高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省濰坊市部分縣市2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期中質(zhì)量監(jiān)測英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AJETBOATINTERLAKEN,SUMMERJetboatridesofferbeautifulnaturalviewsandinformativetoursofLakeBrienz.Bothyoungandoldguestscanenjoyexciting360°turnsastheytravelinaboatalongattractivegreenwaters,learnaboutthelocalregionfromtheirknowledgeablecaptain,andappreciateup-closeviewsofthefamousGiessbachFalls.WhattoexpectWhenyouarriveatourJetboatbase,we’llhandouthigh-quality,waterproof(防水的)equipmenttokeepyoudryandcomfortableduringthetour.Aftereveryoneisdressed,thecaptainwillleadyoutotheboat,appointtheseats,andyourlakeadventurewillbegin.Asyouboatoutoftheharbor,thecaptainwillbeginwithasafetytalkbeforeturningupthespeed.You’llenjoyafunandinformativetouronthelakeandthenreturntotheJetport.PricesAdult$119Child(until15years)$89FamilyTicket(2Adults+2Children)$374RequirementsHeight,age,andmedicalinformation·Aminimum(最小的)height110cmapplies.·Childpricesapplytochildrenaged3—15.·Allchildren(3—12)musttravelwithacharge-payingadult.·Pleasespeakwithoneofourteamifyouhaveanymedicalconditionsincludingbackorneckproblemsandtheywillmakeajudgementaboutyoursuitability.·Wedon’thaveaweightlimitbutyoumustbeabletofitintooneofourlifejacketstorideandyoumustbeabletogetintoandoutofthejetboatunassisted.1.WhatcanvisitorsexperienceintheJetboatrides?A.HikingaroundLakeBrienz. B.ProfessionallyguidedTours.C.360°walksalonggreenwaters. D.SwimmingnearGiessbachFalls.2.Whatisthelowestticketpricefor2adultsand2childrenunder15?A.$208. B.$238. C.$374. D.$416.3.Whatisrequiredforchildrenaged10totakepartintheride?A.Alightweight. B.Anadult’scompany.C.Aself-carriedlifejacket. D.Ahealthexaminationreport.【答案】1.B2.C3.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一個旅游項目的特色以及收費(fèi)情況。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Bothyoungandoldguestscanenjoyexciting360°turnsastheytravelinaboatalongattractivegreenwaters,learnaboutthelocalregionfromtheirknowledgeablecaptain,andappreciateup-closeviewsofthefamousGiessbachFalls.(年輕和年老的客人都可以享受令人興奮的360度轉(zhuǎn)彎，因為他們在迷人的綠色水域乘船旅行，從他們知識淵博的船長那里了解當(dāng)?shù)氐牡貐^(qū)，并欣賞著名的吉斯巴赫瀑布的近距離景觀)”可知，游客可以在水上快艇上體驗到專業(yè)導(dǎo)游。故選B。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Prices表格“FamilyTicket(2Adults+2Children)；$374(家庭票（2名成人+2名兒童）；$374)”可知，2名成人和2名15歲以下兒童的最低票價是374美元。故選C。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Requirements部分“·Allchildren(3—12)musttravelwithacharge-payingadult.(·所有兒童（3到12歲）必須由付費(fèi)成人陪同)”可知，10歲的孩子參加這個游樂設(shè)施需要成年人的陪伴。故選B。BIntheoldlibrariesofDunhuang’sMogaoCaves,a21-year-oldcomputerstudentnamedZhangWeifoundsomethingamazing.Whilestudying50,000ancientpapersscanned(掃描)intocomputerssince2020,shenoticedthat30%hadstrangemarksnoonecouldread.ThesemarkscamefromoldlanguagesonceusedalongtheSilkRoad.Thisledhertocreate“SilkRoadAI”—acomputerprogramthatmixeslanguagestudieswithsmartmachinestounderstandforgottenwriting.Zhang’ssuccesscamefromstudyingstonemarkersinXi’an.ThesestoneshadthesamemessageinChineseandtwootherancientlanguages.Herprogramlookedathowthemarksweredrawnandwhattheymightmean.Aftermonthsofwork,theAIguessed82%oftheunknownmarkscorrectlybymatchingthemtoknownsounds.Butsomeexpertsvoiceddifferentopinions.ProfessorLifromBeijingUniversitysaid,“Computerscan’tunderstandthehiddenstoriesinoldwritings.”In2023,Zhang’steamtestedtheirAIataninternationalhistorymeeting.Theyusedittoreada1,200-year-oldmedicalbookfromanancientkingdom.Thecomputertranslatedplantnamesandfound17typesstillusedintraditionalmedicine.Whenscientistscheckedthesefindingsagainstmodernplantrecords,theywereprovedcorrect.ThetesthelpedZhanggetUNESCO’ssupporttoprotectdisappearinglocallanguages.NowworkingwiththeBritishMuseumonancientIndianwritings,Zhang’sAIhashelpedexpertsunderstand4,000-year-oldbusinessrecords.Hernewestideausesphonecameras—whenvisitorspointtheirphonesatdamagedpaintingsintheMogaoCaves,theycanseerepairedpictureswithcomputer-translatedexplanations.“We’renotjustsolvingwordpuzzles,”Zhangsays.“We’rehelpingpeoplefromdifferenttimesandplacestalktoeachotheragain.”4.WhatledZhangWeitocreate“SilkRoadAI”?A.AprogramabouttheSilkRoad.B.Herinterestincomputerscience.C.Strangemarksonancientpapers.D.AmazinglibrariesofMogaoCaves.5.WhatwasProfessorLi’sattitudetowardsZhangWei’smethods?A.Doubtful. B.Uninterested. C.Unclear. D.Positive.6.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Astudyontraditionalmedicine.B.Aninternationalhistorymeeting.C.TheeffectivenessofSilkRoadAI.D.Theprotectionoflocallanguages.7.WhatcanwelearnfromZhang’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Hernewestideaiscreative.B.Herworkeasilysolveswordpuzzles.C.HerAIhelpsunderstandbusinessrecords.D.Herprogramconnectsthepastandpresent.【答案】4.C5.A6.C7.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了21歲的計算機(jī)專業(yè)學(xué)生張薇通過創(chuàng)建“SilkRoadAI”項目，利用人工智能技術(shù)解讀古代文獻(xiàn)中的未知符號，為保護(hù)和傳承消失的當(dāng)?shù)卣Z言做出貢獻(xiàn)的故事。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Whilestudying50,000ancientpapersscanned(掃描)intocomputerssince2020,shenoticedthat30%hadstrangemarksnoonecouldread.ThesemarkscamefromoldlanguagesonceusedalongtheSilkRoad.Thisledhertocreate“SilkRoadAI”—acomputerprogramthatmixeslanguagestudieswithsmartmachinestounderstandforgottenwriting.(在研究自2020年以來掃描到電腦中的5萬份古代文獻(xiàn)時，她注意到30%的文獻(xiàn)上有奇怪的符號，沒人能讀懂。這些符號來自曾經(jīng)在絲綢之路上使用的古老語言。這促使她創(chuàng)建了“SilkRoadAI”——一個將語言研究與智能機(jī)器相結(jié)合，以理解被遺忘文字的計算機(jī)程序。)”可知，古代文獻(xiàn)上的奇怪符號促使張薇創(chuàng)建了“SilkRoadAI”。故選C項。【5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Butsomeexpertsvoiceddifferentopinions.ProfessorLifromBeijingUniversitysaid,“Computerscan’tunderstandthehiddenstoriesinoldwritings.”(但一些專家表達(dá)了不同的意見。北京大學(xué)的李教授說：“計算機(jī)無法理解古老文字中隱藏的故事。”)”可推知，李教授對張薇的方法持懷疑態(tài)度。故選A項。【6題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“In2023,Zhang’steamtestedtheirAIataninternationalhistorymeeting.Theyusedittoreada1,200-year-oldmedicalbookfromanancientkingdom.Thecomputertranslatedplantnamesandfound17typesstillusedintraditionalmedicine.Whenscientistscheckedthesefindingsagainstmodernplantrecords,theywereprovedcorrect.ThetesthelpedZhanggetUNESCO’ssupporttoprotectdisappearinglocallanguages.(2023年，張薇的團(tuán)隊在一個國際歷史會議上測試了他們的人工智能。他們用它來閱讀一本來自一個古老王國的1200年前的醫(yī)學(xué)書籍。計算機(jī)翻譯了植物名稱，并發(fā)現(xiàn)了17種仍在傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)中使用的植物。當(dāng)科學(xué)家將這些發(fā)現(xiàn)與現(xiàn)代植物記錄進(jìn)行比對時，它們被證明是正確的。這次測試幫助張薇獲得了聯(lián)合國教科文組織的支持，以保護(hù)正在消失的當(dāng)?shù)卣Z言。)”可知，第三段主要講述了“SilkRoadAI”在解讀古代文獻(xiàn)方面的有效性。故選C項。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句““We’renotjustsolvingwordpuzzles,”Zhangsays.“We’rehelpingpeoplefromdifferenttimesandplacestalktoeachotheragain.”(“我們不僅僅是在解決文字謎題，”張薇說。“我們正在幫助不同時代和地方的人們再次相互交流。”)”