閱讀理解重難題測試（測試）

說明文（基礎(chǔ)版）

姓名得分

一、閱讀理解（共40小題，每題2.5分，滿分100分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

1.（2023?江蘇揚(yáng)州?揚(yáng)州中學(xué)校考模擬預(yù)測）

Withanabundanceofsunandwind,SpainispositioningitselfasEurope'sfutureleaderingreenhydrogen

productiontocleanupheavyindustries.Butsomeenergyexpertsexpresscautionbecausethisprocessrelieson

massiveavailabilityofzerocarbonelectricity.

Greenhydrogeniscreatedwhenrenewableenergysourcespoweranelectricalcurrentthatrunsthrough

water,separatingitshydrogenandoxygenmolecules（分子）.Theprocessdoesn'tproduceplanetwarmingcarbon

dioxide,butlessthan0.1%ofglobalhydrogenproductioniscurrentlycreatedinthisway.

Theseparatedhydrogencanbeusedintheproductionofsteel,ammonia（氨）andchemicalproducts,allof

whichrequireindustrialprocessesthatarehardertostopfossilfuels.Hydrogenalsocanbeusedasa

transportationfuel,whichcouldonedaytransformthehighlypollutingshippingandaviationsectors.

Spain'slarge,windsweptandthinlypopulatedterritoryreceivesmorethan2,500hoursofsunshineon

averageperyear,providingidealconditionsforwindandsolarenergy,andthereforegreenhydrogenproduction.

“IfyoulookatwherehydrogenisgoingtobeproducedinEuropeinthenextmillionyears,it'sintwo

countries,SpainandPortugal,saidThierryLepereq,thefounderandpresidentofHyDealAmbition,anindustry

platformbringingtogether30panies."Hydrogenisthenew

LepereqisworkingwithpanieslikeSpanishgaspipelinecorporationEnagasandglobalsteelgiant

ArcelorMittaltodesignanendtoendmodelforhydrogenproduction,distributionandsupplyatapetitiveprice.

Criticismhascenteredongreenhydrogen'shighercostparedwithhighlypolluting“grayhydrogen“drawnfrom

naturalgas.LepereqarguesthatsolarenergyproducedinSpainispricedlowenoughtopete.

...bally,Lepereqsaid,"Electricityis20%ofenergyconsumption.Whataboutthe80%thatisnot

electrified?...Youneedtoreplacethosefossilfuels.Notin50years9time.Youneedtoreplacethemnow.”

1.WhyaresomeexpertscautiousaboutgreenhydrogenproductioninSpain?

A.Itneedslargeamountsofsunandwind.B.Ithasaneffectonheavyindustries.

C.Itcausesconflictsamongcountries.D.Ituseslotsofzerocarbonelectricity.

2.WhatistheadvantageofgreenhydrogenproductioninSpain?

A.Idealgeographicalconditions.B.Thesupportfromgovernment.

C.Hydrogenproductiontechnology.D.Welldevelopedpublictransports.

3.WhatcanbeinferredaboutgreenhydrogeninSpainaccordingtoLepereq?

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A.Itishighlypriced.B.Itiseasytostore.

C.Itispetitive.D.Itishighlypolluting.

4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Spainmanagestousezerocarbonelectricity.B.SpainstrugglestoleadEUinheavyindustry.

C.Spaintakestheleadinpreventingairpollution.D.Spainreplacesfossilfuelwithgreenhydrogen.

【答案】1.D2.A3.C4.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了憑借充足的陽光和風(fēng)，西班牙將成為歐洲綠色氫生產(chǎn)的未來

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題o根據(jù)第——段“Butsomeenergyexpertsexpresscautionbecausethisprocessreliesonmassive

availabilityofzerocarbonelectricity.（但一些能源專家表示謹(jǐn)慎，因?yàn)檫@一過程依賴于零碳電力的大量可用

性）”可知，一些能源專家表示謹(jǐn)慎是因?yàn)檫@一過程依賴于零碳電力的大量可用性。故選D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題o根據(jù)第四段“Spain'slarge,windsweptandthinlypopulatedterritoryreceivesmorethan2,500

hoursofsunshineonaverageperyear,providingidealconditionsforwindandsolarenergy,andthereforegreen

hydrogenproduction.（西班牙面積大，多風(fēng)，人口稀少，每年平均日照超過2500小時(shí)，為風(fēng)能和太陽能提

供了理想的條件，因此也為綠色氫生產(chǎn)提供了理想的條件）”可知，西班牙綠色氫生產(chǎn)的一大優(yōu)勢就是其優(yōu)

