考點26therebe句型&it的用法&情景交際（精講練）therebe句型一、不同時態的Therebe結構1.TherewillbethousandsoffootballfansinLondonnextmonth.(一般將來時)下個月倫敦將有成千上萬的球迷。2.Thereisgoingtobeafilminourschoolthisweekend.(一般將來時)我們學校這個周末有一場電影。3.ThereistobeaconcertattheAlbertHalltonight.Itistobebroadcastlive.(一般將來時)今晚在阿爾伯特會堂舉行音樂會，將要進行實況轉播。4.Therehavebeenalotofaccidentsroundhere.(現在完成時)這里出過許多事故。5.Therehasbeensomeawfulweatherlately,hasn’tthere?(現在完成時)最近天氣有時很糟糕，不是嗎?6.Hetoldmethattherehadbeenanargumentbetweenthem.(過去完成時)他告訴我他們之間有過一場辯論。7.TherewillhavebeenadefiniteresultbeforeFriday.(將來完成時)星期五以前將肯定會有結果。二、含有情態動詞的Therebe結構1.Therewouldbefeweraccidentsifdriverstookcare.司機如果小心開車就會少出事故。2.Hefeltthattheremustbesomethingwrongwiththecar.他當時感覺車肯定出毛病了。3.Theremayquitewellbeanotherdemonstrationtonight.今晚也許又有一場示威。4.Whydotherehavetobepoorpeoplelikethose?為什么有像那樣的一些窮人呢?5.Thereusedtobeacinemaherebeforethewar.戰前這兒有家電影院。6.Theremusthavebeenarainlastnight,forthegroundiswet.昨晚肯定下雨了，因為地面濕著呢。三、Therebe結構經常和appear,seem,need,chance,happen,prove等動詞搭配1.Thereappearstobelittleenthusiasmforyouridea.人們好像對你的想法不大熱心。2.Thereseemstobesomethingwrongwiththisputer.這臺電腦好像出毛病了。3.Theredoesn’tseemtohavebeenanydifficultyoverthemoneyquestion.好像沒有錢的困難。4.Thereappeartohavebeensomenastyaccidents.似乎已發生了幾起嚴重事故。5.ThereneedstobeasystemsetuptojudgethequalityoftheEnglishlanguagetraining.需要建立一套系統來評判英語培訓的質量。四、Therebe結構也和besure,besupposed,besaid,beknown等短語搭配1.Thereissuretobeaplacewherewecanfindarestaurant.肯定有我們能找到飯店的地方。2.Therearesupposedtobewildanimalsinthehills.這山里應該有野生動物。3.Thereissaidtobeasecrettunnelbeneaththebuilding.據說這幢大樓下面有一條秘密通道。4.Thereareknowntobethousandsofsnakesontheisland.據了解，那座島上有成千上萬條蛇。五、Therebe結構的非謂語動詞形式Therebe句型也可以以不定式（theretobe）、動名詞（therebeing）和現在分詞（therebeing）的形式出現在句子中，在句中作主語、賓語或狀語。1.Iexpecttheretobenoargumentaboutthis.(不定式短語作動詞expect的賓語)我期望關于這件事不要爭了。2.Ishouldprefertheretobenodiscussionofmyprivateaffairs.(不定式短語作動詞prefer的賓語)我寧愿不要討論我的私事。3.Idon’twanttheretobeanydoubtaboutthis.(不定式短語作動詞want的賓語)我不希望對此有任何懷疑。4.Wouldyouliketheretobeameetingtodiscusstheproblem?(不定式短語作動詞like的賓語)你想要開會討論這個問題嗎?5.Ifyoudon’tmindtherebeingsomuchnoisearound,youarequiteweletostay.(動名詞短語作動詞mind的賓語)你如果不介意周圍這么大噪音的話，歡迎你留下。6.What’sthechanceoftherebeinganelectionthisyear?(動名詞短語作介詞of的賓語)今年舉行選舉的可能性有多大?7.Therebeingnothingelsetodo,wewenthome.(現在分詞短語作原因狀語)因為沒事其他事可做，我們就回家了。8.Theyclosedthedoor,therebeingnocustomers.(現在分詞短語作原因狀語)他們的店關門了，因為沒有顧客。六、Therebe結構中的be用其他動詞來代替為了表達生動，在正式文體或文學作品中，可用表示狀態、發生、位置轉移等意義的其他動詞來代替動詞be。常這樣用的動詞有：live，lie，stand，remain，exist，occur，arise，rise，follow，e，enter，reach等。ThereexistmanyancienttemplesofthiskindontheshoresoftheMediterranean.在地中海沿岸地帶，有許多這樣的古廟。Notlongafterthis,thereroseasuddenrevolution.此后不久，突然爆發了一場革命。Suddenlythereenteredastrangefiguredressedallinblack.突然進來一個穿著一身黑的陌生人。Theregoesthebus.公交車來了。Onthehill(there)standsahouse.山上有個房子。

七．There

be句型需要掌握的重點句型

1.There

is

no

doubt/question

that毫無疑問……

There

is

no

question

of

doing

sth.

