2/22021-2022學年河北省泊頭市聞知高級中學高一年級9月上旬教學質量檢測試卷時間：100分鐘分值：120分第I卷（選擇題）第一部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分50分）第一節（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ACampecheisacitywithatumultuoushistory.OriginallythisareawassettledbytheMayans.ThefirstSpanishcolonizersarrivedin1517andestablishedCampecheasthemainportintheregion.Unsurprisingly,thismadeCampecheanattractivetargetforpirateswhofirstarrivedinthelate16century.Forthenext200years,Campechewasfrequentlyattacked.Nevertheless,itisadelightfulcityandfilledwithinterestingthingstodo.ExploretheoldcityofCampecheTherearealotofbeautifulrestoredoldtownsinMexico,butCampecheisoneofthenicest,cleanestandmostelegant.TheCampecheneighborhoodislovelyandcolorful,withneatsidewalksandsmoothlylaidoutroads!WanderalongtheCampecheMaleconOneofthenicestthingsaboutCampecheisitswaterfrontsetting.Thebestwaytoenjoythat?Wanderingalongthemalecon,orthewalkwayalongthewaterfront,justbeforesunset.Thisisthetimewhenitcoolsdownandeveryonecomesouttoseethingsandtobeseen.You'llseecouplesposingforphotographers,joggers,cyclists,elderlypeoplehavingconversationsandgroupsofteenagersgiggling.StopforaBiteatCalle59Calle59isapedestrian-onlystreetfilledwithoutdoortablesfromthesurroundingrestaurants.Youcancathereatnight,butalotofpeoplecomefordrinks.ThisistheoneplaceinCampechethatfeelstouristy—itstablesarefilledwithgiantbeersthatgetsharedamongmultiplepeoples.1．WhichofthefollowingsentencecanbestdescribeCampeche?A．Campechehasalargepopulation.B．Campecheisacitywithmixedheritage.C．Campechehasexperiencedyearsofcivilwar.D．Campecheonceappealedtopiratesforitsculture.2．What'sthebestthingforvisitorstodobeforesunset?A．Havinganicewalkalongthemalecon. B．EnjoyingtheatmosphereofCampeche.C．Drinkingbeersintherestaurants. D．Takingsomepicturesofthesunset.3．Ifyouwanttosensethetouristyatmospherethebestchoiceis_____________.A．Mexico. B．Calle59.C．TheCampecheneighborhood. D．TheCampecheMalecon.【答案】1．B2．A3．B【解析】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了一個名為Campeche的城市歷史，以及游覽它的一些建議。1．推理判斷題。根據第一段中“Campecheisacitywithatumultuoushistory.OriginallythisareawassettledbytheMayans.ThefirstSpanishcolonizersarrivedin1517andestablishedCampecheasthemainportintheregion.Unsurprisingly,thismadeCampecheanattractivetargetforpirateswhofirstarrivedinthelate16century.Forthenext200years,Campechewasfrequentlyattacked.(坎佩切是一個有著動蕩歷史的城市。最初是瑪雅人在這一地區定居。第一批西班牙殖民者于1517年抵達這里，并將坎佩切建立為該地區的主要港口。不出所意料，這使得坎佩切成為了16世紀晚期首次來到這里的海盜的一個有吸引力的目標。在接下來的200年里，坎佩切經常遭到襲擊)”可推知，坎佩切是一個有著混合遺跡的城市。故選B。2．細節理解題。根據WanderalongtheCampecheMalecon部分中“Thebestwaytoenjoythat?Wanderingalongthemalecon,orthewalkwayalongthewaterfront,justbeforesunset.(最好的享受方式是什么？在日落之前，沿著河邊的海濱大道漫步)”可知，日落前游客最好沿著海濱大道好好走一走。故選A。3．細節理解題。根據最后一段“Calle59isapedestrian-onlystreetfilledwithoutdoortablesfromthesurroundingrestaurants.Youcancathereatnight,butalotofpeoplecomefordrinks.ThisistheoneplaceinCampechethatfeelstouristy—itstablesarefilledwithgiantbeersthatgetsharedamongmultiplepeoples.(Calle59是一條步行街，到處都是周邊餐廳的戶外餐桌。你可以在晚上在這里吃飯，但是很多人來這里喝酒。這是坎佩切唯一一個游客常去的地方——它的桌子上擺滿了可供多人分享的巨型啤酒)”可知，如果你想感受旅游的氛圍，最好的選擇是Calle59。