越的地理?xiàng)l件。故選A。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“LepereqisworkingwithpanieslikeSpanishgaspipelinecorporationEnagas

andglobalsteelgiantArcelorMittaltodesignanendtoendmodelforhydrogenproduction,distributionandsupply

atapetitiveprice.Criticismhascenteredongreenhydrogen'shighercostparedwithhighlypolluting“gray

hydrogen^^drawnfromnaturalgas.LepereqarguesthatsolarenergyproducedinSpainispricedlowenoughto

pete.（Lepercq正在與西班牙天然氣管道公司Enagas和全球鋼鐵巨頭ArcelorMittal公司合作，設(shè)計(jì)一種端到

端的氫氣生產(chǎn)、分銷和供應(yīng)模式，價(jià)格具有競爭力。批評(píng)的焦點(diǎn)是，與從天然氣中提取的高污染“灰氫”相

比，綠色氫的成本更高。Lepereq認(rèn)為，西班牙生產(chǎn)的太陽能價(jià)格足夠低，具有競爭力）”可知，L印ereq認(rèn)

為西班牙的綠氫生產(chǎn)極具競爭性。故選C。

4.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"Withanabundanceofsunandwind,SpainispositioningitselfasEurope'sfuture

leaderingreenhydrogen（氫氣）productiontocleanupheavyindustries.（憑借充足的陽光和風(fēng)，西班牙將自己

定位為清潔重工業(yè)的綠色氫生產(chǎn)的歐洲的未來領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者）”以及第四段“Spain飛large,windsweptandthinly

populatedterritoryreceivesmorethan2,500hoursofsunshineonaverageperyear,providingidealconditionsfor

windandsolarenergy,andthereforegreenhydrogenproduction^西班牙面積大，多風(fēng)，人口稀少，每年平均日

照超過2500小時(shí)，為風(fēng)能和太陽能提供了理想的條件，因此也為綠色氫生產(chǎn)提供了理想的條件）”根據(jù)最后

一段“Youneedtoreplacethosefossilfuels.Notin50years5time.Youneedtoreplacethemnow.^^（你需要替代

那些化石燃料）可知，本文主要介紹的是西班牙憑借充足的陽光和風(fēng)打算用綠色氫來取代化石燃料。由此

可知，D選項(xiàng)“西班牙用綠色氫取代化石燃料”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選D。

2.（2023?江蘇泰州?統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）

Whenyouenjoyyourmorningcupoftea,youareprobablynotawarethatthosetealeavescanmeaninjury,

orevendeath,forAsianelephantswanderingIndianteagardens.

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IntheIndianstateofAssam,growingnumbersofteafarmsaredestroyingtheAsianelephant'shabitatsand

endangeringtheirpopulation.MuchoftheforestlandwhereteaisgrowninAssamisflatandthusfarmersmust

digdrainagetrenchesorsmallchannelstopreventwaterfromaccumulatingandhurtingtheplants.Thetrenches,

however,canbedeathtrapsfortheelephants.

Sincetheelephantsneedtouseteaplantationsaslandmarkswhentravelinginforests,theyalmost

unavoidablyhavetomovethroughthefarms.Moreover,becausetherearefewerhumansaround,pregnant

femalesoftenuseteagrowingareasassafeshelterstogivebirth.Butbabyelephants,stillnotusedtorough

groundmayeasilyfallintothetrenchesandgethurt.Onceinjured,theymightnotbeabletoclimbout.When

motherstrytodigtheirbabiesout,bothmaybetrappedinthickmud,evenbekilled.Furthermore,elephantsare

knowntoresistleavingtheirsickordyingbehind,andagroupmaystayatatrenchwithatrappedbabyforhours,

unwillingtomoveonuntilallhopeislost.