:①……是毫無疑問的②……是不可能的。

There

is

no

question

that

it

is

true.

There

is

no

doubt

that

they

can

get

the

machine

working

very

soon.

2.

There

is

no

+

doing：不可能……；無法……；沒有辦法……

There

is

no

joking

about

it.這事開不得玩笑。

There

is

no

telling

what

will

happen.無法預料會發生什么。

There

is

no

holding

back

the

wheel

of

history.歷史車輪不可阻擋。

3.

There

is

no

+

名詞+

in

doing

:

…是沒有意義的/無用的

There

is

no

point

in

doing

sth.

……是沒有意義的

There

is

no

sense

in

doing

sth.

……沒有理由/沒有好處；

There

is

no

use/good

in

doing

sth…沒有好處There

is

no

harm

in

doing

sth…沒有害處

There

is

no

point

in

arguing

with

him

further.進一步和他爭論是沒有意義的。

here

is

no

harm

in

doing

sth.=it

does

no

harm

(for

sb.)

to

do

sth.【2019·新課標II卷·短文改錯】Ireconsideredmygoalanddecidedtobeadoctor.Theyweretworeasonsforthedecision.【答案】They改為There【解析】考查therebe句型。句意：有兩個原因可以解釋這個決定。句中的they在前邊句中找不到指代關系，且后邊句子中的one與theother是對這兩個原因的解釋。故將They改為There。情景交際高考常考情景交際用語：1.Apleasure與WithpleasureApleasure.=Mypleasure=It’sapleasure.意為＂不用謝＂，當別人表示感謝時用它來回答Withpleasure.意為＂非常樂意＂，當別人請自己幫忙時，自己爽快的接受（伴隨著快樂）。1.—Wouldyoudomeafavorandgivemearide?—______.A.Yes,that’sright B.NotroubleC.Nevermind D.Withpleasure2.—Couldyoudomeafavorandtakethesebookstomyoffice?—Yes,________.A.forpleasure B.IcouldC.mypleasure D.withpleasure【答案】1.D2.D2.Don’tmentionit.與you’rewele.Don’t'mentionit(informal)usedasapoliteanswerwhensbhasthankedyouforsth:‘Thanksforallyourhelp.’‘Don’tmentionit.’兩個短語用法較簡單，意為＂不用謝＂A：Thankyouverymuch.太感謝你了。B：Don’tmentionit.別客氣。3.Noproblem1.usedtoshowthatyouarehappytohelpsborthatsthwillbeeasytodo:2.‘CanIpaybycreditcard?’‘Yes,noproblem.’3.usedaftersbhasthankedyouorsaidtheyaresorryforsth:4.‘Thanksfortheride.’‘Noproblem.’1.—I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.

—___________,Bill.A.You’rewele

B.Goahead

C.Don’tmentionit

D.Noproblem2.—WeneedthreesingleroomsforthefirstweekinJune.—___________.Thehotel’snotbusythen.A.Noproblem B.Don’tbother C.Nevermind D.Itdoesn’tmatter【答案】1.D2.A4.Mind當問你是否介意（某人）做某事時，如果你同意，那就是不介意，要用no來回答；如果你不同意，那就是介意，要用yes來回答。此時，mind與＂oppose反對＂意思相近。1.—DoyoumindifIopenthewindow?—____________Ifeelabitcold.A.Ofcoursenot. B.I’dratheryoudidn’t.C.Goahead. D.Whynot?2.—Wouldyoumindmyingoverandhavingalookatyournewgarden?Mylittleson’scuriousaboutthoserosesyougrow.—_____________.You’rewele.A.Yes,Ido B.NevermindC.Yes,please D.Notatall【解析】1.B2.D5.NevermindYousaynevermindwhenyouareemphasizingthatsomethingisnotseriousorimportant,especiallywhensomeoneisupsetaboutitorissayingsorrytoyou.用于當別人為某事煩惱或向你道歉時。1.—Ohdear!I’vejustbrokenawindow.—____.Itcan’tbehelped.A.Nevermind B.AllrightC.that’sfine D.Notatall2.—I’mterriblysorrythatImade

yourtableclothdirty.

—___________.

