高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省許昌市聯考2024-2025學年高一下學期4月期中英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分50分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AUWStudentClassicalMusicJacobyCompetitionTheworldsofcompetitionandclassicalmusicmeethead-onastheUniversityofWyoming’sfineststudentmusicianswillbechosenduringtheUWSymphonyOrchestra’sJacobyCompetitionat7:30pmonMay6intheBuchananCenterforthePerformingArtsconcerthall.Ticketsare$19forthegeneralpublic,$15fortheelderlyand$9forstudents.Toordertickets,call(307)766-6666orgoonlineat/ticket-sales/uwyo/6984.TheconcertisnamedafterDorothyJacoby,amusicalandfoundingmemberofthelocalSymphonyAssociationandalongtimesupporterofclassicalmusicinLaramie.Afterherdeath,hersons,PeterandMichaelJacoby,madeagenerouscontributioninhonouroftheirmother.“TheJacobyCompetitionneverfailstobeoneoftheUWSymphonyOrchestra’smostexcitingevents,”saysUWDepartmentofMusicProfessorMichaelGriffith.“Whatyouwillhearisactuallythefinalsofatwo-stagecompetition.”Severalmonthsago,manyUWmusicstudentsplayedtheirselectedpiecesintheaudition(試演)round.Agroupofwell-knownmusiciansservedasjudgesandchosetheseventopstudentstoperforminthefinalsconcert.Anothersetofjudgeswillbeattheperformanceandwilldecidethebesttwoperformancesoftheevening.Thewinnerswillgetthe$2,500prizethatisawardedattheperformance.1.Whatistheticketpriceforstudentstoattendtheconcert?A.$5. B.$9. C.$15. D.$19.2.Whatwerethemusicstudentsrequiredtodointhefirstround?A.Producetheoriginalwork. B.Practicewiththesemusicians.C.Performtheirpickedmusic. D.Playpieceswrittenbyjudges.3.Whatwillthewinnersreceive?A.Recordings. B.Cashawards. C.Concerttickets. D.Singingauditions.【答案】1.B2.C3.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了懷俄明大學音樂學院將舉辦的Jacoby音樂比賽決賽，7名選手競逐獎項，紀念已故音樂贊助人DorothyJacoby。【1題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段中“Ticketsare$19forthegeneralpublic,$15fortheelderlyand$9forstudents.(普通票為19美元，老年票為15美元，學生票為9美元)”可知，學生參加音樂會的票價是9美元。故選B項。【2題詳析】細節理解題。根據最后一段中“Severalmonthsago,manyUWmusicstudentsplayedtheirselectedpiecesintheaudition(試演)round.(數月前，懷俄明大學眾多音樂專業學生在初選輪演奏了自選曲目)”可知，音樂專業的學生被要求在第一輪演奏他們自選的曲目。故選C項。【3題詳析】細節理解題。根據最后一段中“Thewinnerswillgetthe$2,500prizethatisawardedattheperformance.(獲勝者將獲得在演出當晚頒發的2500美元獎金)”可知，獲獎者將獲得現金獎勵。故選B項。BArielProcacciahasalwaysbeenattractedbybigquestionsandhardproblems.Whenhewasateenager,Procaccialovedreadingbooksaboutbigideas.OneofhisfavoriteswasFermat’sLastTheorem,whichtellsthestoryofamathpuzzle(難題)thatremainedunsolvedformorethan300years.AnotherbookheenjoyedwasABriefHistoryofTime,whichexploresdeepquestionsabouttheuniverse.Bythetimehewenttocollege,Procacciaknewhewantedtostudytwoofthreethings—math,computerscienceandphysics.“Butmydadisaphysicsprofessor,anditseemedstrangetodothesamethinghedid,”Procacciasays.