Istherepossibilityforelephantstoliveinharmonywiththeboomingteabusiness?ElephantFriendlyTeais

anorganizationthattakestheinitiativetomakeitpossible.Theorganizationencouragesconsumerstochoose

brandsthattakeanactivepartinelephantsprotection,andhasestablishedacertificationprogramtorewardtea

growerswhoaredoingitright.Untilnow,onlysmallerteabrandshavebeencertified,butawarenessisgrowing.

Theorganizationbelievesthatpeoplemaybeencouragedtobuyelephantfriendlybrandswhentheyknowmore

abouttheriskteacancausetotheseendangeredanimals.

5.WhydofarmersinAssamdigtrenches?

A.Totrapelephants.B.Tomarkboundaries.

C.Toprotectteatrees.D.Toexpandteafarms.

6.Whatcanwesayaboutbabyelephants?

A.Theygetstuckbythesharpbranchesoftheteatrees.

B.Theyhavedifficultymovingaroundtheunevenfields.

C.Theymightmissthelandmarkswhiletravellinginforests.

D.Theyfailtofindasafeshelterwhenclimbingoutoftrenches.

7.Whatdoes"it”underlinedinthelastparagraphreferto?

A.Encouragingconsumerstochoosehighqualitybrands.

B.Rewardingteagrowersforprotectingtheenvironment.

C.Promotingelephantfriendlytrenchesandorganizations.

D.Creatingawinwinsituationfbrelephantsandteafarms.

8.Whichisthemostsuitabletitlefbrthetext?

A.TheTrenchesPoseThreatstoElephants

B.HabitatLossAffectsEndangeredAnimals

C.GrowthofTeaGardensBenefitsPlantation

D.FarmsSponsorEnvironmentalOrganizations

【答案】5.C6.B7.D8.A

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了茶葉種植對亞洲象的生存環(huán)境造成威脅及ElephantFriendlyTea組織

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為保證大象安全和茶葉生意的發(fā)展做出的努力。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“MuchoftheforestlandwhereteaisgrowninAssamisflatandthusfarmersmust

digdrainagetrenchesorsmallchannelstopreventwaterfromaccumulatingandhurtingtheplants.,9（大部分阿薩

姆邦種植茶葉的林地都是平坦的，因此農(nóng)民必須挖排水溝或小渠道，以防止雨水積聚和傷害植物。）可知，

茶農(nóng)挖溝渠是為了避免雨水集聚而損害茶樹。故選C項(xiàng)。

6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中"Butbabyelephants,stillnotusedtoroughgroundmayeasilyfallintothe

trenchesandgethurt."（但是小象還不習(xí)慣粗糙的地面，很容易掉進(jìn)溝渠里受傷。）可知，在不平整的地面

上行走，小象面臨許多困難，很容易掉進(jìn)溝渠里。故選B項(xiàng)。

7.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Istherepossibi出yfbrelephantstoliveinharmonywiththeboomingtea

business?ElephantFriendlyTeaisanorganizationthattakestheinitiativetomakeitpossible?9（大象有可能與蓬

勃發(fā)展的茶業(yè)和諧相處嗎?ElephantFriendlyTea是一個(gè)主動(dòng)采取行動(dòng)使迨成為可能的組織。）可知，該組

織采取行動(dòng)，致力于保證大象安全和茶葉生意的發(fā)展，此處it指代上文提到的“elephantstoliveinharmony

withtheboomingteabusiness”,即大象保護(hù)和茶業(yè)發(fā)展的雙贏局面。故選D項(xiàng)。

8.主旨大意題o根據(jù)第二段中“IntheIndianstateofAssam,growingnumbersofteafarmsaredestroyingthe

Asianelephant'shabitatsandendangeringtheirpopulation."（在印度阿薩姆邦，越來越多的茶園正在破壞亞洲

象的棲息地，并危及它們的數(shù)量。）及“Thetrenches,however,canbedeathtrapsfortheelephants."（然而，

溝渠對大象來說可能是死亡陷阱。）并結(jié)合下文茶農(nóng)挖的溝渠對大象的具體危害的描述可知，本文主要介

紹了茶葉種植尤其是茶園內(nèi)的溝渠對亞洲象的生存環(huán)境造成了威脅。故選A項(xiàng)。

3.（2023?江西省宜豐中學(xué)校考階段練習(xí)）

Somepeoplesaythattheplanetisgettingsmaller,thattherearefewplaceslefttoexplore,andthattheageof

explorationwillbeoversoon.