A.Nevermind

B.Don’tmentionit

C.That’sright

D.Sorry

【答案】1.A2.A6.Itdoesn’tmatter.matter(tosb)：tobeimportantorhaveanimportanteffectonsb/sth:Itdoesn’tmattertomewhatyoudo‘Whatdidyousay?’‘Oh,itdoesn’tmatter’(=itisnotimportantenoughtorepeat).’‘I’mafraidIforgotthatbookagain.’‘Itdoesn’tmatter(=itisnotimportantenoughtoworryabout).’1.—I’msorryIbrokeyourmirror.—Oh,really?______________.A.It’sOKwithme B.Itdoesn’tmatterC.Don’tbesorry D.Idon’tcare2.—Dad!Tom'sbrokenaglass!—________.Accidentswillhappen.A.Noway

B.

Doesn'tmatter

C.Notroubleatall

D.Don'tmentionit【答案】1.B2.B7.That’ok/fine/allright.1.It'sallright/alright(alsoThat'sallright/alright)不用謝，沒關系ananswertosomeonewhohasjustthankedyouforsomethingorjustsaidtheyaresorryforsomethingtheyhavedone＂Thankyoufortheflowers.＂＂It'sallright.Ithoughttheymightcheeryouup.＂＂I'msorryIbrokethevase.＂＂Oh,that'sallright.Itwasn'tveryexpensive.＂2.Ifyousaythatsomeoneorsomethingisallright,youmeanthatyoufindthemsatisfactoryoracceptable.Isitallrightwithyouifwegonow?...—We’dlikeyoutostartworktomorrowifpossible.—I’msorry,butIcan’tpossiblystartuntilMonday._________?A.Doyouagreewithme B.IsthatagoodideaC.DoyouthinkI’mright D.Willthatbeallright2.—ProfessorJohnson,I’mafraidIcan’tfinishthereportwithinthisweek.—______.Howaboutnextweek?A.Goodforyou B.Itwon’tbothermeC.Notatall D.That’sOK【答案】1.D2.D8.Whynot?和isn’tit?＂Whynot＂isusedtoexpressagreement.用來表示同意，并不是問＂為什么不可以?＂。聯系：有些反意疑問句也并不是表示疑問，而是一種習慣，一種語氣，如：A:It’sfine,isn’tit?B：yes,itis,isn’tit?1.—Let’sgotoamovieafterwork,OK?—_______________A.Notatall. B.Whynot?C.Nevermind. D.Whatofit?2.—Howaboutputtingsomepicturesintothereport?—________Apictureisworthathousandwords.A.Noway. B.WhynotC.Allright D.Nomatter.【答案】1.B2.BWhynotdosomething?表建議做某事；whydosomething做某事沒有必要—It’salongtimesinceIsawmysister.

—_______________herthisweekend?A.Whynotvisit

B.whynottovisit

C.Whynotvisiting

D.Whydon’tvisit【答案】A10.Thankyou按照英語的習慣，別人贊美奉承自己時，應表示感謝，而不是中國式的謙虛。1.—Whatabeautifulpictureyou’vedrawn!—______________

A.Notatall.

B.Thankyou.

C.You’regreat.

D.I’mproudofyou

2.–Bruce,Ireallyappreciateyourhandwriting.—.A.IpracticeeverydayB.ThankyouverymuchC.No,Idon’tthinksoD.Well,it’snotgoodenough【答案】1.B2.B11.Notreallyused,ofteninnegativesentences,toreducetheforceofsthyouaresaying:Idon’treallyagreewiththat.Itdoesn’treallymatter.用于緩和語氣，并不完全是，‘Didyouenjoythebook?’‘Notreally’(=‘no’or‘notverymuch’).比較：Idon’treallyknowmeansthatyouarenotsureaboutsomething;Ireallydon’tknowemphasizesthatyoudonotknow.1.—＂Couldweputoffthemeeting?＂sheasked.—＂_________.＂Heansweredpolitely.＂Thisistheonlydayeveryoneisavailable.＂A.Notlikely

B.Notexactly

C.Notnearly

D.Notreally2.—Haveyoubeenwastingtimeonputergamesagain?—____________.I’vebeenstudyingalotandIneedabreak.A．Noway

