2023級高二上學期階段性測試英語試題注意事項：1.滿分150分,考試時間120分鐘。2.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。3.選擇題答案必須用鉛筆涂在答題卡上，非選擇題答案請用黑色簽字筆填到答題卡上的相應位置。考試結束，只交答題卡。第一部分聽力（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatexercisedoesthewomanusuallydorightnow?A.Running.B.Cycling.C.Sw?mming.2.Whatistheweatherlike?A.Hot.B.Cold.C.Wet.3Howdoesthewomangettoworkprobably?A.Bybus.B.Bybike.C.Bycar.4.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Walking.B.Working.C.Studying.5.Whatmightbetheageoftheman?A.60.B.30.C.9.第二節聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whathappenedtotheman'sbag?A.Itwasstolen.B.Heforgotwheretoputit.C.Hedidn'ttakeit.7.Whydidthefirealarmsound?A.Therewasafire-safetypractice.B.Therewasanaccidentinthelab.C.Therewasafire.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whichlanguageisthesingerusing?A.English.B.Chinese.C.Korean.9.Whoissingingthesong?A.Awoman.B.Aman.C.Achild.10.Whatisthesongabout?A.Love.B.War.C.Travel.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.What'stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Dentistandpatient.B.Sisterandbrother.C.Salesmanandcustomer.12.Howcanthemanbedescribed?A.Serious.B.Flexible.C.Impatient.13.Howmanyitemswillthewomanwanttobuy?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inabedroom.B.Inthekitchen.C.Inthelivingroom.15.Howdoesthewomanfeel?A.Calm.B.Amused.C.Frightened.16.Whatwillthemandonext?A.A.Gotosleep.B.Lookforthecreature.C.Comfortthewoman.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatisthetitleofHannah'salbum?A.LateShow.B.Glory.C.Arctic.18.HowmanyacademyawardshasMartinwon?A.1.B.2.C.3.19.WhatwasChrislikelyoccupation?A.Anathlete.B.Asinger.C.Anactor.20.WhyisLauraleavingtheshow?A.Shewilltakecareofherchildren.B.Shehasanotherjob.C.Sheismovingtoanothercity.第二部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分50分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWomenscientistsaroundtheworldhavemadesignificantcontributionstoStem(sciencetechnology,engineering,andmaths).Herearefourwhopushedboundariesandchangedtheworld.WuChienshiung(1912—1997)BoninTaicang,Jiangsuprovince,WutookpartintheManhattanProjectwhichhelpedcreatetheworld’sfirstnuclearweapon.HerfamousWuexperimentoverturnedthetheoryofparity(宇稱理論)inphysics.ThisbreakthroughledtoaNobelPrizethatwasawardedtohermalecolleagues,butWu’scriticalroleintheworkwasoverlooked.HedyLamarr(1914—2000)Austria-bornLamarrstarredinalotofHollywoodfilmsandmadegreatsuccess.Shewasalsosupersmartandaself-taughtinventor.Duringthesecondworldwar,LamarrtogetherwithGeorgeAntheil,acomposer,developedaradioguidancesystem.TheprincipleoftheirworkispartofthebasisofBluetoothandwirelesstechnology.KatherineJohns(1918—2020)AfricanAmericanNASAmathematicianJohnson’scalculationswerecriticalingettingthefirstUSastronautstospaceandbacksafely.Duringher33-yearcareeratNASA,Katherineearnedareputationformasteringcomplexcalculationsandwasreferredtoasa“humancomputer”.TuYouyou(1930—)BorninNingbo,Zhejiangprovince,Tusharedthe2015NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinewithtwootherforeignscientists,forherworkindiscoveringartemisinin,adrugusedtotreatmalaria(瘧疾).Herworkhassavedmillionsoflivesallovertheworld.TuisthefirstChineseNobelwinnerinphysiologyormedicineandthefirstfemalecitizenofthePRCtowinaNobelPrize.1.Besidesbeinganinventor,HedyLamarrisalsoa(n)________.A.composer