主題群二做人與做事主題3

PeopleofAchievement卓有成就的人物英語內(nèi)容索引主題詞匯主題語篇主題寫作主題詞匯詞匯認(rèn)知項目課標(biāo)詞匯非課標(biāo)詞匯補充詞匯名詞(n.)objective

property

boil

liquid

defeatsubstance

conclusion

circumstance

novelist

novel

flow

chart

politiciantheory

genius

patent

institution

institute

consequence

encounter

professor

device

sum

draftphysiology

artemisinin

malaria

academy

extract

wormwood

penicillin

relativityformula

passion

doctoratemoustache

peculiaritycontribution

relief

shortage

fountain

foundation

insight

reality

mission

disease

disabilityterritory

cancer

assistance

registration

confirmation

militaryachievement

treatment

drug

certificate

ministry項目課標(biāo)詞匯非課標(biāo)詞匯補充詞匯動詞(v.)commit

evaluate

boil

obtain

acknowledge

defeat

analyse

insist

flow

chart

found

infer

encounter

sum

draftextract

flee

mournfund

recycle

earn

donate

extend

hesitate形容詞(adj.)crucial

vital

academic

objective

botanical

distinct

liquid

scientific

gentle

patent

extraordinary

remarkablecommitted

numerousphotoelectricinternal

sensitive

generous

royal

temporary

chief

further項目課標(biāo)詞匯非課標(biāo)詞匯補充詞匯副詞(adv.)apparently

mostly

gradually

短語(phr.)commitoneselfto(sth/doingsth/dosth)insistonwearandtearflowchartdrawoutmakeetopowerduetotakeupapositionsumupbeseenas(stand)onendbemistakenforpassawaybreakintoasmilerisetoone’sfeet詞匯拓展1.vitaladj.必不可少的;極其重要的;充滿生機的→

adv.極其;絕對

2.commitvt.承諾;保證vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活動等)→

adj.盡心盡力的;堅定的;堅信的→

n.承諾;保證;奉獻

3.academyn.(藝術(shù)、文學(xué)、科學(xué)等的)研究院;學(xué)會;專科院校→

adj.學(xué)業(yè)的;學(xué)術(shù)的

4.objectiven.目標(biāo);目的adj.客觀的→

n.物體v.反對→

n.反對

5.botanicaladj.植物學(xué)的→

n.植物學(xué)

vitally

committed

commitment

academic

object

objection

botany

6.evaluatevt.評價;評估→

n.評價;評估

7.distinctadj.清晰的;清楚的;有區(qū)別的→

n.差別;優(yōu)秀;卓越

8.acknowledgevt.承認(rèn)(屬實、權(quán)威等);(公開)感謝→

n.承認(rèn);感謝

9.analyse/analyzevt.分析→

n.分析

10.insistvi.&vt.堅持;堅決要求→

n.堅持;堅決要求

11.scientificadj.科學(xué)(上)的;關(guān)于科學(xué)的→

adv.科學(xué)地

12.conclusionn.結(jié)論;推論→

v.斷定;推斷出;得出結(jié)論

13.noveln.(長篇)小說→

n.小說家

evaluation

distinction

acknowledgement

analysis

insistence

scientifically

conclude

novelist

14.politiciann.從政者;政治家;政客→

n.政治→

adj.政治的

15.theoryn.理論;學(xué)說→

adj.理論上的

16.relativityn.相對論;相對性→

adj.相比較而言的n.親戚;親屬→

adv.相對地

17.gentleadj.溫柔的;文靜的→

adv.溫柔地;文靜地

18.passionn.酷愛;激情→

adj.狂熱的;怒不可遏的

19.consequencen.結(jié)果;后果→

adj.隨之發(fā)生的;作為結(jié)果的

20.remarkableadj.非凡的;顯著的→

adv.非凡地

politics

political

theoretical

relative

relatively

gently

passionate

consequent

remarkably

詞匯應(yīng)用用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或短語填空1.In1967,theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientistswiththe

(目標(biāo))ofdiscoveringanewtreatmentformalaria,andTuYouyouwasamongthefirstresearcherschosen.

2.Herteamexaminedover2,000oldmedicaltexts,and

(評估)280,000plantsfortheirmedical

(特性).

3.Theythentriedboilingfreshwormwood,andusingtheliquid

(獲得)fromthistotreatmalaria,butthisdidnotworkeither.

4.However,TuYouyouwouldnot

(承認(rèn))defeat.

objective

evaluated

properties

obtained

acknowledge

5.She

(分析)themedicaltextsagain,andbychance,shefoundonesentencesuggestingadifferentwaytotreatthewormwood.

6.Sheconcludedthatboilingthesweetwormwood

(明顯地)destroyeditsmedicalproperties.

7.Usingalowertemperaturetodrawouttheextract,shefounda

(物質(zhì))thatworked.

8.TuYouyouandherteammemberseven

(堅決要求)testingthemedicineonthemselvestomakesurethatitwassafe.

