高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山西省孝義市2024-2025學年高一下學期期中考試英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節,滿分50分)第一節(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AIt’spossibletoenjoysplendidviewswhentravelingbyair,especiallyduringtakeoffandlanding.Butthere’softennotmuchtoseewhenyou’reat39,000feet.That’sonereasonwhytraintravelhaslongbeenoneofthemostpopularwaystoseetheworld.ThefollowingarefourofthemostscenictrainridesonEarth.SriLankaRailwaysinSriLanka“TheridebetweenKandyandEllatakesyoupastcolorfulvillages,rollinghills,teaplantationsandmore,”saidtravelwriterLoriZaino.“It’sawholeculturalexperience—localsinmycarweresingingandclappingtheentiretime.”theseven-hourrideisagreatwaytoexploretheSriLankancountryside.Justbesuretochooseasecond-classseatsoyoucanlookoutthewindowandenjoytheview.PilatusLuzerninSwitzerlandBookanytraininSwitzerland,andyou’llprobablyenjoyuninterruptedviewsoftheAlps,beautifulalpinevillagesandglass-likelakes.Butforsomethingabitmoreadventurous,headtoAlpnachstadtoridethePilatusLuzern,whichisthesteepestcograilwayintheworld—climbingtoananglejustshyof45degrees,thoughthejourneyonlylastsabout30minutes.JacobiteSteamTraininScotland“AboardtheJacobiteSteamTrain,whichplayedtheroleoftheHogwartsExpressinthe“HarryPotter”movies,passengersfeellikethey’reontheirwaytoHogwarts,”CanadiantravelwriterJohannaReadsaid.“StartingatthebaseofScotland’shighestmountain,BenNevis,thetrainpassesbyScotland’smoors(曠野)andlakesandthenslowsforphotosasitcrossesthe21archesofthecurved(彎曲的)GlenfinnanViaductalsofeaturedinthemovies.”DenaliStarinAlaskaDiscovertheAlaskanwildernessbyrailwitharideontheDenaliStar.Onlyavailableinthesummerseason,theDenaliStarisa12-hour,356-milejourneythatpassestheKnikRiver,theHealyCanyonandhundredsoffeetoverHurricaneGulch.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutthetrainsinSwitzerland?A.Theyfeatureanairofjoy.B.Noneofthemisattractivetoadventurouspassengers.C.AnyofthemislikelytoofferuninterruptedviewsoftheAlps.D.Comparedwiththeotherthree,theyhavetheshortesttraveltime.2.WhatisspecialabouttheJacobiteSteamTrain?A.Itpassesbylakes. B.Ithasappearedinfilms.C.Itoffersavarietyoflandscapes. D.Itssecond-classseatsarepopular.3.Whatdothesetrainrideshaveincommon?A.Theycoverlongdistances. B.Theypassthroughmountains.C.Theyofferimpressivescenery. D.Theyarebeneficialforculturalcommunication.【答案】1.C2.B3.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。介紹地球上四條最具觀賞性的火車旅行路線，包括斯里蘭卡、瑞士、蘇格蘭及阿拉斯加的特色火車及沿途風景。【1題詳析】細節理解題。根據PilatusLuzerninSwitzerland部分中“BookanytraininSwitzerland,andyou’llprobablyenjoyuninterruptedviewsoftheAlps,beautifulalpinevillagesandglass-likelakes.(在瑞士預訂任何一列火車，你可能會欣賞到阿爾卑斯山、美麗的高山村莊和如玻璃般的湖泊的不間斷景色)”可知，在瑞士，任何一列火車都可能提供阿爾卑斯山不間斷的景色。故選C。【2題詳析】細節理解題。根據JacobiteSteamTraininScotland部分中“AboardtheJacobiteSteamTrain,whichplayedtheroleoftheHogwartsExpressinthe‘HarryPotter’movies,passengersfeellikethey’reontheirwaytoHogwarts(乘坐曾在《哈利?波特》系列電影中扮演霍格沃茨特快列車角色的雅各布蒸汽火車，乘客們感覺自己仿佛正前往霍格沃茨)”可知，雅各布蒸汽火車的特別之處在于它在電影中出現過。故選B。【3題詳析】細節理解題。根據第一段中“That’sonereasonwhytraintravelhaslongbeenoneofthemostpopularwaystoseetheworld.ThefollowingarefourofthemostscenictrainridesonEarth.