Unit 10The Largest Recipient of Foreign Capital引資第一大國At the China Conference政治協商會上: The Year of Capital, held in Beijing on December 4, Shi Guangsheng石廣生, Minister of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation, said that in 2002, for the first time, China became the largest recipient接受者 of foreign direct investment (FDI)外商直接投資 in the world. He predicted that this years FDI in China would exceed $ 50 billion. 在12月4日于北京舉行的“中國會議：資本年”上，外經貿部部長說，2002年中國第一次成為世界上吸收外國直接投資的“第一引資大國”。據他預計，中國今年利用外國直接投資將超過500億美元。Shi noted that this achievement has been accomplished through positive, rational理性的 and effective measures for utilizing foreign capital利用外資, under an overall situation of opening. 石廣生表示：這一成就的取得是與全面開放的情況下，積極、理性及有效地利用國外投資分不開的。China has maintained a strong momentum in utilizing foreign capital中國在利用外資過程中保持一種強勁的動力, while the FDI was declining globally然而，直接利用外資在全球正呈下降趨勢. Latest statistics from the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation (MOFTEC)對外貿易經濟合作部的最新統計顯示 show that by October 2002, the number of newly approved foreign-funded enterprises外資企業had reached 27,630, an increase of 35 percent over the same period of last year; contractual foreign capital hit契約性外資達 $ 75 billion, a rise of 36 percent: and actual use of foreign capital came to實際使用外資達 $ 44. 7 billion, up 20 percent. 中國在全球外資直接投資不斷下降的情況下，中國依然保持著利用外資的強勁勢頭。外經貿的最新統計數據顯示：到2002年10月，新批準設立的外商投資企業達27630家，比去年同期增長35%；合同外商投資金額達750億美元，增長36%；實際外商投資447億美元，增長了20%。According to the latest UN world investment report, China has 排名第一among developing countries and regions for nine consecutive years連續九年 in terms of attracting foreign capital吸引外資, Shi said. He added that 400 of the worlds top 500 corporations世界500強企業 have set up enterprises in China. Moreover, the number of research and development institutions established by foreign businesses reached 400 in 2002, the number of foreign-funded enterprises totaled 420, 000, with contractual契約性foreign capital reaching $ 820.2 billion and actual use of foreign capital, $ 439.9 billion. “根據最新的聯合國世界投資報告，中國已連續九年成為發展中國家及地區吸引外資的第一名?！笔瘡V生說。他補充說，在世界500強企業中，已有400家在中國開設公司。而且，外國企業所建立的研究及發展機構也已經達到400家。2002年，外商投資企業共有420000，合同外商投資金額達8202億美元，實際外商投資4399億美元。At the same time, the industries and regional distributions分布 of foreign investment have been optimized使最優化. Foreign investors have their focus the manufacturing sector basic industries, infrastructure facilities and hi-tech industries, as well as to central and western regions, Shi said. He noted that as the readjustment of international industrial structures accelerated隨著國際產業結構調整步伐地加快, foreign businesses have increased their investment in China, highlighting broadened scope擴大范圍 and higher quality and level提高其質量與水平. China has become a priority for foreign investment. 同時，外商投資的工業及地區分布也已最優化?！巴鈬顿Y者已將他們的中心從制造業轉移到基礎工業，基礎設施設備輔助高科技產業，同時也從中心地區向西部地區轉移。”石廣生說。他還提到，隨著國際工業結構重新調整的加速，外國企業也增加了在中國的投資，輻射的區域更廣闊，質量及檔次有所提高。中國已經成為外商投資的優先選擇。Promising Prospects前景光明A recent survey conducted by A.T. Kearney Inc., a global management consultant firm一家全球性管理咨詢公司, indicates that China has surpassed the United States to become the most attractive destination for FDI. A.T.科爾尼公司，一個全球管理咨詢公司的最新調查顯示: 中國已經超過美國，成為最吸引外商直接投資的國家。