必修

第一冊(cè)UNIT4

NATURALDISASTERS(本欄目對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生用書P34)目錄1每日早晚必背2課前語(yǔ)基夯實(shí)3考點(diǎn)多維突破4能力優(yōu)化集訓(xùn)5課時(shí)作業(yè)★每日早晚必背假定你是校英語(yǔ)報(bào)記者李華，今天你校開展了地震應(yīng)急疏散演練活動(dòng)，請(qǐng)你就此次活動(dòng)寫一篇新聞報(bào)道，內(nèi)容包括：

1.活動(dòng)目的；2.活動(dòng)過(guò)程；3.你的感受。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。【佳文背誦】

Tomakeusstudentsknowabouthowtoprotectourselvesduringanearthquake，ourschoolorganisedanearthquakeemergencyevacuation

drilltoday.

Beforethedrillstarted，ourteachersgaveussomebasicandusefulinstructionsonwhattododuringanearthquake.Whenthealarmrang，studentslefttheteachingbuildingin

order.Withinaminute，allofthestudentsgatheredintheplayground，forwhichwewerepraisedbyourheadmaster. Thisdrillisreallymeaningfulandhelpful，fromwhichwehavelearntsomerelated

skillsindealing

withemergenciesinanearthquake.【詞匯積累】evacuationdrill疏散演練instructionn.說(shuō)明；解釋inorder有序地meaningfuladj.有意義的relatedskills相關(guān)技能dealwith處理；應(yīng)付【句式仿寫】1.當(dāng)他們到達(dá)那里時(shí)，起初并不知道該做什么。（“特殊疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”作賓語(yǔ)）Whentheyarrivedthere，theydidn’tknow

atfirst.

2.昨天所有的學(xué)生都沒(méi)有按時(shí)完成作業(yè)，因此他們受到了老師的批評(píng)。（非限制性定語(yǔ)從句）Yesterdayallthestudentsdidn’tfinishtheirhomeworkontime，________

bytheirteachers.whattodoforwhichtheywerecriticised?高頻重點(diǎn)詞匯◎核心詞匯

會(huì)運(yùn)用1.

n.&

vt.營(yíng)救；救援

2.

vt.損害；破壞n.損壞；損失

3.

vt.摧毀；毀滅

4.

n.避難處；居所；庇護(hù)

vt.保護(hù)；掩蔽vi.躲避（風(fēng)雨或危險(xiǎn)）★課前語(yǔ)基夯實(shí)rescuedamagedestroyshelter5.

vt.使落入險(xiǎn)境；使陷入圈套

n.險(xiǎn)境；陷阱6.

n.援助；幫助；救援物資

vi.&

vt.幫助；援助7.

vt.&

vi.碰撞；撞擊

n.撞車；碰撞8.

vt.&

vi.打掃；清掃

trapaidcrashsweep9.

n.海浪；波浪

vi.&

vt.揮手；招手10.

adj.鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的

vt.使平靜；使鎮(zhèn)靜11.

n.洪水；大量

vi.淹沒(méi)；大量涌入vt.使灌滿水；淹沒(méi)12.

n.努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力

wavecalmfloodeffort13.

n.突發(fā)事件；緊急情況

14.

n.智慧；才智

15.

vi.吹口哨；發(fā)出笛聲

vt.吹口哨n.哨子（聲）；呼嘯聲16.

n.&

vt.破壞；毀壞

17.

n.供應(yīng)（量）；補(bǔ)給；［pl.］補(bǔ)給品

vt.供應(yīng)；供給emergencywisdomwhistleruinsupply18.

vi.&

vt.侵襲；突擊；擊打

n.罷工；罷課；襲擊19.

vt.埋葬；安葬

strikebury【語(yǔ)境活用】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子1.Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthe

（破壞）itcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.

2.Manyhomelessaresleepingintheopenbecausetheyhaveno__________

（居所）.

3.Theacidtestofagooddriveriswhetherheorsheremains

（鎮(zhèn)靜的）inanemergency.

damagesheltercalm4.Alargenumberofchurchesfellinto

（毀壞）aftertheearthquake.

5.MinutesafterthelastmovieendedyesterdayatthePlazaTheatre，employeeswerebusy

（清掃）uppopcornandgatheringcokecups.