Iwouldargueinsteadthattherehasneverbeenagreaterneedtoexplore.Thafsbecausethestageforall

explorationisthenaturalworld,andnatureisexperiencingarapiddecline.Itisbyexploringthatweunderstand

andwhenweunderstandwedevelopanappreciationfbrwhatisfound.Ultimately,onlythethingsweappreciate

areworthprotecting.

Asthegoldenageofexplorationweakens,sodoestherichnessoflifeonEarth.Itisn'tjustthatthereare

fewerblankareasonthemap;itisthatwildplacesandspaceshavebeenprogressivelycarvedup（瓜分）.Visiting

theOkavangoDeltaorKalahariDesert,fbrexample,nolongerimpliesaselfsupportedexpedition.Fieldstations

popupinimportantnationalparksandremotesensingbysatellitebeesmonplace.

Inthenextcentury,Ibelievewewillneedlargerandwilderareas.Wewillneedthewilderness,notjustfbr

theprotectionofit,butbecauseitisanimportantpartoftheecosystemsfromwhichwegainournecessitieslike

cleanwater,foodandmaterials.Ifwesucceed,thenexpeditions——brieftravelsintothewildthatseektoanswer

questions,monitorpopulations,andinspireaction——willhavearenewedsenseofpurpose.Moreimportantly,

theygreatlyhelpthepublicexperience,understandandappreciatenature.

Basedonmyownresearchexpeditionwhichaimstounderstand“edgeeffects”-howthechangesin

temperatureatforestedgesimpactanimals,Ifinditimportantthattoday'sscientistscontinuetospendtimeinthe

field.Itisherethattheybegintounderstandhowseeminglyunrelatedenvironmentalinteractionsinfluencetheir

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studysystem.Sometimes,ifsdifficulttoknowwhichisimportanttomeasureuntilyoustandoutthereonthe

forestedge.

Itistheyounggenerationthatisthemainforcetoleadthenextwaveofexpeditions.Themeasureoftheir

successwillbewhethertherearestillwellpreservedwildplacesforexpeditionsinthefuture.Theirleadershipis

needednow,morethanever.

1.Whafsthepurposeofthistext?

A.Tosuggestunderstandingnaturebykeepingexploring.

B.Toadvisepeoplenottotraveltounknownplaces.

C.Toinformusaboutthereducedbiodiversity.

D.Tocallonthepublictosupportthestudy.

2.WhatcanweknowabouttheexpeditioninwildspacesfromParagraph3?

A.Itisdifficultforexplorerstomakeprogress.

B.Itismoreaccessiblewiththehelpoftechnology.

C.Itpromotesthedevelopmentofsatellitetechnology.

D.Itrequiresexplorerstotakesufficientheavyequipment.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“popup“inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Appearunexpectedly.B.Closetemporarily.

C.Developquickly.D.Differgreatly.

4.Whatdoestheauthorrealizeafterhisresearchexpedition?

A.Thesignificanceofscientists9fieldtrip.

B.Thedifficultyofcarryingoutfieldwork.

C.Theneedtoexpandtheedgesofforests.

D.Theinfluenceofhisstudyontheenvironment.

【答案】1.A2.B3.A4.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文，文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家實(shí)地探索來了解自然的重要性。通過探索，人們才能理解

并欣賞值得保護(hù)的東西。

1.推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段“Iwouldargueinsteadthattherehasneverbeenagreaterneedto

explore.Thafsbecausethestageforallexplorationisthenaturalworld,andnatureisexperiencingarapiddecline.

Itisbyexploringthatweunderstandandwhenweunderstandwedevelopanappreciationforwhatisfound.

Ultimately,onlythethingsweappreciateareworthprotecting.（相反，我想說的是，從未有過更大的探索需求。

這是因?yàn)樗刑剿鞯奈枧_(tái)都是自然界，而自然界正在經(jīng)歷迅速的衰退。正是通過探索，我們理解了，當(dāng)我

們理解了，我們就會(huì)對所發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西產(chǎn)生欣賞。最終，只有我們欣賞的東西才值得保護(hù)。）”和第四段“Ifwe

succeed,thenexpeditions——brieftravelsintothewildthatseektoanswerquestions,monitorpopulations,and

inspireaction—willhavearenewedsenseofpurpose.Moreimportantly,theygreatlyhelpthepublicexperience,

understandandappreciatenature.（如果我們成功了，那么探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)----短暫的野外旅行，尋求回答問題、監(jiān)測

種群并激勵(lì)行動(dòng)——將有新的目標(biāo)感。更重要的是，它們極大地幫助公眾體驗(yàn)、理解和欣賞自然。廣可推

知，文章的寫作目的是建議通過不斷探索來了解自然。故選A。

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2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“VisitingtheOkavangoDeltaorKalahariDesert,forexample,nolongerimpliesa

selfsupportedexpedition.Fieldstationspopupinimportantnationalparksandremotesensingbysatellitebees

monplace.（例如，訪問奧卡萬戈三角洲或卡拉哈里沙漠，就不再意味著自力更生的探險(xiǎn)。在重要的國家公

園里都會(huì)出現(xiàn)野外觀測站，利用衛(wèi)星進(jìn)行遙感也會(huì)變得很普遍。戶可推知，在技術(shù)的幫助下，野外探險(xiǎn)更

加容易到達(dá)，故選B。

3.詞句猜測題。劃線詞組上文講到"VisitingtheOkavangoDeltaorKalahariDesert,forexample,nolonger

impliesaselfsupportedexpedition.（例如，參觀奧卡萬戈三角洲或卡拉哈里沙漠，不再意味著自力更生的探

險(xiǎn)。）”可知，野外探險(xiǎn)不再是自力更生的探險(xiǎn)，因此推斷劃線詞組所在句子“Fieldstationsinimportant

nationalparksandremotesensingbysatellitebeesmonplace.”的意思是：在重要的國家公園里出現(xiàn)了野外觀測

站，衛(wèi)星遙感變得司空見慣。說明在在技術(shù)的幫助下，野外探險(xiǎn)容易了，可知第三段中帶下劃線的部分的

意思是“突然出現(xiàn)“，故選A。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Basedonmyownresearchexpeditionwhichaimstounderstand"edgeeffects"

一howthechangesintemperatureatforestedgesimpactanimals,Ifinditimportantthattoday'sscientists

continuetospendtimeinthefield.Itisherethattheybegintounderstandhowseeminglyunrelatedenvironmental

interactionsinfluencetheirstudysystem.Sometimes,ifsdifficulttoknowwhichisimportanttomeasureuntil

youstandouttherecmtheforestedge.（根據(jù)我自己的研究考察，目的是了解“邊緣效應(yīng)”---森林邊緣溫度的

變化如何影響動(dòng)物，我發(fā)現(xiàn)今天的科學(xué)家繼續(xù)花時(shí)間在這個(gè)領(lǐng)域是很重要的。正是在這里，他們開始理解

看似無關(guān)的環(huán)境相互作用如何影響他們的學(xué)習(xí)系統(tǒng)。有時(shí)候，在你站在森林邊緣之前，很難知道哪個(gè)是重

要的測量值。）”可推知，作者在研究探險(xiǎn)之后意識(shí)到了科學(xué)家實(shí)地考察的意義。故選A。

4.（2023?廣東惠州?統(tǒng)考二模）

Foryears,learningtospeakCantonesewasnotthathardinSanFrancisco.ItisaplacewhereCantonese

speakersfromSouthChinahavemovedforover150years.Butnow,thereisfearthattheCantoneselanguageand

culturemightnotsurvivepresentsocialchanges.Cantoneseisspokenbysome85millionpeopleworldwide.In

parison,therearearound1billionMandarin（orPutonghua）speakers.

InBritain,asintheU.S.,mostschoolsthatofferChineseusuallyteachMandarin.Asaresult,manyfamilies

arestrugglingtofindwaystopassontheirCantoneselanguageandculture.CeciPangrunsclassesforchildrenat

RainbowSeedsCantoneseSchoolinLondon."Manyparentswanttheirkidstobeabletomunicatewiththeir

grandparents,9,shesaid."It'sjustsohardhere,therearesofewlearningresourcesandlotsofparentsgetupset.

Thafsusuallythepointtheparentsetome.”