B.producerC.actress D.mathematician2.WhatisTuYouyou’sgreatestcontributiontotheworld?A.Shetreatedpeopleformalaria. B.Herdiscoveryhelpedsavemillions.C.SheisthefirstChinesNobelwinner. D.Herresearchprojectisoneofakind.3.Whatdothefourfemalescientistshaveincommon?A.Theysharedthesameinterest. B.Theyeachconstructedatheory.C.TheywereallawardedtheNobelPrize. D.Theyallmadeadifferencetotheworld.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四位改變世界的女性科學家。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據HedyLamarr(1914—2000)部分中的“Austria-bornLamarrstarredinalotofHollywoodfilmsandmadegreatsuccess.Shewasalsosupersmartandaself-taughtinventor.(奧地利出生的拉瑪出演了許多好萊塢電影，并取得了巨大的成功。她還非常聰明，是一個自學成才的發明家)”可知，除了是一個發明家，海蒂·拉瑪也是一位女演員。故選C。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據TuYouyou(1930—)部分中的“Herworkhassavedmillionsoflivesallovertheworld.(她的工作拯救了全世界數百萬人的生命)”可知，屠呦呦對世界最大的貢獻是她的發現幫助拯救了數百萬人。故選B。【3題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段中的“Herearefourwhopushedboundariesandchangedtheworld.(下面是四位打破界限、改變世界的人)”可知，這四位女科學家共同之處是她們都對世界產生了影響。故選D。BTwoyearsago,HolmesparticipatedinBacktoSchoolBash.Hewasholdingdowntwojobsatthetime—onewiththecity’spublicworksdepartment,theotherasabarber.Saturdaywashisbusiesthair-cuttingday,buthechosetodonatehistimeandgivefreehaircutstokidsfrompoorfamiliessothey’dlookneatandclearonthatfirstdayofclasses.Butthenanideahithim—“Thekidsshouldearntheirfreehaircutbyhavingtoreadabooktome,”Holmessaid.TheideawassopopularthathecontinueditthefirstTuesdayofeverymonthforthenexttwoyears.Boysfromfivetotenyearsoldwouldgrabafavoritebook,settleintothebarberchair,andreadaloudwhileHolmeswasdoingtheirhair.Iftheyfoundawordobscure,Holmeswastheretohelp.Afterthehaircut,they’dreviewthebook,fromthecharactersandvocabularytothethemes—justlikeinschool,onlymorefun.Holmes,whoismarriedandhastwosons,agesthreeandfour,recognizesthatnoteveryparenthasthetimetoreadwiththeirkids.Holmesadmitshe,too,benefitsfromtheprocess.HolmesandhisfamilyhaverecentlymovedtoasmalltowninChicago.Whentheygetsettled,heplanstotakeuphisroleastheStory-bookBarber.“Thewaytheworldistodaywithgunsandviolence,”hesays.“It’sasafeheavenforthekids,tocometothebarbershopandreadbooks.”4.WhatdoweknowaboutHolmes?A.Helivedahardlife. B.Hewasthebusiestbarberinthecity.C.Heofferedfreehaircutstothepoorkids. D.HeorganizedBacktoSchoolBash.5.Whatdidtheboysdoduringthehaircut?A.Readingbooksaloud. B.Discussingthecharacters.C.Reviewingthevocabulary. D.Talkingabouttheirfavoritebooks.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“obscure”inparagraph2mean?A.Simple. B.Awkward. C.Attractive. D.Confusing.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeHolmes?A.Braveandcreative. B.Caringandhelpful.C.Honestandpositive. D.Luckyandoutgoing.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了Holmes周六為貧窮的小孩子免費理發的故事。作為一名理發師，Holmes做了一件非常有意義的事情，那就是要求貧窮孩子為他讀一本書，他就免費為其理發。文章具體介紹了孩子通過他的活動受益匪淺，他也收獲很大。