6.Anearthquakeislikelyto

（襲擊）theareainaweekortwo.

7.Hegaveeffecttohisdeadbrother’swishesbyhavinghim

（埋葬）properly.

ruinsweepingstrickburied◎拓展詞匯

能提升1.

n.死；死亡→

v.死亡→

adj.死亡的；已逝去的

2.

n.震驚；令人震驚的事；休克vt.（使）震驚→

adj.令人震驚的；駭人的→

adj.（感到）震驚的

3.

n.電；電能→

adj.電的；與電有關(guān)的→

adj.用電的；電動(dòng)的；帶電的

4.

n.總結(jié)；概括；概要→

n.金額；總數(shù)v.概括；總結(jié)→

v.總結(jié)；概述

deathdiedeadshockshockingshockedelectricityelectricalelectricsummarysumsummarise5.

vi.&

vt.統(tǒng)一；（使）成一體→

v.使……混合；使……聯(lián)合；使……團(tuán)結(jié)→

adj.一致的；統(tǒng)一的；團(tuán)結(jié)的

6.

vi.&

vt.呼吸→

n.呼吸；氣息→

adj.氣喘吁吁的；喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)的

7.

vt.遭受；蒙受vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等）受苦→

n.痛苦；苦難→

n.苦難者；患病者

8.

vi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艱難度過(guò)→

n.生存；幸存；幸存事物→

n.生還者；幸存者

unifyuniteunitedbreathebreathbreathlesssuffersufferingsufferersurvivesurvivalsurvivor9.

n.電力供應(yīng)；能量；力量；控制力→

adj.強(qiáng)有力的；強(qiáng)大的→

adv.強(qiáng)烈地；有效地

10.

vt.&

vi.遞送；傳達(dá)vt.發(fā)表→

n.傳遞；交付；遞送

11.

n.影響；結(jié)果；效果→

adj.有效的；生效的

12.

n.長(zhǎng)；長(zhǎng)度→

v.加長(zhǎng)；延長(zhǎng)→

adj.長(zhǎng)的；冗長(zhǎng)的

powerpowerfulpowerfullydeliverdeliveryeffecteffectivelengthlengthenlong【語(yǔ)境活用】使用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.It

（shock）youwhensomethinglikethathappens.

2.Afewdayslater，themachinewas

（deliver）toMrsMeredith’sdoorstep.

3.Hisillnessisaresultof

（breathe）inpaintfumesovermanyyears.

4.Thetowniswithout

（electric）sothewatersupplyhasbeencutoff.

shocksdeliveredbreathingelectricity5.Thenewrulewillbecome

（effect）inthenextfewdays.

6.Onlytwopassengers

fromtheaircrash.Whenthetwo________

wereinterviewed，theysaidtheir

wasawonder.（survive）

7.Theroadhasatotal

oftwomilesonly，sotheworkersdecideto

it.（long）

8.Theoldmanwentthroughalotof

intheolddays.What’sworse，he

fromaheartattackwhenhewasinhiseighties.（suffer）

effectivesurvivedsurvivorssurvivallengthlengthensufferingsuffered?高頻短語(yǔ)串記※單元短語(yǔ)再現(xiàn)【語(yǔ)境活用】選用所給短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Afteraterribleearthquake，allthehousesandbuildingsbecame

.

2.Lifeislikeaplaywhichmust

withoutrehearsalsandthereplay，alsocan’tgobacktosee.

inshock；inruins；sweepaway；onhand；asif；putup；getbackuponone’sfeet；cometoanendinruins

cometoanend3.Thebuffalothentriedtoliftitselfupwithgreatdifficulty，andaftersometimemanagedto

.

4.MothertoldTomto

thedeadleavesintheyard，buthetriedtobegoff.

5.Theemergencyserviceswere

withmedicaladvice.6.Hetalkedofothercultures

theyweremorefamiliartohimthanhisown.

getbackuponitsfeetsweepawayonhandasif

7.InthemorningIhelpedhim

someshelvesinhisbedroom.

