第一部分

教材知識(shí)講練必修第三冊(cè)UNIT4

SPACEEXPLORATION續(xù)寫語(yǔ)料積累背誦·句之美欣賞·語(yǔ)之秀1.(心理描寫)Iwantedtoexpressmyheartfeltgratitudetohimbutwordsgotstuckinmythroat.2.(行為描寫)Henoddedandexchangedadeterminedglancewithher,whichtimelyputherheartbackinplace.3.(人物描寫)Slimandbeautiful,shewasthecentreofthehome,thegluethatheldittogether.Seeinghisgrandsons,Grandpawaswildwithjoyandtriedtogetupwithallhisstrengthfromthechairbutinvain.Ahelplessexpressionflashedonhisface.Grandmaexplainedthathishealthwasdecliningrapidlyandmaybecouldn'tstanduponhisownforever.語(yǔ)基自主檢測(cè)·目標(biāo)確立核心單詞1.________vt.&n.發(fā)射；發(fā)起；上市2._______n.軌道；勢(shì)力范圍

vt.&vi.沿軌道運(yùn)行；環(huán)繞……運(yùn)行3.________vt.&vi.標(biāo)志著；標(biāo)明；發(fā)信號(hào)；示意

n.信號(hào)；標(biāo)志4.__________vt.回收利用；再利用5.______n.缺乏；短缺

vt.沒有；缺乏6.________n.(政府的)專門機(jī)構(gòu)；服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)；代理處launchorbit

signalrecyclelackagency核心單詞7._______vi.浮動(dòng)；漂流；漂浮

vt.使浮動(dòng)；使漂流8.__________n.監(jiān)視器；監(jiān)測(cè)儀

vt.監(jiān)視；監(jiān)測(cè)；監(jiān)控9.___________n.資源；財(cái)力；物力10.___________n.設(shè)施；設(shè)備11.__________n.模式；圖案；模范floatmonitor

resourcefacility

pattern語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用(用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)1.Hepointedtothechairinfrontofhim,_________________________(signal)totheintervieweetosit.2.Aftermailservicestopsduetoextremeweather,the______________(agency)toppriorityisensuringthatemployeesaresafe.3.Forthose__________(lack)self-confidence,thisspecialtrainingprogramwillbeofgreatbenefit.4.Chinaisalreadyoneoftheonlythreenations____________________(launch)mannedspacecraftontheirown.signaling/signallingagency'slackingtohavelaunched語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用(用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)5.Wefloataroundintheairandtheslightesttouchmaysendus___________(float)offintheoppositedirection.6.Wewouldmake100canstostartwith,andthenreplacethemoverandoveragainwith___________(recycle)cans.7.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andother____________(resource)usedtogrowit.8.Anasteroidisbasicallyasmallrockyobject___________(orbit)thesun,smallerthanaplanetoradwarfplanet.floatingrecycledresourcesorbiting派生單詞1.intelligencen.智力；智慧→_______________adj.有智慧的；聰明的；有智力的2.disappointvt.使失望→________________adj.失望的；沮喪的→________________adj.令人失望的；令人沮喪的→______________n.失望；沮喪3.dependvi.依靠；依賴；取決于→____________adj.依賴的；依靠的→_____________adv.依賴地；從屬地；有癮地→_____________n.依賴；依靠→______________n.獨(dú)立；自主→_______________adj.獨(dú)立的；自立的→__________________adv.獨(dú)立地；自立地intelligentdisappointeddisappointingdisappointmentdependentdependentlydependenceindependenceindependentindependently派生單詞4.regularadj.定期的；經(jīng)常的；正常的

