完形填空專練(五)說明文A(2017·蘭州市高考診斷考試)Whenyourchildissupposedtobedoinghomework,aretheychattingwiththeirfriendsonFacebookorplayinggames?Manystudieshaveshownthatmultitaskingdoesn’t__1__，__2__yourchildisprobablyproudlyclaimingtheycandotenthings__3__！Manypeoplebelievethattheycan__4__twoormoretasksatthesametime,butDr.EdwardHallowellsaysthisis__5__.Therealityisthatmultitasking__6__poorjobperformance.Newhand-held__7__suchassmartphones,iPads,gamesandsocialnetworkingsitesmakeitveryeasytomultitaskand__8__attentionleadingtodifficultyfocusingonthetask__9__，suchaslisteningintheclassroomordoinghomework.“__10__，thebrainactually__11__kidsformultitaskingeventhoughyourchild’sperformanceoneverytaskgetsworseandworse.Kidsdon’tknowthattheyaredoing__12__becausetheyfeelbetterwhentheymultitask，”saysDr.EdwardHallowell.__13__theappearanceofhand-helddevicesandsocialnetworkingsites,teachershavenoticedadifferencein__14__performance,criticalthinkingskillsandhowinformationis__15__.“Multitaskingpreventspeoplefromgainingadeepunderstandingoftheinformationtheyaretryingtolearn，”saysDr.EdwardHallowell.Kidshaveadifficulttimestickingwitha“difficulttounderstand”topicand__16__toallowthemselvestobedistracted(注意力分散的),totuneoutandswitch__17__toFacebookorusingtheircellphones__18__workingharderatunderstandingadifficultsubjectorproblem.Inthelong__19__，multitaskingaffectsgrades.OnestudyshowsthatkidsthatusetheInternetwhileinclassdo__20__ontests,resultinginlowergrades.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了孩子們同時做多項任務對學業所造成的負面影響。1．A.play B．understandC．use D．work解析：選D根據下文中的“Therealityisthatmultitasking__6__poorjobperformance.”可推知，同時做很多事情并沒有什么效果。work“有效，起作用”。2．A.onlyif B．eventhoughC．sothat D．nowonder解析：選B根據語境可知，空處上下句之間存在邏輯上的讓步關系，eventhough“雖然，盡管”，符合語境。3．A.atonce B．rightawayC．innotime D．atrandom解析：選A根據下文中的“Manypeoplebelievethattheycan__4__twoormoretasksatthesametime”可知，孩子們會聲稱能同時做十件事情。atonce“同時”。4．A.advocate B．dealC．perform D．prefer解析：選C根據語境可知，許多人相信他們可以同時做兩件或是更多事情。perform“做，執行，履行”。5．A.impossible B．importantC．impatient D．impolite解析：選A根據下文中的“poorjobperformance”可知，Dr.EdwardHallowell認為同時做多項任務是不可能的。故A項正確。6．A.resultsin B．resultsfromC．existsin D．existsfrom解析：選A根據語境尤其是“poorjobperformance”可推知，同時做多項任務的結果很不好。resultin“導致，造成”。7．A.designs B．discoveriesC．equipment D．evidence解析：選C根據空后的“smartphones,iPads”可知，此處表示新的便攜式裝備，故C項正確。下文第13空后的“hand-helddevices”也是信息提示。8．A.attract B．drawC．pay D．share解析：選D根據下文中的“leadingtodifficultyfocusingonthetask”可推知，多任務容易分散注意力。share“共享，共用”。9．A.athand B．ontimeC．onschedule D．attimes解析：選A根據空后的“suchaslisteningintheclassroomordoinghomework”可知，這些都是手頭要做的事。athand“在手邊”。10．A.Uncertainly B．UnfortunatelyC．Universally D．Undoubtedly解析：選B根據第一段最后兩句可知，Dr.EdwardHallowell并不贊成多任務行為，因此當大腦給這種行為以肯定或鼓勵時，他認為是不幸的。11．A.remains B．rewardsC．regards D．reflects解析：選B根據空后的“eventhough”可知，空處與worse形成對比，由此可推知大腦反而鼓勵這種多任務行為。reward“獎賞，報答”。12．A.better B．wellC．bad D．worse解析：選D根據上文中的“getsworseandworse”和空后的“becausetheyfeelbetterwhentheymultitask”可知，孩子們并不知道自己變得更糟糕。13．A.Since B．BeforeC．When D．While解析：選A結合空后現在完成時的運用可知，此處應用連詞since“自從……之后”引導時間狀語從句。14．A.accidental B．accurateC．accessible D．academic解析：選D根據上文的“teachers”可推知，老師們注意到學生們在學業上的差異。academic“學術的，學業的”。15．A.produced B．processedC．possessed D．promoted解析：選B根據下文中的“Multitaskingpreventspeoplefromgainingadeepunderstandingoftheinformationtheyaretryingtolearn”可知，這些便攜式工具的出現改變了學生處理信息的方式。