8.Foramoment，neitherofusmoved.Wewerestill

.

putupinshock?重點(diǎn)句型仿寫1.too…to…結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“太……而不能……”Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat，anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.雞甚至豬都緊張得不敢吃東西，狗也拒絕進(jìn)入建筑物內(nèi)。［仿寫］I

（我太緊張了而不能注意到）himwhenheintroducedhimself！

wastoonervoustonotice2.It

seems/seemed

as

if…看起來(lái)好像……Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend！

仿佛世界末日即將來(lái)臨！［仿寫］

（好像）theteacherhadknownwhatwehaddone.

Itseemedasif3.主語(yǔ)+be+adj.+不定式Water，food，andelectricitywerehardtoget.

水、食物和電都難以獲得。［仿寫］He

（很高興見到）hisoldfriendagain.

ishappytosee4.be

doing…when…正在做……這時(shí)（突然）……Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.

當(dāng)我和我的三個(gè)孩子正在吃早飯時(shí)，突然海水開始灌入屋內(nèi)。［仿寫］YesterdayI

（在街上走）whenIcameacrossoneofmyformerteachers.

waswalkinginthestreet?詞匯精磨1.rescue

n.&

vt.

營(yíng)救；救援【探究歸納】★考點(diǎn)多維突破【典例示范】Everytypeofboatwaspressedintoservicetorescuepassengersfromthesinkingferry.為了營(yíng)救下沉渡輪上的旅客，各類船只都被臨時(shí)征用了。【即學(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子（1）Luckilythisyoungmanhadtwobeautifulgirls，whorescuedhim

unpleasantsituation.

from（2）Twochildrenwere

（rescue）fromtheburningcar.

（3）Manyparentscouldn’tholdbacktheirtearswhena

（rescue）carriedateenagegirloutoftheruins.

（4）那個(gè)女孩的尖叫引來(lái)了一位路人前去營(yíng)救。Thegirl’sscreamsalertedapasser-bywho

.

rescuedrescuerwenttoherrescue2.affect

vt.影響；（疾病）侵襲；深深打動(dòng)【探究歸納】【典例示范】AIwillaffectusall，andifyouonlyreadonebookonthesubject，thisisit.人工智能將影響我們所有人，如果你只讀一本關(guān)于這個(gè)主題的書，那就是這本書。【即學(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空/同義句轉(zhuǎn)換（1）

（affect）withaseriousdisease，hewasnolongerabletospeakclearly.

（2）Ifeelmuch

（affect）formymom，whosewordsandactionshaveapositiveeffectonme.

Affected

affection（3）Manyyoungpeopleweredeeplyaffectedbyhisstoryandbegantodovolunteerworkforthedisabled.→

hisstory，manyyoungpeoplebegantodovolunteerworkforthedisabled.（動(dòng)詞的-ed形式短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)）

Deeplyaffectedby3.shelter

n.

避難處；居所；庇護(hù)

vt.

保護(hù)；掩蔽vi.

躲避（風(fēng)雨或危險(xiǎn)）

【探究歸納】【典例示范】Forinstance，almostallanimalshavedistinctvocalsthattheyrelyontoeitheraskforhelp，scareawayanydangerousanimalsorlookforshelter.例如，幾乎所有的動(dòng)物都有獨(dú)特的聲音，它們依靠這些聲音來(lái)尋求幫助，嚇跑任何危險(xiǎn)的動(dòng)物或?qū)ふ冶幼o(hù)。【即學(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子（1）

theshelterofatent，acrowdwasgatheredforabrunch.

（2）Weplantedmanytreestoshelterthehouses

thewind.

（3）昨晚我在公交候車亭躲雨。I

underabusshelterfromtherainlastnight.

（4）我們都知道這個(gè)教堂在冬天的夜晚給人們提供庇護(hù)。Weallknewthatthechurch

peopleonwinternights.

Underfromtook/soughtsheltergaveshelterto4.bury

vt.

埋葬；安葬【探究歸納】【典例示范】Theoldpoorwomanwas

buried

ingriefafterhersondied.這個(gè)可憐的老婦人在兒子死后一直沉浸在悲痛之中。【即學(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空/同義句轉(zhuǎn)換（1）Thegirlwassittingonthebenchinthepark，

（bury）herheadinabookinherhands.

burying（2）Hestoodonthesidewalkwithhishands

（bury）inthepocketsofhisdarkovercoat.