【4題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段“Twoyearsago,HolmesparticipatedinBacktoSchoolBash.Hewasholdingdowntwojobsatthetime—onewiththecity’spublicworksdepartment,theotherasabarber.Saturdaywashisbusiesthair-cuttingday,buthechosetodonatehistimeandgivefreehaircutstokidsfrompoorfamiliessothey’dlookneatandclearonthatfirstdayofclasses.(兩年前，Holmes參與了“回到學校狂歡會”。當時他有兩份工作——一份在市政工程部門，另一份是理發師。周六是他最忙的理發日，但他選擇捐出自己的時間，為那些不幸的孩子免費理發，這樣他們在第一天上課時就會看起來整潔)”可知，兩年前，Holmes為貧困的孩子們免費理發。故選C。【5題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段“Boysfromfivetotenyearsoldwouldgrabafavoritebook,settleintothebarberchair,andreadaloudwhileHolmeswasdoingtheirhair.(5到10歲的男孩們會抓起一本最喜歡的書，坐在理發椅上，在福爾摩斯給他們理發的時候大聲朗讀)”可知，男孩們在理發時大聲朗讀。故選A。【6題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據劃線詞上文“Boysfromfivetotenyearsoldwouldgrabafavoritebook,settleintothebarberchair,andreadaloudwhileHolmeswasdoingtheirhair.(5到10歲的男孩們會抓起一本最喜歡的書，坐在理發椅上，在福爾摩斯給他們梳頭的時候大聲朗讀)”以及后文“Holmeswastheretohelp”可知，Holmes理發的時候男孩們就大聲朗讀，遇到困惑的地方，Holmes就提供幫助。故劃線詞意思是“令人困惑的”。故選D。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段“Saturdaywashisbusiesthair-cuttingday,buthechosetodonatehistimeandgivefreehaircutstokidsfrompoorfamiliessothey’dlookneatandclearonthatfirstdayofclasses.(周六是他最忙的理發日，但他選擇貢獻自己的時間，為貧困家庭的孩子免費理發，這樣他們在第一天上課時就能看起來整潔干凈)”以及第二段“Boysfromfivetotenyearsoldwouldgrabafavoritebook,settleintothebarberchair,andreadaloudwhileHolmeswasdoingtheirhair.Iftheyfoundawordobscure,Holmeswastheretohelp.(5到10歲的男孩們會抓起一本最喜歡的書，坐在理發椅上，在福爾摩斯給他們梳頭的時候大聲朗讀。如果他們發現一個詞晦澀難懂，Holmes就會幫助他們)”可推知，Holmes免費給貧困家庭的孩子理發，幫助他們閱讀，Holmes有愛心且樂于助人。故選B。CThere’snodoubtthatfootballistheglobalsport.Thoughbasketball,tennis,andothersportsarepopulartoo,nothingcomesclosetofootball.Beingplayedineverycountryintheworld,footballprovidesdozensofsuperstars.Thenumbersaregreaterwhencomparedtoanyothersport,andthisdrivesthepopularityoffootballup.Haveyoueverwonderedwhenthesportstartedandbecamepopular?Footballhasitsorigin(起源)inChinaandhasahistoryofmorethan2,000years.However,modernfootballoriginallyappearedinBritaininthe19thcentury.Folkfootballmatcheshadbeenplayedbeforeinmanycitiesandtowns,butneveronaprofessionallevel.Footballbecameawintersportgameplayedindifferentschools.Theruleswerecarriedoutbyeachschool,andthismadeitdifficultforplayerstoplayanofficialgamewitheachother.Itallchangedin1849attheUniversityofCambridgethatinventedasetofstandardrulesknownastheCambridgerulesoffootball.Fromthatmoment,anewstarsportwasborn.Bytheearly20thcentury,footballhadspreadallacrossEurope.In1904,FIFAwassetup.Therearesevenoriginalmembers,includingFrance,DenmarkandSpain,FIFAbecamethegoverningbodyformanyassociationsinEurope.England’sinternationalsuccessimprovedthepopularityofthesportinthecountry.Theleague(聯賽)inBritainwassetupin1992.Fromthe1990s,itbecameatrulyimpressivepieceoffootballorganization,becomingtheworld’stopfootballleagueintheprocess.Footballisobviouslythemostpopularsportintheworld.Itisimpossibleforanyothersporttotakeitsplace,especiallywithleaguesspendingbillionsofpoundseveryyeartostayinthefocus.8.