2014.06翻譯真題【翻譯一】為了促進教育公平，中國已經(jīng)投入360億元，用于改善農(nóng)村地區(qū)教育設(shè)施和加強中西部地區(qū)農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育。這些資金用于改善教學(xué)設(shè)施、購買書籍，使 16萬多所中小學(xué)收益。資金還用于購置音樂和繪畫器材?，F(xiàn)在農(nóng)村和山區(qū)的兒童可以與沿海城市的兒童一樣上音樂和繪畫課。一些為接受更好教育而轉(zhuǎn)往城市上學(xué)的學(xué)生如今又回到了本地農(nóng)村學(xué)校就讀。In order to promote the equality of education, China has invested 36 billion yuan for the improvement of the educational facilities in rural areas and the enhancement of the rural compulsory education in the midwest. The fund is used to modify teaching facilities and to purchase books, benefiting more than 160 thousand primary schools and middle schools. Meanwhile, the fund is used to supplement musical instruments and painting supplies. Nowadays, like the children in coastal cities, those living in rural and mountain areas also have music and painting lessons. As a result, some students, once transferring to other cities for better education, come back to local schools now.【翻譯二】中國應(yīng)該進一步發(fā)展核能，因為核電目前只占其總發(fā)電數(shù)的2%。該比例在所有核電國家中居第30位，幾乎是最低的。2011年3月日本人核電站事故后，中國的核能開發(fā)停了下來，中止審批新的核電站，并開展全國性的核電安全檢查。到2012年10月，審批才又謹(jǐn)慎的恢復(fù)。 隨著技術(shù)和安全措施的改進，發(fā)生核事故的可能性完全可以降到最低程度。換句話說，核能是可以安全開發(fā)和利用的。China should further develop nuclear energy because currently，nuclear power accounts for only 2% of its total generating capacity . Such proportion ranks the thirtieth in all the countries possessing nuclear power, which is almost the last.After Japans nuclear power accident in March 2011, nuclear power development in China was suspended, so was the approval of new nuclear power plants. Also, the national safety check for the nuclear power was carried out. IT was not until October 2012 that the approval was prudently resumed. With the improvement of technology and safety measures, there is little possibility for nuclear accidents to happen. In other words, there wont be any trouble to develop and exploit the nuclear power.【翻譯三】中國的教育工作者早就認(rèn)識到讀書對于國家的意義。有些教育工作者2003年就建議設(shè)立全民讀書日。他們強調(diào)，人們應(yīng)當(dāng)讀好書，尤其是經(jīng)典著作。通過閱讀，人們能更好的學(xué)會感恩、有責(zé)任心和與人合作，而教育的目的正是要培養(yǎng)這些基本素質(zhì)。閱讀對于中小學(xué)生尤為重要，假如他們沒有在這個關(guān)鍵時期培養(yǎng)閱讀的興趣，以后要培養(yǎng)成閱讀的習(xí)慣就很難了。Chinese education workers realized the significance of reading for a nation long time ago. In 2003, some workers suggested that we have a national reading day. They emphasized that people ought to read good books especially the classic ones. Through reading, people can learn better how to be grateful, responsible and cooperative, and the goal of education is to cultivate these basic personalities. Reading is especially important for middle and primary school students; therefore, if they dont nurture the interest of reading at that key period, it will be harder for them to develop a habit to read in the future.翻譯練習(xí)題【練習(xí)一】獅舞(Lion Dance)是中國最廣為流傳的民間舞蹈之一。獅為百獸之首，在中國傳統(tǒng)中，獅子被視為是能帶來好運的吉祥物(mascot)。古人將獅子視作是勇敢和力 量的化身，能驅(qū)趕邪惡、保護人類。據(jù)記載，獅舞已擁有了2,000多年的歷史。在唐代(the Tang Dynasty)，獅舞就已經(jīng)被引入了皇室。 