?4. I saw the boy enter the room.5. Will they show a new film next week?6. Have they posted the letter yet?7. We often see him help his classmate.8. You must turn off the light before you go to be.d9. Who is repairing the bike?10. The student should learn all the texts by heart. II.選擇填空:1. The reading room _ yesterday afternoon. A. cleaned B. is cleaned C. was cleaning D. was cleaned2. The workers were made _ ten hours a day. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked3. Food _ in a cool place in summer. A. must keep B. mustnt keep C. must be kept D. mustnt be kept4. His father _ to work in Hong Kong 3 years ago. A. sent B. was sent C. has sent D. has been sent5. The pen _ well. A. writes B. is written C. was written D. writing6. Great changes _ in the town since 1988. A. have taken place B. have been taken place C. has taken place D. has been taken place7. Our compositions must _ next Monday. A. be hand in B. be handed in C. handed in D. be handing in8. The child will _ back to his parents next month. A. sent B. send C. be sent D. be sending9. _ his work _ yet? A. havebeen finished B. has been finished C. has finished D. havefinished10. The classroom _ now A. is cleaning B. is being cleaning C. is being cleaned D. is cleaned11To my disappointment,the computer I had_was out of order again. Arepaired Brepaired it Chad repaired it Dhad repaired 12He_when the bus came to a sudden（突然）stop. Awas almost hurt Bwas to hurt himself Cwas hurt himself Dwas hurting himself 13The Bunsen Burner is so named because it is thought_by Robert Bunsen. Ato be invented Bhaving been invented Cinvented Dto have been invented 14All the preparations（準備）for the project_,and were ready to start. Acompleted（完成） Bhad been completed Ccomplete Dhave been completed 15I_to a party,but Ive got nothing to wear. Why dont you have a dress made for the party? Awas asked Bwill ask Chave asked Dhave been asked 16Your room requires_._she clean it for you? Acleaning;Will Bto clean;Should Cto be cleaned;Shall Dbeing cleaned;Will 18This kind of cloth_well and_long. Ais washed;lasts Bwashes;lasts Cwashes;is lasted Dis washed;lasted III.用適當時態和語態的動詞填空:1. Can he _ (speak) English?2. What language _ (speak) in that country?3. The film _ (show) many times since las