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingparagraph1?A.Todescribetheleveloffootball.B.Tointroducethetopicofthetext.C.Todebatethemainideaofthetext.D.Tointroducefamousfootballleagues.9.Wheredidmodernfootballfirststart?A.InChina. B.InFrance.C.InBritain. D.InSpain.10.Whywasitdifficulttoplayanofficialgamebefore1849?A.Therulesalwayschanged.B.Therewerenocommonrules.C.Theseasonmadeplayershardtowin.D.Officialsmadeplayersmisunderstandtherules.11.Howisthetextmainlydeveloped?A.Bytimeorder. B.Byspaceorder.C.Bylistingnumbers. D.Bygivingexamples.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了足球作為一項全球性運動有其歷史淵源以及從足球的形成到現代足球的發展歷程。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第一段講到“Haveyoueverwonderedwhenthesportstartedandbecamepopular?(你有沒有想過這項運動是什么時候開始并流行起來的？)”可知，作者撰寫第一段的目的是介紹文章的主題。故選B。【9題詳解】細節理解題。文章第二段講到“However,modernfootballoriginallyappearedinBritaininthe19thcentury.(然而，現代足球最初出現在19世紀的英國)”可知，現代足球從英國開始，故選C。10題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第三段講到“Theruleswerecarriedoutbyeachschool,andthismadeitdifficultforplayerstoplayanofficialgamewitheachother.(規則由各校執行，這使得玩家之間很難進行正式比賽)”可知，在1849年之前很難進行正式比賽是因為沒有共同的規則。故選B。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。文章主要介紹了足球作為一項全球性運動有其歷史淵源以及從足球的形成到現代足球的發展歷程。從文章中出現的年代順序2,000以前—1849—1904—1992可知，文章主要是按時間順序展開的。故選A。DHaveyoueverseentheMoonrisingoveryourtownorcity?Itcanappearverylargewhenitislowonthehorizon.Ourmoongoesthroughphases(月相)anditlooksalittledifferenteveryday.Whenthewholemoonislitup,itiscalledafullmoon.WhentheMoonisentirelydark,it’sanewmoon.Whenthereisonlyathinedgeofthecircleshining,it’sacrescentmoon.Whenacrescentmoonisrising,wecanoccasionallyseeauniqueevent.WhentheSun,theEarth,andtheMoonarelinedupjustright,someofthesunlightthathitstheEarthcanbereflectedontotheMoon.ThiscausesmostpartoftheMoontogiveoffafaintglow,whiletherestoftheMoonisbrightlylitbythesunlight.ThisphenomenonisnamedtheDaVinciglow.ItwasLeonardodaVinci,agreatartist,inventorandscientist,whoexplaineditforthefirsttime.Sometimes,itisalsocalled“earthshine.”WhenDaVinciwroteaboutearthshine,hesuggestedthatitmightbecausedbysunlightreflectedfromtheEarth’soceans.Hewasalmostcompletelycorrect,exceptforonedetail:mostofthereflectedsunlightcomesfromthecloudsinouratmosphere.ThereflectedlightfromtheEarthisbrightenoughtolightupthesideoftheMoonthatisn’treceivingdirectsunlight.TheDaVinciglowisnoteasytosee.Conditionsneedtobejustright.Duetotheanglesoflight,theMoonhastobeverylowonthehorizon.Thebesttimetoseeitwillbeinthedaysbeforeandafterthenewmoon.Duringthesedays,thelit-upedgeofthecrescentmoonisatitsthinneststage.IfyouobservetheMoonbeforesunriseoraftersunset,itmaybepossibletowitnessthereflectedlightfromtheEarth.Forthebestexperience,choosealocationoutdoorswherethereisnottoomuchartificiallight.Youcanuseatelescope,butit’snotnecessarysincetheMoonwilllookjustasimpressivewhenviewedwiththebareeye.12.WhichofthefollowingistheDaVinciglow?A. B.C. D.13.WhatisthemaincauseoftheDaVinciglow?A.SunlightreceivedbytheMoon’ssurface. B.SunlightreflectedfromtheEarth’sclouds.C.SunlightreflectedfromtheEarth’soceans. D.SunlightreceivedbytheMoon’slit-upedge.14.WhyistheDaVinciglowanunusualphenomenon?A.Itrequiresspecificlightconditions. B.Itlaststooshorttobeobserved.C.Itoccursatthecrescentmoonstage. D.ItneedsbrightlightfromtheSun.15.Whichofthefollowingmattersmosttoanidealobservationofthephenomenon?A.Asuitableplace. B.Goodeyesight.C.Aspecialinstrument. D.Brightmoonlight.