3.2DiscoveringUsefulStructures一、閱讀理解A（2020·天津濱海新·高一期末）Facebookwasrunningmylife.ButwhatkilledFacebookformewaswhenIpostedaphoto,andfiveminuteslatermysonaskedmehowmany“likes”ithadgot.Hisquestionwasawakeupcall.“Likes”aresignsofacceptanceandapproval(贊同).Ihadforgottenthatacceptanceandapprovalneedtoefromwithinandhadunknowinglysethimabadexample.BeforeabsorbedinFacebook,Ispentalotmoretimereadingbooksandmagazines.Icheckedinwithfriendsthroughtexts,emailsandphonecalls.Tosetahealthierexampletomyson,IdeactivatedmyFacebookaccount.I’dbeeninthehabitofcheckingFacebookmanytimesaday,soIhadtoeupwithsomenewhabits.Icarriedanovelandacrosswordpuzzlebookaroundwithme.Irediscoveredknitting.Istartedtakingyogaclasses.Istartedtorememberafewthings.Mybodyisfinejustthewayitis.IhavefriendswhowillhelpmeoutwhenI’mintrouble,andIwillhelpthemout.Idomybesttobeagoodmother,andoursonishappyandhealthy.Weareveryluckytobeabletoaffordtwovacationsayear.Istoppedlookingattheworldthroughmycellphone.Ifeltpletelypresentinthemoment.Thebreakleftmefeelingbetteraboutmyself,myfamily,myhomeandmylife.Afterafewweeks,IreturnedtoFacebook.NowIlookatthephotosofmyfriends’kidsgrowingupandtreasurehowsocialmediaallowsmetokeepintouchwithfamily.Inolongerhavethedesiretopostupdatesoften.Itisnotanaddiction(上癮)anymore.1．WhatmadetheauthorbegintorealizesheshoulddosomethingtocontrolhertimeonFacebook?A．Herpoorhealth.B．Herson’squestion.C．Hernotreceiving“likes”.D．Hermother’sphonecall.2．Theunderlinedword“deactivate”inParagraph5probablymeans________.A．tocloseB．toupdateC．tokeepD．tocheck3．Whatdidtheauthordotochangeherlife?A．Shetraveledaroundalotforayear.B．Shedevelopedsomehealthyhabits.C．Shetriedtomakemoneyforherholidays.D．Shewenttothegymasoftenasshecould.4．WhatdidtheauthorthinkofherbreakfromFacebook?A．Itwasgoodforhereyes.B．Itstoppedhergettingnews.C．Itdistancedherfromherfriends.D．Itgavehertimetofindbeautyinlife.5．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsocialmedia?A．Shesupportsthempletely.B．Sheisstronglyagainstthem.C．Shethinkstheyareusefulbutshouldn’tbeoverused.D．Shethinkstheyarenotharmfulatall.【答案】BABDC【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者沉迷于facebook，突然有一次兒子的問題使她意識她這種行為為兒子樹立了壞榜樣，所以下定決心停用了facebook。最終意識到Facebook是一種重要與家人聯系的方式，但不能過度使用。1．細節理解題。根據第一段中的“ButwhatkilledFacebookformewaswhenIpostedaphoto,andfiveminuteslatermysonaskedmehowmany“likes”ithadgot.Hisquestionwasawakeupcall.”可知，兒子的問題給作者敲了一個警鐘，她應該控制使用facebook的時間了。結合選項，故選B。2．詞義猜測題。根據第五段中“”Tosetahealthierexampletomyson,IdeactivatedmyFacebookaccount.可知，為了給兒子樹立一個健康的典范，因此作者下定決心關閉facebook賬戶。結合選項，故選A。3．細節理解題。根據第六段中“Ihadtoeupwithsomenewhabits.Icarriedanovelandacrosswordpuzzlebookaroundwithme.Irediscoveredknitting.Istartedtakingyogaclasses”可知，作者養成了一些好的習慣來改變她的生活，包括看小說和做填字游戲，編織和上瑜伽課。結合選項，故選B。4．