Unit4MeetingthemuseUsinglanguageto-infinitive,-ingand-edaspredictiveWhatispredicative?Predicativecomesafteraverbsuchasbe,become,get,seem,looketc.Ittellswhatissaidaboutthesubject.1.

Everyartist’swishistocreatesomethingthatexpressesanidea.2.

Onewayforhimtofindinspirationisturning

tohischildren'stoys.3.

Hewasparticularlyinterestedintheoldstoryaboutafishjumping

throughthe“DragonGate”.4.TolistentoTan’smusicistoexperience

amixofChinesemusical

traditionsandWesterninfluences.

5.YangLiping’spassionisdancing.①Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.1.Apartfromnounsandadjectives,whatotherwordformscanserveaspredicative?2.Can“interested”insentence(b)bereplacedby“interesting”?Whyorwhynot?Apartfromnounsandadjectives,to-infinitive,-ed,-ingcanserveaspredicative.No,itcan’t.because“interested”usuallyindicatesaperson’sinterestinsomethingwhile“interesting”usuallyindicatessomethingmakingapersoninterested.Insentence(b),thesubjectis“he”,whichreferstoaperson.Lookformoresentenceswiththesestructuresinthereadingpassage,andsummarisetheirusesinyourownwords.1Onewayforhimtofindinspirationisturningtohischildren’stoys.2Heismostwidelyknownforcomposingmusicforthefilm...3TolistentoTan’smusicistoexperienceamixofChinesemusicaltraditionsandWesterninfluences.Grammar:to-infinitive,-ingand-edaspredicative動詞不定式形式作表語時表示的動作往往是具體的、一次性的動作，特別是將來的動作。通常主語是表示

“目的，愿望，夢想，需求”等的名詞或what引導的主語從句。Mypurposeistoclimb

tothetopofthesnowMountain.

我的目標就是要爬到雪山的頂部。

Grammar:to-infinitive,-ingand-edaspredicative動名詞作表語時表示一般性、習慣性的動作或抽象的動作，大部分時候主語與表語可以互換。Therealquestionisgettingtoknowtheneedsofthestudents.=Gettingtoknowtheneedsofthestudentsistherealquestion.

真正的問題是了解學生的需求。Grammar:to-infinitive,-ingand-edaspredicative現在分詞（短語）作表語是形容詞性的，表示主語具有的特征和屬性，主語和表語不可換位。Thenewsisreallyexciting.過去分詞（短語）作表語時表示主語所處的狀態或情感情緒等。Thecupsarebroken.杯子碎了。(broken表示主語的存在狀態)Iamverydisappointedatthenews.我對這個消息感到很失望。(disappointed表示主語的情緒—感到失望)

區別幾種易混情況

不定式做表語VS.動名詞做表語現在分詞做表語VS.過去分詞做表語不定式做表語VS.不定式表將來動名詞做表語VS.現在分詞用于進行時過去分詞做表語VS.過去分詞用于被動語態動詞不定式與動詞-ing作表語的區別動名詞(短語)作表語表示一般性的動作；動詞不定式(短語)作表語表示一次具體的動作或將要發生的事。Hishobbyispainting.

他的愛好是畫畫。

(一般性的動作)Todaywhathewantstodois(to)paint.

今天他想要做的事是畫畫。(具體的動作)Hiswishistobecomeanartist.

他的愿望是成為一名藝術家。(將要發生的事)過去分詞與現在分詞作表語的區別英語中有很多與感覺有關的及物動詞，其現在分詞意為“令人……的”，多用來修飾物；其動詞-ed意為“感到…的”,多用來指人/人的聲音或表情等不定式作表語和不定式表示將來時的區別不定式作表語用于說明主語“是什么”,和主語之間是相等的;不定式用來表示主語即將要執行的動作時,和主語之間是不相等的。Whathewantedtosuggestisto

cutdowntheprice

andincreasethesales.

他想建議的是降價促銷。MyAmericanteacheristo

leaveChinasoon.

我的美國老師很快就要離開中國了。注意：當主語部分含有動詞do的某種形式時,作表語的不定式可以省略to。Allyouneedtodois(to)pressthebutton.動名詞作表語和現在分詞用于進行時的區別動名詞作表語說明主語“是什么”;現在分詞用于進行時時,

說明主語正在執行的動作。Herworkistakingcareofthechildren.

她的工作是照顧小孩。(說明主語“是什么”)Sheis

takingcareofthechildren.

她正在照料小孩。(說明她正在執行的動作)過去分詞作表語和過去分詞用于被動語態的區別過去分詞作表語說明主語所處的狀態;過去分詞用于被動語態說明主語所承受的動作。Thecupisbroken.

杯子碎了。(說明杯子所處的狀態)ThecupwasbrokenbyPeter.杯子是被彼得打壞的。(說明杯子承受的動作)Thepaintingremainsunfinished.這幅畫仍未完成。(說明畫的狀態)Thepaintingwasfinishedbyhisapprentice.（說明畫承受的動作這幅畫是由他的徒弟完成的。）

to-infinitiveaspredicative:showtheaimofthesubject;tellinformationofthesubject;

-ingaspredicative:tellinformationofthesubject;usedasanadjective“令人......的”

-edaspredicative:tellinformationofthesubject;usedasanadjective“......的”②Readthepassageandunderlinethepredicatives.OneofmybiggestdreamshadalwaysbeentoseethepaintingGirlwithaPearl

Earing,bytheDutchartistVermeer.