可推知，張薇認(rèn)為她的程序連接了過去和現(xiàn)在。故選D項。CTheplantsoftheSouthAfricanFynbosregionarenostrangertofire.Manyspecieshaveadaptedtodealingwithandevendependingonfiretocompletetheirlifecycles.Thereisonespecies,however,thattakesthistotheextreme.Itisnamedthefirelily.Thisplantprovideswonderfulflowershowsduringitsbrieffloweringtimeaftersummerfires.Throughits“phoenix-like”(鳳凰涅槃的)habit,itisasourceofinterestandwonder,especiallywhenseeninthewildagainstablackened,ashy(布滿灰燼的)background.Formostoftheyear,theplantisonlyasmallgroupofnarrow,longleaves.Asthedrymonthsofsummerapproach,theleavessenesceandtheplantmoreorlessdisappearsuntilit’stimetoflower.However,unlikeotherplantsinthisregion,thefirelilyliesinwaitforaveryspecialfloweringcue(暗示)—smoke.Ithasbeennotedthatfireliliesonlyseemtowanttoreproduceafterafire.Nootherenvironmentalfactorseemstocauseflowering.Thishasmadethemquiteannoyingfortheirlovers.Onlyafterafireburnsoverthelandscape,willascape(花梗)appear,toppedwithanywherefrom1to12redflowers.Thisdependenceonfireforfloweringhasattractedtheattentionofafewscientistsconcernedwithprotectionofthiskindofplant.Obviously,ifwecareaboutprotectingspecieslikethefirelily,itisextremelyimportantthatweunderstandhowtheyreproduce.Byexperimentingwithvariousburnandsmoketreatments,researchersfoundoutthatitwasn’theatthatcausedfloweringbutrathersomethinginthesmokeitself.Thoughresearcherswerenotabletoseparateouttheexactchemical(s)(化學(xué)物質(zhì))responsible,atleastwenowknowthatwecanmakefireliliesflowerusingsmokealone.8.Whatcanweknowaboutthefirelilyfromthefirstparagraph?A.Itistotallystrangetofire. B.Itslifecycledependsonfire.C.Ithasalongfloweringtime. D.Itsflowerslooklikephoenixes.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“senesce”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Fade. B.Grow. C.Dance. D.Shine.10.Whatisprobablythekeyfactorforfirelilyflowering?A.Heat. B.Smoke. C.Weather. D.Chemical.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.FireLily:OutoftheAshesB.FireLily:AwayfromSmokeC.APlantDrivingItsLoversCrazyD.AnEndangeredSpeciesintheWild【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述南非Fynbos地區(qū)的火百合如何依賴火災(zāi)后的煙霧開花，以及科學(xué)家對其繁殖機(jī)制的研究。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的句子“Manyspecieshaveadaptedtodealingwithandevendependingonfiretocompletetheirlifecycles.Thereisonespecies,however,thattakesthistotheextreme.Itisnamedthefirelily.(許多物種已經(jīng)適應(yīng)了應(yīng)對火災(zāi)，甚至依賴火災(zāi)來完成它們的生命周期。然而，有一種物種將這一點發(fā)揮到了極致，它就是火百合)”可知，火百合的生命周期依賴火。故選B項。【9題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文的“Asthedrymonthsofsummerapproach(隨著干燥的夏季的臨近，葉子……)”和下文的“theplantmoreorlessdisappearsuntilit’stimetoflower(這種植物或多或少會消失，直到開花的時候)”可推測隨著夏季干燥月份的臨近，葉子會枯萎，“senesce”應(yīng)是“枯萎、凋謝”的意思，與“Fade”意義一致。故選A項。【10題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文最后一段的句子“Byexperimentingwithvariousburnandsmoketreatments,researchersfoundoutthatitwasn’theatthatcausedfloweringbutrathersomethinginthesmokeitself.(通過對各種燃燒和煙霧處理進(jìn)行實驗，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)導(dǎo)致開花的不是熱量，而是煙霧本身的某種物質(zhì))”可知，煙霧可能是火百合開花的關(guān)鍵因素。故選B項。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，特別是第一段“TheplantsoftheSouthAfricanFynbosregionarenostrangertofire.Manyspecieshaveadaptedtodealingwithandevendependingonfiretocompletetheirlifecycles.Thereisonespecies,however,thattakesthistotheextreme.Itisnamedthefirelily.Thisplantprovideswonderfulflowershowsduringitsbrieffloweringtimeaftersummerfires.Throughits“phoenix-like”(鳳凰涅槃的)habit,itisasourceofinterestandwonder,especiallywhenseeninthewildagainstablackened,ashy(布滿灰燼的)background.