細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中的“Istoppedlookingattheworldthroughmycellphone.Ifeltpletelypresentinthemoment.Thebreakleftmefeelingbetteraboutmyself,myfamily,myhomeandmylife.”可知，作者不再用手機看世界后。讓她對自己、家庭和生活感覺更好了，發現了生活的美。結合選項，故選D。5．推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“Afterafewweeks,IreturnedtoFacebook.NowIlookatthephotosofmyfriends’kidsgrowingupandtreasurehowsocialmediaallowsmetokeepintouchwithfamily.Inolongerhavethedesiretopostupdatesoften.”可知，作者在養成一些健康的習慣后，再回頭看facebook，認為它很有用，是一種與家人聯系的重要方式，但是不應該過度使用。結合選項，故選C。B（2020·山東省淄博第七中學高一期中）Alotofpeoplesaymathisnottheirstrongsuit.OneNewJerseyparentwantstohelpchangethat.LauraOverdeckgrewupwithnumbers.Shealwayshelpedmeasureingredients（食材）whenhermotherbaked，andshelearnedaboutanglesfromherfather.Shewentontomajorinastrophysics（天體物理學）incollege.Overdeckwantedherownchildrentobegoodatmath，too.“Andwhenourfirstchildwasabouttwo，wejuststartedgivingheramathproblemeverynight，”Overdecksaid.Theproblemwasusuallyastory，involvinganimals，carsorcandiesthatletthekidcount.“Ourthirdchildstarted，atagetwo，yellingthathewantedhisownmathproblembecausehesawhisbrotherandsisterdoingit.Andwethought，‘Wow，wehaveahouseholdwheremathisthepopularthingatbedtime，’”Overdecksaid.InFebruary，OverdecksetupBedtimeMath，anInternetwebsitewhereshepostsdailypuzzlesforchildren.Overdeckisparticularlykeentohook（吸引）childrenonnumbersbeforetheygotoschool.Sowhyintroducelittleonestomathsoearly？SianBeilock，anexpertonperformanceanxiety，saysthemorefunandfamiliarmathisearlyon，thelesslikelychildrenwillfeelnervouswhentheystarttolearnmathinschool.“Mylabhasshownrecentlythatkidsasearlyasfirstgradereportfeelinganxiousaboutdoingmath，”Beilocksaid.“Youcanheartotallyeducatedadultssay，‘YouknowI’mjustnotthatgoodatmath.’or‘I’mkindofafraidofmath.’Andthat’satotallyacceptablethingforawelleducatedpersontosay，butyouneverhearthemsay，‘Well，youknow，I’mjustnotthatgoodatreading.’，”Overdecksaid.ShewantschildrenandtheirparentstobeeasfluentinnumbersastheyareinHarryPotter.1．Overdeckmajoredinastrophysicsbecauseshe.A．wasreallyfondofmathematicsB．hopedtochangematheducationintheUSC．hadaninterestinphysicsD．wouldlikeherchildrentobegoodatmath2．WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2?A．Storiescanbeusedtoencouragekidsinsolvingmathproblems.B．Mathwillbeemorepopularineveryhousehold.C．MathisenjoyableinOverdeck’sfamily.D．Thethirdchildisclevererthanhisbrotherandsister.3．Beilock’sattitudetowardsOverdeck’sideais.A．agreeable B．puzzledC．anxious D．critical4．TheunfavorablesituationoftheUSinmathabilityisshownby.A．thepopularityofBedtimeMathB．children’sperformanceanxietyinschoolC．people’sreactiontomathD．adults’greatfondnessforHarryPotter【答案】ACAC【解析】【分析】這是一篇社會生活類文章。新澤西州的一位母親創建了一個網站——BedtimeMath，旨在提高孩子們的數學能力。1．細節理解題。