InChina,thereareCantonesetelevisionprogramsaswellasCantoneseannouncementsonpublictransport.

InHongKong,however,Cantoneseremainsthecity'stoplanguage.Itisusedby90percentofthepopulation

accordingtoanassistantprofessorattheEducationUniversityofHongKong.

ItisadifferentstoryintheU.S.TheteachingofCantonesehasdecreasedsomewhat,includinginSan

Francisco,acitythathasdrawnmanyCantonesespeakersovertheyears.TheSanFranciscoschoolsystemhas

CantoneseandMandarinprogramsforyoungerstudents.Butinhighschool,MandarinistheonlyChinese

languageavailable.Thisspring,someindependentChineseschoolsarehelpingtoteachthelanguageas

Cantonesespeakingmunitiesgrow.AleydaPoehasbeenmanagingtheCantonesekindergartenatMeritChinese

SchoolinPlano,Texas,formorethan10years.Poeputhertwosonsintheschoolsothattheycouldlearnabout

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Cantoneselanguageandculture.Now,sheishelpingotherfamiliesdothesame.

12.WhataretheCantonesespeakersworriedabout?

A.SurvivalofCantoneselanguageandculture.B.IncreasingsocialchangesinSanFrancisco.

C.MoreandmoreMandarinspeakersworldwide.D.LessCantonesespeakersinSouthChina.

13.HowdoesCeciPanghelptohandleCantoneselearninginLondon?

A.Byvisitingandtalkingwithlocalfamilies.B.Byorganizinglanguageclassesforkids

C.ByreducingChinesecultureteachingatschoolsD.Byusingunlimitedonlineresources

14.WhatisimpliedaboutCantoneselearningbothinChinaandtheU.S.?

A.SanFranciscoisacitywiththemostCantoneselearners

B.Cantoneseislearntby90percentofthepopulationinChina

C.LearningresourcesandopportunitiesarelimitedintheU.S.

D.TherearenoCantoneselearningprogramsinSanFrancisco

15.Whichcanbethesuitabletitleforthetext?

A.ImportancetoimproveCantoneselearningglobally.

B.CurrentstatusofCantoneselearningoverseas

C.AbriefintroductiontoCantoneselearninghistoryinU.S.

D.DebatesbetweenCantoneseandMandarinlearning

【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.B

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了海外學(xué)習(xí)粵語的現(xiàn)狀和存在的問題。

12.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第——段中“Butnow,thereisfearthattheCantoneselanguageandculturemightnotsurvive

presentsocialchanges.（但現(xiàn)在，有人擔(dān)心粵語和粵語文化可能無法在當(dāng)前的社會(huì)變革中生存下來）“可知，說

粵語的人在擔(dān)心粵語和粵語文化的保存。故選A。

13.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“CeciPangrunsclassesforchildrenatRainbowSeedsCantoneseSchoolin

London.（CeciPang在倫敦彩虹種子粵語學(xué)校為孩子們開設(shè)課程）”可知，CeciPang為孩子們組織語言課程來

幫助學(xué)生在倫敦學(xué)習(xí)粵語。故選B。

14.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“InBritain,asintheU.S.,mostschoolsthatofferChineseusuallyteachMandarin.

Asaresult,manyfamiliesarestrugglingtofindwaystopassontheirCantoneselanguageandculture.（在英國，和

美國一樣，大多數(shù)提供漢語的學(xué)校通常教授普通話。因此，許多家庭都在努力尋找方法來傳承他們的粵語

和文化。）”和最后一段"ItisadifferentstoryintheU.S.TheteachingofCantonesehasdecreasedsomewhat,

includinginSanFrancisco,acitythathasdrawnmanyCantonesespeakersovertheyears.TheSanFrancisco

schoolsystemhasCantoneseandMandarinprogramsforyoungerstudents.Butinhighschool,Mandarinisthe

onlyChineselanguageavailable.（美國的情況則不同。粵語教學(xué)有所減少，包括在舊金山，這座城市多年來

吸引了許多講粵語的人。舊金山的學(xué)校系統(tǒng)為低年級(jí)學(xué)生開設(shè)了粵語和普通話課程。但在高中，普通話是

唯一可用的中文）”可推知，有關(guān)粵語，在美國，學(xué)習(xí)資源和機(jī)會(huì)是有限的。故選C。

15.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"Foryears,learningtospeakCantonesewasnotthathardinSanFrancisco.（多年