（3）Becauseheburiedhimselfinhisbook，hedidn’tnoticethatalltheothershadleft.→

hisbook，hedidn’tnoticethatalltheothershadleft.（動(dòng)詞的-ing形式短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)）

→

hisbook，hedidn’tnoticethatalltheothershadleft.（動(dòng)詞的-ed形式短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)）

buriedBuryinghimselfinBuriedin5.shock

n.震驚；令人震驚的事；休克vt.

（使）震驚【探究歸納】【典例示范】Thesurpriseattackcameasa

great

shock

tothewholenation.這次突然襲擊使全國(guó)人大感震驚。【即學(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空/同義句轉(zhuǎn)換（1）Afterthe

newsspreadthroughoutthewholecity，everyonefelt

.（shock）

（2）Tomwasshocked

（realise）thathehadlefthiskeyinthetaxi.

（3）Itshockedmetoseehowmyneighbourstreatedtheirchildren.→

tometoseehowmyneighbourstreatedtheirchildren.

shockingshockedtorealiseItwasashock6.trap

vt.使落入險(xiǎn)境；使陷入圈套n.

險(xiǎn)境；陷阱【探究歸納】【典例示范】Abigfireblockedthestairs，leavingdozensofpeopletrappedonthetopofthebuilding.一場(chǎng)大火封住了樓梯，使得幾十個(gè)人困在樓頂。【即學(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空/同義句轉(zhuǎn)換（1）Worriedthatsomeonemightbe

（trap）intheshop，hetookacloserlook.

（2）Shehadbeentrappedinto

（say）somethingshedidnotmean.

（3）Hewastrappedinatrafficjam，sohehadtobepatient，waiting.→

，hehadtobepatient，waiting.（動(dòng)詞的-ed形式短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)）

trappedsayingTrappedinatrafficjam7.effort

n.努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力【探究歸納】【典例示范】Pennytendedtoworkthroughherlunchhourin

an

effort

tokeepupwithherwork.為了努力跟上工作進(jìn)度，彭妮往往午飯時(shí)間也在工作。【即學(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子（1）Themanagercannotaccomplish

hiseffortsthatalone.

（2）Inaneffort

（recover）mymissingwallet，Ihavenothingtodobutturntoyouforhelp.

（3）有賴于每位客戶的支持，我們將全力以赴，做到最好！Withthegreatsupportfromeachcustomer，wewill

theworking.

through/bytorecoversparenoeffortin8.ruin

n.&

vt.破壞；毀壞【探究歸納】【典例示范】Thewholecitylayin

ruinsaftertheearthquake，whichmadeuslyingawakeallnight.地震之后整個(gè)城市成了一片廢墟，這讓我們躺著徹夜未眠。【即學(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子（1）Theseimageswouldn’tget

（ruin）bywater.

（2）WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythenextday，theyfoundtheirneighbourhoodin

（ruin）.

（3）在一些地方，用來(lái)幫助農(nóng)民的道路完全毀壞了。Insomeplaces，roadsbuilttohelpfarmers

.

ruinedruinsfellinto/cametoruin?句型透視（教材P50）It

seemed

as

iftheworldwerecomingtoanend！

仿佛世界末日即將來(lái)臨！【句式提煉】Itseems/seemedasif意為“看起來(lái)好像”，asif/though意為“好像；似乎；仿佛”，后面加句子，往往采用虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式。【歸納拓展】語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象asif/though引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)（1）asif引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句表示的情況是真實(shí)的或極有可能發(fā)生的，從句要用陳述語(yǔ)氣；（2）當(dāng)說(shuō)話人所陳述的是不真實(shí)的情況時(shí)，表語(yǔ)從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)（1）如果與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，從句的謂語(yǔ)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，be動(dòng)詞用were；（2）如果與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，從句的謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，即“had+動(dòng)詞的-ed形式”；（3）如果與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反，從句的謂語(yǔ)要用“would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形”【典例示范】Ididn’tfeelas

thoughIneededtokeepupwithanybodyelse.我覺得自己沒(méi)有必要去追隨別人。（陳述語(yǔ)氣）Ialwaysread，usingdifferentvoices，

as

thoughIwereactingoutthestorieswithmyvoice.我總是用不同的聲音閱讀，就好像我在用我的聲音表演故事。（與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反）【即學(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子（1）Itseemsasiftheshoes

（be）madetoherownmeasure.