(這就是為什么火車旅行長期以來一直是看世界最受歡迎的方式之一的原因。以下是地球上四條最風景優美的火車之旅)”以及對四列火車的描述SriLankaRailwaysinSriLanka中“TheridebetweenKandyandEllatakesyoupastcolorfulvillages,rollinghills,teaplantationsandmore(康提和埃拉之間的旅程會帶你經過色彩斑斕的村莊、起伏的山丘、茶園等等)”；PilatusLuzerninSwitzerland中“BookanytraininSwitzerland,andyou’llprobablyenjoyuninterruptedviewsoftheAlps,beautifulalpinevillagesandglass-likelakes.(在瑞士預訂任何一列火車，您都可能會欣賞到阿爾卑斯山、美麗的高山村莊和玻璃般的湖泊的美景)”；JacobiteSteamTraininScotland中“thetrainpassesbyScotland’smoors(曠野)andlakesandthenslowsforphotosasitcrossesthe21archesofthecurved(彎曲的)GlenfinnanViaductalsofeaturedinthemovies.(火車經過蘇格蘭的曠野和湖泊，然后在穿過電影中也出現過的彎曲的格倫芬南高架橋的21個拱門時減速以便拍照)”；DenaliStarinAlaska中“theDenaliStarisa12-hour,356-milejourneythatpassestheKnikRiver,theHealyCanyonandhundredsoffeetoverHurricaneGulch.(迪納利之星是一段12小時、356英里的旅程，經過尼克河、希利峽谷，并在颶風峽谷上方數百英尺處行駛)”可知，這些火車之旅的共同之處是它們都提供令人印象深刻的風景。故選C。BTheenvironmentwherechildrenareraisedprimarilyinfluencesthekindofindividualstheygrowuptobe.That’swhykidsneedtobebroughtupinasupportiveandlovinghome.Unfortunately,noteverykidisluckyenoughtohavethisexperience.This15-year-oldboyfromNashville,Tennessee,namedAndrewcanrelatetothissituationalltoowell.Thechildhasbeeninstatecustody(監護)sincehewas6yearsold.Fiveyearsago,DominiqueGillandherhusband,KevinGill,openedtheirhometoAndrewanddecidedtobecomehisfosterparents(養父母).Theboywas10atthetime,andunderstandably,ittookhimawhiletoadjusttohisnewenvironment.“Duringhisfirstweekwithus,hesatinhisroomwiththedoorclosedandlookedatoldpictures.Hedidn’twanttotalk,”DominiquetoldTODAYParents.Hewouldalso“screamandbehavebadly”totrytopushthemaway.ButDominiqueandKevinrefusedtogiveuponhim.Eventually,Andrewlearnedtocontrolhisemotionsandhasalsodevelopedatightbondwiththeirson,Joc.WhentheGillfamilyaskedAndrewifhewantedtobeapermanentpartoftheirfamily,hesaidyes,andhewasofficiallyadoptedinMarch2025.Initially,theGillshadnoplanofadoptingwhentheybeganfostering.Alltheywantedtodowashelpasmanyneglectedchildrenastheycould.However,whenAndrew’ssecondadoptionfailed,theytookitasasignthathewasmeanttobewiththeirfamilyforever.NowthatAndrewisofficiallyaGill,thingshavebeengoingreallywellforthefamily.However,Dominiquecan’thelpbutnoticethestarestheygetwheneverthey’reoutinpublic,becauseAndrew’swhiteandthey’reblack.RacehasneverbeenanissuewithAndreworhisadoptivefamily.Hecheckedthe“nopreference”boxwhenhewasaskedabouthisracepreferenceforhisfosterparents.“Lovedoesn’thaveacolor.AndrewisoursonjustlikeJocisourson,”Dominiquesaid.“He’sapartofus.”Indeed,truelovedoesn’tdiscriminate;itonlyaccepts!4.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“neglectedchildren”inparagraph4referto?A.Childrenunwillingtotalk.B.Childrenhardtocontroltheiremotions.C.Childrennotreceivingenoughcareorattention.D.Childrenhardtoadjusttonewenvironments.5.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeDominiqueandKevin?A.Patientandcaring. B.Braveandsupportive.C.Generousandmodest. D.Respectedandconsiderate.6.