“SoIchosetheothertwo.”Today,ProcacciaisacomputerscientistatHarvardUniversityinCambridge,Mass.There,hedesignscomputeralgorithms(算法)thatcansolveproblemsquicklyandfairly.Throughthiswork,Procacciahasbeenabletoaddresssomebigproblemsthatdirectlyaffectpeople’sdailylives.OneofhisfavoriteprojectsisS.It’safreewebsitethathelpspeopledividethingsinawaythatmathematicallyensuresfairness.Forexample,oneoftheappsonSplidditisrentdivision.Sayafewroommatesrentanapartmentandhavedifferentpreferencesoverrooms.Thegoalistoassign(分配)theroomsanddividetherentinawaythateachroommatefeelstheygotthebestdeal.SinceSplidditwasstartedin2014,ithasbeenusedbyhundredsofthousandsofpeople.Forthosewhothinkcomputerscienceisonlyaboutcomputers,Procacciahasadifferentview.Hebelievesitisreallyaboutsolvingproblemsinthebestwaypossible.Heencouragespeopletoexploreit,eveniftheythinktheyarenotinterestedincomputers.Hesays,“It’snotjustaboutthemachines;it’saboutusingthemtomakearealdifferenceinpeople’slives.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutProcacciafromthefirstparagraph?A.Hehasacuriousmind. B.Helongedtobeateacher.C.Hewasaquietteenager. D.Heenjoyswritingstories.5.WhydidProcacciastudymathandcomputerscienceincollege?A.Heacceptedhisfather’ssuggestion.B.Hefailedtochoosethesubjectsheloved.C.Hewasunwillingtofollowhisfather’spath.D.Hethoughtcomputersciencewasmorepopular.6.WhatisthemainpurposeofthewebsiteS?A.Toencouragestudentstoexploremath. B.Toshareinformationonlow-renthousing.C.Tohelpitsusersfindsuitableroommates. D.Tooffersolutionstofairdivisionproblems.7.WhatisProcaccia’sopinionaboutcomputerscience?A.Itismainlyaboutcomputers. B.Itaimstoimprovepeople’sdailylives.C.Itonlydrawscollegestudents. D.Itdependsonfuturecomputerscientists.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了ArielProcaccia是一位熱衷于解決復雜問題的計算機科學家，他開發了S等工具，利用算法實現公平分配，并認為計算機科學的真正價值在于改善人們的生活，而不僅僅是技術本身。【4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第一段中“Whenhewasateenager,Procaccialovedreadingbooksaboutbigideas.OneofhisfavoriteswasFermat’sLastTheorem,whichtellsthestoryofamathpuzzle(難題)thatremainedunsolvedformorethan300years.AnotherbookheenjoyedwasABriefHistoryofTime,whichexploresdeepquestionsabouttheuniverse.(少年時期的Procaccia就癡迷于閱讀探討宏大思想的書籍。他尤其喜愛《費馬大定理》，這本書講述了一個困擾數學界三百余年的未解之謎；另一本讓他著迷的是《時間簡史》，書中深入探討了關于宇宙本質的深刻問題。)”可知，Procaccia少年時期喜歡閱讀關于宏大思想的書籍，這些書涉及深奧的數學和宇宙問題，體現了他強烈的好奇心。故選A項。【5題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段中Procaccia所說的話“Butmydadisaphysicsprofessor,anditseemedstrangetodothesamethinghedid(但我父親是物理學教授，如果我也走同樣的路，總覺得有點奇怪)”和“SoIchosetheothertwo.(所以我選了另外兩個。)”可知，Procaccia之所以在大學里學習數學和計算機科學，是因為他不愿意走父親的職業道路。故選C項。【6題詳析】細節理解題。根據第四段中“OneofhisfavoriteprojectsisS.It’safreewebsitethathelpspeopledividethingsinawaythatmathematicallyensuresfairness.(他最喜歡的項目之一是S。這是一個免費網站，通過數學算法幫助人們公平分配物品。)”可知，該網站的主要目的是通過數學算法為公平分配問題提供解決方案。故選D項。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“Forthosewhothinkcomputerscienceisonlyaboutcomputers,Procacciahasadifferentview.Hebelievesitisreallyaboutsolvingproblemsinthebestwaypossible.(對于那些認為計算機科學只與計算機有關的人，Procaccia持有不同見解。他認為這門學科的本質在于用最優方式解決問題。)”和Procaccia所說的話“It’snotjustaboutthemachines;it’saboutusingthemtomakearealdifferenceinpeople’slives.(這不僅僅是關于機器本身，而是要通過技術真正改變人們的生活。)”可推知，Procaccia認為計算機科學提供解決問題的最優方案，旨在改善人們的日常生活。故選B項。