來，在舊金山學(xué)廣東話并不是那么難）”以及第二段“InBritain,asintheU.S.,mostschoolsthatofferChinese

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usuallyteachMandarin.Asaresult,manyfamiliesarestrugglingtofindwaystopassontheirCantoneselanguage

andculture.（在英國，就像在美國一樣，大多數(shù)提供中文課程的學(xué)校通常都教授普通話。因此，許多家庭都

在努力尋找傳承粵語和廣東文化的方法）”結(jié)合文章主要說明了海外學(xué)習(xí)粵語的現(xiàn)狀和存在的問題。可知，

B選項(xiàng)“海外學(xué)習(xí)粵語的現(xiàn)狀”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。

5.（2023?廣東?高三校聯(lián)考階段練習(xí)）

Haveyoueverfanciedatennislessonfromoneoftheworld'sgreatesttennisplayersatyourlocalcourt?

Thisdreamcametruefortwoyoungplayers,whogottotrainwith20yearoldsuperstarEmmaRaducanu

aftersheappearedasahologram-aphotographicrecordingoftheimage.WhileSamClague,14,andDiamond

Paisley,12,werebothinLondon,theBritishnumberonewasinAbuDhabi.

Duringtheworld'sfirstholographiclesson,MsRaducanu'savatarappearedtofeedballstotheplayersand

gavelivefeedbackontheirshots,like"thatwasfastandtherewaslotsoftopspinonthat”.EvenSamsaidhe

thoughtshehadbeenprerecordedatfirstuntilshespokewithhimdirectly.

Theirholographictrainingsessionoffersaglimpseintohowadvancingtechnologycouldrevolutionizetennis

coaching,accordingtoDrIanPearson.

DrPearsonthinksthatmixedrealityheadsetswillsoonallowtennisplayerstofeeltheyareplayingin

unusualvirtualenvironments,likeonaspacestationorthemiddleofalakeThrough5G,thefutureoftenniswill

seeincreasedinteractionbetweenreallifetenniscourtsandtherichimaginationweseeinputergamesplaying

whenever,whereverandwhoeveryouwant.

Fullsensoryvirtualrealitycouldevenplacetheviewerinsidethetennisplayer'sshoesinrealtime.Dr

Pearsonsaid:"By2030,withactiveskintechnology,theplayingstylesandeventhesensationsoftoplevelplayers

couldbecaptured,sothatanyonecouldexperiencehowitactuallyfelttoplaythatgamethroughfullsensory

virtualreality.^^

Finally,sportswearmadefromsmartmaterialscouldallowforadigitalcoachpoweredbyartificial

intelligence（AI）toprovidefeedbackonaplayer'sform.DrPearsonsaid:"Alcontrolledsuitsmadefromsmart

materials,suchasfabricswithsensors,canhelpplayersfindtheperfectstrokewhenhittingorreturningaserve

byquicklylearningthemusclememoryofaflawlessforehand.UsingdirectfeedbackfromfriendlyvirtualAI

coaches,newplayerscandevelopandlearnmuchmorequickly.^^

16.WhatdidMsRaducanudointhefirstholographiclesson?

A.Giveplayersarealtimeguidance.B.Requireplayerstofollowhershots.

C.Recordcoachingcontentsinadvance.D.Shareherexperiencesthroughthehologram.

17.Whatcanfullsensoryvirtualrealitymakeviewersdo?

A.Increasetheirimaginationofsports.B.Taketheplaceoftoplevelplayers.

C.Experiencethefeelingofplayersonthespot.D.Haveasenseofplayinginanunusualplace.

18.WhafsDrPearson'sattitudetowardsvirtualAIcoaches?

A.Critical.B.Skeptical.C.Cautious.D.Favorable.

19.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Thefutureofcoaching.B.ThethreatfromAItocoaches.

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C.Thefirstlivecoachingonline.D.Theappearanceofdigitalcoaches.