由第一段中的“LauraOverdeckgrewupwithnumbers...Shewentontomajorinastrophysics（天體物理學）incollege”可知，LauraOverdeck是伴隨著數字長大的，她總是幫母親量烘烤食物的材料，從父親那兒學習了關于角度的問題，由此可知，她對數學非常感興趣，所以大學里主修了天體物理學。故選A。2．細節理解題。由第二段中的“Wow，wehaveahouseholdwheremathisthepopularthingatbedtime”可知，在Overdeck家，數學非常受歡迎。故選C。3．推理判斷題。由第四段第一句“SianBeilock,anexpertonperformanceanxiety,saysthemorefunandfamiliarmathisearlyon,thelesslikelychildrenwillfeelnervouswhentheystarttolearnmathinschool.（表現焦慮方面的專家SianBeilock表示，早期數學越有趣、越熟悉，孩子們在學校開始學習數學時感到緊張的可能性就越小。）”可知，Beilock同意Overdeck的想法，都認為應當盡早讓孩子們了解和熟悉數學，這樣孩子們上學后學習數學時就不會那么緊張害怕了。故選A。4．細節理解題。由最后一段中的“Youcanheartotallyeducatedadults...I’mjustnotthatgoodatreading，”可知，很多受過良的美國人都經常說自己不擅長數學，這反映了美國人的數學能力不容樂觀。故選C。C（2020·甘肅蘭州一中高一期中）Imaginebeingfacetofacewithawoollymammoth(猛犸象).Itwouldbequiteasight.Scientistsbelieveitwouldtowerabove11feettallandhaveaslopingback,along,powerfultrunk,andsharp,curvedtusksthatstretchupto10feet.Itsthickhairwouldbeuptothreefeetlong.Itwouldweighsixtons—aboutasheavyasabus.You’veprobablyneverseenagiantfurryelephantbefore.Actually,youdefinitelyhaven’t.Thespecieshasbeenextinctforthousandsofyears.Butafewyearsfromnow,youmightbeabletoseeawoollymammothinperson.Scientistsbelievetheyhavethetechnologytorecreateit.AteamofSouthKoreanandRussianscientistsplantocloneawoollymammoth.Howwilltheydoit?SeveralwoollymammothbodieshavealreadybeendiscoveredinSiberia,anicyregioninRussia.Thescientistsplantotakecellsfromthesefrozenmammoths.Inalaboratory,they’llusethemtocreateanewcluster(群)ofcellscalledanembryo.Theembryowillbeplacedintothewombofalivingfemaleelephant.Thatelephantwillthengivebirthtoababywoollymammoth.Thescientistsbelievethewholeprocesswilltakefiveyears.Manyscientistsandanimalloverscan’twait.Itwillbesoexcitingtobeabletobringacreaturethathasbeenextinctforthousandsofyearsbacktolife.Peoplewouldtravelfromaroundtheworldforthechancetoseealivingwoollymammoth.Byobservingthewaythecreaturelooksandacts,scientistsmightmakebrandnewdiscoveriesaboutthehistoryofanimallife.Otherexpertsaren’tsosureaboutthewoollymammothproject.Onebigquestioniswhattodowithamammoth.TheEarthhaschangedinthethousandsofyearssincetheseanimalsroamedtheplanet.Wherewouldthecreaturelive,andwoulditbeabletosurviveintoday’sclimate?Somebelievethatthemoneybeingspentontheexperimentcouldbebetterspentonotherimportantscientificprojects,suchasfightingdiseases.ButtheSouthKoreanandRussianscientistsarestickingtotheirplan.Theyadmittheyhaveabigchallengeahead.Thereisnoguaranteethattheywillsucceed,butthey’rehopeful.1．Thefirstparagraphdescribesthemammoth’s________.A．habitat B．foodC．appearance D．lifespan2．Whatisthechallengeforscientiststocloneamammoth?A．Whethertheyhaveenoughmoneyfortheproject.B．Whetherthemammothcanadapttothenewenvironment.C．Whetherthemammothcansurvivethemoderndiseases.D．Whethertheirplanwinssupportfromthepublic.3．Thelastparagraphimpliesthattheattitudeofscientiststocloningmammothsis______.A．