9.ItisindeedanhonourforChina’s

(科學(xué)的)researchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld.

analysed

apparentlysubstance

insistedon

scientific

10.Didyoucometoany

(結(jié)論)?

11.ThereisnothingwecandotohelpLinda.Her

(狀況)

arebeyondourcontrol.

12.This

(溫和的)geniuswasborninGermanyon14March1879.

13.Whileworkingthere,outofastrong

(酷愛)forknowledge,hecontinuedtostudy,earningadoctorateinphysicsin1905.

14.Thesameyear,whichwaslaterrecordedasamiracleyearinscience,hepublishedfour

(非凡的)physicspapers.

conclusions

circumstances

gentle

passion

extraordinary

15.Followingthis,he

(逐漸地)becamefamousthroughouttheworldasthenewIsaacNewton.

16.Einstein,whowasJewish,foundthedoorsof

(學(xué)術(shù)的)institutionsclosedtohim.Asa

(結(jié)果),hehadtofleeGermany.

17.Infact,Einsteinoften

(遇到)peopleonthestreetwhowouldstophimandaskhimtohelpexplainthings.

gradually

academic

consequence

encountered

主題語篇考點淺析1.Artemisinin

has

become

a

vital

part

of

the

treatment

for

malaria,

and

is

thought

to

save

100,000

lives

a

year

in

Africa

alone.青蒿素成了抗瘧疾藥物的關(guān)鍵成分,

據(jù)估計每年僅在非洲就挽救了10萬人的性命。【提煉】主語+bethoughttodo/be...【淺析】“主語+bethoughttodo/be...”可以轉(zhuǎn)化成復(fù)合句

“Itis/wasthoughtthat...”,意為“據(jù)認(rèn)為/人們認(rèn)為……,據(jù)說……”。可以用于該句型的動詞,除了think還有believe,consider,report,expect,suppose等;其中的動詞不定式有三種可能的形式:todo和tobedone表示一般或常規(guī)的情況,tohavedone表示已完成的動作或狀態(tài),tobedoing表示正在進行的情況。【仿寫】(1)據(jù)說現(xiàn)在他正在國外參加一個交換生項目。(2)據(jù)報道每年有兩萬多人參加這項健身運動。(3)人們相信他已經(jīng)辭職去經(jīng)商了。Heissaidtobeanexchangestudentabroadatpresent.或Itissaidthatheisattendinganexchangeprogrammeabroadnow.Itisreportedthatmorethan20,000peopletakepartinthisfitnessprojecteveryyear.或Morethan20,000peoplearereportedtotakepartinthisfitnessprojecteveryyear.Itisbelievedthathehasresignedtotakeupbusiness.或Heisbelievedtohaveresignedandtakenupbusiness.2.One

medical

text

from

the

fourth

century

suggested

using

the

extract

from

sweet

wormwood

to

treat

a

fever.一本四世紀(jì)的醫(yī)學(xué)文獻建議采用青蒿提取物治療發(fā)燒。【提煉】suggestdoing...【淺析】suggest用作“建議”時,后面常接動詞-ing形式做賓語,同樣用法的及物動詞還有:allow,admit,avoid,appreciate,advocate,consider,deny,delay,enjoy,escape,finish,fancy,forbid,imagine,keep,mind,miss,mention,oppose,practise,postpone,risk,recommend等。【仿寫】(1)我們的老師建議在課堂上記筆記。(2)我無法想象跟他相處的情形。(3)我們不允許在會議室里抽煙。Ourteacherssuggesttakingnotesinclass.Icannotimaginelivingtogetherwithhim.Wedon’tallowsmokingintheconferencehall.3.Upon

hearing

that

she

had

been

awarded

the

Nobel

Prize,

she

said,“The

honour

is

not

just

mine...”獲悉自己被授予諾貝爾獎時,

她說:

“這份榮譽不僅僅屬于我……”【提煉】upondoing...【淺析】upon/ondoing...意為

“在……的時候;當(dāng)……時;一……就……”。【仿寫】(1)一聽到她媽媽的聲音,那個小女孩開心地笑了。(2)一到辦公室,我們的經(jīng)理就開始工作了。Upon/Onhearingthevoiceofhermother,thelittlegirlsmiledhappily.Ourmanagergotdowntoworkupon/onenteringhisoffice.4.He

had

a

thick

moustache

and

long

white

hair,

which

sometimes

stood

on

end

as

though

he

had

just

received

an

electric

shock.他胡須濃密,

頭發(fā)又長又白,

有時會像剛遭了電擊似的豎起來。【提煉】asthough引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句【淺析】asthough/asif引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句常用虛擬語氣,即從句表達一種與實際情況不相符的假設(shè)。【仿寫】(1)王老師對待我們很耐心,就好像我們是她自己的孩子一樣。(2)他們在興高采烈地交談,好像他們已經(jīng)相識多年了。MissWangtreatsusverypatiently,asifwewereherownchildren.Theyweretalkinghappilyandexcitedlyasthoughtheyhadknowneachotherforyears.語篇再現(xiàn)Passage

1Thisyear’sNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinehasbeenawardedtoTuYouyou(co-winner),1.

researchledtothediscoveryofartemisinin,acrucialnewtreatmentformalaria.

