1、考研英語閱讀的分類詞匯1 經濟類active trade balance貿易順差adverse trade balance貿易逆差appropriate撥款auditor審計員。查帳員balance sheet資產負債表bargain減價出售的商品，便宜貨board董事會bond債券bottom line盈虧表brisk(生意)興隆bubble economy泡沫經濟budget預算business restructuring商業重組capital資本cargo manifest貨物清單commodities fair商品展銷會confiscate沒收corporation公司，股份有限公司c

2、ounteroffer還價creditor債權人customs海關dealer商人，販子，證券經紀人deficit赤字，虧空deflationary policy緊縮銀根政策demands and supplies供需depreciation貶值depression經濟蕭條期divided紅利股利domestic market國內市場duty-free免稅economic decline經濟衰退economic fluctuation經濟波動economic recovery經濟復蘇economic stability經濟穩定economic strategy經濟戰略economist經濟學家

3、enterprise in the red虧損企業entrepreneur企業家，中間商exportoriented economy外向型經濟fake and poor quality commodities假冒偽劣產品fierce competition激烈的競爭fluctuation波動GDP國內生產總值GNP(gross national product)國民生產總值head office總部human resources人力資源income tax所得稅inflation通貨膨脹installment分期付款interest rate利率investment投資，投資額invoice發

4、票labor and management勞資雙方labor force勞動力large scale development of West China大規模的西部開發levy征(稅)limited liability company有限責任公司macroeconomics宏觀經濟學market-oriented economy市場經濟market research市場調研merger合并公司monetary貨幣的monopoly壟斷mortgage抵押抵押貨款most-favored nation treatment最惠國待遇multinational多國經營的，跨國經營的multinati

5、onal corporations跨國公司negotiation談判；洽談patent system專利制度patron贊助人，老主顧planned economy計劃經濟potential market市場潛力price hike物價上漲principal本金Private enterprise私人企業Private property私人財產productivity生產率productivity revolution生產力革命profitable贏利的promotion促銷property tax財產稅public funding公共基金recession衰退reckoning結賬retai

6、l零售revenue財政收入，稅收security證券self-raised funds自籌資金slack不景氣smuggle走私social security社會保障(制度)soft investment environment投資軟環境speculation投機,思考、思索staff members職員stagnant(經濟)停滯，不發展stamp duty印花稅statistical統計的stock現貨，股票。公債stockbroker股票，證券經紀人stock holder股東；股票持有人strategic戰略的surplus贏余tariff(進口)關稅tax break稅額優惠tax

7、payer納稅人teller(=cashier)出納員trade、rind貿易風transaction交易；買賣trust信托wholesale批發2 科普類access time存取時間anti-virus programs殺毒軟件assembler匯編程序bar code條形碼beeper傳呼機buffer storage緩沖存儲器call instruction呼叫指令cellular手機，多孔的Comsat 通訊衛星cursor光標cyber crimes網上犯罪cyberspace電腦空間，網絡世界desktop臺式計算機digital television數字電視electroni

8、c control電子控制electronic hearing aid電子助聽器encryption加密fast-forward(放錄像帶等時的快進)fiber optic technology光纖技術firewall防火墻flat panel display平板顯示技術floppy disk軟盤genetic engineering基因工程hacker黑客identifier標識符intelligent system智能系統intranet內聯網IT-industry信息產業know-how(技術)訣竅laser激光long-distance educational system遠程教育系統

9、microprocessor微處理機minicomputer小型計算機modem調制解調器multimedia多媒體multimedia learning system多媒體學習系統netsurfed網蟲on-1ine service網上服務palmtop(：PDA)掌上電腦passwordPIN(：personal identification number)密碼portable便攜式計算機snooper窺探者software package軟件包solar collector太陽能收集器terminal終端設備video camera攝像機videodisc影碟3 醫學與健康類aborti

10、on人工流產amnesia(醫)記憶缺失，遺忘(癥)anatomical解剖學的；解剖的anesthetic麻醉劑anti-aging抗衰老antibiotic抗生素antibody抗體antidote解毒藥antitumor drug抗腫瘤藥；抗癌藥antiviral抗病毒藥arthritis關節炎asthma氣喘，哮喘asylum精神病院bacteria緬菌biomedical生物醫學的carcinogen致癌物cell membrane細胞膜cellular細胞的，由細胞組成的cellulose纖維素Centers for Disease Control疾病控制中心cholesterol