故選B。BIn1998,peopleinNaDoi,aquietvillageinnorthwestThailand,noticedthattheirfishcatchesinthenearbyNgaoRiverweredeclining.Thefishtheydidmanagetonetwerealsogettingsmaller.Together,NaDoi’s75householdsdecidedtotryanewsolution:theywouldsetasideasmallstretchofrivertobestrictlyoff-limitstofishing.Therulesareusuallysimple:nofishingofanykindinanagreed-uponareamarkedbyflagsorsigns.Whilefreshwaterreserveswon’tsolveeverything,inplaceswherefishpopulationsareunderpressure,theycangivespeciesmuch-neededbreathingroomtorebuildtheirnumbers,ultimatelymakingthembetterabletoweatherotherenvironmentalproblems.NaDoiwasthesecondvillageintheNgaoRivervalleytoadoptthispioneeringapproachtofreshwaterfisheriesmanagement.Sincethelate1990s,atleast50othervillagestherehavedonethesame.Asawhole,theentirelygrassroots-ledreserveshavebeensurprisinglysuccessful,accordingtofindingsrecentlypublishedinNature.Mostimportantly,theThailandcaseprovidesprobablythebestreal-worldproofthatfisheriesreservescanbenefitnotjustoceans,butfreshwater,tooIn2012.AaronKoning,thenadoctoralstudentattheUniversityofWisconsin,beganinvestigatingtheNgaoRivervalleyreservestoseehowwidespreadandsuccessfultheytrulywere.Koningfound,notsurprisingly,thatolderandbiggerreservesweremoresuccessful,becausetheyofferedmoretimeandspace—includingmorekindsofhabitat—inwhichtorebuildfishpopulationsandre-establishrarespecies.Butevenreservesestablishedinthelastcoupleofyearsshowedclearbenefitsfrombeingsparedintensefishingpressure.“Reservesthatwerelocatedclosertoavillagetendedtohaveanadvantage,”Koningsays,“probablybecausevillagerswerebetterabletoenforcetherules.”Bycomparingdifferentsystemsandapproachesaroundtheworld,Koningandhiscolleagueshopetoidentifycommonfactorsforsuccessthatcouldbetailoredtodiverseriversandlakes.4．WhatdroveNaDoitocreatefreshwaterreserves?A．Thedecliningofthefreshwater.B．Thesuccessofthenearbyvillages.C．Theincreasingfishpopulations.D．Theworseningofthefishingconditions.5．WhatdoesthesuccessofThailandfreshwaterreservessuggest?A．Fisheriesreservesarehelpfulinfreshwater.B．Thailandisapioneerinfisheriesmanagement.C．TheThailandapproachhasbeenappliedworldwide.D．Manyfishspeciesneedtorebuildtheirnumbers,6．AaronKoningfoundreservesthat________weremoresuccessful.A．hadbetterrules B．werebiggerandolderC．hadmorefishpopulations D．werecreatedmorerecently7．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Grassroots-ledReservesInspiretheWorldsB．FisheriesReservesBenefitThailandRiversC．InvestigatetheNgaoRiverValleyReservesD．NaDoiIsLeadingThailandtoaBetterFuture【答案】4．D5．A6．B7．B【解析】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了泰國的一些農民在河流中設立淡水保護區來保護水域和漁業，并取得了良好的成效。4．細節理解題。根據文章第一段“In1998,peopleinNaDoi,aquietvillageinnorthwestThailand,noticedthattheirfishcatchesinthenearbyNgaoRiverweredeclining.Thefishtheydidmanagetonetwerealsogettingsmaller.Together,NaDoi’s75householdsdecidedtotryanewsolution:theywouldsetasideasmallstretchofrivertobestrictlyoff-limitstofishing.(1998年，在泰國西北部一個安靜的村莊納多伊，人們注意到他們在附近的Ngao河上的漁獲量正在下降。他們設法捕捉到的魚也在變小。納多伊的75戶家庭決定一起嘗試一種新的解決方案：他們將留出一小段河流，嚴格禁止捕魚)”可知，由于漁民的捕魚量數量下降，所以納多伊預留出一小段河流禁止捕魚。