Unit 6 Ancient stories Grammar 學案姓名：_ 班級：_學習目標：掌握“現在完成時”的構成及使用學習重點：現在完成時的基本概念及構成學習難點：現在完成的用法觀察一：請仔細觀察下列兩個句子。1. I have not laughed like this since my childhood. 2. The Greeks have tried to capture our city for ten years.思考一：1. 現在完成時表達的含義：1）表示 或 的動作 造成的影響或結果E.g. I have just washed my car.（車很干凈了）2） 表示過去已經開始并 到現在并將會持續的動作或狀態.E.g. He has learned English since 2001.（我還在繼續學習英語）2. 現在完成時的構成：_觀察二：請仔細觀察以下句子They have left a huge wooden horse.思考二：現在完成時的肯定句，否定句，疑問句分別是怎樣構成的？ 總結： 過去完成時態的構成：肯定式：_否定式：_疑問式：_肯定回答_ 否定回答_練習一、按要求改變句子。1.She has done her homework. (改否定句) 2.She hasnt told us the news yet. (改肯定句) 3.The rain has already stopped. (改一般疑問句) 動詞的規則變化(1)一般動詞，在詞尾直接加“ ”。 work-worked-worked , visit-visited-visited (2)以“ e ”結尾的動詞，只在詞尾加“ ”。 live-lived-lived (3)以“輔音字母 + y ”結尾的動詞，將 y 變為 i ，再加“ ”。 study-studied-studied , cry-cried-cried (4)重讀閉音節結尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加“ ”。 stop-stopped-stopped , drop-dropped-dropped 注意：規則動詞的過去分詞的變化與過去式是一樣的!練習二、寫出下列動詞的過去式和過去分詞Work _ _Live _ _Stay _ _Stop _ _Clean _ _Study _ _不規則動詞動詞不規則變化需要大家去熟記，可參考書本141-142頁的表格加以熟記！三、現在完成時的用法: 1)現在完成時表示過去發生的動作,并對現在有影響。Someone has broken the window. (窗戶現在是壞的)I have lost the key. (我現在沒有鑰匙)I havent read that book . (不了解書的內容)I have cleaned my hands. (手是干凈的)常與already(已經), yet(已經), just(剛剛),ever(曾經)等詞連用. 常用語肯定句常用于肯定句句中, 常用于否定句,疑問句句尾。What has just happened to him ?. What has just happened to her ? 練習三、翻譯以下句子1、你已經找到你的書了嗎? (find-found your book) 2、他們已經在這個城市建了許多房子. (build-built many buildings) 3、Judy還剛到達. (arrive-arrived) 2)現在完成時表示從過去一直持續到現在的動作或狀態。She has learned English 5 years. He has lived in Beijing he was born .Have you stayed here 3 oclock?常與for, since引導的時間短語或從句連用.for+ 時間段since+ , since+ since: (自以來)1)since+時間點Hehasstayedheresince （五點鐘）.2)since+ 時間段+ agoHehasstayedheresince （五個小時前） .3)since+ 從句(從句用一般過去時)ShehastaughtEnglishsince （自從他來這里）. for: (長達） for+ 時間段He has kept the book （長達兩周時間）.練習四、用for 或since填空1、Mr. Brown has had his TV _ 15 years. 2、Ive taken driving lessons _ last month. 3、My sister has had her cell phone _ a month . 4、My friends havent visited me _ my birthday. 5、We havent used our car _ a long time . 6、She hasnt had a good cup of coffee _ years. 7、Tom has worn glasses _ he was 7 years old. 總結1、Translate them into English. 1.我自從2012年以來就在建文中學讀書。2.他自從兩年前就住在這里。3.我