negative B．disapprovingC．optimistic D．doubtful4．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Scientistsarefindingwaystodealwithmammoths.B．Scientiststrytofindoutthehistoryofanimallife.C．Scientistsplantobringthemammothbacktolife.D．Scientistspaylittleattentiontothereturnofthemammoth.【答案】CBCC【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了科學家們克隆猛犸象的計劃，也許在將來的某一天人們又可以看到這種已經滅絕的動物。1．細節理解題。根據第一段內容，特別是“11feettallandhaveaslopingback,along,powerfultrunk,andsharp,curvedtusksthatstretchupto10feet.Itsthickhairwouldbeuptothreefeetlong.Itwouldweighsixtons”可知，本段主要是介紹的猛犸象的外表（包括體型、高度、象牙、象鼻及重量等），故C項正確。2．細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中的“Onebigquestioniswhattodowithamammoth.TheEarthhaschangedinthethousandsofyearssincetheseanimalsroamedtheplanet.Wherewouldthecreaturelive,andwoulditbeabletosurviveintoday’sclimate?”可知，科學家們擔心它們是否能夠適應現在的環境和氣候，這對科學家克隆猛犸象來說是一個挑戰，故B項正確。3．推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“Thereisnoguaranteethattheywillsucceed,butthey’rehopeful.”可知，沒有人能保證他們一定能成功，但是他們充滿希望，由此可知，他們對克隆猛瑪象的計劃是樂觀的，故C項正確。4．主旨大意題。通讀全文，特別是根據第四段中的“AteamofSouthKoreanandRussianscientistsplantocloneawoollymammoth.”可知，本文主要介紹了科學家打算克隆已經滅絕幾千年的猛犸象（讓猛犸象復活），故C項正確?！军c睛】涉及到觀點態度的推理判斷題難度較大，要特別注意表示轉折關系的連詞，因為真正的觀點態度往往是由這些轉折連詞引出的，例如本篇第3題，根據最后一段中的“Thereisnoguaranteethattheywillsucceed,butthey’rehopeful.”可知，沒有人能保證他們一定能成功，但是他們充滿希望，but后的hopeful表明科學家們對克隆猛瑪象的計劃是樂觀的。D（2020·山東煙臺·高一期中）LucyHughes,a24yearoIdEnglishinventor,hasusedskinandscales(鱗)fromfishtocreateanewkindofplasticthatwillbreakdowninaboutsixweeks.Herinventionwonthisyear'sJamesDysonAward.Ms.Hugheswasveryawareofhowwastefulmanyproductsare.Plasticitems(物品)，forexample,areoftenmadefromnewplastic,usedonceforashorttime,andthenthrownaway.Shedecidedtochallengeherselftomakesomethingoutofwasteinstead.FishingisabigbusinessinEngland,andtheUniversityofSussexwhereMs.Hughesstudiedwasn'tfarfromthecoast.Shespentsometimestudyingthefishingbusiness,andthethingsthatwerethrownaway.Shewasamazedbytheamountofwastefromfishthatgetsthrownaway.Aftersometests,Ms.Hughesdecidedthatthefishskinandscalesseemedlikethemostlikelypartsforherproduct.Butthensheneededsomethingtobind(holdthematerialtogether)with.Shefoundthatredalgae(紅藻)wasthebestbinder.Ms.Hughescalledherfinishedproduct“MarinaTex”,whichisclearandfeelslikeplastic,butstrongerthanregularplasticofthesamethickness.MarinaTexisalsocheaptomakesinceit'smadefromfishwaste.Ms.HughessaysthatthewastefromoneAtlanticcod(afish)couldmake1,400bags.TheprocessofmakingMarinaTexalsodoesn'tusemuchenergy.Mostimportantly,MarinaTexdoesn'ttakehundredsofyearstobreakdown.Ms.HughesthinksthatoneofthebestusesforMarinaTexwillbeinsomekindsoffoodpackagingwhereplasticiscurrentlybeingused.Ms.Hughesislookingforwardtomovingaheadwithheridea.Shewantstotrytomakeherrecipeformakingherplasticevenbetter.ShehopestheawardmoneywillhelpherwiththeprocessofgettingMarinaTexintouseasquicklyaspossible.1．