(南非費(fèi)因博斯地區(qū)的植物對火災(zāi)并不陌生。許多物種已經(jīng)適應(yīng)了與火打交道，甚至依賴火來完成它們的生命周期。然而，有一種物種將這一點發(fā)揮到了極致。它被命名為火百合。這種植物在夏季火災(zāi)后的短暫開花期間提供了精彩的花卉展示。通過其“鳳凰涅槃”的習(xí)性，它成為了一個有趣和奇妙的來源，尤其是在野外黑色、布滿灰燼的背景下。)”可知，文章主要圍繞火百合依賴火災(zāi)，在火災(zāi)后的灰燼中開花的特點展開，A選項“FireLily:OutoftheAshes(火百合：從灰燼中重生)”能準(zhǔn)確概括文章主旨。故選A項。DYouprobablyknowthefeelingofhavingaheartymealatarestaurant,andfeelingfullandsatisfied...onlytotakealookatthedessert(甜點)menuanddecidethecheesecakelooksjustmouthwatering.Sowhyisitthatyoujustabsolutelycouldn’thaveanotherbite,butyousomehowmakeanexceptionforasweettreat?Scientistsnowhaveabetterunderstandingoftheneural(神經(jīng)的)originsofthisurge(強(qiáng)烈欲望)thankstoarecentstudy.Workingwithmice,researcherstriedtosetupascenesimilartothehumanexperiencedescribedabove.Theystartedbyofferingastandardfooddiettomicewhohadn’teatensincethepreviousday.That“meal”periodlastedfor90minutes,andthemiceateuntiltheycouldn’teatanymore.Thenitwastimefora30-minute“dessert”period.Thefirstroundoftheexperiment,researchersofferedmicemorefoodfordessert,andthemiceatejustalittlebitmore.Thesecondtimearound,duringthe“dessert”period,theyofferedahighsugarfeedtothemicefor30minutes.Themicereallywentforthesugaryfeed,eatingsixtimesmorecaloriesthanwhentheyhadinthefirstround.Inthemice,researcherstrackedtheactivityofneurons(神經(jīng)元)thatareconnectedwithfeelingsoffullness,calledPOMCneurons.Theyfoundthatwhenthemicewereeatingthehighsugardiet,theneuronsreleasedachemicalproducedwithinyourbody.“Whenwetastesomethingsweet,it’snotjustthesugarwe’retakingin—it’ssettingoffasysteminthebrainthatconnectsthesweettastewithpleasure,whichmakesuswanttokeepeating,”saysDr.PauleJoseph,aresearcherattheNationalInstitutesofHealth.Fenselau,oneofthestudyauthors,saysstudyingthisneuralsystemfurthercouldthrowlightonhowtakingintoomuchsugarmaycontributetothedevelopmentoffatness.12.Whatdoestheexperimentwiththemiceaimtodo?A.Comparethedietsofmiceandhumans.B.Measurehowmuchthemiceneedinameal.C.Explorewhythere’salwaysroomfordessert.D.Testmice’spreferencefordifferenttypesoffood.13.Whatdidthemicedointhesecondroundof“dessertperiod”?A.Theytooklongertoenjoydessert.B.Theyrefusedtoeatanymorefood.C.Theyatemuchmorehigh-sugarfeed.D.Theyshowednointerestinsweettreats.14.Whatdoesparagraph4focuson?A.Thefeelingsoffullness.B.DefinitionofPOMCneurons.C.Theharmofkeepingeatingdessert.D.Connectionbetweensweetsandpleasure.15.WhatisthesignificanceoffurtherstudyaccordingtoFenselau?A.Tochangepeople’seatinghabits.B.Tohelpmakewiserfoodchoices.C.Toknowtheneuralsciencebetter.D.Touncoverhowsugaraffectsfatness.【答案】12.C13.C14.D15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了科學(xué)家通過對老鼠的實驗，更好地理解了人們餐后仍想吃甜點這一強(qiáng)烈欲望的神經(jīng)起源，還提及進(jìn)一步研究的意義。【12題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Sowhyisitthatyoujustabsolutelycouldn’thaveanotherbite,butyousomehowmakeanexceptionforasweettreat?(那么，為什么你一口都吃不下了，但不知為何卻會為一份甜點破例呢？)”和第二段中“Scientistsnowhaveabetterunderstandingoftheneural(神經(jīng)的)originsofthisurge(強(qiáng)烈欲望)thankstoarecentstudy.Workingwithmice,researcherstriedtosetupascenesimilartothehumanexperiencedescribedabove.(由于最近的一項研究，科學(xué)家們現(xiàn)在對這種強(qiáng)烈欲望的神經(jīng)起源有了更好的理解。研究人員用老鼠做實驗，試圖設(shè)置一個與上述人類經(jīng)歷相似的場景)”可知，對老鼠進(jìn)行的實驗旨在探究為什么人們總會有吃甜點的空間。