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教材知識講練選擇性必修第三冊UNIT3
ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTION續寫語料積累背誦·句之美欣賞·語之秀1.(行為描寫)Lungsnearlybursting,Istruggledtoliftmyheadoutofthewater.2.(神態描寫)Surveyingthebrokendoor,Ifeltmytearsflowingdownmyfaceandmyeyesrapidlybecomingswollen.3.(人物描寫)Shewasprettywithsmoothhair,alwayswearingabrightsmile.Imurmuredtomyself,doubtscrowdinginonme.Iwasabouttosneakoutwhenmyfriendsreachedouttheirarmsandembracedmetightly.“Ofcourse!”theyrespondedenthusiastically,tearsofjoybrimmingintheireyes.語基自主檢測·目標確立核心單詞1.__________vt.&n.排放;釋放;發布2.____________vt.&vi.播送;廣播;傳播
n.
廣播節目;電視節目3.________vi.&vt.改革;(使)改正;改造
n.改革;變革;改良4.________n.量;體積;(成套書籍中的)一卷5.__________vt.恢復;使復原;修復6._______n.(一)打;十二個7.______vt.對……處以罰款releasebroadcastreformvolumerestoredozen
fine核心單詞8._______n.趨勢;趨向;動向9.________n.政策;方針;原則10.______n.燃料;刺激性言行vt.給……提供燃料;增加;刺激11.____________n.章程;規章制度12.________vt.&vi.提交;呈遞;屈服trendpolicyfuelregulationsubmit語境運用(用所給詞的適當形式填空)1.Thelibraryhousesmultiple__________(volume)ofbooksonawiderangeofbooks,cateringtothediverseinterestsofreaders.2.(2024·新課標Ⅰ卷)HabitatRestorationTeamvolunteersplayavitalrolein____________(restore)sensitiveresourcesandprotectingendangeredspeciesacrosstheridgesandvalleys.3.Thefactorykeeps____________(release)smoke,makingtheairdirty.4.Olderdriversaremorelikelytobreakthespeedlimitandbeatriskofgetting_______(fine).volumesrestoringreleasingfined語境運用(用所給詞的適當形式填空)5.Thekeyto____________(reform)highereducationistochangepeople'straditionalideas.6.Mostofthe___________(policy)haveprovedeffectiveinaddressingtheissuestheyweredesignedtosolve.7.(2024·新課標Ⅱ
卷)Asafoodie,thewaytomyheartisthroughmystomach,andnowhere_______(fuel)myappetitequitelikeItaly.8.Theconcert______________________(broadcast)worldwideattractedaboutonebilliontelevisionviewers.9.(2024·新課標Ⅰ卷)Ifyouwanttobepublished,it'svital___________(submit)aperfect,professionallypresentedmanuscript(原稿).reformingpoliciesfuelsbroadcast/broadcastedtosubmit派生單詞1.starvevi.&vt.(使)挨餓;餓死→______________n.餓死;挨餓→___________adj.餓極了的;餓得慌的2.sustainvt.維持;遭受;承受住→_______________adj.可持續的;合理利用的3.sensen.感覺;意義;判斷力
vt.意識到→____________adj.敏感的;善解人意的;靈敏的→___________adj.明智的;合理的4.conservevt.保護;保存→________________n.對(環境、文物等)保護;保持→________________adj.保守的;因循守舊的starvationstarvingsustainablesensitivesensibleconservationconservative派生單詞5.inspectvt.視察;檢查→______________n.檢查;查看;視察→____________n.檢查員6.toleratevt.忍受;包容;容許→___________adj.容忍的→____________n.忍耐;寬容inspectioninspectortoleranttolerance語境運用(用所給詞的適當形式填空)1.Millionsofanimalsinthisareaarefacing______________thiswinter.Iftheyfailtofindenoughfood,manywill________todeath.(starve)2.Tomwasvery____________abouthisweight.Whenhe________thatotherstudentswerelaughingathim,hewouldfailtostay___________andconflictswouldbreakout.(sense)3.Ata________________estimate,itwillcostmillionsofdollarstocarryouthiswildlife________________project,whichaimstohelpsomeAfricancountries___________theirwildspecies.(conserve)starvationstarvesensitivesensedsensibleconservativeconservationconserve語境運用(用所給詞的適當形式填空)4.Acustoms____________hastherighttothoroughly__________apassenger'sluggageandpeoplewhoarenotfoundcarryingprohibiteditemsafterthe______________willbeletpass.(inspect)5.Iadmireyouforyour_________,becauseyoutendtobe___________ofthingsthatotherpeoplecannot___________.(tolerate)inspectorinspectinspectiontolerancetoleranttolerate高頻短語1.________________代表(代替)某人2.____________許多;很多3.______________和……一起4.________最終;結果;到頭來5.___________________和諧;與……和諧相處;與……協調一致6.____________實施;執行;實行onbehalfofdozensof