因此，舞獅成為元宵節(jié)(the Lantern Festival)和其他節(jié)日的習(xí)俗，人們以此來祈禱好運、平安和幸福。The Lion Dance is one of the most widespread folk dances in China .The lion is the king of animals. In Chinese tradition, the lion is regarded as a mascot, which can bring good luck. Ancient people regarded the lion as a symbol of braveness and strength, which could drive away evil and protect humans. The dance has a recorded history of more than 2,000 years. During the Tang Dynasty, the Lion Dance was already introduced into the royal family of the dynasty. Therefore, performing the lion dance at the Lantern Festival and other festive occasions became a custom where people could pray for good luck, safety and happiness.【練習(xí)二】北京有無數(shù)的胡同(hutong)。平民百姓在胡同里的生活給古都北京帶來了無窮的魅力。北京的胡同不僅僅是平民百姓的生活環(huán)境，而且還是一門建筑藝術(shù)。通常，胡同內(nèi)有一個大雜院，房間4到10個家庭的差不多20口人住。所以，胡同里的生活充滿了友善和人情味。如今，隨著社會和經(jīng)濟的飛速發(fā)展，很多胡同被新的高樓大廈所取代。但愿胡同可以保留下來。InBeijing,therearenumeroushutongs.Thelifeofcommonpeople in hutongs bringsendlesscharmtotheancientcapital,Beijing.The hutong in Beijing isnotonlythelivingenvironmentofcommonpeople, but also a kind ofarchitecture.Usually,thereisacourtyardcomplex inside hutong, withroomssharedby4to10familiesofabout20people.Therefore, life in hutongs isfulloffriendlinessandgenuinehumanity. Nowadays, with rapid socialandeconomicdevelopment,manyhutongsare replaced by new tall buildings.It is hoped that hutongs can be preserved.【練習(xí)三】越來越多受英文教育的海外華人父母，已經(jīng)認(rèn)識到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同時，也通曉中文的重要性。中國的崛起，讓他們充分認(rèn)識到孩子掌握雙語的好處既能增加他們的就業(yè)機會，也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西方兩種不同的文化。曾幾何時，他們還非常驕傲地宣稱自己只懂英文。現(xiàn)在，他們已開始積極支持孩子學(xué)習(xí)中文和中國文化，而且還不時走訪中國，欣賞壯觀的自然風(fēng)光，認(rèn)識豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)。An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kid shave a good command of Chinese. Chinas rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West. At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only. Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage.【練習(xí)四】如今，越來越多的大學(xué)生抱怨很難找到好工作。造成這一現(xiàn)象的原因如下：首先，大學(xué)生把在校的大多數(shù)時間都用在了專業(yè)學(xué)科學(xué)習(xí)上，只有當(dāng)他們開始找工作的時候，才意識到自己缺乏必要的職業(yè)培訓(xùn)。其次，大學(xué)生之間的競爭也越來越激烈，這導(dǎo)致任何一名大學(xué)生找到工作的機會都變小了。因此，強烈建議大學(xué)生在課余時間做一些兼職工作，以積累相關(guān)的工作經(jīng)驗。Nowadays, more and more universities complain about having great difficulties in finding a good job. The reasons for this phenomenon are as follows: First, college students spend most of their time at school studying academic subjects and it is only when they start looking for a job that they realize they lack necessary job training. Second, competition among graduates had become more and more fierce. And this results in a decreased chance for any individual graduate to find a job. Therefore, it is highly suggested that college students should do some part-time jobs in their spare-time to accumulate relevant working experience. 【練習(xí)五】假日經(jīng)濟的現(xiàn)象表明：中國消費者的消費觀正在發(fā)生巨大變化。