TuYouyou,a2.

(commit)andpatientscientist,wasborninNingbo,China,on30December1930,andgraduated3.

PekingUniversityMedicalSchoolin1955.Aftershegraduated,sheworkedattheChinaAcademyofTraditionalChineseMedicineinBeijing.whose

committed

from

In1967,theChinesegovernment4.

(form)ateamofscientistswiththeobjectiveofdiscoveringanewtreatmentformalaria,andTuYouyouwasamongthefirstresearchers5.

(choose).Inthebeginning,TuYouyouwenttoHainan,6.

malariawasmorecommon,tostudymalaria7.

(patient).In1969,shebecametheheadoftheprojectinBeijing,anddecidedtoreviewancientChinesemedicaltexts8.

(find)traditionalbotanicaltreatmentsforthedisease.Herteamexaminedover2,000oldmedicaltexts,9.

evaluated280,000plantsfortheir10.

(medicine)properties.Fromtheirresearch,theydiscoveredandtested380distinctancientChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstmalaria.

formed

chosen

where

patients

tofind

and

medical

Passage

2AlbertEinstein,whoisperhapsthe1.

(great)scientistinmodernphysics,isoftenconsideredoneofthesmartestmenwhoeverlived.Hemadenumerous2.

(contribute)totheworld,themostwell-knownbeingthegeneraltheoryofrelativityandthefamousformulaE=mc2.Einsteinwasnotonlyagenius;hewasacourageousandkindfigure3.

(love)bymanypeople.

greatestcontributionslovedTothepublic,hewasseenasa4.

(slight)odd-lookingbutkindandfunnyman.Hehadathickmoustacheandlongwhitehair,5._______sometimesstoodonendasthoughhehadjustreceived6.

electricshock.Althoughhewasagenius,hesometimesforgotthings,likehis7.

(friend)birthdays.Butdespitehispeculiarities,hewaslovedbyhisfriendsandneighbours.Thereisevenastoryabout8.

hehelpedalittlegirlwhoknockedonhisdoorandaskedforhelpwith9._______(she)homework.Infact,Einsteinoftenencounteredpeopleonthestreetwhowouldstophimandaskhimtohelpexplainthings.Aftermanysuchoccasions,hefinallystartedsaying,“Pardonme!Sorry!AlwaysIammistaken10.______ProfessorEinstein!”

slightlywhichanfriends’howherfor主題寫作寫作指導(dǎo)該寫作主題是

“介紹你欽佩的人(Introducesomeoneyouadmire)”,要求以人物傳記的方式介紹自己欽佩的人,內(nèi)容一般包括姓名、身份、相貌、性格、給人影響深刻的故事、他/她對社會的貢獻以及成功的原因。文章結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)常為六段式:第一段是人物的偉大貢獻和性格特點的大體信息。第二段到第四段講述一生的主要經(jīng)歷和成就。第五段描寫相貌和性格特征。第六段敘述人物去世的時間及其他情況。寫作中如果能用小故事說明人物的品質(zhì)并用細(xì)節(jié)刻畫人物的形象會使文章更生動和充實。主題佳句1.AlbertEinstein,whoisperhapsthegreatestscientistinmodernphysics,isoftenconsideredoneofthesmartestmenwhoeverlived.阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦——這位或許是現(xiàn)代物理學(xué)領(lǐng)域最偉大的科學(xué)家——被公認(rèn)是有史以來智商最高的人之一。2.Einsteinwasnotonlyagenius;hewasacourageousandkindfigurelovedbymanypeople.愛因斯坦不僅是一位天才,而且是一位廣受愛戴的勇敢、善良的人。3.ThisgentlegeniuswasborninGermanyon14March1879.1879年3月14日,這位性情溫和的天才出生于德國。4.Afterstudyingforanotheryear,hemanagedtopasstheexam,enteringuniversityin1896andgraduatingin1900.再學(xué)習(xí)了一年后,他終于通過了考試,于1896年進入大學(xué),1900年畢業(yè)。5.In1922,hewasawardedthe1921NobelPrizeforPhysicsforhisexplanationofthephotoelectriceffect.1922年,他因解釋光電效應(yīng)而榮獲1921年度的諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎。6.Tothepublic,hewasseenasaslightlyodd-lookingbutkindandfunnyman.在大眾眼中,愛因斯坦是一個外表有點古怪但生性善良、風(fēng)趣幽默的人。7.Butdespitehispeculiarities,hewaslovedbyhisfriendsandneighbours.盡管怪癖不少,他仍然頗受朋友和鄰居的喜愛。8.Thereisevenastoryabouthowhehelpedalittlegirlwhoknockedonhisdoorandaskedforhelpwithherhomework.甚至有一件軼事,說的是他如何為一名上門求助的小女孩講解家庭作業(yè)。9.On18April1955,itwasreportedtha