即捕魚條件的惡化，促使納多伊開始建立淡水保護區。故選D。5．細節理解題。根據文章第三段“Mostimportantly,theThailandcaseprovidesprobablythebestreal-worldproofthatfisheriesreservescanbenefitnotjustoceans,butfreshwater,too.(最重要的是，泰國的案例提供了可能是最好的真實世界的證據，證明漁業儲備不僅可以使海洋受益，也可以使淡水受益)”可知，泰國的淡水保護區成功可以證明漁業儲備可以讓淡水受益。故選A。6．細節理解題。根據文章第四段“Koningfound,notsurprisingly,thatolderandbiggerreservesweremoresuccessful(Koning發現，毫無疑問，更古老和更大的保護區更成功)”可知，Koning發現更古老和更大的保護區更成功。故選B。7．主旨大意題。根據文章第一段“Together,NaDoi’s75householdsdecidedtotryanewsolution:theywouldsetasideasmallstretchofrivertobestrictlyoff-limitstofishing.(納多伊的75戶家庭決定一起嘗試一種新的解決方案：他們將留出一小段河流，嚴格禁止捕魚)”和文章第三段“Mostimportantly,theThailandcaseprovidesprobablythebestreal-worldproofthatfisheriesreservescanbenefitnotjustoceans,butfreshwater,too.(最重要的是，泰國的案例提供了可能是最好的真實世界的證據，證明漁業儲備不僅可以使海洋受益，也可以使淡水受益)”可知，本文主要介紹了泰國的一些農民在河流中設立淡水保護區來保護水域和漁業，并取得了良好的成效。那么B項FisheriesReservesBenefitThailandRivers(漁業保護區對泰國河流有利)滿足題意。故選B。CArttherapy（治療）involvestheuseofcreativetechniquessuchasdrawing,painting,coloring,orsculptingtohelppeopleexpressthemselvesartisticallyandexaminethepsychologicalandemotionalundertones.Withtheguidanceofanarttherapist,clientscar"decode"thenonverbalmessagesintheseartforms,whichleadtoabetterunderstandingoftheirfeelingsandbehaviorsotheycanresolvedeeperissues.Arttherapyhelpspeopleexploretheiremotions,relievestress.improvesymptomsofanxietyanddepression,andcopewithaphysicalillnessordisability.Noartistictalentisnecessaryforarttherapytosucceed,becausethetherapeuticprocessisnotabouttheartisticvalueofthework,butratheraboutfindingassociationsbetweenthecreativechoicesmadeandaclient'sinnerlife.TheartworkcanbeusedasaspringboardforreawakeningmemoriesandtellingstoriesthatmayrevealmessagesandbeliefsfromtheunconsciousmindAswithanyformoftherapy,yourfirstsessionwillconsistofyourtalkingtothetherapistaboutwhyyouwanttofindhelpandlearningwhatthetherapisthastoofferTogether,youwillcomeupwithatreatmentplanthatinvolvescreatingsomeformofartwork.Onceyoubegincreating,thetherapistmay,attimes,simplyobserveyourprocessasyouwork,withoutinterrupting.Whenyouhavefinishedapieceofartwork—andsometimeswhileyouarestillworkingonit-thetherapistwillaskyouquestionsofhowyoufeelabouttheartisticprocess,whatiseasyordifficultaboutcreatingyourartwork,andwhatthoughtsormemoriesyoumighthavehadwhileyouareworking.Generally,thetherapistwillaskaboutyourexperienceandfeelingsbeforeprovidinganyobservations.Arttherapyisfoundedonthebeliefthatself-expressionthroughartisticcreationhastherapeuticvalueforthosewhoarehealingorseekingdeeperunderstandingofthemselvesandtheirpersonalities.Arttherapistsaretrainedtounderstandtherolesthatvariousartmedialikecolorcanplayinthetherapeuticprocessandhowthesetoolscanhelprevealone'sthoughts,feelings,andpsychologicaldisposition.8．Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toteachpeopletobearttherapists.B．Toexplaintheoriginofarttherapy.C．Topraisethedevotionoftherapists.D．Topopularizeknowledgeofarttherapy.9．Whichofthefollowingmattersleastinthetherapeuticprocess?A．Thestyleofthework. B．Theemotionsoftheclient.C．Thememoriesoftheclient. D．Theartisticvalueofthework.10．