2025年統計學期末考試：抽樣調查方法在公共衛生研究中的應用試題考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、選擇題1.在抽樣調查中，以下哪種抽樣方法是最簡單的隨機抽樣方法？A.簡單隨機抽樣B.分層抽樣C.系統抽樣D.整群抽樣2.在公共衛生研究中，以下哪個概念不屬于抽樣誤差？A.樣本代表性B.總體方差C.樣本方差D.抽樣概率3.抽樣調查的基本目的是：A.獲取總體信息B.控制總體方差C.估計總體參數D.減少總體標準差4.以下哪種抽樣方法適合用于對一個大城市進行居民健康狀況調查？A.簡單隨機抽樣B.分層抽樣C.系統抽樣D.整群抽樣5.在抽樣調查中，以下哪個因素可能導致抽樣誤差？A.樣本量B.總體同質性C.抽樣方法D.以上都是6.以下哪種抽樣方法適用于總體分布不均勻的情況？A.簡單隨機抽樣B.分層抽樣C.系統抽樣D.整群抽樣7.在抽樣調查中，以下哪個概念表示樣本的代表性？A.抽樣誤差B.樣本方差C.樣本代表性D.總體同質性8.以下哪種抽樣方法適用于對某地區所有學校的學生進行健康調查？A.簡單隨機抽樣B.分層抽樣C.系統抽樣D.整群抽樣9.在抽樣調查中，以下哪個概念表示總體方差？A.樣本方差B.抽樣誤差C.總體方差D.樣本代表性10.在抽樣調查中，以下哪個概念表示樣本的標準差？A.樣本方差B.抽樣誤差C.總體方差D.樣本代表性二、填空題1.抽樣調查是通過對__________的觀察和研究，來推斷__________的一種研究方法。2.抽樣調查中，抽樣誤差是指__________與__________之間的差異。3.簡單隨機抽樣是一種__________的抽樣方法，每個個體都有__________的機會被抽中。4.分層抽樣是將總體劃分為若干__________，然后從每個__________中隨機抽取樣本。5.系統抽樣是一種__________的抽樣方法，首先確定__________，然后按__________進行抽樣。6.整群抽樣是一種__________的抽樣方法，以__________為單位進行抽樣。7.在公共衛生研究中，抽樣調查可以用于__________、__________和__________等方面。8.抽樣調查的目的是__________、__________和__________。9.抽樣調查中的樣本代表性是指__________。10.抽樣調查中的抽樣誤差是指__________。三、判斷題1.抽樣調查是一種全面調查方法。（）2.抽樣調查的結果可以完全代表總體情況。（）3.簡單隨機抽樣適用于任何總體分布情況。（）4.分層抽樣可以提高樣本的代表性。（）5.系統抽樣適用于總體分布不均勻的情況。（）6.整群抽樣可以提高樣本的代表性。（）7.抽樣調查可以完全消除抽樣誤差。（）8.抽樣調查的結果可以用來推斷總體參數。（）9.抽樣調查的樣本量越大，抽樣誤差越小。（）10.抽樣調查中的樣本方差可以用來估計總體方差。（）四、計算題要求：根據下列數據，計算樣本均值、樣本方差和樣本標準差。已知某地區1000名居民的健康數據如下（單位：千克）：62,68,70,65,67,64,71,72,69,73,65,66,70,68,67,69,74,75,72,71,67,68,70,64,65,66,72,74,71,70,68,69,71,73,72,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,66,67,72,73,71,74,68,69,70,67,68,72,73,71,74,69,70本次試卷答案如下：一、選擇題1.A解析：簡單隨機抽樣是最簡單的隨機抽樣方法，每個個體都有相同的機會被抽中。2.B解析：總體方差是描述總體數據分散程度的指標，不屬于抽樣誤差。3.C解析：抽樣調查的基本目的是估計總體參數，即通過對樣本的觀察來推斷總體的情況。4.B解析：分層抽樣適用于總體分布不均勻的情況，可以將總體劃分為不同的層次，提高樣本的代表性。5.D解析：抽樣誤差可能由樣本量、總體同質性、抽樣方法和抽樣概率等因素導致。6.B解析：分層抽樣適用于總體分布不均勻的情況，可以提高樣本的代表性。7.C解析：樣本代表性是指樣本能夠代表總體的程度。8.D解析：整群抽樣適用于對某個單位（如學校）進行抽樣，可以簡化抽樣過程。9.C解析：總體方差是描述總體數據分散程度的指標。10.A解析：樣本方差是描述樣本數據分散程度的指標。二、填空題1.部分樣本總體情況解析：抽樣調查通過對部分樣本的觀察和研究，來推斷總體的情況。2.樣本統計量總體參數解析：抽樣誤差是指樣本統計量與總體參數之間的差異。3.隨機相同解析：簡單隨機抽樣是隨機的，每個個體都有相同的機會被抽中。4.層次各層解析：分層抽樣將總體劃