B．Notreally

C．Idon’tagree

D．Icouldn’tagreemore【答案】1.D2.B12.Nowayusedtosaythatthereisnopossibilitythatyouwilldosthorthatsthwillhappen:—IthinkyoushouldphoneJennyandsaysorrytoher.—______________.Itwasherfault.A.Noway B.NotpossibleC.Nochance D.Notatall【答案】A13.I’msorry,but…用以委婉地提出一個使對方不快的事實。—I’dliketoinviteyoutodinnerthisSaturday,Mr.Smith.—____________.A.Oh,no.Let’snot B.I’dratherstayathomeC.I’mverysorry,butIhaveotherplans D.Oh,no.That’llbetoomuchtrouble2.Ihopeyoudon’tmindmeasking,_______wheredidyoubuythoseshoes?A.so B.and C.yet D.but【答案】1.C2.D14.Notatall1.usedasapolitereplyaftersomeonehasthankedyou＂Thanksforhelping.＂＂Notatall.＂2.usedtosay'no'or'not'strongly＂Washeanuisance?＂＂No,notatall.＂I'mnotatallhappyaboutit.—DoyoumindifIrecordyourlecture?—___________.Goahead.A.Nevermind

B.Noway

C.Notatall

D.No,you’dbetternot【答案】C15.Helpyourself.togivesomethingtosomeoneortotakesomethingforyourself＂MightIhavesomemorebread?＂＂Please,helpyourself!＂Help在這里是＂拿、取＂之意，多用于食物，也可用于其它東西。—DoyouthinkIcouldborrowyourdictionary?—_____________.A.Yes,youmayborrow B.Yes,youcouldC.Yes,helpyourself D.Yes,goon2.—DoyouthinkIcouldborrowyourbicycle—_________A.Howe? B.Takeyourtime.C.Yes,goon D.Yes,helpyourself.【答案】1.C2.D16.Goahead1.—IwonderifIcouldpossiblyuseyourcarfortonight?

—____________.I'mnotusingitanyhow.

A.Sure,goahead

B.Idon'tknow

C.Yes,indeed

D.Idon'tcare

2.—Iprobablyshouldn'thaveanymorecake.—Oh,______.Itwon'tkillyou.A.goahead B.holdon,pleaseC.you'rewele D.that'lldo【答案】1.A2.A17eoneon近義于NOTBELIEVEinformal,usedtotellsomeonethatyoudonotbelievethemorthatyoudisagreewiththem,ortoshowthatyouareangrywiththem得了吧。(表示不相信，不同意或生氣)Oheon,Ian,youmadethesameexcuselastweek!2.eonphrasalverbHURRYsaidtoencouragesomeonetodosomething,especiallytohurryortryharder,ortotellyousomething快點，加油，eon—we'regoingtobelateifyoudon'thurry!eon,Annabelle,youcantellme.Iwon'ttellanyone.1.—Now,whereismypurse?—_________!We’llbelateforthepicnic.A.Takeyourtime B.Don’tworryC.eon D.Takeiteasy2.—It'lltakeatleast2hourstodothis!—Oh,_______.Icoulddoitin30minutes.A.eonB.pardonmeC.youarerightD.don'tmentionit【答案】1.C2.AForgetit1.usedtotellsomeonethatwhattheywantisimpossibleI'dliketotakeaweek'sholiday.＂＂Forgetit,we'rewaytoobusy.＂2.usedtotellsomeonethatsomethingisnotimportantandnottoworryaboutit＂I'msosorryaboutthatcup.＂＂Oh,forgetitI'vegotplenty.＂–I’dliketotakeaweek’sholiday.—________,we’retoobusy.A.Don’tworry B.Don’tmentionitC.Forgetit D.Pardonme【答案】C19.It’suptoyou.—Whatdoyouwanttodonext?Wehavehalfanhouruntilthebasketballgame.—_______.Whateveryouwanttodoisfinewithme.A.Itjustdepends B.It’suptoyouC.Allright D.Gladtohearthat【答案】B20.Takeyourtime.與takeiteasy.Takeyourtime:touseasmuchtimeasyouneedwithouthurrying:不急，慢慢來Takeiteasy:usedtotellsbnottobeworriedorangry:別擔心，別生氣Takeiteasy；we’vegotplentyoftime—CanIlookatthemenuforafewmoreminutesbeforeIdecide?—Ofcourse._____sir.AMakeyourselfathome B.EnjoyyourselfC.Itdoesn'tmatter D.Takeyourtime【答案】D21.Howdoyoufind…有時howdoyoufindsth.?是問你覺得某物怎么樣，同Whatdoyouthinkof….?Howdoyoulike..?意思相近。—HowdidyoufindyourvisittoQingdao,Joanna?—______A.Oh,wonderfulindeed

B.Iwentthealone

C.Firstbytrainandthenbyship

D.Aguideshowedmetheway【答案】A22.Howe?＂怎么回事？怎么搞的？為什么？怎么會這樣？＂通常用在你覺得奇怪而問為什么的時候。—Idon’tthinkI’llbeabletogomountainclimbingtomorrow.—______?A.Andhow B.Howe C.How’sitgoing D.Howaboutit【答案】B23.Sowhatusedtomean'it'snotimportant'and'Idon'tcare'那又怎樣？—Andrewwon'tlikeit,youknow.—