【答案】12.B13.B14.A15.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了月球的達·芬奇輝光現象。【12題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段中“ThiscausesmostpartoftheMoontogiveoffafaintglow,whiletherestoftheMoonisbrightlylitbythesunlight.(這導致月球的大部分發出微弱的光芒，而月球的其余部分則被陽光照亮。)”和第三段中“ThisphenomenonisnamedtheDaVinciglow.(這種現象被命名為達·芬奇輝光。)”可知，B項符合達·芬奇輝光現象。故選B項。【13題詳解】細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中“Hewasalmostcompletelycorrect,exceptforonedetail:mostofthereflectedsunlightcomesfromthecloudsinouratmosphere.(他幾乎是完全正確的，除了一個細節：大部分反射的陽光來自我們大氣層中的云。)”可知，達芬奇輝光主要是地球云層反射的陽光。故選B項。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據倒數第一段中“TheDaVinciglowisnoteasytosee.Conditionsneedtobejustright.Duetotheanglesoflight,theMoonhastobeverylowonthehorizon.(達·芬奇輝光不容易被看到。條件需要恰到好處。由于光線的角度，月球必須在地平線上非常低。)”可知，達·芬奇輝光是一種不尋常的現象，因為它需要特定的光照條件。故選A項。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“Forthebestexperience,choosealocationoutdoorswherethereisnottoomuchartificiallight.(為了獲得最佳體驗，選擇室外沒有太多人造光的地方。)”可知，一個合適的地方對觀察該現象最重要。故選A項。第二節（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。TricksToBecomingAPatientPersonHere’sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon?Thereisoneanswer.___16___.IntheDigitalAge,we’reusedtohavingwhatweneedimmediatelyandrightatourfingertips.However,researchsuggeststhatifwepracticedpatience,we’dbeawholelotbetteroff.Hereareseveraltricks.●Practicegratitude(感激)Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.___17___.“Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself-control,”saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.●MakeyourselfwaitInstantgratification(滿足)mayseemlikethemost“feelgood”optionatthetime,butpsychologyresearchsuggestswaitingforthingsactuallymakesushappierinthelongrun.Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.___18___.Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake.You’llsoonfindthatthemorepatienceyoupractice,themoreyoustarttoapplyittoother,moreannoyingsituations.●___19___.Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself,“___20___.”You’llthengraduallybecomemorepatient.A.FindyourcausesB.StartwithsmalltasksC.AccepttheuncomfortableD.AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE.ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF.ThisismerelyuncomfortablenotintolerableG.They’reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience【答案】16.G17.E18.B19.C20.F【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了變得耐心的一些方法。【16題詳解】根據上文“Here’sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon?There’soneanswer.(這里有一個謎語：交通堵塞、排長隊和等待假期開始有什么共同之處？答案只有一個)”可知，本句說明上文謎語的答案，結合“交通堵塞、排長隊和等待假期”這些情況可知都需要耐心。故G選項“在這些情況下，我們都需要一點額外的耐心”符合語境，故選G。【17題詳解】根據上文“Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.(感恩有很多好處：研究表明，感恩讓我們更快樂，壓力更小，甚至更樂觀)”以及后文““Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself-control,”saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.(加州大學的研究員葉麗說：“表達感激可以培養自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的諸多好處，可知本句繼續說明感恩的好處：它還可以幫助我們練習更多的耐心。