OSPF配置實驗一：OPSF基本配置拓撲圖：實驗環境：4臺MSR36-20路由器，其中兩臺充當客戶機實驗步驟：1.設備接口配置：ClientA：system-viewSystem View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.H3Csysname Client1Client1int GigabitEthernet 0/0Client1-GigabitEthernet0/0ip add 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0Client1-GigabitEthernet0/0undo shutClient1-GigabitEthernet0/0quitClient1ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1ClientB：sysSystem View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.H3Csysname Client BClient Bint ge0/0Client B-GigabitEthernet0/0ip add 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0Client B-GigabitEthernet0/0undo shutClient B-GigabitEthernet0/0quitClient Bip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1Client BR1：system-viewSystem View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.H3Csysname R1R1int ge0/0R1-GigabitEthernet0/0ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0R1-GigabitEthernet0/0undo shutR1-GigabitEthernet0/0quitR1int ge0/1R1-GigabitEthernet0/1ip add 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0R1-GigabitEthernet0/1undo shutR1-GigabitEthernet0/1quitR1int lo 0R1-LoopBack0ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0R1-LoopBack0R2：system-viewSystem View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.H3Csysname R2R2int ge0/1R2-GigabitEthernet0/1ip add 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0R2-GigabitEthernet0/1undo shutR2-GigabitEthernet0/1quitR2int ge0/0R2-GigabitEthernet0/0ip add 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0R2-GigabitEthernet0/0undo shutR2-GigabitEthernet0/0quitR2int lo 0R2-LoopBack0ip add 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0R2-LoopBack0在ClientA上測試網絡連通性：Ping網關：ClientAping 192.168.1.1Ping 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1): 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break56 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=1.047 ms56 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=0.978 ms56 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=0.987 ms56 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=1.056 ms56 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=1.250 msPing12.1.1.1:ClientAping 12.1.1.1Ping 12.1.1.1 (12.1.1.1): 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break56 bytes from 12.1.1.1: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=0.578 ms56 bytes from 12.1.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=0.840 ms56 bytes from 12.1.1.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=0.892 ms56 bytes from 12.1.1.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=0.863 ms56 bytes from 12.1.1.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=1.116 msPing 12.1.1.2:ClientAping 12.1.1.2Ping 12.1.1.2 (12.1.1.2): 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to breakRequest time outRequest time outRequest time outRequest time out此時發現ClientA無法ping通對端路由器R2的接口IP，也就說ClientA無法訪問R2查看R1的路由表：R1display ip routing-tableDestinations : 20 Routes : 20Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface0.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop01.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 1.1.1.1 Loop01.1.1.0/32 Direct 0 0 1.1.1.1 Loop01.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop01.1.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 1.1.1.1 Loop012.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 12.1.1.1 GE0/112.1.1.0/32 Direct 0 0 12.1.1.1 GE0/112.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop012.1.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 12.1.1.1 GE0/1127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0127.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0192.168.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.1.1 GE0/0192.168.1.0/32 Direct 0 0 192.168.1.1 GE0/0192.168.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0192.168.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 192.168.1.1 GE0/0255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0此時，我們發現在R1上沒有去網R2的路由，R2也沒有去往R1的路由，所以無法ping通！2.OSPF配置：R1：R1router id 1.1.1.1 /設置路由的route IDR1ospf 1R1-ospf-1area 0.0.0.0 /設置ospf為區域0/發布所有直連的網絡R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0R2：R2router id 2.2.2.2R2ospf 1R2-ospf-1area 0.0.0.0R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0在R1上查看路由表：R1dis ip routing-tableDestinations : 22 Routes : 22Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface0.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop01.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 1.1.1.1 Loop01.1.1.0/32 Direct 0 0 1.1.1.1 Loop01.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop01.1.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 1.1.1.1 Loop02.2.2.2/32 O_INTRA 10 1 12.1.1.2 GE0/112.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 12.1.1.1 GE0/112.1.1.0/32 Direct 0 0 12.1.1.1 GE0/112.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop012.1.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 12.1.1.1 GE0/1127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0127.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0192.168.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.1.1 GE0/0192.168.1.0/32 Direct 0 0 192.168.1.1 GE0/0192.168.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0192.168.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 192.168.1.1 GE0/0192.168.2.0/24 O_INTRA 10 2 12.1.1.2 GE0/1224.0.0.0/4 Direct 0 0 0.0.0.0 NULL0224.