n.常客；老主顧→____________adv.經(jīng)常；定期地5.limitvt.限制；限定n.界限；限度→__________adj.有限的→______________n.起限制作用的規(guī)則；限制；局限r(nóng)egularlylimitedlimitation語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用(用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)1.Childrenarenotbornwithequal______________,butdullonescanbecomeas_______________asothersiftaughtproperly.(intelligent)2.Tomanypeople's__________________,theswimmer'sperformanceinthe1,500-meterfreestyleatthe2020OlympicGameswasreally________________.Buthehimselfwasn't_______________nottohavereachedthefinal,sayingthathedecidedtotrainevenharderandwouldnot______________hisfansinthenextgame.(disappoint)intelligenceintelligentdisappointmentdisappointing.disappointeddisappoint語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用(用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)3.____________onasurvey,Tunisiacannotevenproducebasicdailyproducts_______________,andthecountry'seconomicgrowthhasbeenheavily___________ontourismsinceits________________.(depend)4.TheBrownsare___________atourrestaurant,whocomehereforsupper____________.Ofcourse,wegivethese__________customersadiscountonalltheirorders.(regular)5.WeiFangknowsthatfrequentlytakingweightlosspillsmayhave_______________.Toloseweight,theonlythingshecandoistohaveherdiet__________tofruitsandvegetables.(limit)Dependingindependentlydependentindependenceregularsregularlyregularlimitationslimited

高頻短語(yǔ)1.___________繼續(xù)做；堅(jiān)持干2.___________在宇宙飛船上；在船上；在飛機(jī)上3.________________________抱著……的希望4.__________________為了；以便5.______________弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白6._______________所以；結(jié)果(是)7.___________________為某人提供生活所需8.__________用完；耗盡carryononboardinthehopeofdoingsthsoasto(dosth)figureoutasaresultprovideforsbrunout語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用(選用左欄短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空)1.She'dhaveenoughmoney___________________herchildrenuntilshecouldfindwork.2.I'mafraidyouwillmissthedeadline,astimeis_______________.3.Collegeiswhenweshouldfocusonaspecificmajor,buthighschooliswhenwehaveto______________whatwe'llmajorin.4.Theclimberskeptonmovingupward___________________reachingthetopwithonelasteffort.toprovideforrunningoutfigureoutinthehopeof語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用(選用左欄短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空)5.Theydecided_______________withtheirexperimentdespitethestrongoppositionfromsomeotherscientists.6.Thecaptainrefusedtoleavehissinkingshipwhiletherewereothers___________.tocarryononboard原句結(jié)構(gòu)辨識(shí)寫作佳句背誦1.過去分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)ThenShenzhou6and7completedasecondmannedorbitandthefirstChinesespacewalk,followedbythevehicleJadeRabbitbeingsenttothemoontostudyitssurface.接著，伴隨著一陣歡快的腳步聲，一個(gè)高大挺拔的身影出現(xiàn)了。Thencameatallandstraightfigure,___________________________________________.(續(xù)寫之人物描寫)accompaniedbyaburstofcheerfulfootsteps原句結(jié)構(gòu)辨識(shí)寫作佳句背誦2.wastetime/moneydoingsthSomepeoplearguethatweshouldstopwastingtimeandmoneyexploringspace.許多人認(rèn)為，浪費(fèi)時(shí)間和精力玩網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲是很不明智的。Manypeoplearguethatitdoesn'tmakesense_____________________________________________.(應(yīng)用文之建議信)towastetimeandenergyplayingonlinegames考點(diǎn)歸納探究·精準(zhǔn)講練1.determinevt.查明；確定；決定①(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)Acomputersystemwillanalyzethevideo______________(determine)whetheracowissick.②Unfortunatelyweforgottoweighthembeforetakingouttheirinsides,butIwasdetermined___________(prove)mypoint.③Hebuiltahugelysuccessfulcareerwithlittlemorethanplainoldhardworkand________________(determine).todeterminetoprovedetermination決定我們?nèi)松牟皇俏覀兩砩习l(fā)生了什么，而是我們?nèi)绾慰创l(fā)生的事情。It'snotwhathappenstous____________________________—it'swhatwemakeofwhathappens.

thatdeterminesourlives

determinetodosth決定做某事

bedeterminedtodosth決心做某事

determinedadj.有決心的；意志堅(jiān)定的

determinationn.決心

withdetermination堅(jiān)決地

bedeterminedtomakeittothetop決心要出人頭地

makeadeterminedefforttostopsmoking下定決心戒煙

wearabrightanddeterminedsmile面帶燦爛而堅(jiān)定的微笑2.desiren.渴望；欲望

vt.渴望；期望①Itwashisdesire____wealththatledtohisendingupinprison.②Wealldesire____________(create)apeacefulandstableenvironmentforeconomicdevelopment.③(2019·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)Publishersalreadyinbusiness,peoplewhowereownersofsuccessfulpapers,hadlittledesire____________(change)thetradition.fortocreatetochange他讓我們看到，即便是一個(gè)愿望，只要永不言棄，也能成就非凡的人生。Heshowedusthat_______________________,nevergivenupon,canmakefor_________________.evenasingledesireremarkablelife