E選項中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E選項“它還可以幫助我們練習更多的耐心”符合語境，故選E。【18題詳解】根據上文“Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.(我們養成等待習慣的唯一方法就是練習)”以及后文“Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake.(把你最喜歡的節目推遲到周末再看，或者多等10分鐘再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列舉的事情都是日常的小事，說明要從小事開始練習等待，故B選項“從小任務開始”符合語境，故選B。【19題詳解】根據本段內容“Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.(我們中的許多人都認為舒適是我們唯一能容忍的狀態，當我們經歷舒適區之外的事情時，我們會對環境失去耐心)”可知，本段提到了舒適是我們唯一能容忍的狀態，結合前文的小標題都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨與接受不舒適相關，C選項中uncomfortable對應后文comfortable。故C選項“接受不舒服”符合語境，故選C。【20題詳解】根據上文“Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself(你應該學會對自己說……)”以及后文“You’llthengraduallybecomemorepatient.(然后你會逐漸變得更有耐心)”結合本段主要說明的是不舒服的狀態，可知，本句為對自己所說的話與接受不舒服相關，故F選項“這僅僅是不舒服，而不是無法忍受”符合語境，故選F。【點睛】第三部分語言運用（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。I’vebeenmotivated—anddemotivated—byotherfolks’achievementsallmylife.WhenIwasateenager,aneighborhoodfriend____21____amarathonrace.Feelingmotivated,Istartedrunning____22____,butthentwothingshappened.First,agirlImetonedaytoldmeshewas____23____fora“super,”referringtoa52.4-miledoublemarathon.Then,thenextdayIwentonmylongestrun—15miles.Tobehonest,I____24____it!Betweenthegirlmakingmy____25____seemsmallandthepureboredomofjogging,Idecidedthattheonly____26____I’deverrunagainisifabigdogwasrunningafterme!SoI____27____cycling.Igotagoodbikeandrodealot.I____28____ofenteringcycleracesuntilIflewtoSanDiegotovisitmysister.Whileshewasatworkoneday,I____29____herbikeandwentforaride.The____30____:theroadstherewentthroughlargevalleyswhereI’dberidinguphillformilesatatime.I’dneverfacedsuch____31____.Thatday,Igot____32____byabout100“local”bikerswhowereusedtosuchroads.WhenIgotbackhome,suddenlyridingmybikedidn’tseemquiteas____33____.I’ve____34____alotsincethen.I’vecometoacceptthatwhatever____35____Isetformyself,theyjusthavetobemyown.21A.knew B.held C.won D.quit22.A.regularly B.silently C.proudly D.recently23.A.asking B.looking C.waiting D.training24.A.made B.believed C.hated D.deserved25.A.advantage B.achievement C.contribution D.influence26.A.way B.risk C.place D.reason27.A.gaveup B.wenton C.turnedto D.dealtwith28.A.heard B.dreamed C.complained D.approved29.A.painted B.borrowed C.bought D.parked30.A.problem B.secret C.principle D.advice31.A.dangers B.events C.opponents D.challenges32.A.passed B.convinced C.admired D.stopped33.A.reliable B.convenient C.familiar D.appealing34.A.traveled B.matured C.missed D.worried35.A.limits B.dates C.goals D.tests【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.C25.B26.D27.C28.B29.B30.A31.D32.A33.D34.B35.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。它詳細敘述了作者在不同階段對不同運動（跑步和騎自行車）的興趣和經歷，并通過這些經歷反映了作者的成長和心理變化。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我十幾歲的時候，一個鄰居朋友贏得了馬拉松比賽。A.knew知道；B.held抓住；C.won贏得；D.quit退出。根據后文“Feelingmotivated”可知，作者有了動力，所以此處應是一個鄰居朋友贏得了馬拉松比賽。故選C項。【22題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：有了動力，我開始定期跑步，但后來發生了兩件事。A.regularly有規律地；B.silently默默地；C.proudly自豪地；D.recently最近。根據前文“Feelingmotivated”可知，作者有了動力，所以應是定期跑步，符合語境。故選A項。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一個女孩告訴我，她正在為“超級”馬拉松訓練，指的是52.4英里的雙馬拉松。