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Andrewhaslivedinthreefosterfamiliesintotal.B.Shortlyafterbeingadopted,Andrewbehavedbadly.C.BecauseofAndrew’sskincolor,theGillswereunwillingtoadopthim.D.Whilechoosingfosterparents,Andrewdidn’ttakeraceintoconsideration.7.What’sthemessageofthisstory?A.Racemeansnothing. B.Everyoneisbornequal.C.Lovecanmelteverything. D.Environmentwhereonegrowsmatters.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了田納西州15歲男孩安德魯曾被國家監護，多米尼克夫婦收養他，用愛讓他融入家庭，體現真愛無種族和偏見。【4題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據第一段“Theenvironmentwherechildrenareraisedprimarilyinfluencesthekindofindividualstheygrowuptobe.That’swhykidsneedtobebroughtupinasupportiveandlovinghome.Unfortunately,noteverykidisluckyenoughtohavethisexperience.(孩子們成長的環境主要影響他們成長為什么樣的人。這就是為什么孩子們需要在一個充滿支持和愛的家庭中長大。不幸的是，并不是每個孩子都有這樣的經歷)”，第二段“Thechildhasbeeninstatecustody(監護)sincehewas6yearsold.(這個孩子從6歲起就由國家監護)”，以及第三段“However,whenAndrew’ssecondadoptionfailed,theytookitasasignthathewasmeanttobewiththeirfamilyforever.(然而，當安德魯的第二次領養未能成功時，他們把這看作是一個征兆，表明安德魯注定要永遠和他們一家在一起)”可知，不是每個孩子都能在充滿愛和支持的家庭中長大，以及多米尼克夫婦打算收養安德魯可知，多米尼克夫婦想幫助那些沒有得到足夠關愛和照顧的孩子。由此可推知，劃線部分neglectedchildren指的是那些沒有得到足夠關愛和照顧的孩子，即“沒有得到足夠關心或關注的孩子”。故選C項。【5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第三段“Hewouldalso“screamandbehavebadly”totrytopushthemaway.ButDominiqueandKevinrefusedtogiveuponhim.Eventually,Andrewlearnedtocontrolhisemotionsandhasalsodevelopedatightbondwiththeirson,Joc.(他還會“尖叫和表現不好”試圖推開他們。但多米尼克和凱文沒有放棄他。最終，安德魯學會了控制自己的情緒，并且和他們的兒子喬克也建立了緊密的聯系)”可知，面對安德魯不好的行為，他們沒有放棄，很有耐心，而且想要幫助像安德魯這樣的孩子，說明他們很有愛心，所以用Patientandcaring來描述多米尼克和凱文最合適。故選A項。【6題詳析】細節理解題。根據倒數第二段“Hecheckedthe“nopreference”boxwhenhewasaskedabouthisracepreferenceforhisfosterparents.(當被問及對養父母的種族偏好時，他勾選了“無偏好”選項)”可知，在選擇養父母時，安德魯沒有考慮種族因素。故選D項。【7題詳析】主旨大意題。根據最后一段“Indeed,truelovedoesn’tdiscriminate;itonlyaccepts!(的確，真愛不歧視；它只接納！)”以及文章中多米尼克和凱文收養安德魯，盡管安德魯一開始表現不好，他們也沒有放棄，最終安德魯融入了家庭，可知本文傳遞的信息是愛可以融化一切。故選C項。CSwimmingisagreatexerciseforstayinghealthy.Butitcanalsobealifesavingskillandhelptokeepyoufromdrowning.However,insomebodiesofwater,swimmingmightbedifficult.Ontoday’sshow,wetalkaboutseveralEnglishexpressionsthatuse“swim”todescribedifferentwaystofaceasituation—especiallydanger,difficulty,oranyhardship.Let’sstartwithswimminginrivers.Let’ssayyoujumpinariverandswimdownstream.Thatmeansyouareswimmingwiththecurrentofthewater.Thismakesswimmingeasierandfaster.So,theexpressiontoswimdownstreammeansusingtheeasywaytogetsomethingdone.However,whenyouswimupstream,youhavetofighttheflowofthewater.Insomeriversorotherbodiesofwater,swimmingupstreamisnearlyimpossible.Asanexpression,swimmingupstreammeansyoutakeamoredifficultpathtodosomething.Youmakeitharderforyourself.Here’sanexample:Dealingwithmoneyisnotmystrongsuit.Infact,lastyearIwasdrowningindebt.Everymonthwhenbillsarrived,IfeltlikeIwasswimmingupstream.SoIwenttoafinancialadvisor.Now,ifyouareswimmingintheocean,sea,orotherlargebodiesofwater,youmaybefightingthetide.Swimmingagainstthetideisanotherexpression.Itmeansyouarefightingagainstverypowerfulforces.Andchancesareyouwillnotcomeoutthewinner.Swimmingwiththetideorcurrent,ismucheasier.Again,thismeansyouhavetakenaneasierpath.Alloftheseexpressionscanbeusedanotherway.Theycanalsomeanthatyouaregoingwithoragainstpopularopinionsorviewpoints.Ifyouareswimmingwiththetideorcurrentorswimmingdownstream,youactthesamewayasthemajorityofothers.Youaregoingwiththeflow.Thatisanothercommonexpression—togowiththeflow.Peoplewhogowiththeflowareeasy-going.Theytakethepopularpathwithoutprotest.8.Whatistheauthor?A.Host. B.Writer. C.Teacher. D.Linguist.9.Whydoestheauthorgiveanexampleinparagraph3?A.Toteachreadershowtodealwithbills.B.Todescribethefeelingof“swimupstream”.C.Toexplainthemeaningof“swimupstream”.D.Toshowthedifficultyofhandlingfinancialissues.10.WhichcanNOTdescribeamanwhoalwaysagreeswiththemajority?A.Swimupstream. B.Gowiththeflow.C.Swimdownstream. D.Swimwiththecurrent.11.Whatwillbediscussedinthefollowingparagraph?A.Importanceoftheword“swim”.B.Examplesoftheuseof“swim”indifferentoccasions.C.Errorspeoplemakewhileusingexpressionsabout“swim”.D.Explanationof“swimmingupstream/againstthetide(current)”.【答案】8.A9.C10.A11.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹“swim”相關英語表達，如順流、逆流等游泳相關表達及其在面對情況和表達觀點方面的含義。【8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第一段“Ontoday’sshow,wetalkaboutseveralEnglishexpressionsthatuse‘swim’todescribedifferentwaystofaceasituation—especiallydanger,difficulty,oranyhardship.(在今天的節目中，我們將談論幾個用‘swim’來描述面對情況——尤其是危險、困難或任何艱難困苦的不同方式的英語表達)”可知，“show”表明這是一個節目，所以作者很可能是主持人。故選A。【9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第三段“Asanexpression,swimmingupstreammeansyoutakeamoredifficultpathtodosomething.Youmakeitharderforyourself.Here’sanexample:Dealingwithmoneyisnotmystrongsuit.Infact,lastyearIwasdrowningindebt.Everymonthwhenbillsarrived,IfeltlikeIwasswimmingupstream.SoIwenttoafinancialadvisor.(作為一個表達，‘swimmingupstream’意味著你采取更困難的方式去做某事。你讓自己更艱難。這里有一個例子：處理金錢不是我的強項。事實上，去年我債臺高筑。每個月當賬單到來時，我感覺就像在逆流而上。所以我去咨詢了一位理財顧問)”可知，作者給出這個例子是為了解釋“swimupstream”這個表達的意思，即采取更困難的方式做事。故選C。【10題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段“theexpressiontoswimdownstreammeansusingtheeasywaytogetsomethingdone.(‘swimdownstream’這個表達意味著用簡單的方法完成某事)”，第四段“Swimmingwiththetideorcurrent,ismucheasier.Again,thismeansyouhavetakenaneasierpath.(順流或順潮游泳要容易得多。這再次意味著你選擇了一條更簡單的路徑)”，第五段“Ifyouareswimmingwiththetideorcurrentorswimmingdownstream,youactthesamewayasthemajorityofothers.Youaregoingwiththeflow.Thatisanothercommonexpression—togowiththeflow.(如果你順流或順潮游泳，或者是順流而下游泳，你的行為方式和大多數人一樣。你是隨波逐流。這是另一個常見的表達——隨波逐流)”可知，gowiththeflow、swimdownstream和swimwiththecurrent都可以表示和大多數人行為一樣，隨波逐流；而swimupstream意味著采取更困難的方式做事，和大多數人不一樣，不能描述總是同意大多數人的人。故選A。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了幾個用“swim”組成的表達，以及它們的含義，并且在介紹含義的時候舉了一些例子。根據文章的邏輯，接下來很可能會繼續給出“swim”在不同場合使用的例子，來進一步說明這些表達的用法。故選B。