CArecentupdatefromtheU.S.GeologicalSurveyoffersnewinsightsintothechancesofYellowstone’ssupervolcanoerupting.Thisvolcanoisoneoftheworld’slargestactivevolcanoes.WrittenbyMarkStelten,ascientistattheYellowstoneVolcanoObservatory,thepostanalyzes(分析)thevolcano’seruptivehistoryandcurrentactivitytoshowthatthesleepinggiantshould,thankfully,remainasleepforawhilelonger.Steltensaysthatpredicting(預測)thelikelihoodofaneruptiondependsonknowingtheeruptivehistoryofthevolcanicsystem.Scientistsneedtocountpasteruptionsandwhentheyhappened.Thishelpsthemfigureouteruptionprobabilities.Toexplainthisidea,Steltentakesabaseballforexampleintheupdate:“Imagineyoulivenexttoabaseballfield,andsometimesballslandinyouryard.Toguesswhenthenextballwillcome,youcounthowmanyhavelandedinaperiod(let’ssay,oneyear).Then,youcanestimatethechancesofanotherballarrivingtomorrow,nextweek,ornextmonth.”ApplyingthisapproachtoYellowstone,Steltennotesthatthevolcanohasnoteruptedinthepast70,000years,butwasactivewithrhyolitelavaflowsevery20,000yearsonaveragebetween160,000and70,000yearsago.“Doesthismeanwearenowinthevolcanicoff-season?Ordoesitmeanweare‘due’foraneruption?”Steltenasks.“Therealityisthatwecannotsayforsurebasedonthesemethodsalone.Instead,wemustcombinethesetypesofpredictionswithreal-timemonitoringofthevolcanotoassess(評估)thestateofthevolcanicsystem.Rightnow,thechanceofaneruptionisabout0.001%peryear,andeventhatnumbermightbetoohigh,”Steltenwrites.Therearenowarningsignsofaneruption.However,asSteltennotes,“Oneday—maybeinthousandsofyearsoreventensofthousandsofyears—thiscouldchange.Scientistswillcontinuetowatchforanysigns.”8.WhatdoesthepostfindaboutYellowstone’ssupervolcano?A.Ithasshownwarningsignsoferupting. B.Itistheworld’slargestactivevolcano.C.Itkeepsinactiveintheforeseeablefuture. D.Itwillshapeourviewsonnaturaldisasters.9.WhydidSteltenmentionabaseballintheupdate?A.Tointroduceapopularsportseventtoreaders.B.Tostresstheimportanceofdoingmoreexercise.C.Towarnpeopletostayawayfrombaseballfields.D.Toexplainhowscientistspredictvolcaniceruptions.10.WhatdidSteltenthinkofYellowstone’seruptivehistory?A.Itwillremindresearcherstochangemethods.B.Itplaysapartinassessingthevolcanicsystem.C.Itmeanswearenowinthevolcanicoff-season.D.Ithelpsscientiststounderstandclimatechange.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Asciencereport. B.Atouristattraction.C.Afamousexpert. D.Amathematicalerror.【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.A【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了美國地質調查局關于黃石超級火山噴發幾率的最新研究，通過科學家MarkStelten的分析，解釋了如何根據火山的噴發歷史和當前活動來預測其噴發可能性。【8題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段“WrittenbyMarkStelten,ascientistattheYellowstoneVolcanoObservatory,thepostanalyzes(分析)thevolcano’seruptivehistoryandcurrentactivitytoshowthatthesleepinggiantshould,thankfully,remainasleepforawhilelonger.(這篇文章由黃石火山觀測站的科學家MarkStelten撰寫，分析了火山的噴發歷史和當前的活動，表明這顆沉睡的巨人應該多睡一段時間)”可知，黃石超級火山在可預見的未來保持不活躍狀態。故選C項。【9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第四段“Toexplainthisidea,Steltentakesabaseballforexampleintheupdate:“Imagineyoulivenexttoabaseballfield,andsometimesballslandinyouryard.Toguesswhenthenextballwillcome,youcounthowmanyhavelandedinaperiod(let’ssay,oneyear).Then,youcanestimatethechancesofanotherballarrivingtomorrow,nextweek,ornextmonth.”(為了解釋這個想法，Stelten在更新中以棒球為例：“想象一下，你住在棒球場旁邊，有時球會落在你的院子里。為了猜測下一個球什么時候會來，你可以計算一段時間內（比如一年）有多少球落在地上。