根據(jù)統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)，中國消費者的消費需求正在從基本生活必需品轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)π蓍e、舒適和個人發(fā)展的需求。同時，中國人的消費觀在蓬勃發(fā)展的假日經(jīng)濟中正變得成熟。因此產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)做相應(yīng)調(diào)整，來適應(yīng)社會的發(fā)展。另一方面，服務(wù)質(zhì)量要改善，以滿足人們提高生活質(zhì)量的要求。The phenomenon of holiday economy shows that Chinese peoples consumption concept is undertaking great changes. According to statistics, the demands of Chinese consumers are shifting from the basic necessities of life to leisure, comfort and personal development. Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordingly to adapt to social development. On the other hand, services should be improved to satisfy peoples demand for an improved quality of life.【練習(xí)六】過去幾年，中國的房地產(chǎn)(realestate)業(yè)經(jīng)歷了前所未有的高速增長。對于那些月薪較低卻渴望在大城市擁有一套屬于自己的體面、舒適的棲身之所的人來說，高昂的房價是他們無法承受的負(fù)擔(dān)。鑒于這一狀況，政府近來采取了一系列的措施來防止房價過快增長，包括提高利率及增加房產(chǎn)稅等。目前，這些措施在部分城市已經(jīng)取得了初步的成效。Inthepastseveralyears,Chinasrealestateindustryhasdeveloped in a record high speed. For those who earn less but are eager to own a decent and comfortable place of their own in a bit city, the high housing price is a heavy burden that then can not afford. For this reason, the government has taken a series of measures to prevent the housing price from rising too fast, including raising interest and increasing taxes on real estate, etc. Presently, these measures have achieved initial effects in some cities. 常用詞匯：1.歷史文化類元旦New Years Day情人節(jié)Valentines Day國際婦女節(jié)International Women Day植樹節(jié)Tree Planting Day愚人節(jié)April Fools Day國際勞動日International Labor Day中國青年節(jié) Chinese Youth Day國際兒童節(jié)International Childrens Day中國共產(chǎn)黨成立紀(jì)念日 Anniversary of the Founding of the Communist Party of China中國人民解放軍建軍節(jié)Army Day中華人民共和國國慶節(jié)National Day中國教師節(jié)Teachers Day萬圣節(jié)Halloween母親節(jié)Mothers Day農(nóng)歷正月初一春節(jié)(the Spring Festival)農(nóng)歷正月十五元宵節(jié)(Lantern Festival)農(nóng)歷五月初五端午節(jié)(the Dragon-Boat Festival)農(nóng)歷七月初七乞巧節(jié)(中國情人節(jié)）(Double-Seventh Day)農(nóng)歷八月十五中秋節(jié)(the Mid-Autumn Festival)農(nóng)歷九月初九重陽節(jié)(the Double Ninth Festival)農(nóng)歷臘月初八臘八節(jié)(the laba Rice Porridge Festival)春聯(lián) Spring Festival couplets年畫 New Year pictures剪紙paper-cuts除夕 the eve of the lunar New Year守歲 stay up late on the New Years Eve放爆竹 let off firecrackers拜年 pay a New Year visit團圓飯 family reunion dinner敬酒 propose a toast紅包 red packets (cash wrapped up in red paper)舞獅 lion dance舞龍 dragon dance燈籠 lantern燈謎 riddles written on lanterns燈會 exhibit of lanterns禁忌 taboo壓歲錢 gift money; money given to children as a lunar new year gift祭祖宗 offer sacrifices to ones ancestors元宵 rice dumpling踩高蹺 stilt walking扭秧歌yangge dance掃墓 sweep graves of ones ancestors or loved ones賽龍舟 dragon-boat racing粽子zongzi (sticky rice dumpling wrapped in reed or bamboo leaves)月餅 moon cake賞月 appreciate the glorious full moon賞菊 admire the beauty of chrysanthemum登高 climb mountain孔子 Confucius孟子 Mencius老子 Lao Zi儒學(xué) Confucian School論語 Analects of