Whatdoesthearttherapist'sconclusionmainlydependon?A．Theclient'squestions. B．Theclient'sexplanations.C．Thetherapist'sfeelings D．Thelengthoftheartisticprocess.11．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Littletrainingisneededtobecomeanarttherapist.B．Choicesofartelementsreflectpeople'sinnerworld.C．Arttherapistsneedtohavestrongbeliefinthemselves.D．Clientsarerequiredtousedifferenttoolstoshowthemselves.【答案】8．D9．D10．B11．B【解析】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了藝術治療的相關概念、內容、作用和方法。8．推理判斷題。根據文章第一段“Arttherapyinvolvestheuseofcreativetechniquessuchasdrawing,painting,coloring,orsculptingtohelppeopleexpressthemselvesartisticallyandexaminethepsychologicalandemotionalundertones.（藝術治療包括使用創造性的技術，如繪畫，繪畫，著色，或雕塑，以幫助人們表達自己的藝術和檢查心理和情感的潛調。）”可知，作者寫這篇文章的主要目的是為了普及藝術治療的知識。故選D。9．細節理解題。根據文章第二段“Noartistictalentisnecessaryforarttherapytosucceed,becausethetherapeuticprocessisnotabouttheartisticvalueofthework,butratheraboutfindingassociationsbetweenthecreativechoicesmadeandaclient'sinnerlife.（藝術治療的成功并不需要藝術天賦，因為治療的過程不是關于作品的藝術價值，而是關于尋找創造性選擇與客戶的內心生活之間的聯系。）可知，在治療過程中，作品的藝術價值最不重要。故選D。10．推理判斷題。根據文章第三段“Onceyoubegincreating,thetherapistmay,attimes,simplyobserveyourprocessasyouwork,withoutinterrupting.Whenyouhavefinishedapieceofartwork—andsometimeswhileyouarestillworkingonit-thetherapistwillaskyouquestionsofhowyoufeelabouttheartisticprocess（一旦你開始創造，治療師有時會在你工作的時候觀察你的過程，而不會打斷你。當你完成了一件藝術作品——有時當你還在做的時候——治療師會問你對藝術過程的感覺如何）可知，在客戶進行藝術創作的過程中，治療師可能會觀察和提問，在之后也會詢問很多問題。以及最后一句“Generally,thetherapistwillaskaboutyourexperienceandfeelingsbeforeprovidinganyobservations.（通常，治療師會在提供任何觀察之前詢問你的經驗和感受。）可推知，藝術治療師的結論主要取決于客戶的解釋。故選B。11．推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“Arttherapistsaretrainedtounderstandtherolesthatvariousartmedialikecolorcanplayinthetherapeuticprocessandhowthesetoolscanhelprevealone'sthoughts，feelings,andpsychologicaldisposition.（藝術治療師接受培訓，了解各種藝術媒介(如顏色)在治療過程中所扮演的角色，以及這些工具如何幫助揭示一個人的思想、感情和心理傾向。）”可以推斷出藝術元素的選擇反映了人的內心世界。故選B。DNowadaysmedicaltechnologyseemstobeadvancedenoughfordoctorstoperformbraintransplants(移植).Thoughthisprocedurehasonlybeensuccessfullyperformedonanimalssofar,doctorsarestillhopingtoperformthisprocedureonhumans.However,inmyopinion,braintransplantsshouldnotbeperformedatall,especiallynotonhumansbecauseofthelargenumberofproblemsandsideeffectsthatcouldcomealongwith.Hopefullythesedangeroussideeffectswillconvincedoctorsnottoperformthisprocedureonhumans.Despitemanybenefitstechnologybrings,Idonotthinkthismedicaltechnologyofbraintransplantswillhelp.Wewereallbornwithonebrainandthroughchildhoodtoadolescenceourminddevelopedintowhoweare,soifwithadifferentbrainwewouldnolongerbeunique.Apersonwithadifferentbrainwouldseemtobeatotalstrangerandinmanywaystheywouldbe.Nooneshouldstealouridentityfromus,evenifweareseriouslyinjured,andchangeittoacompletelynewone.Alsoforthepeoplewhohavediedwithhealthybrains,thatwastheiridentityanditshouldnotbegiventoanyoneelse.Anotherproblemwithbraintransplantsishowdoctorscanchoosewhatare“healthy”or“normal”brains.Anelderlypersonwhohasdiedwouldhaveanagedbrainthatwouldnotbeasefficientasayoungerperson’sbrain.Thenwoulddoctorshavetofindhealthybrainsofthesameageasthepersonwhoneedsit?Thiscouldalsobringupotherfactorssuchasintelligence,gender,orphysicalproblemsthatapersonmighthavehadbeforedeath.Alsoanotherproblemmightbehowlongabraincanbekept“alive”afterdeathandhowitcanbekept“alive”withoutdamage.Overall,myfeelingsaboutthissurgeryarethatitshouldnotbedoneonhumansuntildoctorshaveovercomealltheproblemsandobstacles(障礙)thatstandintheirwayofmakinghumanbraintransplantssuccessful.12．Whydoestheauthorthinkbraintransplantsshouldnotbeperformedatall?A．Thecostofthesurgeryisextremelyhigh.B．Doctorsarenotabletoperformbraintransplants.C．Agoodmanyproblemsandsideeffectsmayarise.D．Thisprocedurehasonlybeensuccessfulonanimals.13．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Peopleshouldn’tgivetheirhealthybrainstoothers.B．Havingabraintransplantmeanslosingone’sidentity.C．Transplantingbrainsischangingoldbrainsintonewones.D．Havingbraintransplantsindicatesstealingidentityfromothers.14．Whatdoweknowabout“healthy”brains?A．Agedbrainsaren’thealthybrains. B．Youngbrainsarealwayshealthy.C．Healthybrainscannotbekept“alive”. D．It’sverydifficulttotellhealthybrains.15．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A．Toencouragebraindonation.B．Tostresstheimportanceofbrainoperation.C．Toargueagainstbraintransplantsonhumans.D．Tointroducethetechnologyofbraintransplants.【答案】12．C13．B14．D15．C【解析】這是一篇議論文。雖然醫療技術越來越發達，在動物身上已經成功實施了腦部移植，但是作者認為不應該進行腦部移植，尤其是人類腦部移植。12．細節理解題。根據第一段中“However,inmyopinion,braintransplantsshouldnotbeperformedatall,especiallynotonhumansbecauseofthelargenumberofproblemsandsideeffectsthatcouldcomealongwith.”可知，作者認為完全不應該做腦部移植手術，尤其是在人類身上，因為可能會隨之而來大量的問題和副作用。故選C項。13．段落大意題。根據第二段內容，尤其是“Wewereallbornwithonebrainandthroughchildhoodtoadolescenceourminddevelopedintowhoweare,soifwithadifferentbrainwewouldnolongerbeunique.(我們生來都只有一個大腦，從童年到青年，我們的思想逐漸形成現在的自己，所以如果我們有個不同的大腦，我們將不再獨特)”及“Alsoforthepeoplewhohavediedwithhealthybrains,thatwastheiridentityanditshouldnotbegiventoanyoneelse.(同樣，對于有健康大腦而去世的人，那是他們的身份，不應該給其他任何人)”可知，第二段主要講做腦部移植意味著失去自己的身份，故選B項。14．細節理解題。根據第三段第一句Anotherproblemwithbraintransplantsishowdoctorscanchoosewhatare“healthy”or“normal”brains.(腦部移植的另一個問題是，醫生如何選擇什么是“健康的”或者“正常的”大腦)可知，很難辨別“健康的”大腦。故選D項。15．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，第一段中作者提出自己的觀點“inmyopinion,braintransplantsshouldnotbeperformedatall,especiallynotonhumans(我認為，完全不應該做腦部移植手術，尤其是在人類身上)”，接下來具體分析為什么不贊成腦部移植，最后一段作者再次強調“itshouldnotbedoneonhumans…(它不應該在人類身上實施……)”，所以本文的目的是反對人類腦部移植。故選C項。Unitthe1980s,scientistsweretrainedtoignoreanimalpain,accordingtothebeliefthattheabilitytofeelpainwasassociatedonlywithhigherconsciousness.However,today,scientistsviewhumansasaspeciesofanimals,andlargelyacceptthatmanyspeciesarecapableofsomelevelofself-awareness.16．Ifyouhitanotherpersonintheface,youcanestimatetheirpainlevelbywhattheydoorsayinresponse.17．Gradually,scientistshavedevelopedasetofindicatorsofpainresponseinnon-humananimals.Demonstratingaresponsetoanegativestimulationanddisplayingprotectivebehaviorofinjuredareasaretwomajorsigns.18．