______?Idon'tcarewhatAndrewthinks!

A.Sowhat

B.So

where

C.So

why

D.Sohow

【答案】Ait的用法考向一it作人稱代詞1.用來指代前文中提到的東西。既可指代具體的東西，也可指代一種情況。請看下面的例子1）Ihearyouboughtanewbike,canyoushowittome？2）IfIcanstopheringtoyou,Ishalldoit.3）—Iwanttostayhereforanight.—Yourwifewon’tlikeit[來源:學,科,網]此時要注意與其他代詞如that,one,those,this,another等的區別：1.Ihearyouboughtanewbike,Iwanttobuy_______,too.此處應填one，因為這里我并不是要買你的車，而是一輛新車，one＝anewbike。2.Ihaveboughtanewbike,butIstillwanttobuy_______.此處應填another。我已有了一輛，再買另一輛。another＝anothernewbike。3.Weseehimwhenweetotown,but_______isn’toften.此處填that或it均可。指代前面我們去城里時可以看到他這一情況。4.Myseatisnextto_______oftheheadmaster.此處應填that，用來代替名詞seat，that＝theseat。5.Thebikesmadethisyeararebetterthan_______madelastyears.此處應填those或theones。代替前文的bikes，因其是復數概念，故用those或theones，those／theones＝thebikes。2.也可以指動物Isthisyourdog？No,itisn’t.3用來指代人。說明某人的身份或者做某事的人；指代嬰兒或兒童；在不清楚某人性別時，也可使用

it，尤其在問答的形式中更為常見。例如：

—Whoisit?—It’sme.Whoisitthere?It’sI(me/you/he....).IthoughtitwasMary,butitwasnotshe.Herfacelightedwhenshesawwhoitwas.1.—Who’sthatatthedoor?—__________isthemilkman.A.He B.It C.This D.That【答案】B【解析】考查代詞的用法。句意：——誰在門外？——是送牛奶的。因為不知道門外的是什么人。故用it指代不清楚的人。故選B。2.IfIcanhelp_______,Idon’tlikeworkinglateintothenight.A.so

B.that

C.it

D.them【答案】C【解析】ifIcanhelpit意為＂如果我有辦法＂,表示有辦法做某事,或有辦法控制某個局面。所提供的情景Idon’tlikeworkinglateintothenight說明如果有辦法,不喜歡工作到深夜。so意為＂這樣＂,常用于省略句中,代替上文中的動作。that用于代替上文的內容。考向二非人稱代詞itit有時并不指具體的東西，而泛指天氣、時間、日期、距離、價值、度量、溫度、環境等，稱為非人稱的it：1.指天氣：Itisalovelyday,isn’t

it?Itisabitwindy.2.指時間:Itwasnearlymidnightwhenshecameback.3.指環境:Itwasveryquietin

the

café.4.指距離：Itishalfanhour’s

walk

tothecitycentre.5指日期：What’sthedatetoday?It’stheeleventh,October.6指季節：Itissummernow.7指度量：Itisabout20pound/kg8.指價值：What’sthecostofthedictionary?Itissixtythree.9指溫度It’s35centigradenow.SoIfeelhot.—HaveyouheardaboutHuaweiP30?

—Sure.Itisveryhotthesedays.I’mthinkingaboutgetting________.A．one B．them C．that D．it【答案】A【解析】考查代詞。句意：—你聽說過華為P30嗎？—當然。最近很熱門。我在考慮買一個。A.one泛指一個，同名異物，相當于a/an+名詞；B.them他們，指代前文出現過的復數名詞；C.that是特指，同名異物，相當于the+名詞；D.it指代前文提到的同一個，同名同物。根據句意和語境可知，此處應用one指代一個華為P30手機，故選A。—Hegothisfirstbookpublished.Itturnedouttobeabestseller.—Whenwas_____?—_____wasin2000whenhewasstillincollege.A.that;ThisB.this;ItC.it;ThisD.that;It【答案】D【解析】句意：＂他的第一本書出版了,并且成了一本暢銷書。＂＂那是什么時候？＂＂那是在2000年他還在上大學的時候。＂指代上文中提到的事情用that;it可以指時間、天氣、距離等概念。考向二作形式主語，替代不定式、ing形式或主語從句（一）作形式主語替代主語從句1.①Itisclear(obvious，true，possible，certain....)that...該句型中it是形式主語，真正的主語是that引導的主語從句，常譯為＂清楚（顯然，真的，肯定……）＂是主語從句最常見的一種結構。

Itisveryclearthathe’sroundandtalllikeatree.=That

he’sroundandtalllikeatreeisveryclear.②Itisimportant(necessary，right，strange，natural...)that...該句型和上一個同屬一個句型；由于主句中的形容詞不同，that后的從句中要用虛擬語氣（should+動詞原形），should可以省去，建議記住該句型中的形容詞。

Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglishwell.