haveadesirefor.../todo...渴望……/渴望做……

desiretodosth渴望做某事

desiresbtodosth想要某人做某事

desirableadj.向往的；可取的；值得做的

Itisdesirablethat...(should)dosth做某事是可取的

achievethedesiredeffect達(dá)到預(yù)期效果

satisfyyourdesiretokeeplearning滿足你不斷學(xué)習(xí)的愿望

ahighlydesirabledestinationforfoodlovers美食愛好者非常向往的目的地3.arguevt.&vi.[課本義]論證；爭(zhēng)辯；爭(zhēng)論[增補(bǔ)義]主張；認(rèn)為；說(shuō)服①Guncontrolisasubject____________whichAmericanshavearguedforalongtime.②Hisparentsfinallyarguedhimoutof________(take)theriskyjourneyacrossthedesert.③Thismeansthatresolvingan___________(argue)canfeellikeyouhavereachedastateofresolution—andyouarelesslikelytobeannoyed.about/overtakingargument(2022·全國(guó)乙卷書面表達(dá))Ofthestudentssurveyed,mostbelievethatwatchingEnglishmoviesorlisteningtoEnglishsongsisthebestapproachtolearningEnglish__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(少數(shù)人則認(rèn)為他們更偏好于閱讀英文書籍或定期訪問英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)站).whileafewarguethatreadingbookswritteninEnglishorvisitingEnglishlearningwebsitesonaregularbasisistheirpreference

arguewithsbabout/oversth與某人爭(zhēng)論某事

arguesbinto/outofdoingsth說(shuō)服某人做/不做某事

arguefor/against(doing)sth據(jù)理力爭(zhēng)/反對(duì)(做)某事

arguethat...主張……；認(rèn)為……

argumentn.爭(zhēng)論；爭(zhēng)吵；論點(diǎn)

argueagainstliftingtheban反對(duì)解除禁令

keeparguingaboutsomeminormatters為一些小事爭(zhēng)論不休

argueherintobuyinganexpensivenecklace說(shuō)服她買了一條昂貴的項(xiàng)鏈4.attachvt.[課本義]系；綁；貼[增補(bǔ)義]重視；認(rèn)為很重要或有意義①(2020·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)She'stryingtocomeupwithalabeltoattach___nutriafashionstoshowitiseco-friendly.②Inmyview,moreimportanceshouldbeattachedto______________(prevent)financialrisks.③Herchildwas___________(attach)toscreenstothepointwhereshewasabletosay“chocolate”intohisearwithoutgettingaresponse.topreventingattached(普通表達(dá))Sincetheschoolthinksthiseventisveryimportant,wemusttryourbesttowinthegoldmedal.(高級(jí)表達(dá))Sincetheschool__________________________thisevent,wemusttryourbesttowinthegoldmedal.attachesgreatimportanceto

attach...to...把……附在/貼在/固定在……上

attachoneselftosb纏著某人

attachimportance/significance/valueto...重視；認(rèn)為……重要/有意義/有價(jià)值

attachedadj.依戀的；附屬的

beattachedto依戀；愛慕；附屬于

attachyourphotototheapplicationform把你的照片貼在申請(qǐng)表上

attachimportancetodevelopinggreeneconomy重視發(fā)展綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)

beattachedtohisfamilyandfriends熱愛他的家人和朋友5.resultin導(dǎo)致；造成①(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)Whenenoughoftheseerrorsareaveragedtogether,theycanceleachotherout,_________(result)inamoreaccurateestimate.②Thesurveyshowsthesepolicieshaveresultedinmanyelderlypeople____________(suffer)hardship.③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,butitprobablywon'tresult_____ausefulresponse.resultingsufferingin即使是像在小區(qū)里散步這樣簡(jiǎn)單的事情，如果你處理得當(dāng)，也會(huì)帶來(lái)一絲興奮或不尋常的刺激。Evensomethingassimpleasawalkthroughyourneighbourhoodcan______________________________________________ifyouplaythecardsright.resultineithermildexcitementorunusualadventure