故選C項。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thesecondtimearound,duringthe“dessert”period,theyofferedahighsugarfeedtothemicefor30minutes.Themicereallywentforthesugaryfeed,eatingsixtimesmorecaloriesthanwhentheyhadinthefirstround.(第二次，在“甜點”時段，他們給老鼠提供了30分鐘的高糖飼料。老鼠真的很喜歡這種含糖飼料，攝入的卡路里是第一輪的六倍)”可知，在第二輪“甜點時段”，老鼠吃了更多的高糖飼料。故選C項。【14題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中“Whenwetastesomethingsweet,it’snotjustthesugarwe’retakingin—it’ssettingoffasysteminthebrainthatconnectsthesweettastewithpleasure,whichmakesuswanttokeepeating(當(dāng)我們嘗到甜的東西時，我們攝入的不僅僅是糖——它會觸發(fā)大腦中一個將甜味與愉悅感聯(lián)系起來的系統(tǒng)，這會讓我們想要繼續(xù)吃下去)”可知，第四段主要關(guān)注的是甜食和愉悅感之間的聯(lián)系。故選D項。【15題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Fenselau,oneofthestudyauthors,saysstudyingthisneuralsystemfurthercouldthrowlightonhowtakingintoomuchsugarmaycontributetothedevelopmentoffatness.(該研究的作者之一芬斯勞說，進(jìn)一步研究這個神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)可以揭示攝入過多的糖是如何導(dǎo)致肥胖的)”可知，根據(jù)芬斯勞的說法，進(jìn)一步研究的意義是揭示糖是如何影響肥胖的。故選D項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Breakingupwithyourphoneisn’teasy.It’syouralarmclock,yournewssource,yourwindowintoeveryoneelse’sseeminglyperfectlives.Butwhataboutputtingyourphonedown?____16____Afewsmallchangescanhelpyoufocusbetter,clearyourmind,andremindyouofwhatlifefeelslikewithoutendlessscrolling(滑動屏幕).Yourphoneisabattlefieldforyourattention,andsomeappsaretheenemy.Socialmedia,newsupdates,andgamesyoudon’tevenrememberdownloading.____17____Thesimplestwaytostopbeingdistracted(分神)istoremovethem.Themoreunnecessaryappsyouremove,thefewerdistractionsyouface.Needsomethingtoremindyou?Checkyourphone’susagehistory.Mostphonesnowhavebuilt-intrackingtoolsthatshowexactlyhowmuchtimeyou’respendingoneachapp.____18____Usethisdatatosetpropergoals—maybecuttingsocialmediatimeinhalforreducingeveningphoneuse.Small,measurablechangesleadtolong-termimprovements.Evercheckyourphonejustoutofhabit?____19____Pickupabookinsteadofscrollingortrylearninganewskill—playinganinstrument,cooking,ordrawing.Getoutside—takeawalk,hitthegym,orexploreanewpartofyourcity?____20____Thathabitcreatesamixofworkandpersonaltime.Instead,trythis:Assoonasyouenteryourhouse,putyourphoneinabox,orinanotherroom.Thissimplemoveshowsthatyourfocushaschanged—awayfromworkandtowardrelaxingandspendingtimewithothers.A.Fillthatspacewithsomethingbetter.B.That’swheretherealmagichappens.C.They’realldesignedtokeepyouaddicted.D.Downloadittodayandstartmakingrealchanges.E.That’sadirectinvitationtocheckemailsatmidnight.F.Seeingthenumbersinblackandwhitecanbeeye-opening.G.Peopleoftenarrivehomeandimmediatelychecktheirphone.【答案】16.B17.C18.F19.A20.G【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要說明了如何戒掉總是查看手機(jī)的習(xí)慣。【16題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Breakingupwithyourphoneisn’teasy.It’syouralarmclock,yournewssource,yourwindowintoeveryoneelse’sseeminglyperfectlives.Butwhataboutputtingyourphonedown?(和你的手機(jī)分手并不容易。它是你的鬧鐘，你的新聞來源，你了解其他人看似完美生活的窗口。但是放下你的手機(jī)呢？)”以及后文“Afewsmallchangescanhelpyoufocusbetter,clearyourmind,andremindyouofwhatlifefeelslikewithoutendlessscrolling(滑動屏幕).(一些小的改變可以幫助你更好地集中注意力，清理你的大腦，提醒你沒有無休止的滾動的生活是什么感覺)”可知，前句提問“放下手機(jī)會怎樣”，本句承接提問，引出后文“小改變帶來的積極影響”，故B選項“那才是真正的奇跡發(fā)生的地方”符合語境。故選B。【17題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Yourphoneisabattlefieldforyourattention,andsomeappsaretheenemy.Socialmedia,newsupdates,andgamesyoudon’tevenrememberdownloading.