（2）Localresidentssaiditwasasifthere

（be）anuclearexplosion.

（3）這美景讓你仿佛置身于仙境。Thesceneryissofantasticthat

youwereinafairyland.

werehadbeenitseemsasifⅠ.語(yǔ)境辨義根據(jù)語(yǔ)境寫出黑體詞的詞性及含義1.Powerisfedintotheelectricitylinethroughanundergroundcable.

2.Icatchhimupagainafewmilesdowntheroad，wheretherestoftheworkersareshelteringinaprefab（板房）fromthewind.

3.Ididsomedamagetothedesk，andtheschoolmademepayforthedamage.

★能力優(yōu)化集訓(xùn)n.電力v.躲避n.損失4.Becauseoftherainstorm，largenumbersofimmigrantsfloodedintothearea.

5.Aprofessordeliveredalongspeech，whichattractedallofusdeeply.

6.Theraincompletelyruinedmypainting，whichmademeveryupset.

v.大量涌入v.發(fā)表v.毀壞Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Hemadeagreatefforttosavethelittlegirl

（trap）intheburninghouse.

2.

（bury）inreadingthelegendofamasterinbasketball，hedidn’tmakeittoschoolontime.

3.Toomanyspeciesofsalmonarecompetingfor

（survive）inoneriver.

4.It

（strike）methatIwascheatingmyselfbypretendingtounderstandwhatIdidn’t.

trappedBuriedsurvivalstruck5.Peoplewere

toseethatthelittlegirlwasadmittedtotheuniversity.The

news

allthepeoplearound.（shock）

6.The

manhasmuch

andcanhandlevariousmatters

.（wisdom）

7.Therecent

treatmentshaveagreat

ontherecoveryofthepatientsaffectedwiththisdisease.（effect）

8.The

diseasehasaffectedmanypeopleandhascausedatleast30

uptonow.（death）

shockedshockingshockedwisewisdomwiselyeffectiveeffectdeadlydeaths9.Whenyouwritea

ofanarticle，

themainideaofeachpartisthefirststep.（summary）

10.Whenan

incident

，youcanimmediatelycallthe

number.（emergency）

summarysummarizingemergentemergesemergencyⅢ.選詞填空用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文，并背誦該短文。（黑體詞匯為本單元詞匯）intheopenair；crashinto；asif；inruins；oneafteranother；sweepaway；insummary；inshock；cometoanend；beinshortsupply Disasterssuchastornadoes，droughts，floods，landslides，volcanic

eruptions，typhoons，hurricanesandearthquakeshavecome1.

，causinggreatdamagetomanycountries.2.

，theearthquakehastheworsteffects.The1976Tangshanearthquakecausedmorethan240，000deaths.90percentofhomeslay3.

andpeoplesufferedalot.Food，waterandelectricity

4.

.Everywheretheshockedsurvivorssawdestroyed

bricks，deepcracksinvillagewellsanduselessmetals

5..

oneafteranotherInsummaryinruinswereinshortsupplyasiftheworldwere6.

.Rescueteamswhowere7.

dugoutthetrapped，buriedthedead，andbuiltshelters

8.

.Withunified

effortsandwisdomofallpeople，thecityreviveditselfandbegantobreatheagain.Earthquakesundertheseacanalsocausetsunamis.ThetsunamithatstruckAsiain20049..

coastlines.Hugewaves

10.

manypeople.Foreigncountriesaidedtheseareasbydeliveringfoodandsuppliesbyhelicopters.

comingtoanendinshockintheopenaircrashedintosweptawayⅣ.微寫作根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示并運(yùn)用本單元的詞匯和語(yǔ)法寫一段話一天晚上，一切都開始搖晃，水管爆裂，房子里的磚塊掉落。所有的人都感到震驚。無(wú)論我們走到哪里，發(fā)現(xiàn)一切都成了廢墟。好像世界到了盡頭！一些人受傷；一些人被埋在廢墟中。來(lái)自全國(guó)各地的戰(zhàn)士們立即趕來(lái)救援，救出了那些被困在廢墟下的人并埋葬了死者。此外，政府還組織了許多救援隊(duì)伍，運(yùn)送各種物資，不遺余力地為幸存者提供即時(shí)援助。【答案】Onepossibleversion：Onenight，everythingbegantoshake，