【答案】16.A17.C18.D19.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。講述了先進(jìn)的技術(shù)如何給網(wǎng)球教練帶來革命性的變化，使網(wǎng)球的新球員可以更快

地發(fā)展和學(xué)習(xí)。

16.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"Duringtheworld'sfirstholographiclesson,MsRaducanu'savatarappearedtofeed

ballstotheplayersandgavelivefeedbackontheirshots,like"thatwasfastandtherewaslotsoftopspinonthat”.

EvenSamsaidhethoughtshehadbeenprerecordedatfirstuntilshespokewithhimdirectly.（在世界上第一堂全

息課程中，拉杜卡努女士的化身出現(xiàn)在球員面前，給他們運(yùn)球，并對他們的擊球給出實(shí)時(shí)反饋，比如“這

個(gè)球很快，有很多上旋球”。連山姆都說，一開始他以為她是被預(yù)先錄好的，直到她直接和他說話）”可知，

Raducanu女士在第一節(jié)全息課上給球員一個(gè)實(shí)時(shí)的指導(dǎo)。故選A。

17.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“By2030,withactiveskintechnology,theplayingstylesandeventhe

sensationsoftoplevelplayerscouldbecaptured,sothatanyonecouldexperiencehowitactuallyfelttoplaythat

gamethroughfullsensoryvirtualreality.（到2030年，有了主動(dòng)皮膚技術(shù)，頂級(jí)球員的游戲風(fēng)格甚至感覺都可

以被捕捉到，這樣任何人都可以通過全感官虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)體驗(yàn)到打球的真實(shí)感受）”可知，全感官虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)能讓

觀眾現(xiàn)場體驗(yàn)球員的感受。故選C。

18.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"DrPearsonsaid:"Alcontrolledsuitsmadefromsmartmaterials,suchasfabrics

withsensors,canhelpplayersfindtheperfectstrokewhenhittingorreturningaservebyquicklylearningthe

musclememoryofaflawlessforehand.UsingdirectfeedbackfromfriendlyvirtualAIcoaches,newplayerscan

developandlearnmuchmorequickly.”（皮爾森博士說：“由智能材料制成的人工智能控制的比賽服，比如帶

有傳感器的織物，可以幫助球員在擊球或回發(fā)球時(shí)快速學(xué)習(xí)完美正手的肌肉記憶，從而找到完美的擊球方

式。使用友好的虛擬人工智能教練的直接反饋，新球員可以更快地發(fā)展和學(xué)習(xí)。可知，皮爾森博士認(rèn)為

虛擬人工智能教練能使新球員可以更快地發(fā)展和學(xué)習(xí)，所以他的態(tài)度是贊成的。故選D。

19.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Theirholographictrainingsessionoffersaglimpseintohowadvancingtechnology

couldrevolutionizetenniscoaching,accordingtoDrIanPearson.（伊恩?皮爾森博士說，他們的全息訓(xùn)練課程讓

人們得以一窺先進(jìn)的技術(shù)如何給網(wǎng)球教練帶來革命性的變化）”以及縱觀全文主要講述了科技的發(fā)展，為網(wǎng)

球教練帶來完全不一樣的改變，即教練的未來。故選A。

6.（2023?河北張家口?高三統(tǒng)考期末）

Chemicalstakenfromsawdust（鋸屑）andwatercanknockoutmorethan99percentofsomediseasecausing

microbes（微生物）.Thatmakesthesawdustmixapotentialalternativetocurrentmicrobekillingchemicals.

Manydisinfectants（V肖毒齊!j）usedtodaycanharmtheenvironment.Theyformpoisonousbyproductswhen

theygetwashed.Somepotentiallygreenerdisinfectantsexist.Theyrelyonachemicalcalled"phenol（苯酚）

Butthesecleanerscanbecostlyandtakealotofenergytomake.

ShichengZhangwentsearchingforabetteroption.He'sanenvironmentalengineeratFudanUniversityin

Shanghai,China.Woodcontainsmanymolecules（分子）thatlooklikephenol.SoZhangwonderedif

microbekillingchemicalscouldbeobtainedfromsawdustthroughalowcostandlowenergyprocess.

E.colihisfellowresearcherscookedmixturesofwaterandsawdustforonehour.Theyheatedthissawdust

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soupunderpressure,andthenfilteredit.Later,theytestedhowwelltheliquidkilledoffmicrobes.Thisliquid

wipedoutE.colibacteria-microbesthatcancau