然后，你可以估計明天、下周或下個月另一個球到達的機會。”)”可知，Stelten用棒球場中棒球落入院子的例子，類比科學家通過統計歷史噴發次數和間隔時間預測火山噴發概率的方法，可得出Stelten在最新消息中提到棒球是為了解釋科學家如何預測火山爆發。故選D項。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第三段“Steltensaysthatpredicting(預測)thelikelihoodofaneruptiondependsonknowingtheeruptivehistoryofthevolcanicsystem.(Stelten說，預測火山爆發的可能性取決于了解火山系統的噴發歷史)”和第七段“Instead,wemustcombinethesetypesofpredictionswithreal-timemonitoringofthevolcanotoassess(評估)thestateofthevolcanicsystem.(相反，我們必須將這些類型的預測（即歷史預測）與火山的實時監測相結合，以評估火山系統的狀態)”可知，Stelten認為黃石火山噴發的歷史在評估火山系統方面發揮了作用。故選B項。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第一段“ArecentupdatefromtheU.S.GeologicalSurveyoffersnewinsightsintothechancesofYellowstone’ssupervolcanoerupting.(美國地質調查局最近的一項更新為黃石超級火山爆發的可能性提供了新的見解)”以及縱觀全文可知，本文是一篇科學分析報告。故選A項。DPlantsplayakeyroleincontrollingEarth’sclimate,butnewresearchsuggestsrisingtemperaturesmaybreakthisbalance.Dr.SeanMichaletz,aresearcherattheUniversityofBritishColumbia,studieshowplantsrespondtoheat.Hisfindingschallengealong-heldideaabouthowplantslosewater,leadingtonewwaysofunderstandingclimatechange.Previously,scientiststhoughtplantslostmostoftheirwaterthroughtinypores(氣孔)thatcloseinhightemperaturestosavewater.However,Michaletz’sresearchfindsthatastemperaturesrise,plantslosemorewaterthroughtheircuticle(角質層)—whichcannotclose—thanthroughtheirtinypores.Thethinnerthecuticle,thegreaterthewaterloss.Thismeansthatinextremeheat,plantscontinuelosingwaterbutcannottakeincarbondioxide(CO2),reducingtheirroleasacarbonsink.Inextremetemperatures,theycouldevenbecomecarbonsources,worseningclimatechange.Michaletz’sstudiesshowthatphotosynthesis(光合作用)startstobreakdownbetween40℃and51℃.Inthe2021heatwave,temperaturessoaredto49.6℃,pushingplantstotheirlimits.Michaletz’songoingresearchsuggeststhat60℃maybethehighesttemperatureplantscansurvive—beyondthispoint,proteinsbreakdown,leadingtocelldamageanddeath.Onlyafewdesertandtropicalspecieshaveeverbeenobservedsurvivingatsuchextremetemperatures.Scientistsareworkingtofindoutthe“tippingpoint”whereEarth’svegetationgivesoutmoreCO2thanittakesin,whichturnsthemfromacarbonsinkintoacarbonsource.Thistippingpointcouldhappenataround30℃,thoughkeyuncertaintiesremain—especiallyhowmicroclimatesandwateraffectphotosynthesisunderextremeheat.Plantshavesurvivedhotweatherforhundredsofmillionsofyears,butallspeciesfaceupperlimitssetbythelawsofphysics.Whilesomeplantscanbearhighertemperaturesbetterthanothers,scientistsareunsurehowsoontheymightreachtheirbreakingpoint.Basedonrecentmeasurements,wemaybecloserthanwethink.12.Itwaspreviouslybelievedthatplantsinhotweathercould______.A.losewaterthroughtheircuticle B.havesideeffectsontheecosystemC.sendoutmorecarbonthanexpected D.savewaterbyclosingtheirtinypores13.WhatdoesMichaletz’sresearchsuggest?A.Plants’cuticlecouldstopwaterlossintheheat.B.Somedesertplantscanpredictextremeweather.C.Photosynthesisstartstobreakdownataround60℃.D.Risingtemperaturesreduceplants’abilitytotakeinCO2.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“soared”inparagraph4mean?A.Fellsharply. B.Changeddaily. C.Increasedquickly. D.Movedcarefully.15.Whatcanbeinferredaboutglobalwarmingfromthelastparagraph?A.Itislikelytogetworsesoon. B.Itisreachingthebreakingpoint.C.Itisnotasseriousaswethought. D.Itisnotbasedonthelateststudy.