Someresearchersarguelobsters(龍蝦)aretoodissimilartovertebrates(脊椎動物)tofeelpain.Nonetheless,lobstersdosatisfyallofthestandardsforapainresponse.Lobstersguardtheirinjuries,andlearntoavoiddangeroussituations.Theyareevenbelievedtopossesssomelevelofconsciousness.Inresult,todaymostscientistsagreethatinjuringalobstercausesphysicalpain.Duetogrowingevidencethatthelobstersmayfeelpain,itisnowillegaltoboillobstersaliveorkeepthemoniceinsomecountries.Eveninlocationswhereboilinglobstersremainslegal,manyrestaurantsprefermorehumanemethods.19．Tosatisfypickydiners,morerestaurantsruleoutthecruelcookingmethods.Currently,themosthumanetoolforcookingalobsteristheCrustaStun.Thisdeviceelectrocutes(電擊)alobster.20．Thefollowingprocessofcookingissuretocausenopain.Incontrast,ittakesabout2minutesforalobstertodiefromboilingwaterduringwhichtimepainlasts.A．Buthugedisagreementexists.B．Thecreatureinstantlylosesconsciousnessinhalfasecond.C．Itbeatstheformermethodbysavingchefs’effortincleaningthecreature.D．It’sdifficulttoassesspaininotherspeciesbecausewecannotcommunicateaseasily.E.Peoplearecomingtorealizethatotherspeciesmightalsoenjoytheluxuryofemotion.F.Exceptformoralconsideration,manychefsbelievestressnegativelyaffectstheflavor(味道)ofthemeat.G.Legalprohibitionbecomesthemajorconsiderationforrestaurantswhenchoosingacookingmethod.【答案】16．E17．D18．A19．F20．B【解析】這是一篇說明文。今天，科學家把人類看作是一種動物，并在很大程度上接受許多物種都有一定程度的自我意識。人們開始意識到其他物種也可能擁有情感。接著文章以龍蝦為例，論述了兩種不同的觀點：一種認為龍蝦不能感覺到疼痛；一種認為龍蝦受傷會引起身體疼痛。由于越來越多的證據表明龍蝦可能會感到疼痛，在一些國家，活煮龍蝦或把龍蝦放在冰上是非法的。而餐廳除了道德上的考慮，也為了保持食物的口感，在烹飪龍蝦前會將其電暈，再對其進行沒有任何痛苦的烹飪。16．根據上文today,scientistsviewhumansasaspeciesofanimals,andlargelyacceptthatmanyspeciesarecapableofsomelevelofself-awareness.可知今天，科學家把人類看作是一種動物，并在很大程度上接受了許多物種都有一定程度的自我意識。這是人們逐漸意識到其他物種也可能享受情感。故選E。17．根據下文Gradually,scientistshavedevelopedasetofindicatorsofpainresponseinnon-humananimals.可知科學家們開發了一套非人類動物疼痛反應的指標。這是因為我們不容易和其它動物之間交流，所以很難評估其他物種的疼痛。故選D。18．根據后文Someresearchersarguelobsters(龍蝦)aretoodissimilartovertebrates(脊椎動物)tofeelpain.可知一些研究人員認為龍蝦和脊椎動物太不相似了，所以不能感覺到疼痛。與本段最后一句Inresult,todaymostscientistsagreethatinjuringalobstercausesphysicalpain.（今天大多數科學家都認為龍蝦受傷會引起身體疼痛。）兩者觀點完全不一致，是存在巨大分歧的。故選A。19．根據下文Tosatisfypickydiners,morerestaurantsruleoutthecruelcookingmethods.（為了滿足挑剔的食客，更多的餐館排除了殘忍的烹飪方法。）可知本空是敘述這一行為的原因是：除了道德上的考慮，許多廚師認為壓力會對肉的味道產生負面影響。故選F。20．根據下文Thefollowingprocessofcookingissuretocausenopain.（接下來的烹調過程肯定不會引起疼痛。）因此可知龍蝦是因為電擊立刻失去了知覺，所以沒有痛苦，故選B。第二部分語言運用（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Supposeyouhaveaticketforanexcitingfilmwhichyouwanttoseeverymuch,but21，therewillbeanexamtomorrow.Whatwillyoudo?Seethefilmorstudyfortheexam?Ifyoucan22seeingthefilmandworkhardatyourlessons,it23thatyouhaveself-control.Self-controlisnotsomethingyouhave24birth.Itneedstobedevelopedinyourlife.Often,youngchildrenwilleasilybe25whentheirneedsorwishesarenotmetatonce.26daily,childrenseealotoffood,toysandactivitiesthatare27tothem.Manytimeschildrendonotknowhowtodealwiththeirfrustration(沮喪)whentheyare28"no"or"later".Also,sometimesyoungchildrendonot29whytheyarenotallowedtodosomething.Inordertohavepositiveexperiencesathomeandinschool,childrenneed30tolearnproperlydealwiththeirfeelings31theycannotgetsomething.Theseskillswill32children'sself-control.Don'tgotobedlatebecauseofaniceTVprogram,33youmaygotoschoollate,anditisawasteof34Everyoneofushassomehobbies,afewofwhichmaykeepusfrommaking35inlife.Wemustuseourself-controltobecomefreeofthem.21．