麻醉試題及答案英文版

Multiple-choiceQuestions(2pointseach,10questionsintotal)

1.Whichdrugiscommonlyusedforinductionofgeneralanesthesia?

A.Morphine

B.Propofol

C.Lidocaine

D.Ephedrine

Answer:B

2.Themainsiteofactionoflocalanestheticsis?

A.Nervecellbody

B.Axon

C.Synapse

D.Dendrite

Answer:B

3.Whatisthenormalrangeofend-tidalcarbondioxidepartialpressure($EtCO_2$)duringanesthesia?

A.20-30mmHg

B.35-45mmHg

C.45-55mmHg

D.55-65mmHg

Answer:B

4.Whichofthefollowingisaninhalationalanesthetic?

A.Fentanyl

B.Sevoflurane

C.Midazolam

D.Atropine

Answer:B

5.Thefunctionofmusclerelaxantsinanesthesiaisto?

A.Induceanesthesia

B.Provideanalgesia

C.Relaxskeletalmuscles

D.Reduceanxiety

Answer:C

6.Whichdrugcanbeusedtoreversetheeffectofnon-depolarizingmusclerelaxants?

A.Neostigmine

B.Epinephrine

C.Dopamine

D.Diazepam

Answer:A

7.Duringgeneralanesthesia,whatisusedtomaintaintheairway?

A.Nasogastrictube

B.Endotrachealtube

C.Foleycatheter

D.Centralvenouscatheter

Answer:B

8.Themostcommoncomplicationofspinalanesthesiais?

A.Hypotension

B.Bradycardia

C.Respiratorydepression

D.Headache

Answer:D

9.Whichopioidhasarelativelyshortdurationofaction?

A.Morphine

B.Meperidine

C.Remifentanil

D.Codeine

Answer:C

10.Thepurposeofpremedicationbeforeanesthesiaisnotto?

A.Reduceanxiety

B.Increasegastricmotility

C.Reduceairwaysecretions

D.Providesedation

Answer:B

Multiple-choiceQuestions(2pointseach,10questionsintotal)

1.Whichofthefollowingarecomponentsofbalancedanesthesia?

A.Inhalationalanesthetics

B.Intravenousanesthetics

C.Opioids

D.Musclerelaxants

Answer:ABCD

2.Possiblesideeffectsoflocalanestheticsinclude?

A.Hypotension

B.Tachycardia

C.Centralnervoussystemtoxicity

D.Allergicreactions

Answer:ACD

3.Monitoringitemsduringanesthesiausuallyinclude?

A.Electrocardiogram(ECG)

B.Bloodpressure(BP)

C.Pulseoximetry($SpO_2$)

D.Temperature

Answer:ABCD

4.Whichdrugscanbeusedforpremedication?

A.Benzodiazepines

B.Anticholinergics

C.Antiemetics

D.Opioids

Answer:ABCD

5.Theadvantagesofregionalanesthesiainclude?

A.Lessimpactontherespiratorysystem

B.Lessriskofpostoperativecognitivedysfunction

C.Goodanalgesiaeffect

D.Noneedforairwaymanagement

Answer:ABC

6.Whichfactorscanaffectthechoiceofanestheticmethod?

A.Patient'sage

B.Surgicalsite

C.Patient'sunderlyingdiseases

D.Anesthesiologist'spreference

Answer:ABC

7.Whichofthefollowingareintravenousanesthetics?

A.Ketamine

B.Thiopentalsodium

C.Propofol

D.Isoflurane

Answer:ABC

8.Complicationsassociatedwithtrachealintubationmayinclude?

A.Laryngealedema

B.Trachealinjury

C.Aspiration

D.Pneumothorax

Answer:ABC

9.Whatarethefunctionsofanestheticmachines?

A.Deliverinhalationalanesthetics

B.Provideoxygen

C.Monitorvitalsigns

D.Assistventilation

Answer:ABD

10.Postoperativeanalgesiamethodsinclude?

A.Oralanalgesics

B.Patient-controlledanalgesia(PCA)

C.Regionalanalgesia

D.Intravenousopioids

Answer:ABCD

TrueorFalseQuestions(2pointseach,10questionsintotal)

1.Generalanesthesiaalwaysrequirestrachealintubation.(False)

2.Localanestheticsworkbyblockingsodiumchannelsinnervefibers.(True)

3.Opioidscanonlybeusedforintraoperativeanalgesia.(False)

4.Musclerelaxantscancauserespiratorymuscleparalysis.(True)

5.Thehighertheconcentrationofinhalationalanesthetic,thefastertheinductionofanesthesia.(True)

6.Spinalanesthesiahasnoriskofsystemictoxicityoflocalanesthetics.(False)

7.Premedicationcanreducetheamountofanestheticdrugsusedduringanesthesia.(True)

8.Anestheticdepthcanbeaccuratelyjudgedonlybymonitoringvitalsigns.(False)

9.Postoperativenauseaandvomitingarenotrelatedtoanesthesia.(False)

10.Nitrousoxideisacommonlyusedinhalationalanestheticwithstronganalgesiceffect.(True)

ShortAnswerQuestions(5pointseach,4questionsintotal)

1.Question:Listtwocommonsideeffectsofopioidsduringanesthesia.

Answer:Respiratorydepressionandnausea/vomitingarecommonsideeffectsofopioidsduringanesthesia.

2.Question:Whatarethekeypointsofairwaymanagementduringgeneralanesthesia?

Answer:Ensureapatentairway.Thisincludesproperpositioning,usingdeviceslikeendotrachealtubesorsupraglotticairways,andpreventingairwayobstructionfromsecretionsorforeignbodies.

3.Question:Whyispremedicationimportantbeforeanesthesia?

Answer:Premedicationhelpsreducepatientanxiety,decreasegastricacidityandvolume,dryairwaysecretions,andprovidessomesedationandanalgesia,facilitatingasmootherinductionofanesthesia.

4.Question:Whatarethemaindifferencesbetweendepolarizingandnon-depolarizingmusclerelaxants?

Answer:Depolarizingmusclerelaxantsactlikeacetylcholine,causinginitialmusclefasciculations.Non-depolarizingmusclerelaxantscompetitivelyblockacetylcholinereceptors.Depolarizingonescannotbereversedeasily,whilenon-depolarizingonescanbereversedbydrugslikeneostigmine.

DiscussionQuestions(5pointseach,4questionsintotal)

1.Question:Discusstheimportanceofintraoperativemonitoringinanesthesia.

Answer:Intraoperativemonitoringiscrucial.Itallowsanesthesiologiststocontinuouslyassessthepatient'sphysiologicalstatus,suchasvitalsigns,oxygenation,andanestheticdepth.Thishelpsinearlydetectionofpotentialproblemslikehypotension,hypoxia,oranestheticoverdose,enablingtimelyinterventionstoensurepatientsafety.

2.Question:Analyzetheindicationsandcontraindicationsofregionalanesthesia.

Answer:Indicationsincludesurgeriesinspecificbodyregions,likelowerlimborabdominalsurgeries,forgoodanalgesiawithlessimpactonthewholebody.Contraindicationsarepatientrefusal,localinfectionattheinjectionsite,coagulopathy,andneurologicaldiseasesintheareaofblock.

3.Question:Howtopreventanddealwithintraoperativehypotensionduringanesthesia?