【答案】12.D13.D14.C15.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了新研究發現高溫下植物通過角質層大量失水且無法吸收二氧化碳，可能從碳匯變為碳源，加劇氣候變化，同時科學家正研究植被的臨界溫度，而當前變暖趨勢可能比預期更快逼近植物生存極限。【12題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段中“Previously,scientiststhoughtplantslostmostoftheirwaterthroughtinypores(氣孔)thatcloseinhightemperaturestosavewater.(以前，科學家認為植物的大部分水分都是通過微小的氣孔流失的，這些氣孔在高溫下閉合以節省水分)”可知，以前人們認為，在炎熱的天氣里，植物可以通過閉合氣孔來節約水分。故選D項。【13題詳析】細節理解題。根據第三段中“Thismeansthatinextremeheat,plantscontinuelosingwaterbutcannottakeincarbondioxide(CO2),reducingtheirroleasacarbonsink.(這意味著在極端高溫下，植物會持續失水卻無法吸收二氧化碳(CO?)，從而削弱其作為碳匯的作用)”可知，Michaletz的研究表明，氣溫上升會降低植物吸收二氧化碳的能力。故選D項。【14題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據畫線詞的上文“Inthe2021heatwave(在2021年的熱浪中)”和下文“pushingplantstotheirlimits(將植物推向極限)”可推知，熱浪意味著氣溫飆升，從而威脅植物的生存，畫線詞意為“快速上升”。故選C項。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Plantshavesurvivedhotweatherforhundredsofmillionsofyears,butallspeciesfaceupperlimitssetbythelawsofphysics.Whilesomeplantscanbearhighertemperaturesbetterthanothers,scientistsareunsurehowsoontheymightreachtheirbreakingpoint.Basedonrecentmeasurements,wemaybecloserthanwethink.(植物在炎熱的天氣中生存了數億年，但所有物種都面臨物理定律設定的上限。雖然有些植物比其他植物更能承受更高的溫度，但科學家們不確定它們多久能達到極限。根據最近的測量，我們可能比我們想象的更接近)”可知，植物有溫度上限，且它們達到臨界點的時間可能比想象的更接近，這表明全球變暖可能加速惡化。故選A項。第二節（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Aswebecomeincreasinglyawareoftheimpactouractionshaveontheenvironment,moreandmoreofusarelookingforwaystoreduceourcarbonfootprint.Throughoutagiventrip,bothbigandsmalldecisionsyoumakecanaffectalotthetotalamountofgreenhousegasemissions(排放)producedbyyourholiday.___16___?Herearesometipsonenjoyinga“green”holiday.·Keepitlightonluggage(行李).Everysingleextrakiloyoucarryarounddrivesupemissions.___17___.Packing(收拾行李)withpurposecanactivelycutyourcarbonfootprint.Soyoucantravelwithamorethoughtful,lighterbag.It’sasmallchangethatcanmakeabigdifference.·Explorewithcare.___18___.Insteadoffightingtraffic,youmightfindhiddentreasuresbychance,andyou’remorelikelytomeetnewpeople.Thishabitcanconnectyouwiththecityyou’revisitingandhelpyouknowthecitybetter.·___19___.Beabigbelieverinaskingquestions,especiallywhenitcomestoahotel’simpactonpeopleandtheplanet.Askyourhoteltosharehowitsourcesrenewableenergy,saveswater,andmanageswaste.Ifthehotelcan’tshowproofofsimilaraction,keepdigging.Themorewe,astourists,asksimilarquestions,themoretheindustrywillmovetowardresponsiblepractices.·Doyourparttoprotectthelocalcommunity.Volunteerforabeachclean-up,joinareforestationproject,orjustpickuprubbishasyoutravel.Evensuchsmalleffortscanhelpprotectnaturalbeautyforfuturegenerations.___20___.A.Askaboutyourhotel’scarbonfootprintB.WhatdoyouthinkofthebenefitsofthemC.DosomethingbigtomakeothersawareoftheproblemD.SohowcanwemakeadifferencewhenheadingonholidayE.What’smore,itslowsyoudownwhenyouexploreanewcityF.Changingfromtaxistobikesmeansyou’rekindtotheenvironmentG.Youractionsmakeyourtripmeaningfullongafteryou’vegonehome【答案】16.D17.E18.F19.A20.G【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章分享了實現環保旅行的實用建議。