WhydidLucyHughesinventMarinaTex?A．Toturnwasteintotreasure.B．TowinJamesDysonAward.C．Togainpeople'swideattention.D．Tohelpthelocalfishingbusiness.2．WhatisMarinaTex'sgreatestadvantageovertraditionalplastic?A．Itisofhigherquality.B．Itismoreconvenienttouse.C．Itsproductioncostisfairlylow.D．Itcanbreakdowninashorttime.3．Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?A．MarinaTexhasbeenputtopracticaluse.B．LucyHugheshopesformorefundsupport.C．LucyHughesintendstoimproveherinvention.D．MarinaTexwillreplaceregularplasticinfoodpackaging.4．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．RedAlgae:theBestBindertoHoldMaterialsB．YoungInventorCreatesPlasticfromFishSkinC．FishWasteHasAffectedtheEnvironmentSeriouslyD．LucyHughes:anEnglishInventorWonJamesDysonAward【答案】ADCB【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了英國的Hughes女士發明了一種由魚皮和魚鱗制成的新型塑料，相較于傳統塑料有著諸多優點。1．細節理解題。根據第二段最后一句Shedecidedtochallengeherselftomakesomethingoutofwasteinstead.可知，Hughes注意到塑料制品的浪費情況很普遍，因此想將垃圾變廢為寶，才催生了后來的發明。故選A項。2．細節理解題。根據第五段最后一句Mostimportantly,MarinaTexdoesn'ttakehundredsofyearstobreakdown.可知，MarinaTex相較于傳統塑料，最大的優點就在于分解不用花太長時間，這在文章一開始就特別點明了。故選D項。3．推理判斷題。根據最后一段最后兩句Shewantstotrytomakeherrecipeformakingherplasticevenbetter.ShehopestheawardmoneywillhelpherwiththeprocessofgettingMarinaTexintouseasquicklyaspossible.可知，Hughes還在想辦法改進目前的配方，并希望得到的獎金能幫助她加快研究進程，顯然這一過程是需要資金支持的，Hughes也是需要資金支持的。故選C項。4．主旨大意題。根據第一段第一句LucyHughes,a24yearoIdEnglishinventor,hasusedskinandscales(鱗)fromfishtocreateanewkindofplasticthatwillbreakdowninaboutsixweeks.可知，文章第一句話就點明了主要內容，24歲的英國發明家用魚鱗、魚皮創造出一種新型塑料，B選項完全切合這一主題，符合文意。故選B項。二、七選五閱讀（2020·廣西南寧三中高一期中）Whileyouaretravelingabroad,culturalmistakesaremoreseriousthanlinguisticmistakes,whichcanleadtoseriousmisunderstandingandevenillfeelingbetweenindividuals.1．●TouchingSomeone2．

InMediterraneancountries,ifyoudon’ttouchsomeone’sarmwhentalkingtothemorifyoudon’tgreetthemwithkissesorawarmhug,you’llbeconsideredcold.Butbackslap(拍背)someonewhoisn’tafamilymemberoragoodfriendinKorea,andyou'llmakethemunfortable.InThailand,theheadisconsideredsacred—neverevenpatachildonthehead.●TalkingOverDinnerInsomecountries,likeChina,JapanandsomeAfricannations,thefood’sthething,sodon’tstartchattingaboutyourday'sadventureswhileeveryoneelseisdiggingintodinner.3．

It’snotbecauseyourgroupisunfriendly,butbecausemealtimesareforeating,nottalking.●RemovingYourShoesorNotTakeoffyourshoeswhenarrivingatthedoorofaLondondinnerpartyandthehostesswillfindyouuncivilized,butfailtoremoveyourshoesbeforeenteringahomeinAsia,Hawaii,orthePacificIslandsandyou'llbeconsidereddisrespectful.So,ifyouseearowofshoesatthedoor,startundoingyourlaces.4．Onceyouareonthegroundofadifferentcountry,remainhighlysensitivetonativebehavior.5．