(你的手機(jī)是你注意力的戰(zhàn)場，而一些應(yīng)用程序是你的敵人。社交媒體、新聞更新和你甚至不記得下載過的游戲)”可知，前句列舉手機(jī)中令人分神的應(yīng)用，本句解釋這些應(yīng)用的目的，故C選項“它們都是為了讓你上癮而設(shè)計的”符合語境。故選C。【18題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Needsomethingtoremindyou?Checkyourphone’susagehistory.Mostphonesnowhavebuilt-intrackingtoolsthatshowexactlyhowmuchtimeyou’respendingoneachapp.(需要什么來提醒你嗎？檢查手機(jī)的使用記錄。現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)手機(jī)都內(nèi)置了跟蹤工具，可以準(zhǔn)確顯示你在每個應(yīng)用上花了多少時間)”可知，前句提到手機(jī)內(nèi)置的使用時間追蹤工具，本句說明數(shù)據(jù)的作用，引出后文“Usethisdatatosetpropergoals—maybecuttingsocialmediatimeinhalforreducingeveningphoneuse.(利用這些數(shù)據(jù)來設(shè)定適當(dāng)?shù)哪繕?biāo)——也許是將社交媒體時間減少一半，或者減少晚上使用手機(jī)的時間)”設(shè)定目標(biāo)。故F選項“看到直觀的數(shù)據(jù)會令人警醒”符合語境。故選F。【19題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Evercheckyourphonejustoutofhabit?(曾經(jīng)因為習(xí)慣而看手機(jī)嗎？)”以及后文“Pickupabookinsteadofscrollingortrylearninganewskill—playinganinstrument,cooking,ordrawing.Getoutside—takeawalk,hitthegym,orexploreanewpartofyourcity?(拿起一本書，而不是滾動，或者嘗試學(xué)習(xí)一項新技能-演奏樂器，烹飪或繪畫。出去走走，去健身房，或者探索城市的新地方？)”可知，前句指出“習(xí)慣性查看手機(jī)”的問題，本句給出解決方案，與后文“讀書、學(xué)技能、外出”等具體行為對應(yīng)。故A選項“用更好的東西填滿那個空間”符合語境。故選A。【20題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Thathabitcreatesamixofworkandpersonaltime.Instead,trythis:Assoonasyouenteryourhouse,putyourphoneinabox,orinanotherroom.Thissimplemoveshowsthatyourfocushaschanged—awayfromworkandtowardrelaxingandspendingtimewithothers.(這種習(xí)慣造成了工作時間和個人時間的混合。相反，試著這樣做：一進(jìn)家門，就把手機(jī)放在盒子里，或者放在另一個房間里。這個簡單的動作表明你的注意力已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)移——從工作轉(zhuǎn)移到放松和與他人共度時光)”可知，后句提到“這種習(xí)慣混淆了工作和個人時間”，且提到了把手機(jī)收起來，推測本句引出“回家看手機(jī)”的習(xí)慣。故G選項“人們經(jīng)常一到家就看手機(jī)”符合語境。故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ItwasthedayoftheUnityFestivalatCrestwoodAcademy,andthisyear’sthemewasaboutimprovingthecommunity.Emilyfeltadeep____21____tomakeadifference.Herbooth(書攤),filledwithdonatedbooks,satneartheheartofthefestival.The____22____read:“GiveaBook,GiveaFuture.”Shewas____23____,thoughnoonecouldtell.She’dseenmanystudentscomeandgo,____24____noneseemedinterestedinherbooth.Theyweremore____25____tothegames,food,andmusic.JustasEmily’shopebeganto____26____,agirlnamedSarahpausedatthebooth.“Aretheseforfree?”Sarahasked.Emilynodded,tryingto____27____herrelief.“Yes,they’reforchildrenwhoneedthem.”Sarahtookabook,apictureofagirlstandingonamountainwithabrightsuninthebackground.“Ilovestoriesaboutpeoplewhofightfortheir____28____.”shesaid.Emily’sheartwarmed,butbeforeshecould____29____,Sarahdisappearedintothecrowd.The____30____pointcamewhenSarahreturned—alongwithfriends.“Itoldthemaboutyour____31____,”Sarahsaid.“Theywanttohelptoo.”Sarah’sfriendssurroundedthebooth,offeringbooksandsharing____32____tostartareadingprogram.Thequietspacearoundherfeltalittleless____33____.Emily____34____over200books—wellaboveheroriginalgoal.Butmorethanthat,shesawhowasingleactofkindnesscould____35____somethinggreater.21.A.risk B.pull C.goal D.principle22.A.sign B.entrance C.activity D.classmate23.A.proud B.flexible C.energetic D.nervous24.A.but B.or C.so D.for25.A.devoted B.related C.drawn D.limited26.A.change B.increase C.approach D.fail27.A.express B.find C.hide D.share28.A.rights B.dreams C.chances D.wealth29.A.notice B.respond C.wait D.believe30.A.turning B.joking C.following D.winning31.A.hobby B.duty C.game D.project32.A.excuses B.lessons C.plans D.joys33.A.empty B.convenient C.noisy D.natural34.A.offered B.collected C.bought D.promoted35.A.dealwith B.makeup C.reflecton D.snowballinto【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.A25.C26.D27.C28.B29.B30.A31.D32.C33.A34.B35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了在團(tuán)結(jié)節(jié)上，艾米麗為改善社區(qū)設(shè)立捐書攤，起初無人問津，后來在莎拉及其朋友的幫助下取得成功，展現(xiàn)了善舉的力量。