DA“superhero”mosscansignificantlyreducetheriskandseverityoffloodingforcommunitieslivingindownstreamareas,researchershavefound.ScientistsfromtheconservationgroupMoorsfortheFuturePartnershipwhoconductedasix-yearstudyintosphagnummoss(泥炭蘚)foundthatthesphagnummossplantedinuplandareasreducedpeakstreamflow—themaximumamountofwaterthatentersariverafterastorm—by65%.Themosswasalsofoundtoincreaselagtime—thetimetakenbetweenrainfallandtherainwaterenteringtheriversystem—by680%.Morethan50,000individualsphagnumplantswereplantedonKinderScout,thehighestpointinthePeakDistrictNationalPark,aspartofan“outdoorlaboratory”forresearcherstoobserve.BeforethemosswasplantedonKinder,thehillsurfaceconsistedofbarepeat,whichmeantthatafterastormrainwaterwouldwashstraightoff,leavingcommunitiesindownstreamvalleysmorevulnerable(易受攻擊的)toflooding.Theplantingofsphagnummosscouldthereforebringimportantecologicalbenefits.Theplantiscapableofabsorbingupto20timesitsownweightinwater,whichmeansthatmorerainwatercanbeheldupstreamandenterarivercatchment(流域)moregraduallytopreventitfrombeingflooded.Sphagnummosscanalsohelpprotectthelayers(層)ofpeatunderneathit,andcanbuildupovertimetocreatenewlayersofpeatwhichareessentialtocarbonstorage.Researcherssaythebenefitsofplantingsphagnummosswillbeintensifiedovertimeastheplantgrows,andthatmossplantinghasthepotentialtobringglobalbenefitsintermsoftheclimate,waterqualityandfloodseverity.TomSpencer,aresearchandmonitoringofficerfortheMoorsfortheFuturePartnership,saidtheresultswere“shocking”andapplaudedthedramaticeffectsthemosshashadontherivercatchment.Hesaidsphagnumplantingcouldbe“apowerfultoolinminimizingtheriskandseverityofflooding”,whichwouldhave“far-reachingbenefitsforrcommunitiesdownstream”.12.Howwastheresearchconducted?A.Byreferringtotheexistingdatabase.B.Byobservingthechangesintheupland.C.Bydoingexperimentsinreal-lifesituations.D.Bycomparingthelatestresearchwithpreviousones.13.WhichmayNOTbethebenefitbroughtbySphagnumMoss?A.Improvingthewaterquality.B.Indirectlyhelpingwithcarbonstorage.C.Stoppingrainwaterfromenteringtheriversystem.D.Reducingtheriskoffloodingfordownstreamareas.14.What’sTomSpencer’sattitudetowardsSphagnummoss?A.Critical. B.Unclear. C.Indifferent. D.Supportive.15.Whichisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.“Superhero”moss’far-reachingbenefitsB.Sphagnummoss’newly-foundadvantagesC.“Superhero”mosscansavecommunitiesfromfloodingD.Sphagnummosstogetherwithpeatisperfectforfloodprevention【答案】12.C13.C14.D15.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。研究發現泥炭蘚可顯著降低下游地區洪水風險，其在防洪及生態方面具有重要作用。【12題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第三段“Morethan50,000individualsphagnumplantswereplantedonKinderScout,thehighestpointinthePeakDistrictNationalPark,aspartofan‘outdoorlaboratory’forresearcherstoobserve.(超過5萬株單獨的泥炭蘚植物被種植在峰區國家公園的最高點金德斯科特，作為供研究人員觀察的‘戶外實驗室’的一部分)”可知，研究是通過在現實環境中種植泥炭蘚并進行觀察來開展的，也就是在現實生活情境中做實驗。故選C。【13題詳析】細節理解題。根據第五段“Theplantingofsphagnummosscouldthereforebringimportantecologicalbenefits.Theplantiscapableofabsorbingupto20timesitsownweightinwater,whichmeansthatmorerainwatercanbeheldupstreamandenterarivercatchment(流域)moregraduallytopreventitfrombeingflooded.Sphagnummosscanalsohelpprotectthelayers(層)ofpeatunderneathit,andcanbuildupovertimetocreatenewlayersofpeatwhichareessentialtocarbonstorage.(因此，泥炭蘚的種植可以帶來重要的生態效益。這種植物能夠吸收高達自身重量20倍的水分，這意味著更多的雨水可以被保留在上游，并更緩慢地進入河流流域，以防止洪水泛濫。泥炭蘚還可以幫助保護其下面的泥炭層，并且隨著時間的推移可以形成新的泥炭層，這對碳儲存至關重要)”以及第六段“Researcherssaythebenefitsofplantingsphagnummosswillbeintensifiedovertimeastheplantgrows,andthatmossplantinghasthepotentialtobringglobalbenefitsintermsoftheclimate,waterqualityandfloodseverity.