11、膽固醇chromosome染色體clinical臨床的clone無性繁殖系，克隆coma昏厥contagion接觸傳染dehydrate(使)脫水diagnose診斷diarrhea瀉肚enzyme酶epidemic流行病euthanasia安樂死excretion排泄，排泄物gene mutation(基因)突變gene pool基因庫genetic engineering基因工程genomic染色體的glucose葡萄糖heart attack心力衰竭，心臟病發作heterosexual異性戀的HIVpositive艾滋病測試陽性homosexual同性戀的hormone激素hygiene

12、衛生，衛生學hypertension高血壓hypnosis催眠術1CU(Intensive Care Unit)重癥監護室immunize獲得免疫力incidence發病率inflammation炎癥inoculation接種，預防注射insane精神病患者的，精神病的insomnia失眠(癥)latency period潛伏期leukemia白血病malaria瘧疾malignant惡性measles麻疹medication添加藥物，藥物治療metabolism新陳代謝mother-to-fetus transmission母嬰傳播multiply繁殖mutate變異突變nauseate嘔吐

13、neurological神經病學的obesity過度肥胖，肥大ointment藥膏organ transplanting器官移植paralysis癱瘓physician內科醫生plague鼠疫。瘟疫potency藥力preion藥方，處方(的藥)preventive預防性的psychiatrist精神病醫生rehabilitation康復，恢復remedy療法removal切除rheumatoid風濕的；類風濕(性)的sedative鎮靜劑self-medication自我藥療stroke中風suspected case疑似病例surgery外科手術symptom癥狀syndrome綜合病癥t

14、aint影響，腐化，使感染TCM (traditional Chinese medicine)中醫therapy治療，療法toxicologist毒物學家；毒理學家vaccine疫苗vein靜脈veterinary疾病的，獸醫的vitamins維生素4 政治與法律類accusation控告acquit宣判無罪amend修正appeal上訴apprehend拘押，逮捕arbitration仲裁，調停armed conflicts武裝沖突attorney律師authorize授權autonomous自治的bilateral talks雙邊會淡civil law民法code法規，法典confinem

15、ent關押，禁閉congressman國會議員conspiracy陰謀constitution憲法consul領事convict宣判有罪court法院court of appeal中級法院custody拘留criminal law刑法decree法令defendant被告defender辯護人defuse緩合，平息despot獨裁者disarmament解除武裝enforce實施，使生效established international practice國際慣例federal government聯邦政府hierarchy等級制度humanitarian aid人道主義援助illicit非法的

16、indemnity賠償institution制度intellectual propertyright知識產權interim government過渡政府joint declaration聯合聲明judicial司法的judiciary司法部jury陪審團lawsuit訴訟legal liability法律義務legislation立法legislative立法的legislature立法機構legitimate合法的litigant訴訟當事人litigation訴訟municipal市政的offense犯罪parliament議會pending未決的petition請愿plaintiff(民事

17、)原告plead申訴，辯護probation緩刑察看public prosecutor檢查官reconciliation和解Representative眾議院議員ruling(法官等)裁定secretary部長senate參議院senator參議員sovereignty主權statute成文法stipulation條文，規定subpoena傳票suit起訴suitor(刑事)原告summit meeting首腦會議峰會terrorist attack恐怖襲擊terrorist organizations恐怖組織undersecretary次長usurpation篡奪violation違犯5 生

18、態類acid rain酸雨forestation植樹造林algae梅藻amphibian兩棲類的，兩棲動物balance of nature生態平衡bio-diversity生物多樣性biosphere生物圈CFCs氟利昂decibel分貝deforestation采伐森林desertification土地沙漠化domestic sewage生活污水ecocide生態滅絕eco-friendly良好的環境eco-label生態標志ecological condition生態環境ecologist生態學家ecology生態學對環境的科學研究ecosystem生態系，生態系統eco-tourist生態旅游；生態旅游業effluent流出物，排除物environmentalist環境工作者；環境問題專家fauna動物群flora植物群fumes有毒的廢氣global warming全球變暖green groups綠色環保組織greenhouse effect溫室效應infrared radiation紅外線輻射mammal哺乳動物noxious有毒的nucleic acid(生物)核酸ozone hole臭氧洞ozone layer臭氧層photosynthesis光合作用plankton(總稱)浮游動物pollution index