A.asking要求；B.looking看；C.waiting等待；D.training訓練。根據后文“referringtoa52.4-miledoublemarathon”可知，女孩要跑雙馬拉松，所以此處應是為之訓練，符合語境。故選D項。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：說實話，我討厭它!A.made制作；B.believed相信；C.hated討厭；D.deserved值得。根據前文“Then,thenextdayIwentonmylongestrun—15miles.”以及后文“Betweenthegirlmakingmy5seemsmallandthepureboredomofjogging”可知，作者最長跑了15miles和女孩一比微不足道，所以是討厭這個成績。故選C項。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在那個女孩面前，我的成就顯得微不足道，再加上慢跑的無聊，我決定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A.advantage優勢；B.achievement成就；C.contribution貢獻；D.influence影響。根據前文“Then,thenextdayIwentonmylongestrun—15miles.”以及后文“seemsmall”可知，作者最長跑了15miles，而女孩在為52.4miles做訓練，所以應是作者的成就微不足道。故選B項。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在那個女孩面前，我的成就顯得微不足道，再加上慢跑的無聊，我決定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A.way方式；B.risk風險；C.place地方；D.reason理由。根據后文“I’deverrunagainisifabigdogwasrunningafterme!”可知，有一只大狗在追“我”，“我”才會再跑步，這里說的是跑步的原因。故選D項。【27題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：所以我開始騎自行車。A.gaveup放棄；B.wenton繼續；C.turnedto轉向；D.dealtwith處理。根據前文“Idecidedthattheonly6I'deverrunagainisifabigdogwasrunningafterme!”可知，作者決定放棄跑步，所以此處應轉向騎自行車。故選C項。【28題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我夢想著參加自行車比賽，直到我飛到圣地亞哥去看我妹妹。A.heard聽到；B.dreamed夢想；C.complained抱怨；D.approved批準。根據后文“ofenteringcycleraces”結合選項可知，此處應是作者夢想著參加自行車比賽，符合語境。故選B項。【29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天她上班的時候，我借了她的自行車去兜風。A.painted把……描繪成；B.borrowed借；C.bought買；D.parked停(車)。根據前文“IflewtoSanDiegotovisitmysister”以及后文“wentforaride”可知，作者去看妹妹，所以要去騎行的話，應是向妹妹借自行車。故選B項。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：問題是：那里的道路穿過很大的山谷，我一次要騎上坡好幾英里。A.problem問題；B.secret秘密；C.principle原則；D.advice建議。根據后文“I’dberidinguphillformilesatatime.I’dneverfacedsuch11.”可知，作者要騎上坡好幾英里，這對他來說，是一個問題。故選A項。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我從來沒有遇到過這樣的挑戰。A.dangers危險；B.events事件；C.opponents對手；D.challenges挑戰。根據前文“The10:theroadstherewentthroughlargevalleyswhereI’dberidinguphillformilesatatime.”可知，作者要騎上坡好幾英里，這對他來說是一個挑戰。故選D項。【32題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：。那天，我被大約100個習慣了這種道路的“當地”騎自行車的人超過了。A.passed超過；B.convinced說服；C.admired欣賞；D.stopped阻止。根據前文“I’dneverfacedsuch11.”可知，作者騎上坡好幾英里是個挑戰，所以是被很多人超過。故選A項。【33題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當我回到家，突然騎自行車似乎不那么吸引人了。A.reliable可信賴的；B.convenient方便的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.appealing吸引人的。根據前文“Thatday,Igot12byabout100“local”bikerswhowereusedtosuchroads.”可知，作者那天騎行被100多人超過，所以此時是覺得騎自行車似乎不那么吸引人了。故選D項。【34題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：從那以后我成熟了很多。A.traveled旅行；B.matured(情感和認識)成熟；C.missed思念；D.worried擔心。根據后文“I’vecometoacceptthatwhatever15Isetformyself,theyjusthavetobemyown.”可知，作者不再輕易放棄，所以是成熟了很多。故選B項。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我已經開始接受這樣一個事實：無論我為自己設定什么目標，它們都必須是我自己的。A.limits限制；B.dates日期；C.goals目標；D.tests測試。根據后文“Isetformyself,theyjusthavetobemyown.”可知，此處應是“無論我為自己設定什么目標，它們都必須是我自己的目標”，符合語境。故選C項。【點睛】第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）第二節單詞拼寫（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）根據所給單詞的首字母或漢語提示，在答題卷上寫出空缺處單詞的正確形式，每空一詞。