“高考英語精品課程”特殊句式第四講：感嘆句和祈使句興趣導入：高考英語感嘆句和祈使句也是特殊句式中重點句式，也是難點句式。歷年?？几袊@句在賓語從句中運用。同時祈使句和非謂語動詞考點易混淆。感嘆句和祈使句也是寫作句式中的高端句式。考點歸納：Part1感嘆句感嘆句通常用what和how引導，表示喜怒哀樂等強烈情感的句子。同時，感嘆句表示說話時的驚訝、喜悅、贊賞和憤怒等情緒。考點1：what引導的感嘆句what是感嘆形容詞，中心詞必須是名詞，名詞前可以有冠詞和形容詞修飾，注意感嘆句用陳述語序。具體有三種類型：(1)What+a(n)+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語!Whatagoodheartyouhave!你的心腸真好！(2)What+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)+主語+謂語!Whatinterestingstorieshe'stoldus!他給我們講的故事真有趣！(3)What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語!Whatgreatfunwehadtoday!【活學活用】1._________beautifulflower!I'veneverseenitbefore.2._________amazingpictureswetookonthebeachyesterday!3.______goodadvicehegavethatweshouldtakemoreexerciseinoursparetime!4._______greatfunwehadyesterday!5.____________goodtimewehadyesterday!6.____________interestingmovie!考點2：how引導的感嘆句how是感嘆副詞，用作狀語，修飾形容詞、副詞或動詞，注意感嘆句用陳述語序。具體有四種類型。①How+形容詞+主語+謂語！Howclevertheboyis!這個男孩多么聰明?。、贖ow+副詞+主語+謂語！Howfastsheruns!她跑得太快了?、跦ow+形容詞+a(an)+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語！Howcleveraboyheis!這個男孩多么聰明?。、蹾ow+主語+謂語！HowIadmireyou!我好羨慕你！【活學活用】1._______________timeflies!2.____________Iwishtoseeyouagainandapologizetoyou.3._______beautifullyyousingbut_______badlyhedances!4.________deliciousthedishis!I’dlikesomemore.考點3：感嘆句用于賓語從句感嘆句還可以用于賓語從句，引導詞不變，語序不變，謂語動詞時態(tài)與整句保持呼應。Youcan’timaginehowexcitedIwaswhenIheardfromhim..你難以想象我收到他的來信是多么激動呀?！净顚W活用】1..Parentsaretaughttounderstand______importanteducationistotheirchildren’sfuture.2.Theshockingnewsmademerealize_______terribleproblemswewouldface.3.Doyouknow________highthebuildingis?Part2祈使句祈使句表“請求、命令、叮囑、邀請、勸告”等。基本結(jié)構(gòu)為動詞原形開頭或let開頭。有時為了加強感情色彩或特別指明向誰發(fā)出命令或要求時，可以加上you，Mary，girls等作為稱呼。Tom，watertheflowerstoday！湯姆，今天澆花！祈使句常常用來表達命令、請求或者建議。它的主語“you”通常省略，并且謂語動詞用原形。祈使句的句尾用感嘆號或句號，讀的時候用降調(diào)。表達請求或勸告時，在祈使句前或句末可加上please，以使句子的語氣更加緩和或客氣。祈使句一般分為四大類：D型祈使句，B型祈使句，L型祈使句，N型祈使句。考點1：D型祈使句，包括動詞do型開頭，也包括祈使句的否定式。在祈使句的肯定句式前加Don’t，構(gòu)成“Don’t+行為動詞原形+其他成分”。1.Hurryup！趕快！2.Keepoffthegrass!勿踩踏草地！3.Don’tstop!不要停！【活學活用】1.Pleasedomeafavor—__________(invite)myfriendMr.SmithtoYouthTheaterat7:30tonight.2.Attention!_________(fill)intheformrightnow,makingsurethateverydetailsuppliedisaccurate.考點2：Be型祈使句，以Be動詞原形開頭的句子。Bequiet，please！請安靜！Don’tbelate!不要遲到！考點3：N型祈使句，包括Never開頭祈使句和No型祈使句。Never開頭祈使句語氣更強烈。在公共場合的提示語中，否定祈使句常用“No+名詞/Ving形式”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“禁止做某事”。Nevergiveup!Neverspeaklikethatagain.千萬別再那樣說話。Nosmoking!不要吸煙！拓展：祈使句構(gòu)成反意疑問句，后邊多用willyou或won’tyou。陳述部分主句含有否定祈使句，附加問句應該用肯定形式?！净顚W活用】1.__________(speak)withyourmouthfulloffood.Itisbadmannerstodothat.

2.Don’tdrinkwhenyoudriveacar,__________you?考點4：Let型祈使句帶有第一人稱主語的祈使句通常以Let開頭，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：Let+me/us+謂語動詞原形或Let’s+謂語（動詞原形）+其它。注意：Letus不包括說話者，而Let’s則包括說話者。Let’s…結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成反意疑問句，附加問句用“shallwe?”，其余都用“willyou?