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 0.0.0.0 NULL0255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0R1在R1上查看OSPF鄰居狀態：R1dis ospf peer OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1 Neighbor Brief Information Area: 0.0.0.0 Router ID Address Pri Dead-Time State Interface 2.2.2.2 12.1.1.2 1 37 Full/DR GE0/1此時，發現R2的接口12.1.12為該網段的DR路由器R2dis ospf peer OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2 Neighbor Brief Information Area: 0.0.0.0 Router ID Address Pri Dead-Time State Interface 1.1.1.1 12.1.1.1 1 40 Full/BDR GE0/1此時，發現R1的接口12.1.1.1為該網段的BDR路由器R2在路由器上查看OSPF路由表：R1dis ospf routing OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1 Routing Table Routing for network Destination Cost Type NextHop AdvRouter Area 12.1.1.0/24 1 Transit 0.0.0.0 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 2.2.2.2/32 1 Stub 12.1.1.2 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 1.1.1.1/32 0 Stub 0.0.0.0 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.0/24 1 Stub 0.0.0.0 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.0/24 2 Stub 12.1.1.2 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 Total nets: 5 Intra area: 5 Inter area: 0 ASE: 0 NSSA: 0R1R2dis ospf routing OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2 Routing Table Routing for network Destination Cost Type NextHop AdvRouter Area 12.1.1.0/24 1 Transit 0.0.0.0 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 2.2.2.2/32 0 Stub 0.0.0.0 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 1.1.1.1/32 1 Stub 12.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.0/24 2 Stub 12.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.0/24 1 Stub 0.0.0.0 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 Total nets: 5 Intra area: 5 Inter area: 0 ASE: 0 NSSA: 0R2測試網絡連通性：在ClientA上pingR2區域地址：實驗二:OSPF高級配置實驗拓撲：兩臺路由器均屬于同一area0實驗步驟：1.基本配置：R1：system-viewSystem View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.H3Cint ge0/0H3C-GigabitEthernet0/0ip add 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0H3C-GigabitEthernet0/0undo shutH3C-GigabitEthernet0/0quitH3Cint ge0/1H3C-GigabitEthernet0/1ip add 20.0.0.1 255.255.255.0H3C-GigabitEthernet0/1undo shutH3C-GigabitEthernet0/1quitH3Cint lo 0H3C-LoopBack0ip add 11.11.11.11 255.255.255.0H3C-LoopBack0R2：system-viewSystem View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.H3Cint ge0/0H3C-GigabitEthernet0/0ip add 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.0H3C-GigabitEthernet0/0undo shutH3C-GigabitEthernet0/0quitH3Cint ge0/1H3C-GigabitEthernet0/1ip add 20.0.0.2 255.255.255.0H3C-GigabitEthernet0/1undo shutH3C-GigabitEthernet0/1quitH3Cint lo 0H3C-LoopBack0ip add 22.22.22.22 255.255.255.0H3C-LoopBack02.配置OSPF：R1：R1router id 11.11.11.11R1ospf 1R1-ospf-1area 0.0.0.0R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network 20.0.0.0 0.0.0.255R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network 11.11.11.11 0.0.0.255R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0R2：R2router id 22.22.22.22R2ospf 1R2-ospf-1area 0.0.0.0R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0net 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0net 20.0.0.0 0.0.0.255R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0net 22.22.22.22 0.0.0.255R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.03.查看信息在R1和R2上查看ospf鄰居狀態由以上可以看出，由于R2有最高的Lo0（route ID最高）所以被選舉為DR，R1被選舉為BDR。在R1和R2上查看路由表：以上可以看出，在R1上通過20.0.0.2和10.0.0.2學到了對端路由且花費都為1；在R2上通過20.0.0.1和10.0.0.1學到了對端路由且花費都為1。3.修改路由器R1接口Ge0/0的接口開銷為150R1-GigabitEthernet0/0ospf cost 150R1-GigabitEthernet0/0再次查看R1上的OSPF路由表：由于在R1上的ge0/0接口開銷值遠遠大于ge0/1的開銷值1，故在R1上只能看到最低開銷值到對端的路由。4.修改路由器接口ge0/0的優先級為0（優先級為0的接口不參與DR、BDR選舉）目前，R2上的ge0/0和ge0/1都是DRR2int ge0/0R2-GigabitEthernet0/0ospf dr-priority 0再次在R1上查看OSPF鄰居表此時，我們發現R2上的ge0/0接口目前不是DR或者BDR，而是DRother了實驗三：OPSF多區域配置實驗步驟：1.基本網絡配置：配置ClientA、ClientB的IP地址（此處使用路由器充當客戶機）ClientA：H3Csysname ClientAClientAint ge0/0ClientA-GigabitEthernet0/0ip add 192.168.111.2 255.255.255.0ClientA-GigabitEthernet0/0undo shutClientA-GigabitEthernet0/0quitClientAip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.111.1ClientAClientB：H3Csysname Client2Client2int ge0/0Client2-GigabitEthernet0/0ip add 192.168.222.2 255.255.255.0Client2-GigabitEthernet0/0undo shutClient2-GigabitEthernet0/0quitClient2Client2ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.222.1Client2配置R1、R2、R3網絡接口地址：R1：R1int ge0/0R1-GigabitEthernet0/0ip add 192.168.111.1 255.255.255.0R1-GigabitEthernet0/0undo shutR1-GigabitEthernet0/0int ge0/1R1-GigabitEthernet0/1ip add 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0R1-GigabitEthernet0/1undo shutR1-GigabitEthernet0/1int lo 0R1-LoopBack0ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0R1-LoopBack0R2：R2int ge0/1R2-GigabitEthernet0/1ip add 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0R2-GigabitEthernet0/1undo shutR2-GigabitEthernet0/1int ge0/2R2-GigabitEthernet0/2ip add 23.1.1.1 255.255.255.0R2-GigabitEthernet0/2undo shutR2-GigabitEthernet0/2int lo0R2-LoopBack0ip add 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0R2-LoopBack0R3：R3int ge0/2R3-GigabitEthernet0/2ip add 23.1.1.2 255.255.255.0R3-GigabitEthernet0/2undo shutR3-GigabitEthernet0/2int ge0/0R3-GigabitEthernet0/0ip add 192.168.222.1 255.255.255.0R3-GigabitEthernet0/0undo shutR3-GigabitEthernet0/0int lo0R3-LoopBack0ip add 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0R3-LoopBack02.在R1、R2、R3中配置OSPF：R1：R1router id 1.1.1.1R1ospf 1R1-ospf-1area 0.0.0.0R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0net 192.168.111.0 0.0.0.255R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0net 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0net 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.255R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0R2：R2router id 2.2.2.2R2ospf 1R2-ospf-1area 0.0.0.0R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0net 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.255R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0net 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0quitR2-ospf-1area 1R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1net 23.1.1.0 0.0.0.255R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1R3：R3router id 3.3.3.3R3ospf 1R3-ospf-1area 1R3-ospf-1-a