【16題詳析】前文“Throughoutagiventrip,bothbigandsmalldecisionsyoumakecanaffectalotthetotalamountofgreenhousegasemissions(排放)producedbyyourholiday.(在一次旅行中，你所做的大大小小的決定都會對你假期產生的溫室氣體排放總量產生很大的影響)”提到旅行中的決策會影響碳排放，后文“Herearesometipsonenjoyinga“green”holiday.(這里有一些享受“綠色”假期的建議)”給出具體建議，此處需一個問句引出綠色旅行的主題，因此D項“Sohowcanwemakeadifferencewhenheadingonholiday(那么，我們如何在度假時做出改變呢)”符合語境，承前啟后。故選D。【17題詳析】前文“Keepitlightonluggage(行李).Everysingleextrakiloyoucarryarounddrivesupemissions.(行李要輕便。你每多帶一公斤就會增加排放)”建議輕裝出行，指出行李過多的一個弊端，因此E項“What’smore,itslowsyoudownwhenyouexploreanewcity(此外，這也會拖慢你探索新城市的腳步)”符合語境，補充說明行李過多的另一弊端，承接前文。故選E。【18題詳析】后文“Insteadoffightingtraffic,youmightfindhiddentreasuresbychance,andyou’remorelikelytomeetnewpeople.(你可能會偶然發現隱藏的寶藏，而不是與交通擁堵作斗爭，你也更有可能結識新朋友)”提到避開擁堵交通、偶遇隱藏景點和便于交友三個好處，因此F項“Changingfromtaxistobikesmeansyou’rekindtotheenvironment(從打車改為騎車意味著你對環境更友好)”符合語境，指出騎車出行更環保，后一句是騎車出行其他的好處。故選F。【19題詳析】后文“Beabigbelieverinaskingquestions,especiallywhenitcomestoahotel’simpactonpeopleandtheplanet.Askyourhoteltosharehowitsourcesrenewableenergy,saveswater,andmanageswaste.Ifthehotelcan’tshowproofofsimilaraction,keepdigging.(堅持問問題，尤其是當酒店對人類和地球的影響時。要求你的酒店分享如何使用可再生能源、節約用水和管理廢物。如果酒店不能提供類似行為的證據，那就繼續調查)”詳細說明如何詢問酒店的環保措施，此處作為段首句，應建議了解酒店的環保情況，因此A項“Askaboutyourhotel’scarbonfootprint(詢問酒店的碳足跡情況)”符合語境，統領段落內容。故選A。【20題詳析】前文“Evensuchsmalleffortscanhelpprotectnaturalbeautyforfuturegenerations.(即使是這樣的小努力也可以為子孫后代保護自然美景)”強調保護當地社區的長期價值，因此G項“Youractionsmakeyourtripmeaningfullongafteryou’vegonehome(你的行動會讓旅行的意義延續至歸家之后)”符合語境，總結這種持續性影響，承接前文。故選G。第三部分語言運用（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。VirginiaSquierchaperoned(陪伴)agroupofmiddleschoolstudentsonatourofEngland.She___21___alongherdaughter,Chambers,whowaseightyearsoldatthetime.Thatday,Squier,herdaughterandtheschoolgroupjustgotoffthetrainintheLondonUndergroundandstoodonaplatform(站臺)getting___22___toheadtotheirnextdestination.Itwas5pmandthestationwas___23___.SquiertookholdofChambers’handandbegan___24___herstudents.Justthen,a___25___arrivedattheplatform.“___26___,mydaughterletgoofmyhand,jumpedonthetrain,andthedoorsbeganto___27___,”Squiersaid.“Asthetraingathered___28___,Iranalongsidetryingtoforcethedooropen.Ontheothersideoftheglass,Icouldseemydaughter’s___29___face.”Thelast___30___SquiersawbeforethetrainpulledoutofthestationwasChamberscrying.Behindher,ayoungman___31___fromhisseatandstartedmovingtowardChambers.Shocked,Squier___32___aworkeratthestationforhelp,butshefoundtheworkerwasnotanativeEnglishspeaker,whichmadeexplaininghersituation___33___.About10minuteslater,oneofherstudentsshouted,“She’sback!”Theyoungmanonthetrainsawwhathadhappened.HecomfortedChambersand___34___heroffthetrainatthenextstop.Theythen___35___anothertrainheadedbacktohermother.21.A.looked B.worked C.sang D.brought22.A.ready B.willing C.nervous D.messy23.A.cold B.artistic C.crowded D.empty24.A.praising B.counting C.lecturing D.protecting25.A.train B.taxi C.car D.bus26.A.Finally B.Slowly C.Suddenly D.Naturally27.A.close B.open C.break D.shake28.A.force B.heat C.power D.speed29.A.frightened B.satisfied C.interested D.bored30.A.event B.sight C.accident D.race31.A.escaped B.retired C.cried D.rose32.A.referredto B.pickedup C.turnedto D.wokeup33.A.orderly B.acceptable C.joyous D.difficult34.A.pushed B.guided C.watched D.greeted35.A.booked B.missed C.boarded D.stopped【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.B25.A26.C27.A28.D29.A30.B31.D32.C33.D34.B35.