withthepipescrackingandthebricksfallingdownthehouses.Allthepeoplefeltshocked.Nomatterwherewewent，wefoundeverythinglayinruins.Itseemedasiftheworldwereatanend！Somepeoplewereinjured；somewereburiedintheruins.Thesoldierswhowerefromallpartsofourcountrycametotherescuerightaway，savedthosewhoweretrappedundertheruins，andburiedthedead.Besides，manyotherrescueteamswereorganisedbythegovernmenttodelivervarioussupplies，

sparingnoefforttoofferinstantaidtothesurvivors.（本欄目對(duì)應(yīng)課時(shí)作業(yè)P523）Ⅰ.閱讀理解AAstheclimatecrisisspeedsup，Europeiswarmingfasterthananyotherregion，accordingtoanewState

of

the

Climate

in

EuropereportfromtheWorldMeteorologicalOrganisation. TheWMOreportcomesaheadoftheUN’sinternationalclimatesummitinEgypt，andisoneinaseriesofreportsoverthepastseveralweeksthatshowhowtheworldisoff-trackonitsclimategoals.Notonlyarecountriesmissingthemarkontheireffortstoreduceplanet-warmingfossilfuelemissions（排放物），butmanymeasurementsshowtemperaturesarealreadyskyrocketing. Somecontinentsarefeelingthatrisemorethanothers.Wednesday’sreportshowstemperaturesinEuropehaveincreasedatmorethantwicetheglobalaverageoverthepast30years—atarateofabout0.5degreesCelsiusperdecade. Recentreportsshowhowtheregion’stemperatureriseisfuelingextremeweather.

Year-to-datethroughJuly，thenumberofwildfiresintheEUwasfourtimesthe15-yearaverage.Adeadly，record-breakingheatwaveintheUKharmedpublichealthandbentinfrastructures（基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）.Exceptionaldroughttroubledthecontinentthissummer，dryingupsomeoftheworld’smosteconomicallyimportantrivers.AndthatdroughtcameontheheelsofsomeofthemostdestructivefloodsEuropehaseverseen. “Europepresentsalivepictureofawarmingworldandremindsusthatevenwell-preparedsocietiesarenotsafefromimpactsofextremeweatherevents，”saidWMOSecretary-generalPetteriTaalasinaforewordtothereport.

“Europeansocietyisvulnerable（易受傷害的）toclimatevariabilityandchange，butEuropeisalsoattheforefrontoftheinternationalefforttoaddressclimatechangeandtodevelopinnovativesolutionstoadapttothenewclimateEuropeanswillhavetolivewith，”CarloBuontempo，directoroftheCopernicusClimateChangeService，saidinastatement.

TaalassaidinhisforewordthatalthoughEurope’spaceoncuttingplanet-warmingemissionshasbeen“good”，theirambitiononthisfront“shouldbefurtherincreased”.1.Whatcanwelearnabouttheworld’sclimategoalsfromtheWMOreport？A.Theyareunrealistic.B.Theyareeasytoreach.C.Theyaretakenseriously.D.Theyarefarfrombeingachieved.√1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“…theworldisoff-trackonitsclimategoals.”可知，根據(jù)世界氣象組織的這份報(bào)告，世界氣候目標(biāo)遠(yuǎn)未達(dá)成。故選D項(xiàng)。2.WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout？A.TheeconomiclossesinEurope.B.ThecausesoftheclimatecrisisinEurope.C.TheincreaseofextremeweatherinEurope.D.ThemostdestructivenaturaldisasterinEurope.√2.段落大意題。通讀第五段內(nèi)容可知，這里主要講述了歐洲極端天氣的增加。故選C項(xiàng)。3.WhatisBuontempo’sattitudetowardEurope’sefforttofightclimatechange？A.Doubtful. B.Favourable.C.Unclear. D.Intolerant.√3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中CarloBuontempo所說(shuō)的“…butEuropeisalsoattheforefront…livewith”可推知，Buontempo對(duì)于歐洲應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的努力持支持態(tài)度。故選B項(xiàng)。4.WhatshouldEuropedotofurthercutemissionsaccordingtoTaalas？A.Takethelead.B.Setahighergoal.C.Makebetterpreparations.D.Carryontheirgoodwork.√4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“theirambitiononthisfront‘shouldbefurtherincreased’.”可推知，Taalas認(rèn)為歐洲在減少溫室氣體排放方面應(yīng)該設(shè)置一個(gè)更高的目標(biāo)。故選B項(xiàng)。【答案】【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。根據(jù)世界氣象組織最新發(fā)布的《歐洲氣候狀況》報(bào)告，隨著氣候危機(jī)加劇，歐洲變暖的速度比其他任何地區(qū)都快。BBethBookerofFlorida，turnedtoTwitterforhelplastweekafterseeingtheimagesofher78-year-oldgrandmother’shomeinFortMyersBeach，F(xiàn)loridabeinginwater.InthedaysbeforeHurricaneIanstruckhergrandmother’scommunity，Bethandherhusbandhelpedhergranny，