36.Hewasagoodmanwhowasc____________tohisfamilyaswellastohiswork.(根據首字母單詞拼寫)【答案】committed##ommitted【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：他是一個對家庭和工作都盡心盡力的好人。根據單詞首字母以及句意可知應用形容詞committed，作表語。故填committed。37.LuXun,a_________(=accept)asoneofthegreatestmodernwritersinChina,wasborninShaoxing,ZhejiangProvincein1881.(根據首字母單詞拼寫)【答案】acknowledged##cknowledged【解析】【詳解】考查動詞。句意：被公認為中國現代最偉大的作家之一的魯迅，1881年出生于浙江紹興。根據單詞首字母以及句意可知應填動詞acknowledge，與LuXun構成被動關系，故用過去分詞作定語。故填acknowledged。38.It’sv____________thatyou(should)mindyourtablemannerswhenyouattendadinnerparty.(根據首字母單詞拼寫)【答案】vital##ital【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：當你參加宴會時，注意你的餐桌禮儀是很重要的。根據單詞首字母以及句意可知應用形容詞vital，作表語。故填vital。39.Thesesmarthomeswillkeepuss________,saveusenergy,andprovideamorecomfortableenvironmenttolivein.(根據首字母單詞拼寫)【答案】secure##ecure【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：這些智能家居將保證我們的安全，節省我們的能源，并提供一個更舒適的生活環境。分析句子結構可知，空格處用形容詞作賓語補足語，根據常識和首字母提示s可知，智能家居將保證我們的安全，因此空格處為“安全的”，其形容詞為secure，故填secure。40.Atpresent,Chinabadlyneedstoptalentswhohasagoodc____________ofnaturalscience.(根據首字母單詞拼寫)【答案】command##ommand【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：目前，中國急需精通自然科學的頂尖人才。根據句意及首字母提示可知，此處考查固定短語haveagoodcommandof，表示“精通，熟練掌握”。故填command。41.ItisindeedanhonourforChina’s______(科學的)researchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld.(根據漢語提示單詞拼寫)【答案】scientific【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：中國的科學研究和中醫藥在世界各地傳播的確是一種榮譽。分析句子可知，設空處在句中修飾名詞research，“科學的”表達為形容詞scientific，作定語。故填scientific。42.Einsteinwasnotonlya______(天才);hewasacourageousandkindfigurelovedbymanypeople.(根據漢語提示單詞拼寫)【答案】genius【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：愛因斯坦不僅是個天才，他是一個勇敢而善良的人物，受到許多人的喜愛。“天才”表達為名詞genius，根據空前的不定冠詞a，可知空格處應用單數形式，作表語。故填genius。43.Smarttoiletswillbekeeping________(持續的)trackofyourhealthaswell.（根據漢語提示單詞拼寫）【答案】constant【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：智能廁所也會持續跟蹤你的健康狀況。修飾名詞用形容詞作定語，根據句意和漢語提示應填形容詞constant“持續的”作定語，故填constant。44.Theyadvocateasimplelifewithan________(強調)onhardwork,family,andcommunity.(根據漢語提示單詞拼寫)【答案】emphasis【解析】【詳解】考查名詞的數。句意：他們倡導一種簡單的生活，強調努力工作，家庭和社會。根據空格前的an可知空格處是單數名詞作賓語，再由漢語提示可知填emphasis。45.Therearemanydifferentgroupsofpeoplearoundtheworldwholivehappilyinthe______(缺席)ofnewtechnology.(根據漢語提示單詞拼寫)【答案】absence【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：世界上有許多不同群體的人在沒有新技術的情況下幸福地生活著。“缺席”表達為名詞absence，為不可數名詞，此處考查介詞短語intheabsenceof，意為“不存在；無……時，缺少……時”，為固定搭配。故填absence。第三節單句語法填空（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。46.ThereisnothingwecantohelpLinda,______circumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.(用適當的詞填空)【答案】whose【解析】【詳解】考查非限制性定語從句。句意：我們幫不了琳達，她的情況我們無法控制。分析句子可知，空處引導一個非限制性定語從句，代替先行詞Linda，并在從句中作定語，修飾名詞circumstances，所以應填關系代詞whose。故填whose。47.TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,________isconsideredoneofthehighestinternationalhonorsapersoncanreceive.(用適當的詞填空)【答案】which【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：屠呦呦獲得了諾貝爾獎，這被認為是一個人能獲得的最高國際榮譽之一。空格處引導的是非限制性定語從句，從句中缺少主語，先行詞NobelPrize是物，因此空格處用關系代詞which引導定語從句，故填which。48.Theythentriedboilingfreshwormwood,andusingtheliquid________________