Itwasn'tuntilwewentonatriptoTheHaguelastyearthatthisdrearmcametrue.TherewerelotsofpeoplewaitingtoentertheMauritshuis.Althoughmylegsweretiredfromwalkingaroundthecity,Iwasdeterminedtoseethepaintirg,whichisoftencalledthe"MonaLisaoftheNorth".Nobodyissureoftheidentityofthegirlinit.Andthereshewas.Itwasamazingtobestandinginfrontofheratlast!

Thegirlislookingoverhershoulder.Hereyesarewideandhermouthisparted,justasifshewereabouttospeak.Iwouldlovetoknowwhatshewasgoingtosay!Mauritshuis荷蘭海牙莫瑞泰斯皇家美術館JohannesVermeer`sworks③Completethepassagewiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets.ChineseartistWuGuanzhongis___________(know)forhispaintingsusingoilsandalsoforthoseusingthemoretraditionalChinesemethodofink.AccordingtoWuGuanzhong,hisgoalasanartistwas____________(combine)WesternprinciplesofartwithChinesespirit,andhispassionis__________(seek)apointatwhichthetwocouldmeet.Tohim,theimportantvalueofanartworkwas____________(reflect)theartwithinthelifeofChinesepople,and_____________(express)loveofandresponsibilitytohismotherland.WuGuanzhongremained___________(interest)inexploringwaysofexpression,withhisstylechanginganddevelopingthroughouthiscareer.Hislife'sworkisnow___________(inspire)artistsnotonlyinChinabutacrosstheworld.WuGuanzhongknowntocombinetoseektoreflecttoexpressinterestedinspiringWuGuanzhong`sworks④Thinkofanartistyouadmireandtalkabouthisorherinspirationandartworksusingto-infinitive,-ingand-edaspredicativewhereappropriate.Listtheexperienceandachievementoftheartistyouadmire;Findoutwherehis/herinspirationcomesfrom;Writedownthesentencestomakeupyourdraft;Thinkcarefullyaboutwhereyoucanuseto-infinitive,-ingand-edaspredicative,accordingtowhatyouhavelearntinlaststep.1.HispaintingistotellalovestoryinChinesefolktale.2.Hewassomovedthathepickeduphisbrushandbeganhis

painting.3.Hisexperienceisinspiring.4.Hisnextgoalistohaveanexhibitionabroad.5.Iamexcitedaboutmyvisittohisexhibition.6.Hisworksareamazing.ArtexhibitionsHaveyouevervisitedanartexhibition?Postersofartexhibitions⑤Readthecommentsandanswerthequestions.Payattentiontothecompoundadjectivesinbold.1Whatistheexhibitionabout?Whatartworksmightyouseeinit?Theexhibitionisaboutabstractart.WecanseeStormandSuperhighwayinit.2Whichcommentmakesthegreatestimpressiononyou?Giveyourreasons.3Doyouwanttogotothisexhibitionafterreadingthecomments?Whyorwhynot?InEnglish,youcancreatecompoundadjectivesbyjoiningtwoormorewordstogether.Youcanguessthemeaningofcompoundadjectivesbylookingattheindividualwordsthatmakethemup.Youcaneventrycreatingyourowncompoundadjectives!⑥MatchthecompoundadjectivesinActivity5totheirmeanings.Thinkofotherwordsandexpressionsthatcanexpressthesamemeanings.1.____________:extremelyimpressivesoastotakesomeone'sbreathaway2.____________:knownbyalotofpeople3.____________:makingyoufeelgreatrespectandadmiration,andsometimesfear4.____________:verygoodatdoingsomething5.____________:innovative,usingnewmethodsorachievingnewresults6.____________:veryexpensivebreathtakingwell-knownawe-inspiringhighly-skilledground-breakingover-pricedThinkofmorecompoundadjectivestodescribeanartexhibitionoranartwork.⑦Readthepassageandanswerthequestions.Sincetheearliestcavepaintings,humanshavebeenexhibitingartonwalls.Therehasalwaysbeenaconnectionbetweenartistsandtheirworks,their

pointsofview,andtheviewers.Bringingartworkstogetherintoanexhibitionenablesallofustoexperiencetheworks,torespondto,toenjoyandtoconnectwiththem.Artexhibitionscanhavemanythemes,suchasahistoricalperiod,alocationoratrend.Ofthemall,oneeverlastingsourceofinspirationiswarandpeace.Countlessartistshavebeenprotestingwarsandpromotingpeaceviatheirworks,includingSpanishartistPabloPicassoandChineseartistFengZikai,tonamejustacouple.WhatelsedoyouknowaboutPabloPicassoandFengZikai?Whatotherartistsarefamousforrepresentingwarandpeace?Whataretheirbest-knownartworks?PabloPicasso（1881-1973PabloPicassoisthefounderofmodernart,themainrepresentativeofWesternmodernpainting,andthemostcreativeandinfluentialartistinthecontemporaryWest.Heisoneofthegreatestartistictalentsinthe20thcentury.Essayist,painter,writer,artandmusiceducatoriswidelyrecognizedas

the"father"ofChinesecomicshisessayalsohasagreatinfluenceonthenewhistoryofChineseliteratureFengZikai

(1898—1975)

ArtistChenJian（陳堅）workedonfor10years,depictsthesolemnsceneofJapan'ssurrenderaftertheWarofResistanceagainstJapaneseAggression.阿·普拉斯托夫《法西斯飛機飛過》oneofthemostimportantRussiansocialistrealistpainters.⑧Listentotheaudioguideandfindoutthemainmessageofeachartwork.GuernicabyPabloPicassoTheBattlefieldinSpringbyFengZikaiGuernica—Picassotragedyofwarthepeople’sfearPicasso’sangertowarsthefightingTheBattlefieldinSpring—FengZikaioptimisticmessagefeelthestrongspiritandhope⑨