CaroleMcDanel，prepareherselfandherhomeforit.

Hergrannywantedtostaywhereshehadbeenlivingformorethantwodecades.ShefeltsafetostaybecauseIanwasheadingnorthforanothercityandthehousehadsurvivedquiteafewmajorhurricanesinhistory.Inaddition，thehomecontainedpricelessfamilymemoriesandheirlooms（傳家寶），amongwhichwerephotosofBooker’sdad，whopassedawaywhenshewasonlyfiveyearsold.Afterherdad’sdeath，Bookerhadtolivewithhergrandmother，McDanel. Oncethestormstruck，Bookerreceivedupdatesfromhergranny，whosharedphotosandvideosshowingfloodstartedtofillthehome.Inherlastphonecallwithgranny，Bookertoldhergrannytoclimbontheroofifthefloodwaterscontinuedtoclimb.Unabletocommunicatewithhergrannyanylonger，BookerturnedtoTwitterforhelpwitheverythingfromsearchingforhergrannytocontactinglocalemergencyofficials. TheFortMyersareawasleftdevastatedWednesdayafterHurricaneIan.OnThursday，asrescuecrewscameovertosearchforsurvivors，Booker’shusbandandfriendbegantheirownsearchforhergrannybyboat.Justafewhourslater，at4p.m.onThursday，Bookertweetedthenewsthatherhusbandandfriendfoundgrannysittingonherownsofa，whereshewasabletoremainsafeduringthestorm. McDanelandBooker，whodeclinedtobeinterviewed，saidinastatementthattheyfeltgratefulforthesupporttheyhadreceivedandthattheyarecallingfortheworldtocontinuethesameenergyandloveintorecoveryandreliefeffortsfortheircommunity.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“devastated”meaninParagraph4？A.Disturbed.

B.Rebuilt.C.Destroyed. D.Attacked.√5.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段畫線詞下文“OnThursday，asrescuecrewscameovertosearchforsurvivors…”可知，救援人員來(lái)搜尋幸存者。由此推知，邁爾斯堡地區(qū)在颶風(fēng)后遭到破壞。畫線詞devastated意為“毀壞；破壞”，與destroyed意義一致。故選C項(xiàng)。6.WherewasCaroleMcDanelfound？A.Inherhome.B.Inaverysmallboat.C.Inanemergencyoffice.D.Amongthefloodvictims.√6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“herhusbandandfriendfoundgrannysittingonherownsofa”可推知，CaroleMcDanel是在自己的家里被發(fā)現(xiàn)的。故選A項(xiàng)。7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBooker？A.Powerful. B.Responsible.C.Hard-working. D.Humorous.√7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“BethBookerofFlorida，turnedtoTwitterforhelp…beinginwater.”和第三段中的“Unabletocommunicatewithhergrannyanylonger…tocontactinglocalemergencyofficials.”以及最后一段中的“theyarecallingfortheworldtocontinuethesameenergyandloveintorecoveryandreliefeffortsfortheircommunity”可推知，Booker是一個(gè)很有責(zé)任心的人。故選B項(xiàng)。8.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext？A.Naturaldisastershadeverstrucktheearthfrequently.B.Bookerhadagoodrelationshipwithhergrandmotheraswell.C.BookerknewnothingaboutHurricaneIanaheadoftime.D.Socialmediaplayaverygreatroleinpeople’sdailylife.√8.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Afterherdad’sdeath，Bookerhadtolivewithhergrandmother”可推知，Booker從小與祖母相依為命，所以Booker與祖母的關(guān)系很好。故選B項(xiàng)。【答案】【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了佛羅里達(dá)州的Beth