Confucius發(fā)明紙和瓷器 invented paper and porcelain發(fā)明火藥 invention of gunpowder發(fā)明印刷術(shù) block printing was invented科舉制 Imperial Examination for recruiting civil servants絲綢之路 Silk Route黃河 Yellow River長江 Yangtze River珠江 Pearl River太湖 Lake Tai鄱陽湖 Lake Poyang洞庭湖 Lake Dongting青藏高原 Tibet Plateau東北平原 Northeast China Plain華北平原 North China Plain長江中下游平原 Plain of Middle and Lower Reaches of Changjiang River南沙群島Nansha Island京劇 Peking opera昆曲Kunquoper中國畫 traditional Chinese painting人物 portrait山水 landscape花鳥 flower and bird草蟲 grass and insect潑墨 paint-splashing style寫意 impressionistic style工筆 elaborate style毛筆 writing brush書法 calligraphic art書法家 calligraphic artist楷體 formal script/regular script行書 running script宋體 Song-dynasty script工藝品 handwork/handicrafts手工藝品 articles of handcraft art文物 cultural relics/antiques國寶 national treasure人民大會堂 Great Hall of the People故宮博物館 Imperial Palace Museum長城 Great Wall外灘 the Bund華山Huashan Mountain黃山 Yellow Mountain滇池Dianchi Lake洱海Erhai lake孔廟 Temple of Confucius故居 Former Residence廬山Lushan Mountain少林寺 Shaolin Temple長江三峽 Three Gorges along the Changjiang黃果樹瀑布Huangguoshu Waterfalls敦煌莫高窟DunhuangMogao Grottoes大興安嶺 Greater Xingan Mountains小興安嶺 Lesser Xingan Mountains天池 Heavens Pool布達(dá)拉宮Potala Palace日月潭 Lake Sun Moon發(fā)源地 the birthplace煮 poach/boiled蒸 steamed火鍋 chafing dish煲；燉；燜 stewed煎 pan-fried炒 stir-fried炸 deep-fried烘 baked熏 smoked泡辣菜 pickled hot vegetables北京烤鴨 roast Beijing duck炒飯 stir-fried rice油條 deep fried twisted dough stick餃子jiaozi湯圓tangyuan餛飩hundun燒麥shaomai月餅 moon cake燒餅 sesame seed cake小籠包 steamed dumpling with pork紅茶 black tea綠茶 green tea花茶 jasmine tea茶道sado/ tea ceremony功夫茶Gongfu tea陳酒 old wine/aged wine燒酒 arrack2. 經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展類小康社會 a well-to-do society人民生活 peoples livelihood生活水平 living standards生活質(zhì)量 quality of life住房條件 housing conditions文化程度 educational level就業(yè)率 employment rate人均收入 average income per capita年平均工資 average annual pay獎金 bonus生活費用 cost of living消費價格指數(shù) consumer price index環(huán)境污染指數(shù) environment pollution index衣食住行 food, clothing, sheltering and means of traveling購買力 purchasing power貧困家庭 the needy family貧困地區(qū) poverty-stricken region下崗 be laid off小康 relative affluence安居樂業(yè) live a good life共同富裕 shared prosperity社會保險 social insurance助學(xué)金 grant-in-aid賑災(zāi)救濟金 disaster relief funds人口 population人口分布 population distribution流動人口 transient population城市人口 urban population農(nóng)業(yè)人口 agriculture population出生率 birth rate自然增長率 natural growth rate負(fù)增長率 negative growth rate普查 census戶口冊 household register計劃生育 family planning/planned parenthood優(yōu)生優(yōu)育 ensure good prenatal and postnatal care自治區(qū) autonomous region民族 ethnic groups少數(shù)民族 ethnic minorities/ minority peoples中國共產(chǎn)黨 Communist Party of China常用表達(dá)：1、經(jīng)濟economicglobalization（經(jīng)濟全球化）sustainabledevelopment（可持續(xù)發(fā)展）unfaircompetition（不正當(dāng)競爭）crackdownonfakecommodities（打假）booming（繁榮的）fiercecompetition（激烈競爭）creditcrisis（信用危機）stabilizeprices（穩(wěn)定物價）promotefundamentalshifts