The survey shows that this year almost all countries experience a slide滑進 in FDI, except for China. The Chinese market has attracted more and more investors toward the countrys economic prospects.Paul Laudicina, President of the Global Business Policy Council全球貿易政策委員會的總裁 of A. T. Kearney, said that Chinas increasing attractiveness can be attributed to 歸因于several key factors: A huge market with a population of 1.3 billion, long-term and rapid economic growth, stable political situation and favorable investment environment穩定地政治局面、良好的投資環境, as well as its WTO accession and Beijings successful bid投標，出價to host the 2008 Olympic Games. A.T.科爾尼公司全球商業政策委員會主席保羅勞迪西那稱，中國持續增長的吸引力可以歸于以下幾個主要原因：13億人口的巨大市場，長期快速的經濟發展，穩定的政治環境，有利的投資環境，以及加入WTO和北京成功申辦2008年奧運會。He noted that China has become a primary choice of manufacturing enterprises throughout the world他指出中國已經成為全世界制造業首選的國家. At present, large conglomerates聚集 熱心 setting up factories or joint ventures合資企業 in China, citing Chinas advantage in raw materials and skilled laborers利用中國在原材料和熟練勞動力的優勢. In addition, great potential in the financial, service and basic industries and telecommunications, as well as wholesale and retail sale sectors批發零售部門, also lures吸引，引誘foreign capital. 他指出，中國已經成為制造業企業在全世界范圍內的第一位選擇。目前，由于中國的自然資源豐富，有熟練的勞動力，因此聯合大企業都熱衷于在中國開設企業或是合資公司。而且，金融業、服務業、基礎工業電訊業、商品批發零售業的巨大潛力都極大地吸引著外國資本地注入。Laudicina added that about 4 million people with an annual income of more than $10,000 would be added to the world by 2005, half of which would be Chinese. Strong purchasing power is also a reason for increasing FDI in China.The survey shows that China is not only a FDI recipient, but also an investor. Last year, Chinas top 12 state-owned enterprises invested a total of $ 30 billion in foreign countries, equivalent to相當于that of all of Latin America. In addition, many small and medium-sized enterprises have also focused their attention on overseas markets and invested in more than 40 countries. 調查顯示，中國不僅只是一個引資國，同時也是投資國。去年，中國最大的12家國有企業在外國投資總額達300億美元，相當于整個拉丁美洲的投資。而且還有很多小的及中等企業將目光放到海外市場，在40多個國家進行投資。Better Environment for InvestmentMinister Shi Guangsheng stated that China would continue to encourage introducing, exploring and creating new technologies鼓勵引進、開發并創新技術, and promote foreign investors to establish capital-intensive投資密集的 and technologically advanced projects. Efforts shall be made to strengthen policy guidance 以?方式 the limitations on the proportion of foreign capital in joint ventures and industrial equities資產凈值, said Shi他說：“我們會致力于加強在合資企業及工業資產凈值中外資受限的政策指導?！? He pointed out that China will further revise rules and regulations concerning foreign-funded shareholding股權 companies, perfect stipulations約定、契約 on the Build-Operate Transfer model and franchise operation and prompt foreign-funded enterprises listing at home and abroad. 石廣生部長表示，中國將繼續鼓勵引進、開發、創造新的科學技術，促進國外投資者建立資本密集型及高科技的項目。他說：“我們會致力于加強在合資企業及工業資產凈值中外資受限的政策指導。”他指出，中國將修改涉及外資股權的法律法規，完善關于建構-操作的轉變模式及特權操作的約定，鼓勵國內外的外資企業投資。In terms of the service sector, a new growth point for foreign investment, Shi said, China will encourage the introduction of state-of-the-art藝術級的concepts, advanced managerial and operational expertise專家意見，技能and technologies and modern marketing methods to upgrade the structure and business level of its service sector. 在外資投資新近增長的服務業方面，石廣生指出：“中國鼓勵引起藝術概念，先進的管理及操作專家意見及技術，現代化市場方式，以提高服務業的結構及水平?！