A．unluckily B．finally C．usually D．simply22．A．turnup B．turnout C．giveup D．giveaway23．A．reminds B．means C．warns D．introduces24．A．of B．in C．by D．at25．A．satisfied B．disappointed C．interested D．shocked26．A．Almost B．Just C．Only D．Then27．A．attractive B．similar C．expensive D．strange28．A．asked B．told C．taken D．heard29．A．agree B．hope C．understand D．believe30．A．languages B．customs C．subjects D．skills31．A．whether B．until C．when D．before32．A．divide B．produce C．create D．develop33．A．so B．but C．or D．and34．A．money B．time C．ability D．energy35．A．experiments B．preparations C．sense D．progress【答案】21．A22．C23．B24．D25．B26．A27．A28．B29．C30．D31．C32．D33．C34．B35．D【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了什么是自控能力，以及這個能力對于我們的重要性。21．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：假設你有一張你非常想看的、激動人心的電影票，但不幸的是，明天有考試。A.unluckily不幸地；B.finally最終；C.usually通常；D.simply只是，簡單地。根據下文“therewillbeanexamtomorrow”可知，第二天有考試對于想要看電影的人來說是不幸的事。故選A。22．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：如果你能放棄看電影，努力學習功課，這意味著你有自制力。A.turnup調大，出現；B.turnout結果是，證明是；C.giveup放棄；D.giveaway贈送。根據“workhardatyourlessons”可知，為了準備考試而努力學習，放棄了看電影。故選C。23．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你能放棄看電影，努力學習功課，這意味著你有自制力。A.reminds提醒；B.means意味著；C.warns警告；D.introduces介紹。為了準備考試放棄看電影并且努力學習，這就意味著有自控能力。故選B。24．考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：自我控制不是與生俱來的。A.of的；B.in在……里面；C.by靠，通過；D.at在（某時間或某地點）。atbirth為固定短語，意為“在出生時”。根據“Itneedstobedevelopedinyourlife.”（它需要在你的生活中得到發展。）可知，自控能力不是與生俱來的。故選D。25．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當孩子們的需要或愿望沒有立即得到滿足時，他們常常很容易失望。A.satisfied滿意的；B.disappointed失望的；C.interested感興趣的；D.shocked震驚的。根據“whentheirneedsorwishesarenotmetatonce.”可知，當需求或者愿望沒有得到滿足時，會感到失望。故選B。26．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：孩子們幾乎每天都能看到很多吸引他們的食物、玩具和活動。A.Almost幾乎；B.Just僅僅，只是；C.Only僅僅；D.Then然后。對應上文的“often”，此處表示幾乎每天孩子們都會看到很多東西。故選A。27．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：孩子們幾乎每天都能看到很多吸引他們的食物、玩具和活動。A.attractive吸引人的；B.similar相似的；C.expensive昂貴的；D.strange奇怪的。結合常識和上文提到“lotoffood,toysandactivities”可知，食物、玩具和玩樂對孩子來說是有吸引力的。故選A。28．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：很多時候，當孩子們被告知“不”或“以后”時，他們不知道該如何處理他們的挫折感。A.asked問；B.told告訴；C.taken拿走；D.heard聽說。根據“childrendonotknowhowtodealwiththeirfrustration”可知，孩子被家長告知“不”，所以很沮喪。故選B。29．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：而且，有時小孩子不明白為什么他們不被允許做某事。A.agree同意；B.hope希望；C.understand理解；D.believe相信。對應上文的“childrendonotknow”可知，此處表示孩子不明白為什么有些事不能做。故選C。30．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了在家里和學校有積極的體驗，孩子們需要學習正確處理他們得不到東西時的感受的技能。A.languages語言；B.customs習俗；C.subjects學科，主題；D.skills技巧。根據下文的“Theseskills”可知，此處為“skill”的詞匯復現。故選D。31．考查從屬連詞辨析。句意：為了在家里和學校有積極的體驗，孩子們需要學習正確處理他們得不到東西時的感受的技能。A.whether是否；B.until直到；C.when當……時候；D.before在……之前。此處表示當孩子得不到一些東西時，需要學習恰當地處理自己的感受。故選C。32．