”。LetsbdosthDon’tletyourparentsdown.Letusgo,willyou?Let’sgo,shallwe?Let’sgooutandplaybasketball.咱們出去打籃球吧！Don’tlethimdisturbuswhilewearehavingameeting.我們開會時別讓他打擾我們。【活學活用】1.Let’stakeactiontogethertosaveourearth,_______we?2.Weforgottobringourtickets,butpleaseletusenter,_________you?考點5：祈使句+and/or+主句。注意與非謂語動詞考點的區(qū)別。非謂語動詞短語不能與并列連詞and，or連用。該句型相當于“if引導的條件狀語從句+主句”。and表示順承關(guān)系,or/otherwise表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。有時該句型中祈使句可以省略為名詞詞組，意思基本不變。and/or后面用“will+動詞原形”。Workhard,andyouwillmakeit.努力學習，你會成功的。Getroundtoitoryouwilllosethegoldenopportunity.

抓緊點時間，否則你會錯過這個難得的機會的。Afewmoreminutes,andtheworkwillbefinished.再有幾分鐘,這份工作就完成了。【活學活用】1.Don'tbediscouraged.________(take)thingsastheyareandyouwillenjoyeverydayofyourlife.2.Startoutrightaway,________you’llmissthefirsttrain.3.Anotherhour________wewillpletethetasksenttous.4.________(search)thewebsiteoftheFireDepartmentinyourcity,youwilllearnalotaboutfirefighting.考點6：從句+祈使句【活學活用】Ifyou'retosucceed,__________(devote)tothejobafterfindingtheproperwaytodoit.Whateveritis,________________(make)surethelightsinthelivingroomareturnedoffbeforeleaving.鞏固練習—Englishhasalargevocabulary,hasn’tit?—Yes.____morewordsandexpressions,andyouwillfinditeasiertoreadandmunicate.A.Known B.Knowing C.Toknow D.Know_____________basicfirstaidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklytoemergencies.A.Known B.HavingknownC.Knowing D.BeingknownInanyunsafesituation,simply________thebuttonandahighlytrainedagentwillgetyouthehelpyouneed.A.press B.topressC.pressing D.pressedTheshockingnewsmademerealize_____________terribleproblemswewouldface.A.that B.howC.why D.whatCatherine,____thealarmclockfor6o’clock,oryouwouldoversleepandbelateforthetrain.A.setting B.sets C.set D.tosetThemanner_________atelephoneisansweredgivestheimageoftheorganization,so_______politeandpleasantwhenansweringthetelephone.A.inwhich;be B.where;be C.which;being D.inwhich;being________gladIwasthathewassittingnexttome.A.that B.howC.why D.what8．—I'mmovinginafewdaysandIwonderifyoucouldhelp.—Youbet.Justletmeknowwhen,________I'llbethere.A,andB,orC,soD,but感嘆句和祈使句專練用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空或單句改錯。_____aninterestingcountrytolivein!Youshouldbefullypreparedbeforegoingwalkinginthemountain.Aboveall，____________(bring)plentyofdrinkingwaterwithyou.Inanyunsafesituation,simply________(press)thebuttonandahighly-trainedagentwillgetyouthehelpyouneed.4.Always_________(keep)inmindthatyourmaintaskistogetthispanyrunningsmoothly.5.Ifyouareplanningtospendyourmoneyhavingfunthisweek,better_________(forget)it—you’vegotsomebigbillsing.6.________(congratulate)toyouonyoursuccessinpreventingthespreadoftheepidemic!7.Onemorehour________I’llgettheworkfinished.8.SorryI’msolate,butyoucannotimagine_________greattroubleItooktofindyourhouse.9._________lovelyweatherwearehavingthesedays!10._________interestingworkitistoteachchildren!11.What_____interestingrolesheplayedinthefilm!NowondershehaswonanOscar.12．Feelingdown?Why________visitoneofthesefourwebsites?13．Catherine,________(set)thealarmclockfor6o'clock,oryouwouldoversleepandbelateforthetrain.單句改錯16．Whatunforgettableexperience!________________________________________________________________17．WhenaskinghowthepublicwouldhelpbeautifyUtahLake,thelake'sofficialworkerssuggestedpickingupgarbage.________________________________________________________________18.NotouristswouldmissthelocalfoodinXi'an,sowouldwe.________________________________________________________________19．Therehaveatimewhenweyoungpeoplebelievethatourparentsshouldstopofferingtheiradvice.________________________________________________________________Readingthisstory，andyouwillrealizethatnoteverythingcanbeboughtwithmoney.____________________Tommy,followingyourdoctor'sadviceoryourcoldwillgetworse.________________________________________________________________Turningdowntheradio—thebaby'sasleepinthenextroom.________________________________________________________________FormoreinformationaboutCambridge,visitingourwebsiteat..________________________________________________________________Whatimportantconferenceitis!Youshouldtakethischancetoattendit.________________________________________________________________25.Thelittleboycameridingfullspeeddownthemotorwayonhisbicycle.Whatdangerousasceneitwas!________________________________________________________________拓展練習語篇填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Therehasbeenarecenttrendinthefoodserviceindustrytowardlowerfatcontentandlesssalt.Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalmunity（醫(yī)學界）61amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside62(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdiseasetheverythingthemedicalmunitywastryingtofight.Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired63(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.Whenfatandsalt64(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifismissingsomething.As65result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.Even66(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfood67(be)fulloffatandsalt;by68(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃點心