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Squier帶著8歲女兒Chambers和學生們在倫敦地鐵站時，女兒突然跳上即將關閉的列車，幸得好心乘客幫助，在下一站下車并安全返回。【21題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她帶著當時8歲的女兒Chambers同行。A.looked看；B.worked工作；C.sang唱歌；D.brought帶來。根據上文“VirginiaSquierchaperoned(陪伴)agroupofmiddleschoolstudentsonatourofEngland.”可知，Squier是在陪同中學生到英國旅游時，帶著自己的女兒同行。故選D。【22題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那天，Squier、她的女兒和學校的學生們剛從倫敦地鐵下了車，站在站臺上準備前往下一個目的地。A.ready準備好的；B.willing愿意的；C.nervous緊張的；D.messy凌亂的。根據上文“stoodonaplatform(站臺)”和下文“headtotheirnextdestination”可知，他們一行人是站在地鐵站臺上，準備前往下一個目的地，短語getreadytodo意為“準備做某事”。故選A。【23題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當時是下午5點，車站里擠滿了人。A.cold寒冷的；B.artistic藝術的；C.crowded擁擠的；D.empty空的。根據上文“Itwas5pm”及生活常識可知，下午5點是地鐵出行的高峰期，車站里應該是擠滿了人。故選C。【24題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Squier抓住Chambers的手，開始數她的學生。A.praising贊美；B.counting數數；C.lecturing講課；D.protecting保護。根據上文“VirginiaSquierchaperoned(陪伴)agroupofmiddleschoolstudentsonatourofEngland.”和“Thatday,Squier,herdaughterandtheschoolgroupjustgotoffthetrainintheLondonUnderground”可知，他們一行人是在外旅游，此時在地鐵站臺上，身為陪同人員的Squier應該是數她的學生，確保沒有人走失。故選B。【25題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就在這時，一輛列車到站了。A.train列車；B.taxi出租車；C.car汽車；D.bus公交車。根據下文“mydaughterletgoofmyhand,jumpedonthetrain”可知，Chambers跳上了列車，因此是一輛列車到站了。故選A。【26題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“突然，我的女兒放開了我的手，跳上了列車，車門開始關閉，”Squier說。A.Finally最后；B.Slowly慢慢地；C.Suddenly突然地；D.Naturally自然地。根據上文“SquiertookholdofChambers’hand”和下文“mydaughterletgoofmyhand,jumpedonthetrain”可知，原本Squier抓著Chambers的手，Chambers放開Squier的手，跳上列車應該是突然間發生的事。故選C。【27題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“突然，我的女兒放開了我的手，跳上了列車，車門開始關閉，”Squier說。A.close關閉；B.open打開；C.break打破；D.shake搖晃。根據下文“Iranalongsidetryingtoforcethedooropen”可知，Squier試圖強行打開車門，因此車門是開始關閉。故選A。【28題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著列車加速，我跑到旁邊，試圖強行打開車門。A.force力量；B.heat熱量；C.power權力；D.speed速度。根據下文“beforethetrainpulledoutofthestation”可知，后來列車駛出車站，結合生活常識可知，地鐵列車等乘客上去后會慢慢加速，駛出車站，短語gatherspeed意為“加速”。故選D。【29題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在玻璃的另一邊，我可以看到我女兒害怕的臉。A.frightened害怕的；B.satisfied滿意的；C.interested感興趣的；D.bored無聊的。根據下文“Thelast______SquiersawbeforethetrainpulledoutofthestationwasChamberscrying.”可知，列車駛出車站前，Chambers在哭泣，因此Squier看到的是她害怕的臉。故選A。【30題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Squier在列車駛出車站前看到的最后一個景象是Chambers在哭泣。A.event事件；B.sight景象；C.accident事故；D.race比賽。根據下文“Chamberscrying”可知，Chambers在哭泣是Squier看到的最后一個景象。故選B。【31題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在她身后，一個年輕人從座位上站起來，開始向Chambers走去。A.escaped逃脫；B.retired退休；C.cried哭泣；D.rose起身。根據下文“fromhisseatandstartedmovingtowardChambers”可知，原本坐著的年輕人是從座位上站起來，再向Chambers走去，短語risefrom意為“從……站起來”。故選D。【32題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：Squier震驚了，她向車站的一名工作人員求助，但她發現這名工作人員的母語不是英語，這讓她很難解釋自己的處境。