resultin(sb)doingsth導(dǎo)致/使(某人)做某事

resultfrom(doing)sth是(做)某事造成的；因(做)某事而產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果

leadto導(dǎo)致；引起

bringabout導(dǎo)致；引起

giveriseto導(dǎo)致；引起

resultinbigbenefits帶來(lái)巨大的好處

resultin$3millionineconomicloss造成300萬(wàn)美元的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失

resultinhisdaughterrunningawayfromhome導(dǎo)致他女兒離家出走6.[教材原句]Lookingupatthestars,peoplehavealwayswantedtolearnmoreaboutspace,andscientistsworkhardtofindanswers.仰望星空，人們總是想更多地了解太空，科學(xué)家們也在努力尋找答案。①__________(sit)onabranch,heinchedtowardsitandblewsmokefromhistorchintoatinyholeinthehive.②___________(believe)theearthtobeflat,manyfearedthatColumbuswouldfallofftheedgeoftheearth.③___________(compare)withthehighcostofwesternmedicine,thetraditionalChinesemedicinehasareasonablepricethatordinarypeoplecanafford.SittingBelievingCompared(2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷讀后續(xù)寫)我向他露出一個(gè)歉意的微笑，懇請(qǐng)他允許我延期付款，并告訴他我要在布拉格參加的那場(chǎng)會(huì)議極其重要，我實(shí)在不能錯(cuò)過。______________________________,Ibeggedhimforadelayedpayment,tellinghimthattheconferenceIwouldattendinPraguewassoimportantthatIcouldn'taffordtomissit.Flashinghimanapologeticsmile分詞短語(yǔ)放在句首，一般是作時(shí)間、原因、條件狀語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，分詞動(dòng)作與句子主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系。過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，分詞動(dòng)作與句子主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系。Thinkingthathissolutionwasimpractical,Iattemptedtoworkouttheprobleminadifferentway.考慮到他的解決方案不切實(shí)際，我試圖用另一種方法來(lái)解決此問題。7.[教材原句]Overeightyearslater,on20July1969,AmericanastronautNeilArmstrongsteppedontothemoon,famouslysaying,“That'sonesmallstepfor[a]man,onegiantleapformankind.”八年后，美國(guó)宇航員尼爾·阿姆斯特朗于1969年7月20日踏上月球，說(shuō)出了那句名言：“對(duì)一個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)，這是一小步；對(duì)人類來(lái)說(shuō)，這是一大步。”①(2021·全國(guó)甲卷)Afewminuteslater,whenIlandedthetrick,myfriendsbeattheirboardsloud,___________(shout)：“Safe!Safe!Safe！”②(2021·全國(guó)乙卷)Mycolleaguerefusedtoacceptit,________(say)thatwewerealljustdoingourjob.shoutingsaying他們會(huì)沖進(jìn)來(lái)，說(shuō)他們的手提包被偷了。They'llcomerushingin,_______________________________________.sayingthattheirhandbag'sbeenstolen動(dòng)詞-ing形式常常在句子中充當(dāng)伴隨狀語(yǔ)，此時(shí)，分詞動(dòng)作與句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作是同時(shí)發(fā)生的，并且分詞與句子的主語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。Internetusershavebroadlywelcomedthemove,sayingthisisablessingforChinesestudentswhowanttoentertheuniversity.互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶普遍歡迎這一舉措，稱這是希望進(jìn)入該大學(xué)的中國(guó)學(xué)生的福音。多維強(qiáng)基固本·達(dá)標(biāo)訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.用所給詞的正確形式填空。1.Mikelefthome,______________(determine)nevertocomebackuntilhemadeafortune.2.Avoid__________(argue)withyourparentsaboutyourcareerchoicesandtrytofindasolutionpeacefully.3.Atfirstwedidn'tfeelwebelonghere,butnowwe________________(attach)tothelandweliveon.determinedarguingareattached4.Thevisitingministerexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalk,________(add)thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.5.Morethan200storeswillbeclosednationwide,____________(result)inthelayoffsofanestimated2,000employees.6.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷改)TheGPNP'smaingoalistoeventuallyachievea__________(desire)levelofpopulationinthewild.addingresultingdesiredⅡ.在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。1.Thetinyrocketattached___thecraftisdesignedtopushthecrafttowardsMars.2.Ittookthedeliveryboyoverhalfanhourtoarguethecustomer_____withdrawinghiscomplaint.3.WhenmydaughterBeckywasten,sheandmyhusband,Joe,wereunitedintheirdesire____adog.4.Theindustrialrevolutionresulting______theinventionofthesteamengineisimportantformodernpeople.tointoforfromⅢ.