Itisnecessarythathe(should)rememberthesewords.2.①Itissaid(reported/learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.....)that...該句型中的it仍是形式主語，真正主語是that引導的主語從句；該結構常譯為＂據說（據報道，據悉……）＂。

ItissaidthathehasetoBeijing.

Itisreportedthatanotherearthsatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.該句型常可以轉換成含有賓語從句的復合句或者含有不定式作主補的簡單句。例如：It’ssaidthatTomhasebackfromabroad.→PeoplesaythatTomhasebackfromabroad.→Heissaidtohaveebackfromabroad.Itissuggested(ordered/demanded/insisted/manded...)that...該句型和上一個同屬一個句型，主句中的過去分詞是表示請求，建議，命令等詞時，that后的從句要用虛擬語氣（should+動詞原形），should可以省；常譯為＂據建議；有命令…….）Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.Itwasorderedthatwe(should)arrivethereintwohours.3.Itisapity(ashame/anhonour/agoodthing/afact,/asurprise/...)that...該句型中，that后的從句一般用虛擬語氣（should+動詞原形），should可省去.表示出乎意料，常譯為＂竟然＂。沒有這種意義時，則不用虛擬語氣。Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass.這種事竟然發生在你們班上，真是遺憾！Itisapitythatheisill.他生病了，真遺憾！4.Ithappens(seems，looks，appears)that...該句型中it是形式主語，that引導的是主語從句，主句中的happen，seem等詞是不及物動詞。Ithappened(sohappened)thathemethisteacherinthestreet.碰巧……Itseemsthatheenjoyspopsongsverymuch.看來他非常喜歡流行歌曲。該句型可轉換成含不定式的簡單句。如上述兩句可分別轉換為：Hehappenedtomeethisteacherinthestreet.Heseemstoenjoypopsongsverymuch.5.it代替連接代詞或連接副詞引導的從句作形式主語（1）Itisknown（notdecided，notmadeclear，foundout，discussed，beingdiscussed，beingconsidered，aquestion，uncertain等）＋連接代詞或連接副詞引導的從句。Itisstillaquestionwhenweshallhaveoursportsmeet.我們將什么時候舉行運動會還是一個問題。Itisuncertainwhetherhecanattendthisconferenceornot.他能否來開會還不能確定。（2）Itdoesn’tmatter（It’snowonder；Itdoesn’tmaketoomuchdifference等）＋連接代詞或連接副詞引導的從句。Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherwegotogetherorseparately.我們一起去還是分開去都可以。Itisnowonderwhyhecameheretoolate.他為什么來這么晚不足為怪(二)作形式主語替代不定式。常見的句型有：1.①.Itiskind(ofsb.)todosth.該句型中的不定式短語是真正主語，如果不定式的邏輯主語是由of引起，主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語特征的形容詞。常見的有：bad,brave,careless,clever,cruel,foolish,good（好心的）,honest,horrible,kind,lazy,modest,naughty,nice（有教養的）,polite，rude,silly,stupid,wise,wrong（錯誤的）等。這個句型可以改寫為：sb.iskindtodosth.。Itiskindofyoutosayso.=Youarekindtosayso.②Itisnecessary(forsb.)todosth.該句型與上一個同屬一個句型，如果不定式的邏輯主語是由for引起，主句中的形容詞通常是表示重要性，緊迫性，頻繁程度，難易，安全等情況的形容詞。常見的形容詞有：①important，necessary，natural②easy，safe，mon，normal，hard，difficult，dangerous，unusual，rare，impossible，pleasant等。=在①中的形容詞作表語可以用從句改寫，如：Itisimportantforhertoetotheparty.=Itisimportantthatshe(should)etotheparty.2.Ittakessb....todosth.該句型中的不定式是真正的主語，it是形式主語，句型中的直接賓語是時間，常譯為＂做……要花費某人……＂。IttookthousandsofpeoplemanyyearstobuildtheGreatWall.(三)作形式主語替代ing形式Itisnogood/nouse/uselessdoingsth.該句型中的真正主語是動名詞短語。ItisnogoodlearningEnglishwithoutspeakingEnglish.It’suselesstryingtoarguewithShylock.1．Yououghtn’ttohavegoneoutwithoutacoatyesterday.Itisn’tsurprising________youcaughtacold.A．whether B．why C．how D．that【答案】D【解析】考查固定句型。句意：昨天你不應該不穿外套就出去。你感冒了，這并不奇怪。此處為itbeadj.that...，it作形式主語，that從句為真正主語。故選D。2．Infact________isahardjobforthepolicetokeeporderinanimportantfootballmatch.A．this B．that C．there D．it【答案】D【解析】考查it用法。句意：事實上，在一場重要的足球比賽中維持秩序對警察來說是一項艱難的工作。此處為itbe...forsb.todosth.句型，it作形式主語。故選D。考向四作形式賓語，代替不定式、ing形式、賓語從句。1.

Wethinkitimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.該句型中的it作形式賓語，為了記憶方便我們可稱該句型為＂6123結構＂。6指主句中常用的動詞：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel；1指的是形式賓語it；2指的是賓補的兩種形式：形容詞或名詞；3指的是真正賓語的三種形式：不定式短語，動名詞短語或that等引導的賓語從句。Wethinkitourdutytocleanourclassroomeveryday.Theyfounditdifficultthattheywouldfinishtheirworkintwodays.Theprofessorthinksitnogoodreadingwithoutunderstanding.TheInternetmakesiteasierforpaniestokeepintouchwithcustomers.1.（2019·新課標III卷·語法填空）Onourwaytothehouse，itwasraining___so__hardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake___62___(get)there.【答案】toget【解析】句意：我們忍不住想知道還要多久才能到那里。該句中考查了固定用法：Ittakestimetodosth.：花時間做某事，該句式中it作形式主語，time做賓語，使用不定式作真正的主語。而句中只是在對賓語時間，用howlong對其進行提問，不影響不定式的使用，故答案為toget。【名師點睛】此題看似考查非謂語動詞，實際也是考查it作形式主語。TheythinkveryimportanttolearnEnglishwell,sotheymakegoodusetheirsparetimetostudyithard.A．this；with B．that；of C．it；of D．/；for【答案】C【解析】考查代詞和固定短語。句意：他們認為學好英語非常重要，因此他們充分利用空余時間把它學好。分析句子可知，第一空考查it作形式賓語，真正的賓語為不定式tolearnEnglishwell；第二空考查固定短語makefulluseof“充分利用”，應填介詞of；故選C項。3.AsthebusiestwomaninNorton,shemade_________herdutytolookafteralltheotherpeople’saffairsinthattown.A.this

B.that

C.one

D.it【答案】D【解析】it作形式賓語,tolookafteralltheotherpeople’saffairsinthattown作真正的賓語。不定式短語作賓語時,需移置賓語補語之后,在原來賓語的位置上用引導詞it作形式賓語,構成＂make+it+形容詞或名詞+不定式短語＂結構,從而使句子保持平衡。2.在like,dislike,hate,love,take,appreciate,dependon,seeto(處理)，insiston，help等動詞后，形式賓語it后可直接跟賓語從句。此時，it表模糊概念，指代后面所敘述的內容。YoumaydependonitthatIshallalwayssupportyou.Ihateitwhenpeoplelaughatthedisabled.IwillappreciateitifyoucanhelpmewithmyEnglish.I’dappreciate________ifyoucouldletmeknowinadvancewhetherornotyouwille.A.it B.you C.one D.this【答案】A【解析】考查代詞辨析及語境理解。appreciate后跟接if或when從句時，其后不直接跟if或when引導的從句，若語義上需要接這類從句，需借助it。故選A。2．Howwouldyoulike______ifthepowerwentoutwhenyouwerewatchingyourfavoriteTVprogram?A．them B．those C．it D．one【答案】C【解析】考查it作形式賓語。句意：如果你在看你喜歡的電視節目時停電了，你會怎么想？A.them他們；B.those那些；C.it它，可作形式賓語；D.one一個。在一些表示“喜好、厭惡”的動詞之后，如enjoy,like,dislike,love,hate,prefer,appreciate等，后接if從句或when從句，通常先在動詞后接it作形式賓語。故選C。考向五it的重要句型1.強調句①Itis/was

+被強調部分+that/who...該句型是強調句型。將被強調的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后，被強調部分可以是主語，賓語，表語或狀語，強調的主語如果是人，that可以由who換用。如果把這種句型結構劃掉后，應該是一個完整無缺的句子；這也是判斷強調句型與其它從句的方法。Itwasabout600yearsagothatthefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.Itwastheythat(who)cleanedtheclassroomyesterday.ItwasinthestreetthatImetherfather.ItwasyesterdaythatImetherinthestreet.Itisyouthat/whoarewrong.IthinkitwasJacksaidthis.(其中省略了who或that)Whatisityouwantmetodo?(it后省略了that)Itisnotuntil+被強調部分+that...該句型也是強調句型。主要用于強凋時間狀語，譯成漢語＂直到……才……＂，可以說是not...until...的強調形式。ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.=NotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesdidIrealizeshewasafamousfilmstar.=Ididn’trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.強調句型的兩種變形形式：一般疑問句形式：Is/

Was

it

…

that…?

