unit1 grammar unit1greatscientists thepastparticiple 同學們 你們還記得在book4unit3atasteofenglishhumour中有這樣三個句子嗎 suchtrainingwascommoninactingfamilies 2 hegrewmoreandmorepopularashischarmingcharacter 3 theactingissoconvincingthat 通過觀察 我們不難發現第1 2句是動詞 ing形式作定語 且放在被修飾的名詞前面 第3句是動詞 ing形式作表語 放在be動詞的后面 今天我們要學習與動詞 ing形式相對應的過去分詞作定語和表語的用法 過去分詞作表語一般用來表示感受或狀態 系動詞 過去分詞 nowonderheisexcited predictive 可以用作表語的常見的過去分詞有 delighted disappointed upset astonished excited frightened experienced interested qualified puzzled exhausted satisfied 過去分詞作定語 1 分詞可以用作前置定語 此時 分詞和名詞之間有兩種語意關系 一種是分詞表示主動 但時間上已經過去 一種是分詞表被動 heisaretiredworker 他是一個退休工人 thisisanewly developeddevice 這是一個新開發的工具 2 過去分詞作后置定語時 其功能相當于一個定語從句 pastparticipleastheattributive lookatthefollowingsentenceswherethepastparticipleisused findtwomoreexamplesinthereadingpassageofeachusage example 1 somanythousandsofterrifiedpeopledied 1 過去分詞短語有時亦可用作非限制性定語 前后常有逗號 someofthem bornandbroughtupinruralvillages hadneverseenatrain 他們當中有一些人 生長在農村 從未見過火車 2 hefoundthatitcamefromtheriverpollutedbythedirtywaterfromlondon 用來修飾人的過去分詞有時可以轉移到修飾非人的事物 變成所謂的轉移形容語 這種過去分詞在形式上直接修飾人 但它所修飾的事物仍與人直接有關 thegeneralstaredathiminstartledadmiration將軍以驚訝而贊賞的眼光注視著他 attention e g weaskedtwoofchina smanytalentedjournaliststotellusmoreaboutnew iwanttowriteaboutpeopleaddictedtodrugs whenthepastparticipleisasingleword wheredoyouput beforethenounmodifiedorafterit whenthepastparticipleisaphrase wheredoyouput 過去分詞短語用作定語時 一般皆置之于其所修飾的名詞之后 其意義相當于一個定語從句 但較從句簡潔 多用于口語中 thereweretwentyorthirtymonkeyshuddledalongthebranchesasstillasstatues 有二三十個猴子蜷縮在樹枝上 靜如雕像 trucksandbusesweredrivenongascarriedinlargebagsontheroof 卡車與公共汽車皆燒煤氣 煤氣是裝載車頂上的袋中 lookatthedialogueandfindtheuseofthepastparticiple ihearyouandjamesareengagedatlast yes weare whenareyougettingmarried inthespring oh lovely where stheweddinggoingtobe pastparticipleasthepredicative example buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeople nowfindtwomoreexamplesinthereadingpassage hegotinterestedintwotheoriesexplaininghowcholerakilledpeople neitheritscause noritscurewasunderstood peoplewhoareterrifiedof2 seatswhicharereserved3 waterthatispolluted4 aroomthatiscrowded5 awinnerwhoispleased completethetablewithphrasesthathavethesamemeaning 2 6 astonishedchildren7 abrokenvase8 acloseddoor9 thetiredaudience10 atrappedanimal changethefollowingintoenglishusing make n andpastparticiples makeanappointment makeagossip makeanapology makeacontest makeachoice 約會 閑言碎語 道歉 競爭 選擇 crowdedstreets struckspeeches inspiredcontestant 受到鼓舞的競賽者 擁擠的街道 打動人的演講 unexpectedvisitors discouragedstudents 不速之客 感到沮喪的學生 1 hegot aboutlosingthemoney 2 thepainterlookedso afterworkingforawholeday blamed upset tired 3 completethesentencesusingthepastparticipleasthepredicative p5 4 everybodywas tohearofthedeathofthefamousfilmstar shocked depressed 3 iwas withthefilmisawlastnight ihadexpectedittobebetter disappointed 5 everybodyisreally aboutthenewolympicstadiums 6 hiswoundbecame withanewvirus excited infected rewritethefollowingsentenceswiththepastparticipleasattributive let strythebookstorethatwasopenedlastmonth let strythebookstoreopenedlastmonth nineoutoftenwomeninterviewedabouttheproductsaidtheylikedit yesterday thepresidentwenttovisittheretiredworkers nineoutoftenwomenwhowereinterviewedabouttheproductsaidtheylikedit yesterday thepresidentwenttovisittheworkerswhohadretired furtherinformation differencebetweenthepresentparticipleandthepastparticiple chooseappropriateverbstocompletethefollowingsentences usingthepastparticiple explaintheuseofthepastparticipleineachsentence p43 1 worryinterestarrivefrightenpreparecontinueconcern 1 theywere toacceptmyidea 2 i llbe toknowhowtheymadthewonderfulfireworks 3 themayorsaidthathewas aboutthe riseofthewaterlevelintheriverbed prepared interested worried continued 4 recently soldiersarehelpingtotakethevictimstosafeareasfromtheflood 5 mostofthenewspaperseemstobe withpopstars 6 hewas ofgoingaloneintotheemptyhouse arrived concerned frightened rewritethesesentencesasonesentenceusingthepastparticipleastheattributeorpredicative p43 2 1 ifoundthisplateonthefloor theplatewasbrokeninpieces ifoundthisbrokenplateonthefloor 2 isawatall darkandhandsomeman hisnameisxiaoming isawatall darkandhandsomemannamedxiaoming 3 ilookedatthatmodemabstract 抽象 painting itwascoloredinyellowsandgreens ilookedatthatmodemabstractpaintingcoloredinyellowsandgreens 4 yesterdayigottheanswertomyquestionontheinternet itwastheoneiexpected yesterdayigottheexpectedanswertomyquestionontheinternet 5 sheisoneofmyfriends sheisdevotedtomyinterests sheismyfrienddevotedtomyinterests 6 onthedoorstepifoundalotofbottles theyweremarkedingreenink onthedoorstepifoundalotofbottlesweremarkedingreenink 7 wesawmanywindowsinthatroom theywereallcracked wesawmanycrackedwindowsinthatroom 從a b c d四個選項中 選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項 1 mrs whiteshowedherstudentssomeoldmaps fromthelibrary 2010年課標全國卷 toborrowb tobeborrowedc borrowedd borrowing 高考鏈接 2 i mcallingtoenquireabouttheposition inyesterday schinadaily 北京2010 a advertisedb tobeadvertisedc advertisingd havingadvertised 3 agreatnumberofstudents saidtheywereforcedtopractisethepiano 四川2010 a toquestionb tobequestionedc questionedd questioning 4 inapril thousandsofholidaymakersremained abroadduetothevolcanicashcloud 福建2010 a stickingb stuckc tobestuckd tohavestuck 5 sofarnobodyhasclaimedthemoney inthelibrary 湖南2010 a discoveredb tobediscoveredc discoveringd havingdiscovered 6 nowthatwe vediscussedourproblem arepeoplehappywiththedecisions 2009年全國卷i takingb takec takend totake 7 forbreakfastheonlydrinksjuicefromfreshfruit onhisownfarm 北京2009 a grownb beinggrownc tobegrownd togrow 8 ladiesandgentlemen pleaseremain untilth