【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：艾米麗深感有一種動力去做出改變。A.risk風(fēng)險；B.pull吸引力，動力；C.goal目標(biāo)；D.principle原則。根據(jù)前文“ItwasthedayoftheUnityFestivalatCrestwoodAcademy,andthisyear’sthemewasaboutimprovingthecommunity.”可知，節(jié)日主題是改善社區(qū)，結(jié)合后文“tomakeadifference”可推知，這一主題對艾米麗產(chǎn)生了吸引力，讓她有動力去做點事來改變現(xiàn)狀，所以“pull”符合語境。故選B項。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：牌子上寫著：“獻(xiàn)出一本書，給予一個未來”。A.sign牌子；B.entrance入口；C.activity活動；D.classmate同學(xué)。后文“read:‘GiveaBook,GiveaFuture.’”明確表明這是牌子上呈現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容，所以這里指的是牌子。故選A項。【23題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她很緊張，盡管沒人能看出來。A.proud驕傲的；B.flexible靈活的；C.energetic精力充沛的；D.nervous緊張的。后文“She’dseenmanystudentscomeandgo,noneseemedinterestedinherbooth.Theyweremoretothegames,food,andmusic.”說明很多學(xué)生來來往往，卻都對她的書攤不感興趣，結(jié)合常識，這種情況會讓她感到緊張。故選D項。【24題詳析】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：她看到很多學(xué)生來來去去，但似乎沒人對她的書攤感興趣。A.but但是；B.or或者；C.so所以；D.for因為。前文“She’dseenmanystudentscomeandgo”描述學(xué)生來來去去的情況，而后文“noneseemedinterestedinherbooth”表明沒人對書攤感興趣，前后是明顯的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選A項。【25題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們更被游戲、食物和音樂所吸引。A.devoted致力于；B.related與……相關(guān)；C.drawn吸引；D.limited限制。前文“noneseemedinterestedinherbooth”說明學(xué)生對書攤沒興趣，結(jié)合語境可推知他們更被節(jié)日里的游戲、食物和音樂吸引，“bedrawnto”表示“被……吸引”。故選C項。【26題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：就在艾米麗的希望開始破滅時，一個叫莎拉的女孩在書攤前停了下來。A.change改變；B.increase增加；C.approach接近；D.fail破滅，失敗。前文“She’dseenmanystudentscomeandgo,noneseemedinterestedinherbooth”一直描述書攤無人問津的情況，所以可以推斷出她的希望會逐漸破滅。故選D項。【27題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：艾米麗點點頭，試圖掩飾她的寬慰。A.express表達(dá)；B.find找到；C.hide隱藏，掩飾；D.share分享。前文提到書攤一直沒人關(guān)注，而現(xiàn)在莎拉詢問書的情況，這讓艾米麗感到寬慰，但她不想讓別人輕易看出自己的情緒，所以試圖掩飾。故選C項。【28題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我喜歡關(guān)于為夢想而奮斗的人的故事。”她說。A.rights權(quán)利；B.dreams夢想；C.chances機(jī)會；D.wealth財富。前文“apictureofagirlstandingonamountainwithabrightsuninthebackground”描繪了一幅積極向上、充滿希望的畫面，通常這樣的畫面與為夢想奮斗相關(guān)，所以推測莎拉喜歡為夢想奮斗的故事。故選B項。【29題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：艾米麗心里暖了起來，但還沒等她回應(yīng)，莎拉就消失在人群中了。A.notice注意；B.respond回應(yīng)；C.wait等待；D.believe相信。前文“‘Ilovestoriesaboutpeoplewhofightfortheir...’shesaid.”莎拉表達(dá)了對書的看法，按照正常交流邏輯，艾米麗應(yīng)該回應(yīng)，但后文“Sarahdisappearedintothecrowd”說明她還沒來得及回應(yīng)莎拉就走了。故選B項。【30題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：轉(zhuǎn)折點來了，莎拉和她的朋友們回來了。A.turning轉(zhuǎn)折；B.joking玩笑；C.following接下來；D.winning勝利。前文“Emily’sheartwarmed,butbeforeshecould,Sarahdisappearedintothecrowd.”說艾米麗講還沒來得及回應(yīng)莎拉就走了，而后文“Sarahreturned—alongwithfriends.”講莎拉又帶著朋友回來。莎拉突然離開后再次出現(xiàn)，情況有了明顯轉(zhuǎn)變，所以這里是轉(zhuǎn)折點。故選A項。【31題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我告訴他們關(guān)于你的項目的事了。”莎拉說。A.hobby愛好；B.duty責(zé)任；C.game游戲；D.project項目。