A.referredto提到；B.pickedup撿起，學會；C.turnedto轉向，求助于；D.wokeup醒來。根據下文“aworkeratthestationforhelp”可知，Squier是向車站的一名工作人員求助，短語turntosb.forhelp意為“向某人求助”。故選C。【33題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Squier震驚了，她向車站的一名工作人員求助，但她發現這名工作人員的母語不是英語，這讓她很難解釋自己的處境。A.orderly有序的；B.acceptable可接受的；C.joyous快樂的；D.difficult困難的。根據上文“theworkerwasnotanativeEnglishspeaker”可知，這名工作人員的母語不是英語，因此Squier很難解釋自己的處境。故選D。【34題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他安慰Chambers，并引導她在下一站下車。A.pushed推；B.guided引導；C.watched觀看；D.greeted問候。根據上文“HecomfortedChambers”可知，年輕人安慰Chambers，他很友善，因此會引導坐錯車的她在下一站下車。故選B。【35題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，他們登上了另一輛開往她母親的列車。A.booked預訂；B.missed錯過；C.boarded登上；D.stopped停止。根據上文“About10minuteslater,oneofherstudentsshouted,“She’sback!””可知，Chambers在年輕人的幫助下坐車回來了，因此兩人是登上了另一輛開往她母親的列車。故選C。第二節（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。QingmingFestivalisatraditionalChineseholiday___36___(observe)torememberancestors(祖先)andhonourthedead.FallingaroundearlyApril,Qingminghasgreatcultural___37___(important)inChinesesociety.The___38___(tradition)ofQingmingFestivalwerenotformedovernight;instead,theycamefromtheColdFoodFestivalandasadstoryaboutJieZitui,afollowerofDukeWenfromthestateofJinduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod.WhenDukeWenwasinexile(流放),JieZituihelpedhimsurvive.Wenwassomovedthathepromised___39___(reward)Jieoneday.However,Jiewasnotthetypeofperson___40___soughtrewards.Later,Wenbecametherulerandrewardedhisfollowers.However,JieZituirefusedanyrewardandmovedtoamountain.WhenWen___41___(eventual)discoveredJie’swhereabouts,heorderedhisarmytosettheforestonfire,forcingJieout.Whenthefirestopped,Jie___42___(find)deadunderaburntwillowtree.Inmemory___43___Jie,WenannouncedthatnofiresshouldbelitonthedayofJie’sdeathandpeopleshouldeatcoldfood,___44___(give)risetotheColdFoodFestival.Atfirst,onlythestateofJinfollowedthiscustom,butlater,____45____festivalspreadacrossChina.【答案】36.observed37.importance38.traditions39.toreward40.who/that41.eventually42.wasfound43.of44.giving45.the【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了清明節由寒食節演變而來，其核心習俗與紀念春秋時期介子推的忠義事跡密切相關。【36題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：清明節是中國傳統節日，用以緬懷祖先、祭奠逝者。句子已有謂語，空處是非謂語，作holiday的后置定語，observe“慶祝”和holiday邏輯上是動賓關系，因此用observe的過去分詞形式。故填observed。【37題詳析】考查名詞。句意：它通常在四月初到來，在中國社會具有重要的文化意義。空處作has的賓語，被great和cultural修飾，名詞importance符合題意，意為“重要性”，是不可數名詞。故填importance。【38題詳析】考查名詞復數。句意：清明節的習俗并非一蹴而就，而是源于寒食節以及春秋時期晉國忠臣介子推的悲壯故事。空處作主語，根據“were”可知，可數名詞tradition“傳統”應用復數形式。故填traditions。【39題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：晉文公深受感動，承諾日后重賞介子推。promisetodosth.為固定搭配，表示“承諾做某事”，空處應用reward“獎賞”的不定式形式。故填toreward。【40題詳析】考查定語從句。句意：但介子推淡泊名利。空處引導限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞person，先行詞指人，在從句中作主語，應用關系代詞who或that作引導詞。故填who或that。【41題詳析】考查副詞。句意：當晉文公最終發現介子推蹤跡時，竟令士兵焚山逼其出山。空處修飾動詞discovered，副詞eventually符合題意，意為“最終”。故填eventually。【42題詳析】考查動詞時態語態和主謂一致。句意：火熄后，人們發現介子推已抱柳而亡。空處作句子的謂語，根據“Whenthefirestopped”可知，此處在敘述過去發生的事情，時態應用一般過去時，find“發現”和主語Jie之間是被動關系，應用被動語態，且主語是單數，be動詞應用was。故填wasfound。【43題詳析】考查介詞。句意：為紀念他，晉文公下令其忌日禁火食冷，由此