alongwithendupinharmonywithcarryout語境運用(選用左欄短語的適當形式填空)1.(2024·浙江1月卷)Thisunbeatablepricepointencouragedmetoexperimentwith____________titlesthatIwouldnevernormallyconsiderbuying.2.Iwillparticipateinthenationaldancingcompetition______________myschool.3.Onlywhenwelearntoexist____________________naturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.dozensofonbehalfofinharmonywith語境運用(選用左欄短語的適當形式填空)4.Themusician______________hisbandmembershasgiventenperformancesinthelastthreemonths.5.“Driverlesscarsmay________beingaformofpublictransportratherthanvehiclesyouown,”saysanexpert.alongwithendup原句結構辨識寫作佳句背誦1.Thereisno/littledoubtthat...ThereislittledoubtthatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.毫無疑問,這項活動提高了我們的安全意識,還使我們掌握了實用的生存技能。___________________thisactivitynotonlyraisedourawarenessofsafetybutalsoequippeduswithpracticalskillsofsurvival.(應用文之報道)Thereisnodoubtthat原句結構辨識寫作佳句背誦2.without表含蓄條件用于虛擬語氣Withoutthisprocess,Earthcouldnotsustainlife.沒有你及時的幫助,我不可能度過那段困難的時光。Withoutyourtimelyhelp,I__________________________thetoughtimes.(應用文之感謝信)couldn'thavegonethrough考點歸納探究·精準講練1.restrict
vt.限制;限定;束縛①Most3Dfoodprintersnow_____________(restrict)todryingredients,becausemeatandmilkproductsmayeasilygobad.②Publictransportisrestrictedto________(have)onlyonepassengerperseat,ensuringthedistancebetweenpassengers.③Tokeepslim,Irestrictmyself___threeappleseachday.arerestrictedhavingto(普通表達)Keepinmindthatspeedislimitedto30mphintowns.(高級表達)Keepinmindthatspeedis____________to30mphintowns.
restrict...to...把……限制在……范圍內
restrict...tosb限制某人的……
restrictsbto(doing)sth限制/約束某人(做)……
berestrictedto...只限于……
restrictionn.限制;約束;制約因素restricted
restrictmyselftoonecupofcoffeeaday限制自己每天喝一杯咖啡
restrictpublicaccesstothehills限制公眾進山
restrictthenumberofstudentsperclasstofifty每個班的學生人數限定為50人2.seize
vt.[課本義]抓住;奪取;控制[增補義]突然為(情緒)支配(或控制)①Dadbroughtanotebookalongtothebeach,incasehe_____________(seize)bysuddeninspiration.②__________(seize)therobberbythecollar,thepolicemendraggedhimoutofhisvehicle.③Newspapersseized_____________theresultsasproofthatglobalwarmingwasn'treallyhappening.wasseizedSeizingon/upon一看到父親臉上陰云密布,我就感到惶恐不安。I_______________________themomentIsawmyfather'scloudyface.
seizesbbythe...抓住某人的……
seizesthfromsb從某人手中奪取某物
seizeon/upon...抓住/利用……;突然對……大為關注
beseizedwith/by被(情感)控制;禁不住(某種情感)wasseizedby/withpanic
seizethepreciousopportunity抓住這一寶貴的機會
seizehimbythearm抓住他的胳膊
beseizedbycuriosity好奇心頓起3.submit
vt.&vi.提交;呈遞;屈服①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Anessaynot____________(submit)inclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.②IfIsubmitted_________(I)totheirdemands,theywoulddropthechargesagainstme.③Indesperation,MrsJonessubmitted___anoperationonherrightkneetorelievethepain.submittedmyselfto與兒子爭論了數小時后,她不得不屈服于兒子的選擇。Shehadto_______________________________afterarguingwithhimforhours.
submitsthtosb把某物呈交或提交給某人
submit(oneself)tosb/sth屈服于……;不得已接受……submitherselftoherson'schoice
refusetosubmittothreats拒不接受威脅
submittheplantothecommitteeforapproval把計劃送交委員會批準
submithimselftoasearchbytheguard不得不接受衛兵的搜查4.tolerate
vt.忍受;包容;容許①Beingabad-temperedman,hewouldnottolerate________(have)hislecturesinterrupted.②Ifneighbourswanttogetalongwellwitheachother,theyhavetoshowtheir____________(tolerate).③Myparentsarealwaystolerant___mybadtemper.havingtoleranceof對疼痛的忍受力因人而異。①Theability________________________variesfrompersontoperson.(tolerant)②_______________________variesfrompersontoperson.(tolerance)
tolerate(sb)doingsth容忍/忍受(某人)做某事
betolerantof...容忍……;忍耐……
tolerancen.寬容;容忍;忍受
tolerantadj.寬容的;容忍的tobetolerantofpainThetolerancetopain
tolerateworkinglonghours忍受長時間的工作
betolerantofdifferentpointsofview容忍不同的觀點
haveno/littletoleranceforjokesofanykind容不得開任何玩笑5.