Booker的祖母Carole

McDanel因留戀家庭記憶而在風(fēng)暴來(lái)襲的時(shí)候選擇留在家里，救援人員為她提供了幫助和支持。Carole

McDanel和Beth

Booker拒絕接受采訪。他們?cè)谝环萋暶髦斜硎荆麄兏屑ぷ约旱玫降闹С郑⒑粲跞澜缋^續(xù)以同樣的精力和愛心為他們的社區(qū)進(jìn)行恢復(fù)和救援。Ⅱ.七選五閱讀Asmartphonecanbealifelineinanaturaldisaster.

1

Unfortunately，manydisasterslikewildfires，floods，earthquakesandhurricanestakeawaytheexactthingsphonesrelyontodothatwork：electricityandcellservices.Herearesomeofthebestwaysyoucangetyourphoneinthebestshapetohelpyou.

D1.上文“Asmartphonecanbealifelineinanaturaldisaster.”提到智能手機(jī)在自然災(zāi)害中可能成為生命線。下文“Unfortunately，manydisasters…electricityandcellservices.”提到許多自然災(zāi)害會(huì)奪走手機(jī)正常工作所依賴的電力和蜂窩服務(wù)。D項(xiàng)“它可以讓你立即連接到援助和實(shí)時(shí)資源。”承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。 Assumeyourelectricitycangooutatanytimeandplanaccordingly.

2

Ifpossible，leavethempluggedinuntilthelastminute.Alsochargeanybackupbatteriesandlaptops，thenmakesureallchargingcordsarecollectedinoneplacetotakewithyou.Ifthepowerisout，orifyou’renolongeratsomeplacewithanoutlet，you’llneedtomakeanychargeslastaslongaspossible.

B2.上文中的“Assumeyourelectricitycangoout…”提到電力可能隨時(shí)中斷的情況。下文中的“Ifpossible，leavethempluggedinuntilthelastminute.”提到在可能的情況下充電到最后一分鐘。B項(xiàng)“提前給你的手機(jī)和任何其他設(shè)備充電。”承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。

3

Extremecoldandheatcancauseyourphonebatterytobelessefficientandevenstopyourphonefromworking.You’lltypicallyseeawarningsignonthescreenifthishappens.Ifyoucanturnitoff，don’tturnitbackonuntilit’sbacktoanacceptabletemperature.Whetherit’sextremecoldorheat，avoidleavingyourphoneexposedanddon’tleaveitinacar.

E3.下文中的“Extremecoldandheatcancauseyourphonebattery…working.”提到極寒和極熱都會(huì)導(dǎo)致手機(jī)電池效率降低，甚至停止工作。E項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)現(xiàn)代手機(jī)都很堅(jiān)固，但對(duì)環(huán)境很敏感。”引出下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)。 Yourfriendsandfamilywillwanttoknowyouaresafeandyourlocationincaseyouaren’tsafe.Sendyourlocationwitheveryoneovertext，sothey’llknowwheretolookifyoulosecontact.Makesuretoincludepeopleoutsideofthedisasterzone.IfyouareusingaGPSlocation-sharingoption，don’tjustsendyourcurrentspotonetime.

4

A4.上文中的“IfyouareusingaGPSlocation-sharingoption，don’tjustsendyourcurrentspotonetime.”提到正在使用GPS位置共享選項(xiàng)時(shí)，不要只發(fā)送一次當(dāng)前的位置。A項(xiàng)“你應(yīng)該選擇持續(xù)共享它的選項(xiàng)。”承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。 Ifyou’restrugglingtofindreliableInternetconnections，thereareappsthatcouldstillhelpyoustayintouchorgiveyouhelpfulinformation.

5

Forexample，downloadtheGoogleMapsinformationforsurroundingareasincaseyouneedtomovefastandcellserviceisn’tavailable.Putinyourmainlocation，hitthethreedotsinthecorner，andselectDownloadOfflineMap.Youcancroptheexact