專題八名詞性從句that, whether與if引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的區(qū)別 考題嘗試(單句語法填空)1(2016北京高考改編)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can be entirely free from dust.2(2013全國(guó)卷改編)I am wondering whether you can pick him up at the airport.3(2015北京高考改編)I truly believe that beauty comes from within.4(2012浙江高考改編)I made a promise to myself that this year, my first year in high school, would be different. 規(guī)則點(diǎn)撥當(dāng)名詞性從句主干齊全，又不缺少狀語時(shí)，用連接詞引導(dǎo)。連接詞有that, whether和if。1that: that 連接名詞性從句，只起連接作用，不在從句中作成分。在賓語從句中可以省略。The teacher informed us (that) we would have a test the next day. 老師告知我們第二天進(jìn)行測(cè)試。2if 和whether：有“是否”的含義，表示一般疑問。主語從句和表語從句中只能用whether不能用if。if 和whether也不在從句中作成分，只起連接作用。The trouble is whether he can come on time. 麻煩是他是否能按時(shí)來。注意事項(xiàng)1在下列情況下一般只能用whether，不用if：(1)引導(dǎo)主語從句并在句首時(shí)；(2)引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)；(3)引導(dǎo)從句作介詞賓語時(shí)；(4)從句后有“or not”時(shí)；(5)后接動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)。2that引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)，常用it作形式主語，常見句型有：(1)itbe形容詞(如： obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, evident, clear, apparent等)that從句。(2)itbe名詞(如： no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise等)that從句。(3)itbe過去分詞(如： said, reported, thought, estimated, expected, decided, announced, arranged, recognized等)that從句。類似句型還有：It cannot be denied that . /It must be admitted that .(4)it動(dòng)詞(如：seem, appear, happen, occur to sb., doesnt matter, make no difference等)that從句。 對(duì)點(diǎn)演練(單句語法填空)1That he will come to the conference has excited every one of us.2Its no wonder that youve achieved so much success.3It happened to me that I had been away when he called.4I feel it a pity that I havent been to the gettogether.5We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this matter.6I am not interested in whether they believe in me or not.連接代詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句 考題嘗試(單句語法填空)1(2014福建高考改編)Pick yourself up. Courage is doing what youre afraid to do.2(2014浙江高考改編)“Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is what my mother used to tell me.3(2013北京高考改編)I took pride in what I had done in the absence of my father. 4(2013全國(guó)卷改編)By the way, do you know what they stand for?5(2013福建高考改編)Personally speaking, I dont think what these parents do is helpful to their children. 規(guī)則點(diǎn)撥連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which這幾個(gè)連接詞不但起連接作用，也在從句中作名詞或代詞所作的成分，如主語、表語、賓語、定語。缺少連接代詞，從句不完整。What struck me most in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son. 影片中最打動(dòng)我的是父親對(duì)他兒子深深的愛。What worries us most is who let out the secret.最令我們擔(dān)憂的是誰泄漏了秘密。 對(duì)點(diǎn)演練(單句語法填空)1It has not been decided yet who will preside over the meeting.2Id like to start my own business thats what Id do if I had the money.3(2017太原五中一模)Who will come to help with my English hasnt been decided.4. (2014湖南高考改編)As John Lennon once said, life is what happens to you while you are busy making other plans.5(2014山東高考改編)It is difficult for us to imagine what life was like for slaves in the ancient world.連接副詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句 考題嘗試(單句語法填空)1(2015北京高考改編)How we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.2(2015福建高考改編)I wonder how Mary has kept her figure after all these years.By working out every day.3(2015湖南高考改編)You have to know where youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.4(2015重慶高考改編)We must find out when Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.5(2014廣東高考改編)I didnt understand why this would happen and . 規(guī)則點(diǎn)撥連接副詞when, where, why, how這幾個(gè)連接詞不但起連接作用，也在從句中作狀語，表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因和方式。He didnt tell me when we would meet again.他沒告訴我什么時(shí)候我們?cè)傧嘁姟o and get your coat. Its where you left it.去把大衣拿來。就在你原來放的地方。I have no idea how I can get to the railway station. 我不知道怎么能到火車站。Thats why I want you to work there. 那就是我要你在那兒工作的原因。 對(duì)點(diǎn)演練(單句語法填空)1(2017大慶質(zhì)量檢測(cè)二)People who visited me used to ask me how I could sleep. “Doesnt the sound of the traffic bother you? How can you get used to so much noise？”