Anddon’tfeeloffendedifsomethingseemsoffensive—likequeuejumping.Afterall,thisisaglobalvillage,andweareallverydifferent.A．Personalspacevariesasyoutraveltheglobe.B．Asiansconsiderremovingshoesimpoliteathome.C．Neverbepletelysurprisedbyanything.D．Thelinguisticmistakemeansthatsomeoneisnotfullyexpressinghisidea.E.Lookoutforthefollowingculturalmistakesandtrytoavoidthem.F.Ifnot,keeptheshoeson.G.You'llbelikelytomeetwithsilence.【答案】EAGFC【解析】【分析】文章列舉了人們在環球旅行的時候犯的幾個文化錯誤，指出不要對任何事情都感到吃驚，畢竟每個人都是不同的。1．考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。下文列舉了幾個文化的錯誤，所以這里意思是留心下面的文化錯誤，并且盡量避免它們，故選E。2．考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據后文InMediterraneancountries，ifyoudon’ttouchsomeone’sarmwhentalkingtothemorifyoudon'tgreetthemwithkissesorawarmhug，you’11beconsideredcold．Butbackslap(拍背)someonewhoisn’tafamilymemberoragoodfriendinKorea，andyou’llmakethemunfortable．InThailand，theheadisconsideredsacred—neverevenpatachildonthehead.以及本段主題TouchingSomeone可推知，空格處是講在不同的地方個人空間也不同，故選A。3．考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據后文It’snotbecauseyourgroupisunfriendly,butbecausemealtimesareforeating,nottalking.可知，這里意思是你可能會遇到沉默，故選G。4．考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據前文So,ifyouseearowofshoesatthedoor,startundoingyourlaces.___4___可知，空格處是說如果不是，那么請保持穿上鞋，故選F。5．考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據后文Anddon’tfeeloffendedifsomethingseemsoffensive—likequeuejumping.Afterall,thisisaglobalvillage,andweareallverydifferent.可知，這里意思是不要對任何事情感覺吃驚，故選C?！久麕燑c睛】七選五考查的是語篇的連貫性和一致性，因此就要使用到各種達到連貫目的的各種銜接手段，即：詞匯銜接、邏輯銜接、結構銜接。上下文有很多種邏輯關系，有表示遞進、因果、轉折、條件等等。本文第四空，前一句So,ifyouseearowofshoesatthedoor,startundoingyourlaces.講述的是如果看到在門口一排鞋的時候要怎么做，所以接下來的一句推知是講沒有看到鞋的時候怎么做。故選E。三、完型填空（2020·江蘇吳中·西安交大蘇州附中高一月考）Theconceptofsolitude(獨處)inthedigitalworldisalmostnonexistent.Intheworldofdigitaltechnology,email,socialnetworkingandonlinevideogames,informationismeanttobe1.Solitudecanbehardtodiscoveronceithasbeengivenup.Inthisrespect,newtechnologieshave2ourculture.Thedesiretobeconnectedhasbroughtsolitudetoa(n)3aswe’veknownit.Peoplehavebeeso4intheworldofnetworksandconnectionsthatonecanoftenbecontactedevenifthey’drathernotbe.Todaywecantalk,text,email,chatandblog,notonlyfromour5,butfromourmobilephonesaswell.Mostdevelopednationshavebee6ondigitaltechnologysimplybecausethey’vegrownaccustomedtoit,andatthispointnot7itwouldmakethemanoutsider.8,manyjobsandcareersrequirepeopletobe9.Fromthispointofview,technologyhaschangedthecultureofwork.Beingreachablemightfeellikea10tothosewhomaynotwanttobeabletobecontactedatalltimes.Isupposethepositivesideisthatsolitudeisstillpossibleforanyonewhoreallywantsit.puterscanbe11andmobilephonescanbeturnedoff.Theabilitytobe“connected”and“on”hasmany12.Travelershaveendedup13onmountains,andmobilephoneshavesavedcountlesslives.However,theycanalsomakepeoplefeel14andforcedtoanswerunwantedcallsorturntounwantedtexts.Attitudestowardsourconnectednessasasociety15acrossgenerations.Somefindtoday’stechnologyagift.Othersconsideritacurse.Regardlessofanyone’sviewonthesubject,it’shardtoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutdailyadvancementsintechnology.1．A．updatedB．receivedC．sharedD．collected2．A．expandedB．shapedC．retainedD．promoted3．A．missionB．orbitC．endD．desire4．A．powerfulB．intelligentC．concernedD．reachable5．A．mediaB．putersC．headsetsD．monitors6．A．toughB．hardC．keenD．dependent7．A．findingB．usingC．attendingD．consuming8．A．AlsoB．InsteadC．OtherwiseD．Somehow9．A．connectedB．trainedC．remendedD．interested10．A．pleasureB．benefitC．burdenD．disappointment11．A．putoffB．shutdownC．takenoverD．setup12．A．aspectsB．weaknessesC．advantagesD．exceptions13．A．packedB．lostC．survivedD．floated14．A．trappedB．attemptedC．confusedD．mitted15．A．varyB．ariseC．spreadD．exist【答案】15CBCDB610DBAAC1115BCBAA【解析】【分析】本文為議論文。獨處理念在當今數碼世界幾乎不復存在，新技術使我們連接成了一個社會，并塑造了我們的文化。能夠被連接在一起既有優勢也有弊端。不管人們對這一話題持何種態度，如果沒有日常技術進步，很難想象生活會是什么樣子。1．考查動詞辨析。A.updated更新；B.received接收；C.shared分享；D.collected收集。根據上一句可知，獨處理念在數碼世界幾乎不存在，因此信息的意義在于分享。故C選項正確。2．考查動詞辨析。A.expanded擴張；B.shaped塑造；C.retained保持；D.promoted促進。根據下文Fromthispointofview,technologyhaschangedthecultureofwork.可知，從這方面來說，新技術塑造了我們的文化。故B選項正確。3．考查名詞辨析。A.mission任務；B.orbit軌道；C.end結束；D.desire渴望。句意：被聯系的渴望使獨處消亡。bringanendto“使……結束”。故C選項正確。4．考查形容詞辨析。A.powerful強有力的；B.intelligent有才智的；C.concerned擔心的；D.reachable可到達的。句意：在網絡交織的世界里，人們已經變得如此隨處可及。故D選項正確。5．考查名詞辨析。A.media媒體；B.puters電腦；C.headsets耳機；D.monitors監視器。句意：今天，我們不僅可以通過電腦，也可以通過手機談話、編輯短信、發郵件、聊天和寫博客。故B選項正確。6．考查形容詞辨析。A.tough困難的；B.hard辛苦的；C.keen渴望的；D.dependent依靠的。句意：大多數發達國家已經依賴于數碼技術，僅僅因為習慣于此。bedependenton“對……依賴”。故D選項正確。7．考查動詞辨析。A.finding發現；B.using使用；C.attending參加；D.consuming消耗。句意：這個時候，不使用數碼技術將會使他們成為局外人。故B選項正確。8．考查副詞辨析。A.Also而且；B.Instead相反；C.Otherwise否則；D.Somehow不知何故，不知怎地。句意：而且，許多工作和職業需要人們聯系在一起。表示遞進，故A選項正確。9．考查動詞辨析。A.connected連接，聯系；B.trained訓練；C.remended推薦；D.interested使感興趣。句意：許多工作和職業需要人們聯系在一起。表示“聯系”，故A選項正確。10．考查名詞辨析。A.pleasure樂事；B.benefit益事；C.burden負擔；D.disappointment令人失望的事。句意：對那些可能不想總是能夠被聯系上的人來說，隨處可及可能感覺像個負擔。故C選項正確。11．考查動詞短語辨析。A.putoff推遲；B.shutdown關閉（與該空后turnoff一致）；C.takenover接管；D.setup設立。句意：電腦可以被關機，手機也是。故B選項正確。12．考查名詞辨析。A.aspects方面；B.weaknesses弱點；C.advantages優勢（與該空后disadvantage相對）；D.exceptions例外。句意：能夠被聯系上既有優勢也有弊端。故C選項正確。13．考查形容詞辨析。A.packed充滿……的；B.lost迷路的；C.survived幸存的；D.floated浮動的。句意：旅行者最后迷失在大山上，手機挽救了無數的生命。endupdone/adj./doing“以……告終（為結局）”。故B選項正確。14．考查形容詞辨析。A.trapped被困的，受限制的；B.attempted企圖的；C.confused困惑的；D.mitted效忠的。句意：手機也會使人們感到受限制……故A選項正確。15．考查動詞辨析。A.vary變化，呈多樣化；B.arise（問題）出現；C.spread散步，蔓延；D.exist存在。句意：對于我們被連接成一個社會，不同代的人態度不一。故A選項正確?！军c睛】完形填空的解題技巧之一就是要根據上下文來學會“推理”出最佳選項。同學們要遵循“上下求索”的原則來查找信息。