前文“Herbooth(書攤),filledwithdonatedbooks”以及艾米麗捐書的行為可知，她是在進(jìn)行一個為改善社區(qū)捐書的項目，所以“project”符合語境。故選D項。【32題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：莎拉的朋友們圍在書攤旁，捐書并分享開展閱讀項目的計劃。A.excuses借口；B.lessons課程；C.plans計劃；D.joys快樂。后文“tostartareadingprogram”明確提到要開展閱讀項目，那么莎拉的朋友們分享的應(yīng)該是開展這個項目的計劃。故選C項。【33題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她周圍原本安靜的空間感覺不那么空曠了。A.empty空曠的；B.convenient方便的；C.noisy吵鬧的；D.natural自然的。前文“She’dseenmanystudentscomeandgo,noneseemedinterestedinherbooth”描述書攤無人問津，空間顯得空曠，而后文“Sarah’sfriendssurroundedthebooth”說明莎拉和朋友們來了，人多了，空間就不那么空曠了。故選A項。【34題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：艾米麗收集了200多本書——遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了她最初的目標(biāo)。A.offered提供；B.collected收集；C.bought買；D.promoted推廣。前文提到艾米麗設(shè)立捐書攤，目的是收集書籍幫助有需要的孩子，結(jié)合“over200books”可知是收集到了這么多書。故選B項。【35題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：但更重要的是，她看到了一個小小的善舉如何能發(fā)展成更大的事情。A.dealwith處理；B.makeup組成，編造；C.reflecton反思；D.snowballinto發(fā)展成，滾雪球般增長。前文艾米麗只是簡單地設(shè)立捐書攤這一善舉，而后文在莎拉和朋友們的幫助下收集到遠(yuǎn)超目標(biāo)的書，還分享開展閱讀項目的計劃，說明善舉不斷發(fā)展擴(kuò)大，“snowballinto”能體現(xiàn)這種發(fā)展成更大事情的過程。故選D項。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Twoyearsago,IwastoldIsufferedfromaseriousdiseasethatwashard____36____(cure).Mybody____37____(ache)dayandnight.IwasworriedIdidn’thavemuchlongertolive.Duringthattime,Ifelt____38____(discourage),asifeverythingwasindarkness.Aftergoingthrough____39____two-hourmedicaltreatmentoneday,thedoctortriedtomakemerelaxed,____40____(advise)metolistentosomemusic.Thesong“Happy”mademesomuchbetter____41____fromthenonIbegantolistentomusic,which____42____(real)helpedmerecover.WhenIlistenedtomusic,itbroughtmehappiness,strengthandrelief.Moreover,itgavemehopeandasenseof____43____(satisfy).Asaresult,musicbecamemybestfriendandhelpedmegetthroughthosehardtimes.Ifyougothroughvarious____44____(period)whenyoufeeldownoralone,Ihopemusiccanhelpyouinthesamewaythatithelpedme.I’msureyouwillbegintotreasuremusicandmake____45____apartofyourlife.【答案】36.tocure37.ached38.discouraged39.a40.advising41.that42.really43.satisfaction44.periods45.it【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者兩年前患重病，身體疼痛且心情沮喪，后來在醫(yī)生建議下聽音樂，音樂幫助其度過難關(guān)，作者希望音樂也能幫助處于低落時期的人。【36題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：兩年前，我被告知我患了一種很難治愈的重病。“主語+be+adj.+todo…”為固定句型，該句型中形容詞表明主語的特征或性質(zhì)，句中動詞不定式與主語之間存在動賓關(guān)系，且主動表被動。本句中hard表明主語 that(即先行詞aseriousdisease)的特征，cure與主語之間是動賓關(guān)系，適用該固定句型。故填tocure。【37題詳析】考查時態(tài)。句意：我的身體日夜疼痛。ache(疼痛)是謂語動詞，根據(jù)前文時間狀語“Twoyearsago”可知，該句講述過去的事情，用一般過去時態(tài)，ache用過去式ached。故填ached。【38題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：在那段時間里，我感到很沮喪，仿佛一切都處于黑暗之中。feel是系動詞，后面接形容詞作表語，discourage的形容詞有discouraged(感到沮喪的)和discouraging(令人沮喪的)，此處形容人的感受，用-ed形容詞discouraged。故填discouraged。【39題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：一天，在經(jīng)過兩個小時的治療后，醫(yī)生試圖讓我放松，建議我聽一些音樂。“two-hourmedicaltreatment”泛指“一次兩小時的治療”，且two的發(fā)音是以輔音音素開頭的，用不定冠詞a修飾。故填a。【40題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：一天，在經(jīng)過兩個小時的治療后，醫(yī)生試圖讓我放松，建議我聽一些音樂。“(advise)metolistentosomemusic”作伴隨狀語，advise(建議)是非謂語動詞，與其邏輯主語thedoctor之間是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動。故填advising。【41題詳析】考查連詞。句意：《快樂》這首歌讓我感覺好多了，從那時起我開始聽音樂，這真的幫助我康復(fù)了。so...that...是固定句型，意為“如此……以至于……”，用that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。故填that。【42題詳析】考查副詞。句意：《快樂》這首歌讓我感覺好多