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這些技能會培養孩子的自制力。A.divide劃分，分割；B.produce生產；C.create創造；D.develop發展。根據上文“childrenneedskillstolearnproperlydealwiththeirfeelings”可知，這些技能能培養孩子的自制力。故選D。33．考查并列連詞辨析。句意：不要因為一個好看的電視節目而晚睡，否則你可能上學晚了，這是浪費時間。A.so因此；B.but但是；C.or或者，否則；D.and和。上下文之間是轉折關系。故選C。34．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不要因為一個好看的電視節目而晚睡，否則你可能上學晚了，這是浪費時間。A.money錢；B.time時間；C.ability能力；D.energy精力，能量。對于學生來說，因為看電視很晚導致上學遲到，這是在浪費時間。故選B。35．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們每個人都有一些愛好，其中一些可能會阻礙我們在生活中取得進步。A.experiments試驗；B.preparations準備；C.sense意識，感官；D.progress進步，進展。根據下文的“Wemustuseourself-controltobecomefreeofthem.”可知，此處是指一些不好的東西，而“阻止我們取得進步”符合語境，makeprogress為固定短語，意為“取得進步”。故選D。第=2\*ROMANII卷（非選擇題）第二節（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Iwillneverforget-myfirstassignmentasaforeignreporterinBraziltocovertheRioCarnival.ItisoneofBrazil'slargestcultural36．(event),drawinguptotwomilliontouriststoRioeveryyear.IwasoutonthestreetsonthefirstdayoftheCarnival,37．(arm)withmycameraandnotebook,readytodosomework.Beingthere38．(be)aconstantassault(沖擊)onmysenses.Hundredsofpeopleweresinginganddancing,39．Braziliansambamusicfillingtheair.Iwanderedforhours,fromoneblockpartytoanother.Atonepoint,someoneoffered40．(trade)meanalcoholicbeverage(飲料)andagoldenfeatheredheaddressformy,camera.I’mstillnotsurewhy,butIagreedtothedeal.Itwas41．(probable)aquestionofgettingsweptupintheCarnivalspirit.Unfortunately,mybossdidnotacceptthis42．(explain),soIhadtopayfor43．newcameraintheend.Itwasworthit,though.Istillhavethatgoldenheaddress,as44．remindsmeofthoseunforgettabledays.TheRioCarnivaliswithoutdoubtsomething45．everyoneshouldaddtohisorherbucketlist.【答案】36．events37．armed38．was39．with40．totrade41．probably42．explanation43．a44．it45．that【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在巴西狂歡節上作為一名外國記者的難忘的經歷。36．考查名詞復數。句意：它是巴西最大的文化活動之一，每年吸引多達200萬游客前來參觀。oneof+形容詞最高級+名詞復數，表示“最……之一”是英語習慣表達，故用名詞event的復數形式合乎邏輯。故填events。37．考查非謂語動詞。句意：狂歡節的第一天，我帶著相機和筆記本上街，準備干點活。分析句子可知，空格處為非謂語，動詞arm“裝備”和主語I之間是被動關系，故用其過去分詞，作狀語。故填armed。38．考查be動詞的時態和數。句意：在那里，我的感官一直受到攻擊。動名詞短語Beingthere作主語，謂語動詞用單數；根據上下文可知，此處描述過去發生的事情，用一般過去時，謂語動詞用過去式。故填was。39．考查介詞。句意：數百人載歌載舞，空氣中彌漫著巴西桑巴舞音樂。介詞with接復合賓語，句中with+名詞+現在分詞，作狀語，表示伴隨，符合句意和語法。故填with。40．考查非謂語動詞。句意：有一次，有人提出用一杯酒精飲料和一個金色羽毛頭飾換我的相機。offertodosth“主動提出做某事”是動詞習慣用法，不定式作賓語。故填totrade。41．考查副詞。句意：這可能是一個被狂歡節的精神所淹沒的問題。修飾整個句子，應用probable的副詞形式。故填probably。42．考查名詞。句意：不幸的是，我的老板不接受這個解釋，所以最后我不得不花錢買了一個新相機。根據空格前的acceptthis可知，此處應用explain的名詞explanation單數形式作賓語。故填explanation。43．考查冠詞。句意：不幸的是，我的老板不接受這個解釋，所以最后我不得不花錢買了一個新相機。根據句意可知，這里泛指“一個新相機”，newcamera應用不定冠詞限定，因所連接的單詞new以輔音音素開頭，故填a。44．考查代詞。句意：但這是值得的。我仍然留著那個金色的頭飾，因為它讓我想起了那些難忘的日子。分析句子，根據句意可知，此處連詞as后應用代詞it作主語，指前面的事物thatgoldenheaddress。故填it。45．考查定語從句。句意：毫無疑問，狂歡節是每個人都應該添加到他或她的愿望清單上的東西。分析句子可知，空格處引導限制性定語從句，先行詞為不定代詞something，故用關系代詞that引導從句，在從句中作賓語。故填that。第三部分寫作（共兩節，滿分40分）第一節書面表達（滿分15分）46．假如你是李華，上周日下午在你校排球場上舉行了排球比賽決賽(thevolleyballfinal)，請你為校英語報寫一份報道，內容如下:1.賽程回顧:2.賽后反響。注意:1.可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫:2.詞數80左右，標題已給出，不計入總詞數。TheVolleyballFinal_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________