熟詞生義(選出黑體詞在句中的漢語(yǔ)意思)1.(2021·全國(guó)甲卷)Take

a

viewisadesirableannualcompetitionforphotographersfromallcornersoftheUKandbeyond.____A.其他地方 B.除……之外

C.在另一邊2.Inreturnforafoodreward,onebear,Brutus,wouldtouchthemoreheavilydottedpatternwithhisnose.____A.模式

B.模范

C.圖案AC3.(2020·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)Shewasdispleasedwithabsolutelyeverything,nothingwasrightandIwasrathersurprisedthatshebecamea“regular”.____A.頻繁

B.常客

C.定期BⅣ.長(zhǎng)難語(yǔ)句(分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)并翻譯成漢語(yǔ))1.(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷)Andincontrasttoourincreasinglynetworkedliveswheretheinformationweconsumeismonitoredandtracked,aprintedbookstilloffersthechanceofawhollyprivate,“off-line”activity.本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，可簡(jiǎn)化為：Andincontrastto...networkedlives...,aprintedbookstilloffersthechanceof...。句中的incontrastto...是介詞短語(yǔ)作______，后面的where引導(dǎo)出一個(gè)______從句，修飾lives。[嘗試翻譯]________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________狀語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)

在日益網(wǎng)絡(luò)化的生活中，我們消費(fèi)的信息受到監(jiān)控和跟蹤，與此形成鮮明對(duì)比的是，印刷的書籍仍然提供完全私密的“離線”活動(dòng)的可能性。2.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthatwerepreviouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthoritytoincreaseeffectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.

本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，可簡(jiǎn)化為：Theplanwillextendprotectionto...areas...,bringingmany...areas...underoneauthorityto...。句中的that引出一個(gè)______從句，bringing...underoneauthority是動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語(yǔ)作______狀語(yǔ)，后面的不定式toincrease...andreduce...在句中作______狀語(yǔ)。[嘗試翻譯]___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________定語(yǔ)伴隨目的

該計(jì)劃將把保護(hù)范圍擴(kuò)大到許多以前未受保護(hù)的地區(qū)。為了提高效率，減少管理上的不協(xié)調(diào)，將由一個(gè)官方機(jī)構(gòu)統(tǒng)一管理許多現(xiàn)有的大熊貓保護(hù)區(qū)。寫作提能培優(yōu)·進(jìn)階訓(xùn)練Step1.單句寫作(利用本單元知識(shí)補(bǔ)全所給英文句子)①2020年12月17日凌晨1時(shí)59分，中國(guó)發(fā)射的嫦娥五號(hào)飛船攜帶裝滿月球樣本的容器成功返回。At1：59a.m.onDecember17,2020,Chang'e5,_____________________________,successfullyreturnedhome______________________________________.aspacecraftlaunchedbyChinawithacontainerfilledwithlunarsamples②這一成就標(biāo)志著中國(guó)雄心勃勃的月球探測(cè)計(jì)劃又向前邁進(jìn)了一步。Thisachievement____________________________________________toexplorethemoon.③我們渴望擁有更大的航天工具，能把我們的宇航員送上月球。________________________________thatcantransportourastronautstothemoon.signaledonestepfurtherinChina'sambitiousprogramWedesiretohavelargerspacevehicles④將會(huì)有更多我們自主研發(fā)的航天器繼續(xù)進(jìn)行太空探索，以期揭開更多的宇宙秘密。Moreofour_______________________spacecraftwill_____________spaceexploration_________________________moresecretsoftheuniverse.independentlydevelopedcarryonwithinthehopeofuncoveringStep2.銜接成文(利用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡銜接詞語(yǔ)連句成篇)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________At1：59a.m.onDecember17,2020,Chang'e5,a