盇 sound legal and policy environment is the key in absorbing foreign investment. It is imperative必要的 to further improve the legal system and enforce stable, consistent, predicable and workable investment policies and laws,進一步改進法律體系，執行穩定、持續及可行性的投資政策及法規迫在眉睫Shi added. 健全的法律及政策環境對于吸引外資來說非常重要。石廣生補充說：“進一步改進法律體系，執行穩定、持續及可行性的投資政策及法規迫在眉睫?！?China has formulated and revised a number of laws and regulations on finance, insurance, telecommunications, commerce, securities and funds, as well as intermediary organizations. Minister Shi said that since its WTO accession, China has overhauled more than 2,300 laws and regulations, cancelled 830 of them and revised 325, largely accomplishing the establishment of a legal system for foreign investment. 中國在金融、保險、通訊、商業、證券基金及仲裁等行業都對法律法規進行了闡釋和修改。石部長說，自從加入WTO，中國就已經檢查了2300多條法律法規，取消830項，并修改了325項，大大地為外商投資建立了一個法律體系China will also continue to improve its fair and open market environment, said Shi. Since its WTO entry, China has strictly fulfilled its commitments to further open up its market and create favorable conditions for foreign investors entry. Since January 1, 2002, the Chinese Government has reduced import duties on more than 5 000 items, and its general tariff level has been cut from 15.3 percent to 12 percent. “中國將繼續改善公平開放的市場環境?！笔瘡V生說。從加入WTO，中國就嚴格地履行其承諾，進一步開放市場，創造有利的外商投資環境。從2002年1月起，中國政府就降低了5000多項稅目的進口關稅，平均關稅率已由15.3%降到12%。China will open more areas and make more efforts to regulate market access for foreign investors to further their investment in China, Shi assured. “中國將開放更多的領域，并為外商進一步在華投資規范市場?！笔瘡V生保證。More Foreign CapitalThe sluggish world economy has not hampered foreign businesses investment in China. , the strong momentum is continuing. 緩慢發展的世界經濟并沒有牽制外國企業的在華投資，相反，這一強勁的增長勢頭還在持續。Steve Forbes, President of the Forbes magazine, said the call by the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China for more profound reforms in the financial and banking systems and better development of private enterprises would have a positive both the Chinese and global economies. 福布斯雜志的總裁史蒂夫福布斯認為中國共產黨第十六次全國代表大會提出在金融業及銀行系統需要更深遠的改革及私營企業需要更好的發展，這些都會影響。Forbes noted that he the development prospects of Chinese enterprises. Given the fact that many of Chinas large enterprises have grown from small companies and that millions of Chinese people are planning to start businesses, Forbes believes that small enterprises will constitute組成 a major driving force behind the countrys sustained growth. Capital is an important propeller of these enterprises, especially in emerging industries. 福布斯指出，他中國企業的發展前景非常樂觀。由于中國的大企業都是由小公司發展而來，而且數百萬的中國人也計劃從商，因此福布斯相信，小企業將仍然是中國經濟持續增長背后的一股主要強勁動力。資本對于這些企業而言是重要的推動力，特別是新興企業。Mike Dona, Chairman of the America Asia Capital Association, said that the Chinese investment market has the greatest potential in the world, and American investors are increasingly interested in investing in China. 美國-亞洲資本聯合會的主席麥克唐納說，中國的投資市場在世界上具有最大的潛力，美國的投資者越來越傾向于到中國投資。He noted that Chinas economy is growing with astonishing speed and the private sector has shown huge development. American investors have also seen the development opportunities in Chinas various industries, he added. 他還表示，中國的經濟在以驚人的速度增長著，私營企業發展迅速。美國的投資者也已經看到了在中國各種行業中的發展機會，他補充說到。 Joseph Melone, Chairman of the Global Financial Group, said that the cheap labor force is an importan