例如，第2小題要求判斷出新技術把我們的文化怎么樣了。該題可根據下文Fromthispointofview,technologyhaschangedthecultureofwork.得出結論，作者認為從這方面來說，新技術塑造了我們的文化。A.expanded擴張；B.shaped塑造；C.retained保持；D.promoted促進。故B選項正確。四、語法填空（2020·漢中市龍崗學校高一期末）ICQisshortfor“ISeekYou”,andisaneasytouseInternetprogram,whichmakes1．(municate)onlineeasy.WithICQ,youcanchat,send2．(message)andfiles,playgamesandsurftheNetwithyourfriends,andmuchmore.Withjustaclickofyourmouse,youandyourfriendsare3．(immediate)connected.UsingICQissimple.4．youinstallICQ,theprogramasksyou5．(register).Atthetimeofregistration,youreceiveaspecialICQnumber.Youcanalsoenterinformationaboutyourself,6．(allow)otherICQuserstorecognizeyouwhenyoulogon.Onceyouhaveregistered,youcanmake7．listofyourICQfriends.ThenICQ8．(use)thelisttoidentifyyourfriends.AssoonasyoulogontotheInternet,ICQautomaticallyletspeopleknowthatyouareonline.WhetheryouareinAsia9．Europe,intheUnitedStatesorChina,inLondonorBeijing,yourfriendsfromanywherecanbe10．(access)toyouatanytimethroughICQ.【答案】1．munication2．messages3．immediately4．When5．toregister6．allowing7．a8．uses/willuse9．or10．accessible【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了一個聊天工具ICQ,它使用起來特別的方便。1．考查名詞。句意：ICQ這個互聯網程序使在線交流變得容易。make后需要用名詞作賓語，故填munication。2．考查名詞。句意：使用ICQ，你可以聊天，發送信息和文件。message是可數名詞，故填messages。3．考查副詞。句意：只需點一下鼠標，你和你的朋友就可以立即聯系起來。修飾areconnected作狀語，應使用副詞。故填immediately。4．考查時間狀語從句。分析句子結構，此處應填入連詞引導從句，根據語境，表示“當你安裝ICQ時，程序會要求你注冊?！惫侍頦hen。5．考查固定短語。句意：程序會要求你注冊。asksbtodo，要求某人做某事，故填toregister。6．考查現在分詞。句意：你也可以輸入關于你自己的信息，這會允許其他ICQ用戶在你登錄時認出你?？崭袂昂髽嫵闪诉壿嬌系闹鲃雨P系，故填allowing。7．考查固定短語中的冠詞。句意：注冊后，你可以制作ICQ好友列表。makealistof…意為“制作…的清單”。故填a。8．考查謂語動詞。句意：然后ICQ會使用這個好友列表來識別你的朋友。文章是在介紹ICO的功能，因此可以使用一般現在時。use這個動作相對于makealistof而言，是之后發生的，因此可以使用一般將來時。故填uses或willuse。9．考查固定短語。句意：不論你是在亞洲還是歐洲。whether…or…意為“不管...還是…”。故填or。10．考查固定短語。此處應填入形容詞作表語，構成短語beaccessibleto，意為“可用的,可接近的”。例句：Theyareeasilyaccessibletothegeneralpublic.公眾接近他們很容易。在本句中結合語境翻譯為“聯系上”，整個句子表示，你都可以通過ICQ隨時地與任何地方的朋友取得聯系。故填accessible。五、短文改錯（2020·河北衡水中學高一期末）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏詞符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)畫掉。修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。Asisknownbyall，theInternetisplayingamoreandmoreimportantpartonourdailylife.OntheInternet,wecannotonlyreadnewsathomeorabroadbutalsogetmuchinformationaspossible.Foranexample,weoftensendemailsandmaketelephonecalltoourfamiliesandfriends.What'smore,theycangotoschoolontheInternet，readdifferentkindsofbooksandeventeachesourselvesEnglish.Wecanalsolistentomusic,watchingsportsandplayputergames.Wecanevendoshoppingwithoutleftourhouses.【答案】【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章介紹了互聯網在我們的生活中扮演著越來越重要的角色?！驹斀狻康谝惶帲嚎疾楣潭ㄓ梅ā＞湟猓罕娝苤?，互聯網在我們的生活中扮演著越來越重要的角色。Asisknowntoall的意思是眾所周知，這是一個固定用法，所以by改成to。第二處：考查固定用法。句意：眾所周知，互聯網在我們的生活中扮演著越來越重要的角色。playapartin參與；起作用；扮演角色，這是一個固