(研究人員表示，隨著時間的推移，隨著泥炭蘚這種植物的生長，種植它所帶來的益處將會增強，并且種植泥炭蘚在氣候、水質和洪水嚴重程度方面具有為全球帶來益處的潛力)”可知，泥炭蘚可以減少下游地區洪水風險（D選項）、間接幫助碳儲存（B選項）、改善水質（A選項）。而C選項“阻止雨水進入河流系統”錯誤，文中說的是讓雨水更緩慢地進入河流流域，而不是阻止進入。故選C。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據最后一段“TomSpencer,aresearchandmonitoringofficerfortheMoorsfortheFuturePartnership,saidtheresultswere‘shocking’andapplaudedthedramaticeffectsthemosshashadontherivercatchment.Hesaidsphagnumplantingcouldbe‘apowerfultoolinminimizingtheriskandseverityofflooding’,whichwouldhave‘far-reachingbenefitsforcommunitiesdownstream’.(‘未來荒野’合作伙伴關系的研究和監測官員湯姆?斯賓塞表示，這些結果‘令人震驚’，并稱贊了這種苔蘚對河流流域產生的顯著影響。他說，種植泥炭蘚可能是‘將洪水風險和嚴重程度降至最低的有力工具’，這將‘對下游社區產生深遠的益處’)”可知，從他對結果的稱贊以及對苔蘚作用的肯定可以看出，他對泥炭蘚持支持的態度。故選D。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章開篇指出“A‘superhero’mosscansignificantlyreducetheriskandseverityoffloodingforcommunitieslivingindownstreamareas,researchershavefound.(研究人員發現，一種‘超級英雄’苔蘚可以顯著降低下游地區居民社區遭受洪水的風險和嚴重程度)”，接著具體介紹了對泥炭蘚的研究以及它在防洪等方面的作用。所以C選項“Superhero”mosscansavecommunitiesfromflooding(“超級英雄”苔蘚可以使社區免受洪水侵襲)準確地概括了文章主旨，突出了苔蘚在防洪方面的關鍵作用。故選C。第二節(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Manyconsumersareunawareoftheenvironmentalimpactoftheirshoppinghabits.Intoday’sconsumersociety,wetendtodiscarditemswithouthesitationwhentheybecomeoldorslightlydamaged.____16____.Theriseof“fastfashion”isaperfectexampleofthisthrow-awayculture.Clothingbrandsproducecheapgarmentsatanastonishingrate,encouragingconsumerstobuymoreanddiscardfrequently.____17____.Sadly,mostofthesediscardedclothesendupinlandfills,wheretheymaytakehundredsofyearstodecompose.Electronicwastepresentsanothermajorchallenge.Astechnologyadvancesatbreakneckspeed,peoplereplacetheirdevicesmorefrequentlythaneverbefore.____18____.Manycontaintoxicmaterialsthatcanpollutesoilandwaterifnotproperlydisposedof.____19____.Supermarketsdiscardimperfectproduce,whilehouseholdsthrowawayediblefooddaily.Researchshowsthataboutone-thirdofallfoodproducedgloballygoestowaste.Thisisparticularlytroublingwhenconsideringthatmillionsworldwidesufferfromhunger.However,solutionsareavailableifwearereadytochangeourconsumptionpatterns.____20____.Forexample,repairingitemsinsteadofreplacingthemcanextendtheirusability.Optingforqualityoverquantityensureswepossessdurableproductsthatstandthetestoftime.Additionally,properrecyclingiscrucialinreducingwaste.Everyminoractioncontributessignificantlytoconstructingamoresustainablefuture.A.Foodwasteisequallyconcerning.B.Theimpactoffoodshouldn’tbeignored.C.Makingconsciouschoicesisastepofgreatvalue.D.Thegovernmentshouldadoptstricterregulationsonthemanagement.E.Thisresultsinmountainsofoutdatedsmartphones,laptopsandothergadgets.F.Theaveragepersonnowbuys60%moreclothingitemscomparedto20yearsago.G.Thishabithasledtosevereenvironmentalresultsthatdemandourimmediateattention.【答案】16.G17.F18.E19.A20.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇議論文。消費社會中快時尚、電子垃圾、食物浪費等問題突出，改變消費模式、做出有意識選擇是解決之道。