2The problem is how we can improve our reading skills in such a short time.3She asked a question why there was a delay.4(2017湖南岳陽一中檢測(cè))Mr. White is opposed to repairing the old building, and thats where I dont agree.whatever, whoever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however的用法 考題嘗試(單句語法填空)1(2016北京高考改編)Your support is important to our work. Whatever you can do helps.2(2013江西高考改編)Whichever one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.3(2014北京高考改編)Some people believe whatever has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. 規(guī)則點(diǎn)撥它們的作用等同于who, what, which, where, when, how, 但語氣加強(qiáng)了。這類詞引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，不能用no matterwho/what .代替。1引導(dǎo)主語從句。Whoever did this job must be rewarded.無論誰做的這項(xiàng)工作都肯定會(huì)被獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。2引導(dǎo)賓語從句，充當(dāng)直接賓語。Ill give you however much money you need.不論你需要多少錢我都給你。3引導(dǎo)賓語從句，充當(dāng)間接賓語。She will give whoever needs help a hand.她將給任何需要幫助的人提供幫助。4引導(dǎo)介詞的賓語從句。You can write about whatever topic you prefer.你可以寫你喜歡的任何話題。5引導(dǎo)賓語從句，充當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語。Well make him whatever he is fit for.他適合什么我們就讓他做什么。注意事項(xiàng)“no matter疑問詞” 包括no matter who, no matter what, no matter which, no matter when, no matter where, no matter how；它們的意義跟前面對(duì)應(yīng)的“疑問詞ever”相同，但它們只能用來引導(dǎo)狀語從句。Whoever/No matter who comes, you will say I am out.不管誰來，你就說我不在家。However/No matter how tired he was, he went on working. 無論他多么累，他都繼續(xù)工作。 對(duì)點(diǎn)演練(單句語法填空)1(2017株洲二中月考)With an optimistic attitude and a strong will, we can overcome whatever difficulties we might meet with and achieve our goals.2As many as seven courses are provided, and they are free to choose whichever suits them best.3(2017四川營(yíng)山縣模擬)Whoever sets fire to the forest should be punished. 4Whichever team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. 1賓語從句(2014廣東高考)I didnt understand _ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation.解析：why根據(jù)語境此處應(yīng)用why引導(dǎo)賓語從句。2主語從句(2016江蘇高考改編)It is often the case _ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.解析：that此句為主語從句，從句中不缺少任何成分，句意完整，故使用that引導(dǎo)。3表語從句(2016北京高考改編)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _ one can be entirely free from dust.解析：that根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句是表語從句，且表語從句中主系表結(jié)構(gòu)完整，故使用連詞that引導(dǎo)表語從句，that在表語從句中不作句子成分，只起連接作用。(2015安徽高考改編)A ship in harbor is safe, but thats not _ ships are built for.解析：what空格后的句子是表語從句，表語從句中for缺少賓語，故用what。4同位語從句(2016天津高考改編)The manager put forward a suggestion _ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.解析：that空格后面是建議的具體內(nèi)容，從句不缺成分，故填that。(2014重慶高考改編)Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?Yeah, but I have no idea _ he did it; thats one of his favorite universities.解析：why根據(jù)后面的“thats one of his favorite universities”可知這里指原因，故用why引導(dǎo)。1從屬連詞與連接副詞之間的錯(cuò)用示例(2015全國(guó)卷)After looking at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing.答案：wherethat或去掉where點(diǎn)撥從屬連詞有that/whether/if等，連接副詞有when, where等。從屬連詞不作成分，而連接副詞作狀語。2連接代詞(what, which和who等)之間的錯(cuò)用示例(2013遼寧高考)That is which other teachers say.答案：whichwhat點(diǎn)撥引導(dǎo)名詞性從句且在從句中作主語或賓語時(shí)應(yīng)用what(什么)；which(哪一個(gè))；who(誰)等，注意它們之間意義的差別。3that與what之間的錯(cuò)用示例(2017銀川二中一模)For one thing, that you are studying is badly needed nowadays in our country. 答案：thatwhat點(diǎn)撥what在名詞性從句中可作主語、賓語或表語；而that本身沒有意義，不作任何成分，只起連接作用。4從屬連詞that與whether/if之間的錯(cuò)用示例(2017山東師大附中模擬)There is no doubt whether it is of great help to their study and future life. 答案：whetherthat點(diǎn)撥that不作成分，沒有實(shí)際意義；whether/if也不作成分但有實(shí)際意義，有“是否”之意。5從屬連詞that的缺失示例(2017遵義航天高級(jí)中學(xué)模擬)And you should also have a belief you are sure to succeed as long as you keep your direction all the time.答案：belief后加that點(diǎn)撥that引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句時(shí)一般不能省略，引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)可以省略。增分技法1掌握好引導(dǎo)詞that的省略與不省略。 他的成功是因?yàn)樗麨楸荣愖髁顺浞值臏?zhǔn)備。