[教材原句]Accordingtothescientistswhofounditsdeadbody,allthatremainedofthepolarbearwas“skinandbones”.據發現其尸體的科學家稱,這頭北極熊僅剩下了“皮膚和骨頭”。①(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)_________willremainofuswhenartificialintelligencetakesoverwillbeourcreativity.②Afterthefire,nothingremained___themagnificentbuildingsofthetemple.③Onemorning,afamilystoppedatthestallandbeggedtouseall______remainedofthefireinthestovetocooksomething.Whatofthat亨利是一個干凈利落的人,他的實驗服很潔凈,所剩不多的頭發也被精心地梳理并分開。Henrywasaneatman,hislabcoatcleanand______________________combedandpartedprecisely.whatremainedofhishair
教材原句中的allthatremainedofthepolarbear短語在句中作主語。allthatremains/remainedofsth意為“某東西所剩下的;某東西的殘余;廢墟”,亦可寫成whatremains/remainedofsth,此短語在句中常作主語、賓語或表語。另外,nothingremainsofsth是固定說法,意為“某東西什么都沒剩下;蕩然無存”。Allthatremainedofthestonewallswasweather-beatenandovergrownwithweeds.剩下的石墻飽經風霜,雜草叢生。6.[教材原句]Previously,waterqualityintheLiRiverhadsufferedgreatlyfromanincreasingvolumeoftourists,manyofwhomfrequentlythrewgarbageintotheriver.以往,漓江的水質因游客量的增長遭到了嚴重破壞,一些游客頻繁將垃圾扔入江中。①(2023·新課標Ⅱ卷改)WorkinginthegardenseemstohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo'sstudents,manyof______haveemotionalcontrolissues.②BeforetheCivilWar,schoolsoperatedononeoftwocalendars,___whichneitherincludedasummervacation.③SuchpoetsasShakespearearewidelyread,of_______works,however,someareverydifficulttounderstand.whomofwhose數十人在事故中喪生,其中有幾個是6歲以下的兒童。①Dozensofpeoplegotkilledintheaccident,____________________________________________________.(定語從句)②Dozensofpeoplegotkilledintheaccident,______________________________.(獨立主格結構)someofwhom/ofwhomsomewerechildrenunder6someofthemchildrenunder6在非限制性定語從句中,常可用含有關系代詞which/whom的短語作引導詞,如someofwhich/whom,manyofwhich/whom,bothofwhich/whom,neitherofwhich/whom,eitherofwhich/whom,30%ofwhich/whom等,有時還可把ofwhich/whom置于some,many,both等詞前。Boatswerecrammedwithhotandangryholidaymakers,someofwhomhadwaitedforuptotwodaystocross.船上滿是情緒激動、怒氣沖沖的度假者,有些人等船渡河已經等了兩天了。7.[教材原句]Withthesemeasures,itisbelievedthatthebeautyoftheLiRiverwillbepreservedforgenerationstocome.有了這些措施,
相信漓江之美將得到保護并世代相傳。①It'swidelybelieved______thestoneblocksweremovedtothepyramidsitebyslidingthemonsmoothpaths.②It_______________(expect)thatAmericandemandforaupairswillcontinuetoriseinthenextfewyears.③He'snotreadytoretire,buthe'sfoundanewhobbytokeephishandsskillfulintheyears__________(come).thatisexpectedtocome中國的家庭在未來幾年將變得更加富裕。①FamiliesinChinawillbecomebetteroff______________________________.(使用動詞-ing形式)②FamiliesinChinawillbecomebetteroff_______________________________.(使用不定式)inthecoming/followingyearsintheyearstocome/tofollowitisbelievedthat...意為“人們相信,據信,據說”,是常見句式,其中it是形式主語。類似的說法還有:itisthought/expected/reported/said/calculatedthat...。另外,generationstocome意為“子孫后代,世世代代”,不定式tocome作后置定語修飾generations,類似表達還有:theyearstocome/follow“今后幾年”。WeChinesepeoplearefirmlycommittedtopreservingtheecologicalenvironmentforallgenerationstocome.我們中國人民堅定地致力于為子孫后代保護生態環境。多維強基固本·達標訓練Ⅰ.用所給詞的正確形式填空。1.“Lookout,boy,”sheshouted,__________(seize)myarmtoholdmeback.2.Thoughshedidn'tlikeit,shefinallysubmitted__________(she)toherparents'decision.3.Itisreportedthataspacestationwillbebuiltonthemooninyears__________(come).seizingherselftocome4.Fewcountrieswouldtolerateanybody___________(carry)outillegalandcriminalactivitiesopenlyorsecretly.5.Teddiscoveredmanylongpoems____________(submit)forpoetrycompetitionwerecomposedoncomputers.6.Trafficpolicetemporarilyliftedthespeed_____________(restrict)onthissectionoftheroadduringtheSpringFestival.carryingsubmittedrestrictionⅡ.