【16題詳析】根據上文“Manyconsumersareunawareoftheenvironmentalimpactoftheirshoppinghabits.Intoday’sconsumersociety,wetendtodiscarditemswithouthesitationwhentheybecomeoldorslightlydamaged.(許多消費者沒有意識到他們的購物習慣對環境的影響。在當今的消費社會中，當物品變老或稍有損壞時，我們往往會毫不猶豫地丟棄它們)”可知，這里在說消費者隨意丟棄物品的習慣。G選項Thishabithasledtosevereenvironmentalresultsthatdemandourimmediateattention.(這種習慣已經導致了嚴重的環境后果，需要我們立即關注)中的Thishabit指代上文提到的隨意丟棄物品的習慣，并且說明了這種習慣帶來的嚴重環境后果，起到了承接上文的作用。故選G。【17題詳析】根據上文“Theriseof‘fastfashion’isaperfectexampleofthisthrow-awayculture.Clothingbrandsproducecheapgarmentsatanastonishingrate,encouragingconsumerstobuymoreanddiscardfrequently.(‘快時尚’的興起是這種一次性文化的一個完美例子。服裝品牌以驚人的速度生產廉價服裝，鼓勵消費者多買并頻繁丟棄)”可知，這里在說快時尚背景下消費者的服裝消費情況。F選項Theaveragepersonnowbuys60%moreclothingitemscomparedto20yearsago.(與20年前相比，現在普通人購買的服裝數量多了60%)通過具體的數據進一步說明了在快時尚影響下消費者購買服裝數量的增加，與上文提到的“鼓勵消費者多買”相呼應，是對上文內容的進一步闡述。故選F。【18題詳析】根據上文“Electronicwastepresentsanothermajorchallenge.Astechnologyadvancesatbreakneckspeed,peoplereplacetheirdevicesmorefrequentlythaneverbefore.(電子垃圾帶來了另一個重大挑戰。隨著技術以極快的速度發展，人們更換設備的頻率比以往任何時候都高)”可知，這里在說人們更換電子設備頻繁導致電子垃圾的問題。E選項Thisresultsinmountainsofoutdatedsmartphones,laptopsandothergadgets.(這導致了堆積如山的過時智能手機、筆記本電腦和其他小工具)中的This指代上文提到的人們頻繁更換設備這一情況，mountainsofoutdatedsmartphones,laptopsandothergadgets具體說明了產生的電子垃圾的情況，承接上文說明了頻繁更換設備的后果。故選E。【19題詳析】根據下文“Supermarketsdiscardimperfectproduce,whilehouseholdsthrowawayediblefooddaily.Researchshowsthataboutone-thirdofallfoodproducedgloballygoestowaste.(超市丟棄不完美的農產品，而家庭每天都扔掉可食用的食物。研究表明，全球生產的所有食物中約有三分之一被浪費了)”可知，這里在說食物浪費的問題。A選項Foodwasteisequallyconcerning.(食物浪費同樣令人擔憂)能夠引出下文關于食物浪費的具體內容。故選A。【20題詳析】根據上文“However,solutionsareavailableifwearereadytochangeourconsumptionpatterns.(然而，如果我們準備好改變我們的消費模式，就有解決辦法)”以及下文“Forexample,repairingitemsinsteadofreplacingthemcanextendtheirusability.Optingforqualityoverquantityensureswepossessdurableproductsthatstandthetestoftime.(例如，修理物品而不是更換它們可以延長它們的可用性。選擇質量而不是數量可以確保我們擁有經得起時間考驗的耐用產品)”可知，這里在說改變消費模式的解決辦法。C選項Makingconsciouschoicesisastepofgreatvalue.(做出有意識的選擇是很有價值的一步。中的Makingconsciouschoices呼應上文的changeourconsumptionpatterns，并且下文的repairingitemsinsteadofreplacingthem、Optingforqualityoverquantity等都是Makingconsciouschoices的具體例子，起到了承上啟下的作用。故選C。第三部分語言運用(共兩節,滿分30分)第一節(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、Ｄ四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Max’s21stbirthdaywasapproaching,andhismotherAndreaexpectedtheusualrequestforacheckoraparty.Butthisyear,Maxsurprisedher,“Insteadofagiftforme,____21____anycheckyouwillgivemetohelpsomeoneinneed”.Touchedbyhisselflessness,Andreaplannedtoturnhisbirthdayintoacelebrationofkindness.ShepassedavideocameratoMax’sbrotherCharlie.Thenshetook21$10billsoutofher____22____accountandbought21applesatthesupermarket.Whenthey____23____aman,whowas____24____,Andreatoldhim,“TodayismysonMax’s21stbirthday,andheaskedmetogiveagifttosomeonetohelphim____25____.”She____26____themana$10billandanapple.Themansmiledintothecameraand____27____,“Happybirthday,Max!”Soon,they____28____theirgiftstomenandwomenwaitingin____29____atasoupkitchen.Inaunifiedchorus,theywishedMax,“Happybirthday!”Atapizzaparlour,Andrea____30____$50andtoldtheownerstofeedthe____31____.