特殊疑問句形式：Who/

Whom

/When/

When

等

+

is/

was

it

that

…?1)Was

it

in

1979

______

the

American

astronaut

succeeded

______

landing

on

the

moon?

A.

when;

on

B.

that;

on

C.

when;

in

D.

that;

in

(Key:

D)2）Was

______

that

I

saw

last

night

at

the

concert?

A.

it

you

B.

not

you

C.

you

D.

that

yourself

(Key:

A)3）Who

was

it

that

you

met

in

the

street

yesterday?

昨天你在街上遇到的是誰？Where

was

it

that

you

met

Jack

yesterday?

你昨天是在哪里遇到杰克的？Idon’tmindhercriticizingme,but ishowshedoesitthatIobjectto.A.it B.that C.this D.which【答案】A【解析】Itis+被強調部分+that+其他,強調句可去掉itis與that還原句子。本句相當于...,butIobjecttohowshedoesit。被強調部分是賓語從句,因此,用it引導該句式。2.It＋be的適當形式＋時間＋whenclause這個句型中，it指時間，而且表示時間的詞語前沒有介詞（時間一般為具體時間）。主句中的謂語動詞和從句中的謂語動詞在時態上一般是一致的，主句是willbe，when從句用一般現在時代替一般將來時。常譯為＂當……的時候，是……＂例如：Itwasalready8o’clockwhenwegothome.Itwillbemidnightwhentheygetthere.It

was

five

o’clock

in

the

afternoon

_____

they

climbed

up

to

the

top

of

the

mountain.It

was

at

five

o’clock

in

the

afternoon

_____

they

climbed

up

to

the

top

of

the

mountain.A.since

B.when

C.that

D.until

3.It＋is/hasbeen＋一段時間＋sinceclause這個句型表示從since從句謂語動作發生以后到現在或過去所經過的一段時間，意為＂自從……以來已多久了＂since從句后用一般過去時，例如：Itis／hasbeenthreeyearssincehisfatherpassedaway.他父親去逝已經有三年了。Itis/hasbeenfifteenyearssincesheleftShanghai.她離開上海已經15年了4.①Itistime(abouttime，hightime)that...該句型中that后的從句應該用虛擬語氣，常用一般過去時態表示虛擬.Itistimethatchildrenwenttobed.Itistimeyouboughtanewcar.Itis(high)timeyoumadeupyourmind.②Itisthefirst(second...)timethat...該句型要和上一個句型區別開來，該句型中的that從句不用虛擬語氣，而用完成時態，。至于用什么完成時態，由主句的謂語動詞的時態決定。如果是一般現在時，后面從句用現在完成時態；如果是一般過去時，后面從句則用過去完成時態，該結構中that可以省去；it有時用this替換.常譯為＂是第一（二）……次……＂。ItisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.=ThisisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.Itwasthefifthtime（that）IhadpaidafriendlyvisittoAfrica.5.It＋be的適當形式＋一段時間＋beforeclause這個句型中的時間一般為表示一段時間的詞語（如：long，years，months，weeks，days，hours，minutes），主句中的謂語動詞用肯定式，意為＂過多長時間才……＂。主句的謂語動詞是否定式時，意為＂沒過多長時間就……＂。主句的時態可用過去時was或將來時willbe；用was時，before從句的動詞用一般過去時；用willbe時，before從句常用一般現在時。例如：Itwasnotlongbeforeshelearnedthosepoemsbyheart.她沒過多久就背會了那些詩歌。Itwaslongbeforethepolicearrived.過了很久警察才來。Itwillbehoursbeforehemakesadecision.要過好幾個小時他才會作出決定。Itwillnotbehoursbeforewemeetagain.要不了幾個小時我們還會再見面的。6.Itlooks(seems)asif...該句型中it無意義，asif引導一個狀語從句。常譯為＂看起來好象……＂如果與事實不相符合，則用虛擬語氣。Itlooksasifheisill.（真的病了）Itlooksasifhewereill.（沒有生病）Itseemedasifheweredying.情景交際Passage1（2022·河南洛陽·模擬預測）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Walkingisgreatforweightloss,butthebenefitsgofarbeyondfromhigherenergyandbettermoodtostressrelief,creativityboost,andmore.Whetheryou’rejusthavingadowndayoradownlife,taking___1___