在空白處填入一個適當的詞。1.Mostadolescentsbelievethattheymustbetolerant___differencesamongindividuals.2.Accesstotheclubisrestricted___membersonly,onafirst-come-first-servedbasis,ofcourse.3.Hetrippedover______remainedofthecollapsedwallsandhadoneofhisanklesseriouslyinjured.4.Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears,noneof_______hasbeenproved.oftowhatwhichⅢ.熟詞生義(選出黑體詞在句中的漢語意思)1.(2021·全國甲卷)ItwasbuiltoriginallytoprotectthecityintheTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored.___A.修復
B.康復
C.歸還2.(2020·全國Ⅱ卷)Frequentthemandtalkaboutthemwhenyoucan.___A.經常發生的;頻繁的
B.常去;常到C.熟悉的;親密的AB3.Climatechangewillfuelthegrowthofphytoplanktoninsomeareas,whilereducingitinotherspots,leadingtochangesintheocean'sappearance.___A.給……提供燃料B.給(交通工具)加油C.刺激CⅣ.長難語句(分析句子的結構并翻譯成漢語)1.(2022·全國乙卷)Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitivetoalltheadditionaltimedemandsplacedonthefriendwhohasmoved.本句是一個復合句,可簡化為:Thefriend...needstobesensitivetoall...demands...。句中有兩個由who引導的_____從句,修飾friend;placedonthefriend是過去分詞作_____修飾demands;demandsplacedonthefriend意為“朋友提出的要求”。另外,sensitive在此處作“體諒;體貼”解。[嘗試翻譯]___________________________________________________________________________________________定語定語
留下的朋友需要體諒搬走的朋友提出的所有額外時間要求。2.(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)TheDigital
Worldisasetofvolumesthataimtodescribehowdigitalsystemsinfluencesocietyandhelpreadersunderstandthenatureofdigitalsystemsandtheirmanyinteractingparts.本句是一個復合句,可簡化為:TheDigital
Worldisasetofvolumesthataimtodescribe...andhelpreadersunderstand...。句中的that引導_______從句,修飾volumes,且從句中用了_______謂語aim...andhelp...。另外,how引導______從句,作describe的賓語。[嘗試翻譯]____________________________________________________________________________________________________________定語并列賓語
《數字世界》是一套書,旨在描述數字系統如何影響社會并幫助讀者了解數字系統的基本性質及其許多的聯動部件。寫作提能培優·進階訓練Step1.單句寫作(利用本單元知識補全所給英文句子)①全球氣候變暖已成為地球生態的巨大威脅。Globalwarminghasbecome_____________________________.②極地的冰正在融化,生活在這里的動物快要餓死了,因為宜居的區域越來越小。Thepolarice___________,andtheanimalshere___________________because_____________________________________.ahugethreattotheearth'secologyismeltingarestarvingtodeaththehabitableareasaregettingsmaller③全球氣候變暖導致海平面上升,極端天氣頻繁發生。Globalwarmingleadstotheriseofsealeveland______________________________________.④這些都給人們的和諧生活帶來了挑戰。Allthesehavebroughtchallenges__________________________.⑤各國政府要制定合適的政策,采取有效措施來應對這一嚴重的局面。Governmentsshould_________________________andtakeeffectivemeasurestodealwiththisserioussituation.thefrequentoccurrenceofextremeweathertopeople'sharmoniouslifemakeappropriatepolicies⑥人類要減少化石燃料的消耗,限制二氧化碳的排放,這可以減少“人造”溫室效應對地球的影響。Humanbeingsshould__________________________________________________________________________,whichcanreducetheimpactofthe“man-made”greenhouseeffectontheplanet.reducetheconsumptionoffossilfuelsandrestricttheemissionofcarbondioxideStep2.銜接成文(利用恰當的過渡銜接詞語連句成篇)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Globalwarminghasbecomeahugethreattotheearth'secology.Thepolariceisme
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