“Happybirthday,Max!”theysaidsincerely.Withthe____32____$10billandapple,theyknockedattheirneighbour’sdoor.Anelderlyladylivedalone,andunableto____33____herlaughterorhertears,shefacedthecamera____34____,“Happybirthday,Max!”Thatevening,Maxwatchedthe____35____ofstrangerscelebratinghisbirthdayandvowedtomakebirthdaysatimenotjusttoreceive,buttogive.21.A.promote B.serve C.donate D.accept22.A.home B.campus C.kitchen D.bank23.A.spotted B.recognized C.sheltered D.witnessed24.A.mean B.cautious C.homeless D.generous25.A.count B.celebrate C.survive D.congratulate26.A.headed B.transferred C.handed D.delivered27.A.assured B.sighed C.announced D.wrote28.A.gaveaway B.getacross C.handedin D.brokedown29.A.style B.shape C.vain D.line30.A.fetched B.left C.combined D.took31.A.nervous B.disappointed C.curious D.hungry32.A.limitless B.casual C.common D.remaining33.A.contain B.judge C.explain D.interrupt34.A.definitely B.eventually C.incredibly D.remotely35.A.video B.website C.diary D.blog【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.C25.B26.C27.C28.A29.D30.B31.D32.D33.A34.B35.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。Max21歲生日臨近，他沒像往常一樣要支票或辦派對，而是讓媽媽把錢捐贈給有需要的人。媽媽深受感動，取現買蘋果后和孩子們給無家可歸的人、救濟站排隊的人送錢和蘋果，在披薩店留錢給饑餓的人，還拜訪獨居老婦。當晚Max看了記錄視頻，決心讓生日不僅是收獲，更是給予的時刻。【21題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是今年，麥克斯給了她一個驚喜，“你沒有給我禮物，而是把你給我的任何支票都捐出來幫助需要幫助的人。”A.promote促進；B.serve服務；C.donate捐贈；D.accept接受。根據后文“anycheckyouwillgivemetohelpsomeoneinneed”可知，此處指把支票捐贈出來幫助他人。故選C。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后她從銀行賬戶里取出21張10美元的鈔票，在超市買了21個蘋果。A.home家；B.campus校園；C.kitchen廚房；D.bank銀行。根據上文“Thenshetook21$10billsoutofher”可知，此處指去銀行賬戶里取錢出來。故選D。【23題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當他們看到一個無家可歸的男人時，Andrea告訴他：“今天是我兒子麥克斯的21歲生日，他讓我送一個禮物給別人來幫他慶祝。”A.spotted看到；B.recognized認可；C.sheltered庇護；D.witnessed目擊。根據后文“aman”可知，此處指看到一個男人。故選A。【24題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當他們看到一個無家可歸的男人時，Andrea告訴他：“今天是我兒子麥克斯的21歲生日，他讓我送一個禮物給別人來幫他慶祝。”A.mean刻薄的；B.cautious謹慎的；C.homeless無家可歸的；D.generous慷慨的。根據上文“helpsomeoneinneed”可知，要幫助需要幫助的人，所以最有可能是無家可歸的男人。故選C。【25題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當他們看到一個無家可歸的男人時，Andrea告訴他：“今天是我兒子麥克斯的21歲生日，他讓我送一個禮物給別人來幫他慶祝。”A.count計算；B.celebrate慶祝；C.survive幸存；D.congratulate祝賀。根據上文“TodayismysonMax’s21stbirthday,andheaskedmetogiveagifttosomeonetohelphim”可知，麥克斯讓媽媽送禮物給別人來一起慶祝他的生日。故選B。【26題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她遞給那個人一張10美元的鈔票和一個蘋果。A.headed前往；B.transferred轉移；C.handed遞給；D.delivered遞送。根據后文“themana$10billandanapple”可知，此處指遞給那個人鈔票和蘋果。故選C。【27題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那個男人微笑著對著鏡頭宣布：“生日快樂，麥克斯！”A.assured使確信；B.sighed嘆息；C.announced宣布；D.wrote寫。根據后文“Happybirthday,Max!”可知，得到幫助的男人微笑著對著鏡頭宣布：“生日快樂，麥克斯！”故選C。【28題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：很快，他們把禮物分發給了在施粥所排隊等候的男男女女。A.gaveaway贈送；B.getacross使理解；C.handedin提交；D.brokedown出故障。根據上文“helpsomeoneinneed”以及后文“theirgiftstomenandwomen”可知，此處指把禮物送給他人。故選A。【29題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：很快，他們把禮物分發給了在施粥所排隊等候的男男女女。A.style風格；B.shape形狀；C.vain徒勞；D.line隊伍。根據上文“theirgiftstomenan