process“處理”。16．A.tend B．attendC．intend D．pretend解析：選A根據空前的“Kidshaveadifficulttimestickingwitha’difficulttounderstand’topic”可知，孩子們很難堅持一個理解起來有困難的話題，他們的注意力往往會分散。tendtodosth.“往往會發生某事”。17．A.out B．onC．off D．over解析：選D根據語境可知，既然注意力分散了，孩子們就有可能轉而關注學習之外的東西。switchoverto“轉向”。18．A.exceptfor B．ratherthanC．morethan D．apartfrom解析：選B根據語境可知，孩子們去玩手機或Facebook，而不是更努力地學習。ratherthan“而不是”。19．A.run B．walkC．journey D．distance解析：選Ainthelongrun為固定短語，意為“從長遠來看”，符合語境。20．A.hardly B．successfullyC．poorly D．mildly解析：選C根據空后的“resultinginlowergrades”可知，在課堂上上網的孩子考試成績差。B(2017·蘭州市高考實戰模擬考試)Whatisthedifferencebetween“entertainment”and“hobbies”？Well,entertainment__1__tobemoreorlesspassive(被動的),whilehobbiesaremore__2__.WatchingTVormaybeaDVDcontinuestobethemost__3__formofhomeentertainmentintheUSA.AccordingtoUSgovernmentstatistics,watchingTVwastheleisureactivity(休閑活動)that__4__mosttime(2.8hoursperday),makingupabouthalfofallleisuretimeforthoseaged15andover.__5__，suchasvisitingfriendsorchattingonline,wasthenextmost__6__leisureactivity,accountingfornearlythree-quartersofanhourperday.Menweremorelikelythanwomentobe__7__spectatorsports(觀賞性體育)—21percent__8__withafigureof16percentforwomen.Not__9__，onanaverageday,adultsaged75andoverspent7.8hoursonleisureactivities,morethananyotheragegroup.Becauseofthe__10__ofworkandmanagingahousehold,35-to44-year-oldspent__11__4.3hoursonleisureactivities,lessthananyotheragegroup.__12__spentreadingforpersonalinterestandplayingvideogamesorusingaputerforleisure__13__greatlybyagegroup.Individualsaged75＋averaged1.0hourofreadingperweekenddayand26minutesplayinggamesorusingaputerforleisure.__14__，peopleaged15to19readforanaverageofonlyfiveminutesperweekendday,__15__spending1.0hourplayinggamesorusingaputerforleisure.Thispatternisalreadybeginningto__16__.Justafewyearsago,putergamesandvisitingsocialnetworkingsiteslikeFacebookorMySpacewerealmostonlya(n)__17__activity.Now,__18__，moreandmoreadultsarefindingthat__19__suchgamescanbeawonderfulwayof__20__afterahardday’swork.eq\x(語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了美國人的家庭娛樂休閑方式。)1．A.manages B．startsC．tends D．promises解析：選C此處是將“娛樂”與“愛好”進行對比，娛樂“趨向于(tendsto)”被動，而愛好更“主動(active)”。2．A.active B．pleasantC．familiar D．mysterious解析：選A參見上題解析。3．A.special B．funnyC．popular D．plex解析：選C由下文的“makingupabouthalfofallleisuretime”可知，來自美國政府的數據顯示看電視“占用(tookup)”了15歲或以上人群一半的休閑時間，因此看電視或看DVD是最受美國人“歡迎的(popular)”家庭休閑方式。4．A.saved B．foundC．setup D．tookup解析：選D參見上題解析。5．A.Traveling B．AnalyzingC．Socializing D．Sightseeing解析：選C“拜訪朋友”和“在線聊天”都是“社交(Socializing)”活動。6．Amon B．originalC．normal D．correct解析：選A由下文的“nearlythree-quartersofanhourperday”可知，“社交活動”是緊隨“看電視”之后的又一種最“常見的(mon)”休閑活動。7．A.tiredof B．proudofC．worriedabout D．interestedin解析：選D21percent與16percent這兩個數字形成“對比(pared)”，相較于女性，男性對觀賞性體育更“感興趣(interestedin)”。8．A.mixed B．paredC．connected D．involved解析：選B參見上題解析。9．A.luckily B．suddenlyC．surprisingly D．naturally解析：選C75歲或以上的老人用在休閑活動上的時間是每天7.8小時，這一點也不“令人驚訝(surprisingly)”。10．A.future B．tastesC．demands D．way解析：選C由下文的“lessthananyotheragegroup”可知，由于工作和處理家庭事務方面的“需求(demands)”，35歲到44歲的人群用在休閑活動上的時間每天“只有(only)”4.3小時。11．A.only B．evenC．still D．ever解析：選A參見上題解析。12．A.Money B．TimeC．Effort D．Energy解析：選B由下文的數據“1.0hour,26minutes,fiveminutes”可知，本段是指人們用在閱讀和電腦游戲上的“時間(Time)”因年齡層次而有所“變化(varied)”。13．A.spread