His success lies in the fact that he was well prepared for the match.2what從句在寫作中非常有用，叫不出名字的事物都可用這個(gè)句式來表達(dá)。 近幾年，我們的學(xué)校發(fā)生了很大的變化，已不再是過去的樣子了。In the past few years, great changes have taken place in our school and it is no longer what it used to be.3用好whatever，however等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句和讓步狀語從句。 我們必須盡一切努力來保護(hù)我們的環(huán)境。We must do whatever it takes to protect our environment. 巧用增分我反對(duì)這個(gè)工程的原因是，它花費(fèi)太多的錢，而這些錢應(yīng)當(dāng)用來提高當(dāng)?shù)厝藗兊纳钏健?be against, project, the reason why .is that, to improve the lives of the local people)The_reason_why_I_am_against_the_project_is_that_it_will_cost_too_much_money,_which_should_be_used_to_improve_the_lives_of_local_people.如果我們想成功，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)相信我們做的事情，相信我們自己。(succeed, believe in what we do, who we are)We_should_believe_in_what_we_do_and_who_we_are_if_we_are_to_succeed.無論誰想成功，都必須盡最大努力。(whoever, succeed, do ones best)Whoever_wants_to_succeed_must_do_his/her_best.題點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)練 .單句語法填空1(2017重慶南開中學(xué)月考)Life is ten percent what happens to you and ninety percent how you respond it.2(2017邯鄲調(diào)研)The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other students wondered what the boy would do.3(2017四川成都高新區(qū)檢測(cè))In my opinion, what matters is whether we can win together as a team instead of individuals.4(2017益陽模擬)Half of the worlds population is under the age of 25 and when they are not involved in the decisionmaking process, they are not aware of what is taking place.5(2017本溪高級(jí)中學(xué)月考)Whether the flight to New York will be delayed is what Im especially worried about.6(2017懷化一模)There are as many as five students clubs in our school. You can join whichever interests you most.7(2017杭州二模)With time going by, what once seemed vital in our life is no longer as important now.8(2017山東省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)一模)She has received an offer from Berkeley, but I dont know whether/if she will accept it.單句改錯(cuò)1Success partly depends on if you have the patience to do simple things perfectly.ifwhether2Were all pleased what we have once again overcome the difficulty.whatthat3We all consider important that children should take plenty of milk as they grow.consider后加it4My suggestion is we should have a discussion about this matter instead of just laying it aside.is后加that5His promise which he would give away half of the years income to the disabled turned out a lie.whichthat6We are thinking about whom can be admitted into our club. The number of members is limited.whomwho.單句寫作 1使我們這個(gè)學(xué)校特別的是，她的大多數(shù)畢業(yè)生都被名校錄取了。(make .special, graduate, be admitted to, famous colleges)What_makes_our_school_special_is_that_most_of_its_graduates_are_admitted_to_famous_colleges.2令球迷欣喜的是那位年輕的球員在乒乓球錦標(biāo)賽中表現(xiàn)得極為出色。(delighted, perform, the table tennis tournament)What_delighted_the_fans/made_the_fans_delighted_was_that_the_young_player_performed_extremely_well_in_the_table_tennis_tournament._3如果能找到任何適合你的學(xué)習(xí)方法，你的學(xué)習(xí)效率就可能明顯提高。(whatever, learning method, learning efficiency)If_you_can_find_whatever_learning_method_(that)_suits_you,_your_study/learning_efficiency_is_likely_to_improve_remarkably.題型綜合練 .語法填空 (2017東北三省三校一模)The “selfie” is used to describe the selftaken photo, often from a smartphone. Someone takes about 10 selfies each time he does, and he only ends up _1_ (post) one or two of those. He picks the one that he feels make him look the _2_(good). In that picture, he gains confidence. For that moment, everything bad or terrible that has happened to him_3_ (remove), because that smile is what gives him the_4_ (determine) to love himself.I read_5_ poem recently and the young man said, “If I ask you_6_ you love, the answers will most likely roll off your tongue.You love to read. You love to write. You love your mom, your daughter, or your best friend. How long do you think you can go on and on before you say I love_7_(I)？”That statement hit me like a ton of bricks.Ive struggled with confidence all my life.I still do.And in_8_ way am I saying that taking a selfie is a gateway_9_ confidence._10_， the se